CJ-15,801, a novel antibiotic from a fungus, Seimatosporium sp

A novel antibiotic, CJ-15,801 (I), was isolated from the fermentation broth of a fungus, Seimatosporium sp. CL28611. The structure was determined to be a pantothenic acid analog having an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid moiety by spectroscopic analyses. The compound inhibits the growth of multi-drug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus strains with MIC ranging from 6.25 to 50 microg/ml.     

CJ-19,784, a new antifungal agent from a fungus, Acanthostigmella sp

A new antifungal agent, CJ-19,784 (I), was isolated from the fermentation broth of a fungus, Acanthostigmella sp. CL12082. Based on spectroscopic analyses, structure of I was determined to be 3'-bromo-2',5-dihydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-flavone. Compound I inhibits the growth of pathogenic fungi, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus with IC50 values of 0.11, 20 and 0.54 microg/ml, respectively.     

CJ-15,208, a novel kappa opioid receptor antagonist from a fungus,Ctenomyces serratus ATCC15502

A novel kappa opioid receptor binding inhibitor CJ-15,208 (I) was isolated from the fermentation broth of a fungus, Ctenomyces serratus ATCC15502. The structure of I was determined to be a cyclic tetrapeptide consisting of one tryptophan, one D-proline, and two L-phenylalanine. Compound I was a selective binding inhibitor for the kappa opioid receptor: 47 nM (IC50) for kappa, 260 nM for mu, and 2,600 nM for delta. In the electrically-stimulated twitch response assay of rabbit vas deferens I recovered the suppression by a kappa agonist asimadoline with an ED50 of 1.3 microM, indicating that it is a kappa antagonist.     

Pargamicin A, a novel cyclic peptide antibiotic from Amycolatopsis sp

A novel cyclic peptide antibiotic, pargamicin A was isolated from the culture broth of an actinomycete strain. The producing organism, designated ML1-hF4, was identified as a member of the genus Amycolatopsis. Pargamicin A was identified as a novel cyclic hexapeptide antibiotic containing piperazic acid by various spectroscopic analyses. Pargamicin A showed potent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus strains including MRSA and Enterococcus faecalis/faecium strains including VRE.     

CJ-21,058, a new SecA inhibitor isolated from a fungus

A new equisetin derivative, CJ-21,058 (I) was isolated from the fermentation broth of an unidentified fungus CL47745. It shows antibacterial activity against Gram-positive multi-drug resistant bacteria by inhibiting ATP-dependent translocation of precursor proteins across a bacterial cell membrane.     

Methylenolactocin, a novel antitumor antibiotic from Penicillium sp

A novel antitumor antibiotic, methylenolactocin, was isolated from the culture filtrate of a new isolate of fungus identified as Penicillium sp. The fermentation yield reached about 100 mg per liter of the broth. Methylenolactocin has the molecular formula of C11H16O4 and possess an exomethylene lactone structure. Its structure was determined to be 3-carboxy-2-methylene-4-nonanolide by spectroscopic data. It is active against some Gram-positive bacteria and it prolongs the life span of mice inoculated with Ehrlich carcinoma.     

Paeciloxazine, a novel nematicidal antibiotic from Paecilomyces sp

A novel nematicidal antibiotic, paeciloxazine has been isolated from the culture broth of a fungus Paecilomyces BAUA3058 strain. This compound, whose structure was determined by spectroscopic methods, has a pyrrolobenzoxazine skeleton. Paeciloxazine has moderate cidal activity against Rhabditis pseudoelongata and is weakly active against some insects.     

A new antibiotic CJ-17,665 from Aspergillus ochraceus

A new antibiotic, CJ-17,665 (I) was isolated from the fermentation broth of Aspergillus ochraceus, CL41582. It inhibits growth of multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Enterococcus faecalis, with MICs of 12.5, 12.5 and 25 microg/ml, respectively. The structure contains a diketopiperazine and an indole N-oxide moiety that is unusual in natural products.     

CJ-21,164, a new D-glucose-6-phosphate phosphohydrolase inhibitor produced by a fungus Chloridium sp

A new D-glucose-6-phosphate phosphohydrolase (G6Pase) inhibitor, CJ-21,164 (1) was isolated from the fermentation broth of the fungus Chloridium sp. CL48903. The structure was elucidated to be a novel tetramer of the salicylic acid derivatives by spectroscopic analyses. Compound I inhibited G6Pase in rat liver microsomes with an IC50 of 1.6 microM. Glucose output from hepatocytes isolated from rat liver was inhibited when I was present in the incubation medium, consistent with the role of I as a G6Pase inhibitor.     

YM-202204, a new antifungal antibiotic produced by marine fungus Phoma sp

A new antifungal antibiotic, YM-202204 (1), was found in the culture broth of marine fungus Phoma sp. Q60596. The structure of 1 was determined by several spectroscopic experiments as a new lactone compound. This antibiotic exhibited potent antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans and Aspergillus fumigatus, and also inhibited glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol (GPI)-anchoring in yeast cells.     

Tubelactomicin A, a novel 16-membered lactone antibiotic, from Nocardia sp. II. Structure elucidation

A novel 16-membered lactone antibiotic named tubelactomicin A was isolated from the culture broth of Nocaradia sp. MK703-102F1. The structure of tubelactomicin A was assigned by spectroscopic analysis and the absolute configuration was determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis.     

Trichodermanin A,a novel diterpenoid from endophytic fungus culture

Trichodermanin A, a structurally unique diterpenoid with skeletal carbons arranged compactly in a fused 6-5-6-6 ring system, has been isolated from cultures of Trichoderma atroviride (strain no. S361), an endophytic fungus isolate in Cephalotaxus fortunei. The structure of this compound was elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic methods and confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis.     

Cephalosporolides H and I,two novel lactones from a marine-derived fungus,penicillium sp.

Two novel lactones, Cephalosporolides H (1) and 1 (2), were isolated from the lyophilized culture broth of the marine-derived fungus, Penicillium sp. The structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D- and 2D-NMR, as well as HRESI-MS spectroscopic analyses. The relative stereochemistries of the compounds were assessed by comparison of the NOESY analysis and spectral data with those in the literature.