套扎与硬化夹心联合法治疗食管静脉曲张出血的长程随访

目的探讨经内镜套扎与硬化夹心联合法(套扎-硬化-套扎)治疗食管静脉曲张出血(EvB)的疗效与安全性.方法对166例EVB患者采用内镜套扎与硬化夹心联合法治疗,其中10例在首次内镜治疗中同时进行食管静脉造影检查术.间隔10～12 d后重复1次内镜治疗,直至静脉曲张消除.结果食管静脉造影检查显示,硬化剂在食管曲张静脉内滞留的时间超过30 min.夹心法对活动性EVB正血成功率为100%(19/19),静脉曲张消除率93.4%(155/166),达到消除的平均治疗次数1.9次,所需平均时间18.8d,并发症率8.4%(14/166).随访时间6～60个月,平均36个月.随访期内静脉曲张复发率11.7%(7/60),再出血率13.3%(8/60).结论套扎与硬化夹心联合法是治疗食管静脉曲张出血安全而有较的方法.     

内镜下套扎与硬化夹心疗法治疗食管静脉曲张出血的研究

目的　了解套扎与硬化夹心疗法治疗食管静脉曲张出血 (EVB)的疗效。方法　将 5 6例EVB患者随机分为 2组 ,分别接受内镜下食管静脉曲张结扎 (EVL)或夹心治疗 (套扎 硬化 套扎 )。 2组均在10～ 14d重复治疗 1次 ,直至曲张静脉消失。结果　 2组活动性EVB止血成功率相同 ,静脉曲张消除率相似 ;但夹心组 1次治疗后静脉曲张消除率显著优于EVL组 ,消除静脉曲张所需治疗次数及达到消除所需时间明显减少 ,再出血率及静脉曲张复发率亦明显减低。结论　夹心法是目前内镜下治疗EVB的理想方法     

组织黏合剂注射联合套扎治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床观察

【目的】观察组织黏合剂注射联合套扎治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的临床疗效及安全性。【方法】对32例食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血患者进行内镜下治疗,胃底曲张静脉采用“三明治夹心法”行组织黏合剂注射,对合并的食管曲张静脉同时行套扎治疗。术后观察不良反应、并发症和近期疗效。【结果】组织黏合剂注射量1．0～3．5mL,平均1．8mL,套扎5～12点,平均8．2点。治疗成功率100％。6例出现胸痛（18．8％）,2例出现上腹不适（6．3％）,全组未有异位栓塞的发生,追踪3个月未有再出血病例,28例3个月后复查胃镜,见胃底曲张静脉消失或明显减轻,食管曲张静脉减轻与红色征消失。【结论】组织黏合剂注射联合套扎治疗食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血安全、有效。     

内镜下套扎联合硬化治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血疗效观察

目的：观察内镜下套扎联合硬化治疗肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血的疗效。方法：选择44例肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血患者,均行内镜下食管静脉联合内镜下硬化治疗。观察患者治疗后的食管静脉曲张消失率、不良反应及治疗后1年内的复发情况。结果：治疗后患者食管静脉曲张消失率为95．45％（42／44）。随访1年中,患者复发1例（2．27％）,为合并胃底静脉曲张患者,无死亡病例。治疗后胸骨后疼痛39例,低热13例,早期再出血2例,早期再出血患者经治疗后出血较快停止,无1例出现食管狭窄。结论：内镜下食管静脉曲张套扎术联合内镜下硬化治疗食管静脉曲张疗效好,复发率低,值得在临床推广使用。     

食管静脉曲张出血内镜下序贯治疗的研究

目的：观察肝硬化食管静脉曲张破裂出血内镜下序贯治疗的疗效。方法：106例慢性乙型肝炎后肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张活动出血患者，随机采用内镜下套扎、硬化、及内镜下序贯治疗。结果：三组急诊止血率分别为套扎组91．4％（32／35），硬化剂组89．7％（35／39），序贯治疗组96．9％（31／32）；再出血率分别为5．7％，5．1％和0％，套扎组、硬化剂组两者疗效相仿（P＞0．05），序贯治疗组疗效明显优于其余两组；曲张静脉消失率套扎、硬化、序贯组分别为87％，76％和96％，序贯组明显优于其余两组。三组均无严重不良反应。结论：内镜下序贯治疗较单独套扎术和硬化术治疗效果理想，是目前食管静脉曲张出血内镜下治疗的理想选择。     

内镜下套扎术与血凝酶联合治疗食管静脉曲张急性出血疗效观察

目的 观察内镜下套扎术(EVL)与注射用血凝酶联合法治疗食管静脉曲张急性出血的临床疗效.方法 108例患者随机分为联合法组(治疗组)58例,EIS组(对照组)50例.治疗组先用套扎术,再于每两结扎点曲张静脉内注射血凝酶1 KU.对照组用聚桂醇注射法进行硬化治疗.结果 治疗组与对照组控制急性出血的止血率分别为95％、80％(P＜0.05)；1周后再出血率分别为12％、34％(P＜0.05),3个月后止血成功率分别为91％、76％(P＜0.05).结论 EVL与注射用血凝酶联合法是治疗食管静脉曲张急性出血的有效方法,值得推广.     

内镜下食管静脉曲张套扎或硬化联合心得安治疗预防再出血40例分析

目的研究内镜下食管静脉曲张硬化注射治疗(EVS)或食管静脉曲张套扎(EVL)后联合心得安维持治疗预防肝硬化食管静脉曲张再出血疗效。方法回顾性分析40例食管静脉曲张破裂出血患者的临床资料。结果经过内镜下止血联合心得安治疗的病例随访3月~8年,再发出血率22.5%,死亡率20%,明显低于未经内镜治疗的出血患者。心得安等药物长程联合治疗可有效降低门脉压,预防再出血。结论EVS或EVL联合心得安治疗预防食管静脉曲张破裂再出血安全有效。     

肝硬化并食道静脉曲张出血内镜下治疗的临床研究

目的观察肝硬化并食道静脉曲张出血内镜下不同治疗方法的疗效及安全性。方法48例肝硬化并食道静脉曲张出血患者随机分为套扎组（n=16）、硬化剂组（n=14）、联合治疗组（n=18）,术后定期随访,观察治疗效果。结果急诊止血率套扎组、联合治疗组分别为92．9％、93．8％,与硬化剂组（81．8％）相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。再出血率套扎组、硬化剂组分别为6．3％、14．0％,与联合治疗组（0％）相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;曲张静脉消失率套扎组、硬化组分别为87．5％、78．6％,与联合组（94．4％）相比,差异均有统计学意义;死亡率套扎组、联合组分别为6．2％、5．6％,与硬化组（14．3％）相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;平均治疗次数硬化剂组、联合组分别为（3．1±0．8）、（2.8±0．9）次,与套扎组[（1．2±0．6）次]相比,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。3组均无严重不良反应。结论内镜下3种治疗方法均为治疗食道静脉曲张的有效方法,但联合治疗效果优于单独套扎术和硬化术治疗,是目前食道静脉曲张出血内镜下治疗的优先选择。     

食管静脉曲张套扎远期疗效及再出血原因分析

食管胃底静脉曲张破裂出血(EVB)是导致肝硬化患者死亡最主要原因之一,首次出血病死率达50%~70%,反复出血病死率达80%以上[1],给患者及家属增加了巨大的心理和经济压力。内镜下食管静脉曲张套扎(EVL)是治疗EVB的主要手段,其急诊止血和近期预防再出血的效果得到了大多数专家认同,     

急诊内镜套扎联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化合并食管静脉曲张出血的疗效分析

[目的]探讨急诊内镜套扎联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化合并食管静脉曲张出血的疗效.[方法]将121例肝硬化合并食管静脉曲张出血患者分为观察组（n=61）与对照组（n=60）,观察组患者接受急诊内镜套扎联合奥曲肽治疗,对照组患者接受奥曲肽治疗.[结果]①观察组止血成功率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）,早期再出血发生率显著低于对照组（P＜0.05）;两组患者病死率相比差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.②观察组止血时间、奥曲肽治疗天数、输血量、住院时间显著少于对照组（均P＜0.05）.③观察组不良反应发生率显著高于对照组（P＜0.05）.[结论]急诊内镜套扎联合奥曲肽治疗肝硬化合并食管静脉曲张出血的患者的效果显著.     

改良三明治法同步与序贯联合套扎治疗食管胃底静脉曲张的疗效比较

目的探讨改良三明治法同步与序贯联合套扎治疗食管胃底静脉曲张(EGV)的疗效。方法 42例EGV患者随机分为同步治疗组(22例)和序贯治疗组(20例),同步治疗组采用内镜下改良三明治法治疗胃底曲张静脉后,同时行食管曲张静脉套扎术(EVL),序贯治疗组采用内镜下改良三明治法治疗胃底曲张静脉后,隔一周分次行EVL。比较两组患者内镜下止血成功率、再出血率、胃底静脉曲张(GV)改善率、套扎器应用数目及腹痛、发热、菌血症和异位栓塞等不良反应发生率。结果两组患者内镜下止血成功率、再出血率、GV改善率差异无统计学意义,两组患者胸腹痛、发热、菌血症发生率差异无统计学意义。所有患者均未出现异位栓塞。两组患者分别平均应用(8.19±2.01)与(7.81±1.78)枚套扎环,食管静脉曲张(EV)消失率分别为59.09%与70.00%,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论内镜下一次性注射组织胶+聚桂醇同步联合套扎治疗EGV安全有效,并发症发生率低,且可减少内镜检查次数,减少患者痛苦及医疗费用,值得进一步研究。     

Three years experience with endoscopic variceal ligation for treatment of bleeding varices.

Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) was developed as an alternative to endoscopic variceal sclerosis (ES) because of the high complication rate seen with ES. The new technique involves placement of small elastic bands around the variceal channels in the distal esophagus. The first 146 consecutive patients treated with EVL during the period from August, 1986 to July, 1989 are reported. Portal hypertension was caused by alcoholic liver disease in 93 of these patients. The average age of the patients was 53 years and 66% were males. All of the patients had recently bled from esophageal varices. At the time of treatment, 23% of the patients were actively bleeding. They were all treated acutely with EVL and had repeated treatments with the long-term goal of variceal eradication. The overall survival was 73%. Varices were eradicated or reduced to grade one in 78% of the 125 patients who were followed for more than 30 days. Variceal eradication required a mean of 5.5 sessions. Recurrent bleeding occurred in 44% of the total patient population. There were no major complications from EVL. It is concluded from this non-randomized experience that EVL is an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices and that it appears to be as effective as sclerotherapy with fewer complications.     

Combined ligation and sclerotherapy versus ligation alone for eradication of bleeding esophageal varices: a randomized and prospective trial.

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: A number of trials have been reported in which a combination of ligation and sclerotherapy was compared with ligation alone, or with sclerotherapy alone. The present trial was carried out to assess whether the combined therapy might achieve more rapid eradication of bleeding esophageal varices. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and three patients with either active bleeding or stigma of recent bleeding from esophageal varices were randomly assigned to receive ligation plus sclerotherapy, or ligation alone. Ligation was performed with the technique introduced by Stiegmann. Sclerotherapy was carried out using low-volume (1 ml) 1% aethoxysclerol, which was injected into varices proximal to each ligature. Further treatment sessions were held seven days later, and then at two-week intervals, until eradication of the varices was achieved. Endoscopic follow-up examinations were carried out at three-month intervals, or immediately if there was any recurrent bleeding. The mean follow-up period was 14 months. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the groups of patients compared with regard to the number of sessions required to eradicate the varices (2.4 +/- 0.7 in the combined group, and 2.3 +/- 0.7 in the ligation group; p>0.05). No significant differences were found between the groups with regard to recurrent bleeding (Fp = 2.882; p > 0.05). Three cases of recurrent bleeding (6%) from treatment-induced ulcers and two cases of recurrent bleeding (4%) from duodenal ulcers were observed with the combined therapy and ligation, respectively. No significant differences in the mortality were found between the groups (Fp = 1.145; p>0.05). Two percent of patients in the ligation group died due to bacterial peritonitis. CONCLUSION: Since ligation combined with low-volume sclerotherapy did not reduce the time required for variceal eradication, it can be concluded that the combined therapy is not superior to ligation alone. This mode of endoscopic therapy for the treatment of bleeding esophageal varices is therefore not recommended.     

密集多点结扎术治疗肝癌合并食管曲张静脉急性出血疗效观察

目的探讨内镜下密集多点结扎术(DEVL)治疗原发性肝癌合并食管曲张静脉急性出血的临床疗效。方法采用内镜下密集多点结扎术治疗原发性肝癌合并食管静脉曲张急性出血患者58例。急性出血控制后,每隔2周重复治疗,直至曲张静脉完全根治。结果50例完成全部结扎治疗,共完成146次、1141点结扎,平均每例结扎2.9次、22.8点。急诊止血率91.4%,近期再出血率20.7%,曲张静脉根治率为82%。结论内镜下密集结扎术能有效地治疗原发性肝癌合并食管静脉曲张急性出血,根治食管曲张静脉和预防再出血。DEVL治疗不受肝功能的影响,并发症少。     

胃底静脉曲张破裂出血的栓塞治疗

[目的]探讨胃冠状静脉,胃短静脉栓塞术以及联合部分脾栓术治疗胃底静脉出血的价值.[方法]35例患者行经皮经肝穿刺胃冠状静脉,胃短静脉栓塞治疗.1周后,对其中19例合并脾亢者行部分脾动脉栓塞治疗.[结果]34例栓塞成功,随访12个月,6个月内再出血5人,再出血率14.3%,死亡1人;另有3人死于肝功能衰竭.[结论]胃底静脉栓塞术及联合部分脾栓塞术是治疗胃底静脉曲张大出血的有效方法.     

聚桂醇和血凝酶局部注射联合密集套扎治疗肝硬化伴食管静脉曲张破裂出血的临床研究

目的 探讨聚桂醇和血凝酶局部注射并联合密集套扎法治疗肝硬化伴食管静脉曲张破裂出血(EVB)的临床疗效.方法 选取2016年2月-2019年12月在该科住院的肝硬化伴EVB患者45例,随机分为两组.对照组(n=21)采用密集套扎治疗,治疗组(n=24)在密集套扎治疗的基础上,再在每两个结扎点曲张静脉内注射混合液(聚桂醇1...     

Effect of esophageal variceal band ligation on hemorrhoids, anorectal varices, and portal hypertensive colopathy

BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Although it is known that obliteration of esophageal varices following endoscopic variceal band ligation results in an increase in the incidence of portal hypertensive gastropathy, the effect of variceal ligation on hemorrhoids, anorectal/colonic varices and portal hypertensive colopathy is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of endoscopic variceal band ligation on hemorrhoids, anorectal/colonic varices and portal hypertensive colopathy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 60 consecutive patients with cirrhosis of the liver and portal hypertension were prospectively studied. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and full-length colonoscopy were carried out before the patients underwent endoscopic variceal band ligation for esophageal varices and after obliteration of the varices following band ligation. RESULTS: Obliteration of esophageal varices by endoscopic variceal band ligation did not affect the incidence of hemorrhoids (37 % before and after), anorectal varices (40 % before and after), and portal hypertensive colopathy (57 % before and after). CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that esophageal variceal band ligation does not affect the incidence of hemorrhoids, anorectal varices or portal hypertensive colopathy in patients with cirrhosis of the liver.     

内镜下套扎术联合奥曲肽治疗食管静脉曲张破裂出血41例临床观察

目的评价套扎术(EVL)联合奥曲肽治疗食管静脉曲张破裂出血的效果。方法对41例门脉高压食管静脉曲张破裂出血患者进行内镜下急诊套扎术联合奥曲肽治疗。结果 41例患者急诊止血39例,止血率95.1%。结论套扎术联合奥曲肽治疗食管静脉曲张破裂出血创伤小、作用迅速、操作简单、近期疗效肯定。