What is the relation between the presence of caries in the deciduous dentition and the chronology of the eruption of the permanent teeth?

Based on data obtained from a prospective epidemiological study in a random sample of 4468 Flemish children, accurate emergence ages for permanent teeth could be established. When data on permanent tooth emergence in different populations are compared, differences are most pronounced for premolars. Several authors hypothesised that this difference could be explained by a difference in caries experience in the primary molars. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of caries experience in a primary molar on the timing of emergence of its successor. The results indicate that the emergence of the premolars was accelerated by 2 to 8 months when its predecessor had been decayed and or filled but had not been extracted. Premature loss of maxillary primary molars resulted in a significant acceleration of the emergence of the premolars; this was not observed in the mandible. In conclusion, when considering permanent tooth emergence ages, caries experience in the primary dentition should be taken into account.     

Influence of the site of origin on the outcome of squamous cell carcinoma of the maxilla—oral versus sinus

The maxilla may be affected by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) from both oral and sinus sites. We sought to determine whether the site of origin of the maxillary tumour, oral as compared to sinus, influences survival. Univariate Kaplan–Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models analysis of 58 patients with SCC involving the maxilla, treated with curative intent, was conducted. The overall 5-year disease-free survival for the group was 41.7%. Five-year disease-free survival for oral subsite SCC was 56.8%, while for sinus subsite was only 21.6%. Univariate analysis found SCC of sinus origin to be associated with a poorer prognosis, however this was not confirmed on multivariate analysis. T-stage and positive margins were found to be the only independent risk factors. For SCC of the maxilla, sinus origin of the tumour per se does not confer a poorer prognosis; however, as a result of the complex anatomy of the midface, these tumours can present at an advanced stage, while surgical control of the disease can be more difficult, especially posteriorly. Tumour size and positive margins were the determinants of a poor prognosis in this group of patients with maxillary SCC.     

Validation of the Spanish version of the “Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries”

Objectives

To translate and validate a Spanish version of the “Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries” as a method of collecting information about treatment decisions on caries management in Chilean primary health care services.

Materials and methods

The original questionnaire proposed by Espelid et al. was translated into Spanish using the forward–backward translation technique. Subsequently, validation of the Spanish version was undertaken. Data were collected from two separate samples; first, from 132 Spanish-speaking dentists recruited from primary health care services and second, from 21 individuals characterised as cariologists. Internal consistency was evaluated by the generation of Cronbach's alpha, test–retest reliability was evaluated by Cohen's kappa, convergent validity was evaluated by comparing the total scale scores to a global evaluation of treatment trends and discriminant validity was evaluated by investigating the differences in total scale scores between the Spanish-speaking dentist and cariologist samples.

Results

Cronbach's alpha indicated an internal consistency of 0.63 for the entire scale. Cohen's kappa correlation coefficient expressed a test–retest reliability of 0.83. Convergent validity determined a Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.24 (p?<?0.01). The comparison of proportions (chi-squared) indicated that discriminant validity was statistically significant (p?<?0.01), using a one-tailed test.

Conclusions

The Spanish version of the “Questionnaire on the treatment of approximal and occlusal caries” is a valid and reliable instrument for collecting information regarding treatment decisions in cariology.

Clinical relevance

The clinical relevance of this study is to acquire a reliable instrument that allows for the determination of treatment decisions in Spanish-speaking dentists.     

Consideration of effect of the amount of mandibular setback on the submental region in the planning of orthodontic–orthognathic treatment

Aesthetic outcome has gained in importance in the treatment of patients with orthognathic problems. Historically, Class III malocclusions have historically been treated by isolated mandibular setback and maxillary advancement, whereas bimaxillary procedures have recently become the more common option. Functional outcome and stability have been discussed previously. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the effect of mandibular setback (BSSO) on the cervical region. We studied 38 Class III patients (20 women and 18 men, mean (SD) age 25 (0.8) years) who we identified from our clinical records and who were treated between 1 January 2002 and 30 December2012 with mandibular setback procedures and followed up for 6 months. To study the effect of the amount of mandibular setback on the aesthetic outcome we have distinguished between patients with less than 5 mm setback and those with 5 mm or more. In patients whose mandibular setback was less than 5 mm there was no significant change in cervical length. However, it decreased significantly in patients in whom the movement was 5 mm or more. Postoperatively the lip–chin–throat angle (p = 0.02), the length of the lower lip (p = 0.002), and the length of the upper lip (p = 0.003) from the aesthetic line also differed significantly between the 2 groups. Our observations strongly suggest that all these relations should be considered when treatment is being planned to avoid an unpleasant aesthetic impact on the chin region.     

Review on 209 Congenital Cysts of the Floor of the Mouth

目的：比较1980—2005年在武汉大学口腔医院治疗的89位中国病人和在约旦医院治疗的120位病人三型口底囊肿的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析皮样囊肿、表皮样囊肿和畸胎样囊肿患者的年龄、性别、种族，以及比较两组患者的囊肿位置、大小、就诊时间、手术治疗方法和复发率等方面的差别。结果：209例口底囊肿中，93例（44．5％）男性，116例（55．5％）女性。皮样囊肿66例（31．6％）、表皮样囊肿115例（55％）、畸胎样囊肿28例（13．4％）。皮样囊肿、表皮样囊肿多见于头3个10岁年龄组，20-29岁高发，而畸胎样囊肿高好发于10岁以前。约90％的患者无自觉症状。发病后6个月以内就诊者，第1组（43．8％）明显少于第2组（80％）。这些先天性囊肿常发生在口底中部。就诊时第1组中囊肿直径大于3cm者达48．3％，而第2组中囊肿直径大于3cm者仅11．7％。第1组中经口外进路切除病变占58．4％，而第2组为41．7％。141例随访病例的术后复发25例，复发率是17．7％。结论：两组口底囊肿有类似的临床特点，其中表皮样囊肿较常见，畸胎样囊肿的发病年龄较小。手术切除不彻底可导致病变复发。     

What are the limitations of the non-patient-specific implant in titanium reconstruction of the orbit?

There is ongoing discussion about patient-specific implants (PSI) to reconstruct orbital defects. Although PSI offer excellent clinical outcome, they are expensive. Subsequently, their routine application is not indicated. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of implant malposition and revision procedures after primary orbital repair with preformed plates and to identify cases where primary use of PSI would help to prevent revision surgery. All patients included in the study were operated on for orbital fractures at the Royal London Hospital between August 2017 and July 2018. Selection criteria included adult patients treated for orbital fractures with a titanium plate. Revision was planned in symptomatic patients presenting with clear implant malposition. Seventy-nine patients with 81 implants were included, 33 of whom had multiple orbital wall fractures (medial wall and floor or all four walls) and were summarised as group 2. Group 1 consisted of single orbital floor/medial wall fractures. The five patients for whom revision surgery was planned or undertaken because of radiological poorly positioned implants and substantial clinical symptoms all had multiple wall fractures. This finding was significant (p = 0.006). The major reason for revision was a defect that was too large for the prescribed plate. Patients with large orbital defects needing surgical treatment are at risk of implant malposition. The orbital reconstruction with preformed plate evidences good outcome in single wall fractures. However, the risk of malposition increases massively with fracture size. We therefore postulate that in large, two-wall fractures, primary treatment with a PSI has to be considered.     

What is the purpose of launching the World Journal of Stomatology?

Congratulations to the publisher, members of the editorial board of the journal, all the authors and readers for launching the World Journal of Stomatology (WJS) as a new member of the World series journal family! Significant scientific advances and important breakthroughs need to be published to impact dental care and reach an audience of researchers and clinicians who can create more effective dental treatments for their patients. There is a need to share scientific information, methodologies, therapies, and hypotheses related to stomatology, through an open-access format, to reach the widest possible audience. The WJS was created to fulfill the role of disseminating the most significant, innovative and transformational cutting edge research in dentistry. The WJS is a peer-reviewed open-access periodical centered in stomatology, with a multidisciplinary coverage that will publish high-impact articles in all areas of the dental clinical specialties, applied science, epidemiology, trauma and dental care, dental materials, oral biology and microbiology. The WJS is not scared of controversy or challenges to existing doctrine, since they are supported by high-quality science or unequivocal clinical outcomes. The WJS will avoid publishing confirmatory and low-impact articles. The WJS will only publish articles directly relevant to stomatology and dentistry because this is what our readers expect. If you need to share any exciting dental research discoveries and reach the widest possible audience, you will find in the WJS the most helpful resource to publish your papers!     

Does the procedure of arthrography affect the range of movement in patients with locking of the temporomandibular joint?

The aim of this study was to investigate whether arthrography itself altered the range of mandibular movements, in a group of patients with locking of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The clinical records of a series of 161 patients who were diagnosed with locking of the TMJ were retrospectively analysed. Mouth opening had improved in 57 out of 161 patients (35%). Twenty-three patients (14%) had improved by 5 mm or less. Nineteen patients (11%) had improved by more than 5 mm but less than 10 mm, whereas 15 patients (9%) had improved by more than 10 mm. Of the patients who experienced an improved mouth opening, only nine (15%) had improved from their pre-arthrography restricted maximum opening to beyond the lower limit of normal. This suggests that the injection of contrast medium had an effect on the range of vertical opening in patients with displacement of the disc without reduction.     

In vivo effects of geranylgeraniol on the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws

Background

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) is a complication of the bisphosphonate (BP) treatment and its pathopysiology is still not fully understood. The existing preventive and treatment options require updates and more attention. Geranylgeraniol (GGOH) so far demonstrated an increased activity and viability of the cells previously treated with zoledronic acid (ZA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vivo effects of GGOH on the development of BRONJ.

A clinical investigation of the relationship between the quality of conventional complete dentures and the patients’ quality of life

Objective

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there is a correlation between the clinical quality of conventional complete dentures and patient quality of life.

Materials and methods

This study included a random sample of 32 completely edentulous patients (15 males and 17 females) who were treated with conventional complete dentures. Using a validated questionnaire, three investigators evaluated the dentures independently on the basis of seven clinical parameters: esthetics (lip support and lower lip line), retention and stability of the maxillary and the mandibular dentures, and occlusion. Patients completed the validated Oral Health Impact Profile-20 (OHIP-20) questionnaire. Correlations were determined by using the point-biserial correlation coefficient.

Results

Clinicians rated the overall clinical quality of the dentures satisfactory in 80.3% of patients. The mean (±standard deviation) total OHIP-20 score was 56.3 ± 15.9 out of a possible 120 maximum. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the stability of the maxillary and mandibular dentures and the total OHIP-20 score (p = 0.009 and 0.0023, respectively). A negative correlation between the total OHIP-20 score and the retention of the mandibular denture approached significance (p = 0.092). Esthetics, retention of the maxillary denture, and occlusion were not correlated with patient quality of life (p > 0.169).

Conclusion

Stability of the maxillary and mandibular dentures is the denture quality parameter that can most significantly affect patient quality of life.     

A study on the fit of the base plate —Influence of canditions of storage—

The aims of this study was to define the effect of storage conditions of base plates, which consist of self-curing resin. Examinantions were made on the dimensional accuracy with the passage of time of base plate stored in water and air on a plaster model for standerdized maxillary edentulous. The following conclusions were obtained;

Juvenile cemento-ossifying fibroma of the maxilla:Report of one case and renew of the literature

Juvenile cemento-ossifying fibroma (JCOF) is a rare lesion that exhibits a slow growing but may reach massive proportion and cause considerable cosmetic and functional problems. This lesion has the tendency for recurrence following incomplete excision. A case report of giant JCOF in a 46-year-old female with 23-year history is presented. Local excision and thorough curettage was performed and the normal skeletal structure was maximally preserved. 15-month follow up demonstrated no sign of recurrence.     

The role of the orthodontist in the diagnosis of Gorlin’s syndrome

Gorlin’s syndrome is a relatively rare generalized disorder. Its diagnosis in childhood is usually through oral abnormalities. Some of the most frequent clinical features of this syndrome are discovered through radiographs commonly used in orthodontia. Thus, the orthodontist may be able to contribute to its diagnosis. The article shows three clinical cases that illustrate the role that the orthodontist may play in diagnosis of this syndrome. (Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 1999;115:89-98)     

Does the thickness of the resin cement affect the bond strength of a fiber post to the root dentin?

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cement thickness on the bond strength of a fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post system to the root dentin. Eighteen single-rooted human teeth were decoronated (length: 16 mm), the canals were prepared, and the specimens were randomly allocated to 2 groups (n = 9): group 1 (low cement thickness), in which size 3 FRC posts were cemented using adhesive plus resin cement; and group 2 (high cement thickness), in which size 1 FRC posts were cemented as in group 1. Specimens were sectioned, producing 5 samples (thickness: 1.5 mm). For cement thickness evaluation, photographs of the samples were taken using an optical microscope, and the images were analyzed. Each sample was tested in push-out, and data were statistically analyzed. Bond strengths of groups 1 and 2 did not show significant differences (P = .558), but the cement thicknesses for these groups were significantly different (P < .0001). The increase in cement thickness did not significantly affect the bond strength (r2 = 0.1389, P= .936). Increased cement thickness surrounding the FRC post did not impair the bond strength.     

Does the mode of administration of the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 affect the outcome score?

Objective

To determine if there are differences in outcome scores if the Oral Health Impact Profile-49 (OHIP-49) is delivered by two different modes of administration (manual-self complete versus telephone interview).

Methods

Patients with chronic periodontitis (n = 83, 54% females and 46% males, mean age 49.1 ± 9.5 years) completed the OHIP-49 using two modes of administration (manual self-complete and telephone interview) in a randomly assigned order, with a minimum washout period of 2 weeks between modes, both episodes occurring prior to any periodontal treatment being provided. To assess convergent validity, after each mode of administration, the patients were additionally asked a global question about their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Results

Median OHIP-49 scores recorded by manual self-complete (median 36 [IQR = 20–70]) were significantly higher than those recorded by telephone interview (median 27 [IQR = 11–61]) (p < 0.01). The global question was well correlated to the OHIP domains, but did not reveal any evidence of an order effect such as was seen with OHIP-49 itself (which showed a higher impact on OHRQoL during the first administration in either mode).

Conclusions

The mode of administration (manual-self complete versus telephone interview) did substantially influence the OHIP-49 scores in patients with chronic periodontitis. The OHRQoL differed between the two modes of administration, with significantly higher scores (indicating poorer OHRQoL) when the questionnaire was manually self-completed.

Clinical significance

The mode of administration of quality of life questionnaires such as OHIP-49 could potentially affect the outcome scores derived. This study investigated whether there is a difference in outcome scores if OHIP-49 is delivered via manual self-complete or by telephone interview in patients with chronic periodontitis. We found that there was a significant difference between the two modes: manual self-completion by the patients yielded significantly higher scores than completion by telephone interview. It is therefore important to be consistent in the mode of completion of OHIP-49, as mixing modes could introduce additional error into clinical studies that utilise this instrument.