11β，17α-二羟基-17-丙酰基-1，4-雄甾二烯-3-酮的合成

目的 制备17-丙酰基功能化的甾体化合物11β,17α-二羟基-17-丙酰基-1,4-雄甾二烯-3-酮.方法 以泼尼松龙为原料,经5步反应合成目标物.结果 和结论 总收率为67.4%,通过NMR、MS等确证了中间体和目标物的结构.     

3,5-甾二烯化合物的合成及抗早孕活性

以18-甲基-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(18-甲基炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙缺基-雌甾-4-烯-3-酮(炔诺酮),17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-雄甾-4-烯-3-酮(妊娠素)和17a-羟基孕甾-4-烯-3,20二酮(17α-羟基黄体酮)为原料,经NaBH,还原、脱水、双键转位和酯化等反应合成一系列3,5-甾二烯化合物,用¹HNMR和MS证明了它们的结构。动物筛选结果表明,17β-丙酰氧基-17α-乙炔基-雌甾-3,5-二烯(IV_b2有明显的抗早孕活性。中断早期妊娠的作用似与其雌激素活性有关。     

3β-羟基-雄甾-5,15-二烯-17-酮的合成

目的研究3β-羟基-雄甾-5,15-二烯-17-酮的合成方法.方法以去氢表雄酮为原料,经过溴代、缩酮化、脱溴化氢、脱缩酮保护基反应得到目标产物,总产率32.1%.结果与结论合成路线简便易行,适于大规模制备.     

部分A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷类化合物的合成

合成A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮肟(Ⅳa),A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮苯腙(Ⅳc),A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2,17-双酮-2-腙(Ⅳb)以及2ξ-乙炔基-A-失碳-5α-雄甾烷-2ξ,17β-二醇双丙酸酯(Ⅷb)及其17-肉桂酸酯(Ⅷa)。用元素分析、红外光谱证实了这些化合物的结构,其中化合物Ⅳb和Ⅷa尚未见文献报道。这些化合物正在作小白鼠的抗生育活性试验。     

3β-羟基-孕甾-5-烯-20-酮衍生物(A,B环)的合成及其构—效关系的研究

本文报道3β-羟基-孕甾-5-烯-20-酮(孕甾烯醇酮)C₃-位羟基的酯及A,B环重排成6β-羟基-3,5-环孕甾烷-20-酮有关衍生物的合成。抗炎实验发现除水杨酸酯和苯甲酸酯有与临床应用的抗炎松(孕甾烯醇酮乙酰水杨酸酯)相当的抗炎作用外,其余酯类(三氯乙酸酯、氯乙酸酯、呋喃-2′-羧酸酯、对甲苯磺酸酯、邻苯二甲酸单酯)及重排产物6β-羟基-3,5-环孕甾烷-20-酮都有较抗炎松略强的抗炎作用,其作用为临床应用的琥珀酸单酯的两倍多。为了定量地阐明孕甾烯醇酮衍生物的脂溶性对抗炎活性的影响,我们用疏水性碎片常数估算了孕留烯醇酮衍生物的脂水分配系数log P,发现除孕甾烯醇酮3-甲醚和3β-氯-孕甾-5-烯-20-酮以外,当log P0时,随着logP增高,抗炎活性logA明显地加大,两者之间呈抛物线关系。     

2β-(4′-甲基- 1′-哌嗪基)- 3α-羟基-16,17-取代-5α-雄甾烷的合成

为了寻找心血管系统药物,以表雄酮为原料,合成了7个16,17位取代的目标化合物:2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α-羟基-5α-雄甾-17-酮、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,17β-二羟基-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α-羟基-16α-溴-5α-雄甾-17-酮、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17-氧-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17-肟-5α-雄甾烷、2β-(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,16α-二羟基-17β-氨基-5α-雄甾烷和2β—(4’-甲基-1’-哌嗪基)-3α,17β-二羟基-16β-氨基-5α-雄甾烷。初步药理试验结果表明它们都有不同程度的抗心律失常活性。     

11-酮基-△~9-炔诺酮的合成

在甾体分子的9-位、11-位引入二个双键往往可以增强或改变其生理活性,例如18-甲基三烯炔诺酮与三烯炔诺酮均有比母体18-甲基炔诺酮与炔诺酮更强的抗生育活性。将11-位双键改为11-位酮基,即在11-位引入氧原子,则有抗着床与降胆固醇作用,11-酮基-△~9-炔诺酮(9)100ν对大鼠有抗着床作用,法国Roussel-Uclaf公司进行了全合成,并作简单报道。我们采用炔诺酮中间体,19-羟基-△~4-雄甾烯-3,17-二酮(1)为原料,用半合成路线仅8步反应合成了化合物(9)。     

19-羟基雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮4-取代物的合成及其对睾丸素A环芳香化酶的抑制活性

以19-羟基雄甾-4-烯-3,17-二酮(1)为先导物,经4β,5β-环氧化得8,然后4-位,引入取代基如羟基、氯、溴及乙酰硫基(2、3、4及5)。并用HPLC法测定其对人胎盘微粒体睾丸素A环芳香化酶的相对抑制活性,结果表明3活性较强。     

新化合物 A-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-Δ3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2-酮的合成

报道新化合物A-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-Δ^3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2-酮2的合成。文中探讨了用炔钾粗品对A-失碳-Δ^3(5),9(10)-雌甾二烯-2，17-二酮１和Ａ-失碳-６β，１９-环氧-Δ³-雄甾-2，17-二酮3的选择性炔化，分别得标题化合物2（44%）及Ａ-失碳-17β-羟基-17α-乙炔基-６β，１９-环氧-Δ³雄甾-2-酮４（６５％），４经还原性破开环氧、去羟甲基和去醋酰氧基合成了标题化合物２。四步总收率为３４％。     

Δ5-3β,7β-二羟基甾醇和Δ5-3β,7α-二羟基甾醇的立体选择合成及其对胆碱酯酶的抑制活性

目的研究不同支链结构的Δ5-3β,7β-二羟基甾醇和Δ5-3β,7α-二羟基甾醇对胆碱酯酶的抑制活性.方法以3个不同支链结构的Δ5-3β-羟基甾醇为起始物,先乙酰化保护3β-羟基,再烯丙位氧化引入7-羰基,该羰基分别用NaBH4-CeCl3和L-selectride还原成不同取向的羟基,最后水解除去保护基得到6个不同支链结构的Δ5-3β,7β-二羟基甾醇和Δ5-3β,7α-二羟基甾醇,进而对目标化合物进行乙酰胆碱酯酶和丁酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性实验.结果合成的6个化合物对乙酰胆碱酯酶无明显的抑制活性(IC50>100 μmol·L-1),对丁酰胆碱酯酶则有较强的抑制活性(IC50< 32 μmol·L-1),其中24-亚甲基胆甾-5-烯-3β,7α-二醇的抑制活性最强(IC50=9.5 μmol·L-1).结论 7位羟基的取向和不同的支链结构对化合物1～6发挥丁酰胆碱酯酶体外抑制活性有一定的影响.     

Designing of antiepileptic ligands by esterification and acetylation of dipeptides

Glycylglycine, alanylalanine and alanylglycine were synthesized, their free carboxylic and amino groups were converted to methyl esters of N-acetylglycylglycine, N-acetylalanylglycine and N-acetylalanylalanine. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for antiepileptic activity, plasmaprotein binding, TD₅₀ and potentiating effect of phenobarbitone sodium.     

Two pairs of unusual melibiose and raffinose esters from Scrophularia ningpoensis

A pair of unusual melibiose esters (1α/1β) and a pair of unusual raffinose esters (2α/2β), were isolated from Scrophularia ningpoensis. Structures of them were established by detailed spectroscopic analyses to be 6-O-(E)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α(β)-d-glucopyranose (1α/1β) and 6-O-(E)/(Z)-cinnamoyl-α-d-galactopyranosyl-(1→6)-α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-d-fructofuranose (2α/2β), respectively. All these compounds were evaluated for antifouling activity against the settlement of Balanus amphitrite larvae, along with the cytotoxic effect against the proliferation of HeLa cell lines.     

硼氢化钾作还原剂降低高度不饱和脂肪酸乙酯中的过氧化值

利用硼氢化钾的还原性,降低主要成份为二十碳五烯酸乙酯(EPA 乙酯)和二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(DHA 乙酯)的高度不饱和脂肪酸乙酯中的过氧化值。此法以乙醇为溶剂,硼氢化钾还原剂用量≤3%,反应时间30～60min,方法简便,有显著的除过氧化物效果。     

RP-HPLC法测定布洛芬丁香酚酯微乳中布洛芬丁香酚酯及有关物质含量

目的测定布洛芬丁香酚酯(ibuprofen eugenol ester,IEE)微乳中布洛芬丁香酚酯及有关物质的含量。方法微乳用甲醇溶解,采用RP HPLC法。色谱柱:ODS色谱柱;流动相:甲醇体积分数为0.2%的三氟乙酸四氢呋喃(体积比为170∶20∶15);流速:1.0 mL.min-1;检测波长:230 nm;室温测定。结果RP HPLC法测定的线性范围为0.5~50 mg.L-1,相关系数r=0.999 8;微乳中布洛芬酯的平均回收率为99.95%(RSD=0.35%,n=9);最低检测限50 ng;重复性良好(RSD=0.71%)。结论该方法适用于布洛芬丁香酚酯及有关物质的含量测定。     

大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法测定鱼油软胶囊中EPA-E和DHA-E的含量

目的 测定鱼油软胶囊中二十碳五烯酸乙酯(EPA-E)和二十二碳六烯酸乙酯(DHA-E)的含量。方法采用530μm大口径毛细管柱气相色谱法,外标法测定EPA-E和DHA-E的含量。结果EPA-E和DHA-E的保留时间分别为8．0min和12．0min,其标准曲线分别在0．52～1．22μg和0．58～1．36μg之间有良好的线性关系,回收率分别为97．1％和98．2％。结论该方法专属性强,适用于鱼油软胶囊中EPA-E和DHA-E的定量分析。     

Similar effects of succinic acid dimethyl ester and glucose on islet calcium oscillations and insulin release

The relative contribution of glycolysis vs. oxidative metabolism to the stimulus secretion coupling mechanism of beta-cells was investigated in isolated islets. For that purpose, the secretory and intracellular calcium responses of islets to both glucose and succinic acid dimethyl ester (SAD) were compared. After 45 min of rat islet perifusion in the absence of substrates, the maximum secretory responses to glucose (20 mmol/L) and SAD (10 mmol/L) were qualitatively and quantitatively indistinguishable. Malonic acid dimethyl ester (a permeable citric acid cycle inhibitor) suppressed the insulin secretory response to both 20 mmol/L glucose and 10 mmol/L SAD (-70% on average). The inhibitor decreased within 70% the rate of 14CO2-production from 10 mmol/L [2-(14)C]pyruvate without affecting the rate of 20 mmol/L D-[5-(3)H]glucose utilization. Both, 11.1 mmol/L glucose and 10 mmol/L SAD, elevated the intracellular calcium concentration and induced a similar pattern of oscillations that were rapidly ablated by 20 mmol/L malonic acid dimethyl ester. However, the intracellular concentration of calcium declined to basal values several minutes after the introduction of the inhibitor in the presence of SAD whereas it remained elevated in the case of glucose. In conclusion: (1) An exclusive increase of mitochondrial metabolism in pancreatic islets was sufficient to mimic the effects of glucose on intracellular calcium and insulin secretion. (2) Islet glycolysis and/or the re-oxidation of cytoplasmic NADH allowed the maintenance of an elevated, though non-oscillating, intracellular calcium concentration, but a reduced response to glucose.     

Depressor effects of isoguvacine propyl ester and isoarecaidine propyl ester due to stimulation of central GABA receptors in the cat

Upon their simultaneous administration into the left and right vertebral artery of the cat, 2 × 30 μg isoarecaidine propyl ester (IAPE) and 2 × 30 μg isoguvacine propyl ester (IGPE) induce hypotension and bradycardia. These effects were antagonized by (+)-bicuculline or picrotoxin. IAPE is rapidly hydrolyzed by cat brain tissue in vivo. It is suggested that both IAPE and IGPE are prodrugs and that the corresponding carboxylic acids are GABA agonists and responsible for the cardiovascular effects evoked.     

Tenuifoliose Q, a new oligosaccharide ester from the root of Polygala tenuifolia Willd

From the cortexes of Polygala tenuifolia Willd., a new oligosaccharide ester, tenuifoliose Q (1), was isolated together with three known compounds. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic and physiochemical analysis as an oligosaccharide esterified with acetic, benzoic and p-hydroxycinnamoyl acid.     

Tenuifoliose Q,a new oligosaccharide ester from the root of Polygala tenuifolia willd.

From the cortexes of Polygala tenuifolia Willd., a new oligosaccharide ester, tenuifoliose Q (1), was isolated together with three known compounds. The structure of 1 was elucidated by spectroscopic and physiochemical analysis as an oligosaccharide esterified with acetic, benzoic and p-hydroxycinnamoyl acid.     

阿司匹林丁醇酯的合成

目的合成前药阿司匹林丁醇酯。方法以水杨酸为原料,用乙酸酐酰化得到阿司匹林,然后以DCC为脱水剂,与丁醇缩合得到阿司匹林丁醇酯。结果合成了阿司匹林丁醇酯。结论目标化合物的结构经IR、1H NMR确证。