广州市2～12岁儿童1734名睡眠障碍的流行病学调查

目的：了解广州市东山区2～12岁儿童常见睡眠障碍的发生，分析可能影响儿童睡眠障碍发生的影响因素。方法：于2003-06／09在广州市东山区随机抽取两所小学及两所幼儿园共1734儿童,在严格质量控制的条件下由专人负责对其家长进行儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查。结果：所调查儿童各种睡眠障碍总的发生率为35．4%，除睡眠憋醒发生率男孩明显高于女孩外(r=40．172，P=0．000)，其余各种睡眠障碍的发生率男孩与女孩经检验差异均无显著性意义。影响儿童睡眠障碍的主要危险因素包括：性别、年龄、睡眠环境、鼻炎史、父亲吸烟史、父亲学历、父亲打鼾史和母亲打鼾史等八个影响因素。结论：目前广州市东山区2～1、2岁儿童睡眠障碍发生率较高，其主要影响因素还是以社会家庭环境因素为主，家庭应重视儿童的睡眠问题，以提高儿童的睡眠质量。     

广州市2～12岁儿童1734名睡眠障碍的流行病学调查

目的:了解广州市东山区2～12岁儿童常见睡眠障碍的发生,分析可能影响儿童睡眠障碍发生的影响因素。方法:于2003-06/09在广州市东山区随机抽取两所小学及两所幼儿园共1734儿童,在严格质量控制的条件下由专人负责对其家长进行儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查。结果:所调查儿童各种睡眠障碍总的发生率为35.4%,除睡眠憋醒发生率男孩明显高于女孩外(χ2=40.172,P=0.000),其余各种睡眠障碍的发生率男孩与女孩经检验差异均无显著性意义。影响儿童睡眠障碍的主要危险因素包括:性别、年龄、睡眠环境、鼻炎史、父亲吸烟史、父亲学历、父亲打鼾史和母亲打鼾史等八个影响因素。结论:目前广州市东山区2～12岁儿童睡眠障碍发生率较高,其主要影响因素还是以社会家庭环境因素为主,家庭应重视儿童的睡眠问题,以提高儿童的睡眠质量。     

贫困县小学生睡眠状况调查

目的:了解贫困地区小学生睡眠状况,探讨提高农村儿童睡眠质量的有效措施。方法:于2005-10在吉林省的国家级贫困县应用澳大利亚悉尼大学儿童睡眠中心临床问卷的中国修订版(内容涉及儿童个人情况、睡眠状况、家庭居住环境,父母睡眠状况、吸烟状况,以及父母职业及受教育程度、家庭成员之间的关系等),采用二阶段整群随机抽样法,对750名小学生的睡眠状况进行调查分析,统计分析近1年内儿童在未患重大疾病时的睡眠状况,包括全天睡眠时间分布状况、睡眠障碍发病率及其相关影响因素,根据美国精神障碍诊断统计手册中儿童睡眠障碍的诊断标准,将每周出现1～3次单一或几种睡眠障碍相关症状,定为存在睡眠问题。结果:共发放问卷750份,回收有效问卷691份,回收率为92.1%。6岁和13岁组人数较少予以去除,实际纳入分析者669名。其中男生300名,女生369名;汉族361名,朝鲜族288名,其他民族20名;7岁组96名,8岁组93名,9岁组94名,10岁组122名,11岁组128名,12岁组136名。①贫困县小学生全天睡眠时间均值为(9.62±1.12)h,汉族小学生全天平均睡眠时间比朝鲜族学生长[(9.75±1.23),(9.48±0.90)h,P<0.01]。各年龄组学生全天睡眠时间差异无统计学意义(F=0.169,P>0.05)。②睡眠障碍总时点发病率为27.40%。低年级组小学生(一～四年级)睡眠障碍发病率高于高年级组(五～六年级)(31.80%,24.15%,P<0.05),男生睡眠障碍发病率高于女生(35.35%,20.95%,P<0.01)。③睡眠障碍症状发病率前5位依次为:睡眠不安(8.4%),睡眠姿势异常(8.3%)、张口呼吸(6.1%),梦呓(5.2%);打鼾(4.3%)。④调查结果经单因素相关分析及多重逐步回归分析显示抚养人睡眠习惯、儿童睡眠姿势异常、母亲管教孩子态度和父亲学历等是影响睡眠时间的主要因素。⑤Logistic回归分析显示,孩子患呼吸系统疾病、父母教育孩子方法、母亲有无睡眠障碍、父母之间关系、儿童体弱多病等是睡眠障碍的主要危险因素。结论:贫困地区儿童睡眠障碍是多因素共同作用的结果;孩子的抚养人应改掉不良的睡眠习惯,为儿童提供良好的生活、睡眠环境;增强儿童身体素质,积极防治呼吸系统疾病,应作为近期降低贫困县小学生睡眠障碍的有效措施。     

肺结核患者睡眠障碍发生率及影响因素分析

目的：探讨肺结核患者睡眠障碍发生率及其影响因素,为临床研究提供参考。方法：选取2021年1月至2023年1月江苏省南通市第六人民医院结核科收治的肺结核患者90例作为研究对象,采用阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)评估其睡眠状态,比较不同基本资料及疾病情况下患者的睡眠障碍发生率,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析对肺结核患者的不同研究因素与睡眠障碍发生相关性进行分析。结果：应用AIS评估90例肺结核患者睡眠状态发生睡眠障碍62例(68.89%),结果较差。睡眠障碍发生率,不同性别患者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),不同年龄、病程、文化程度、白天情绪、睡眠时间和入睡时间患者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,引发肺结核患者睡眠障碍的因素包括年龄、病程、文化程度、入睡时间、白天情绪和治疗情况。结论：肺结核患者极易发生睡眠障碍,且年龄、病程、白天情绪和入睡时间等都会对患者的睡眠造成不良影响。因此,还要针对易影响肺结核患者睡眠质量的因素加强干预。     

广州市2～12岁儿童睡眠时间的流行病学研究

目的:了解广州市东山区2～12岁儿童的睡眠时间及其相关因素。方法:于2003年6-9月间在广州市东山区随机抽取两所小学及两所幼儿园共1734名儿童,在严格质量控制的条件下由专人负责对其家长进行儿童家庭社会环境与睡眠健康问卷调查。结果:广州市东山区小于6岁的儿童睡眠时间明显低于国内报道的同年龄段儿童睡眠基本需求量。影响儿童睡眠时间的主要因素有年龄、睡眠障碍、母亲打鼾、喂养方式和入睡困难等。结论:目前广州市东山区低年龄组儿童睡眠时间偏少,其主要影响因素以社会家庭环境因素为主,应引起家庭及社会的重视。     

昌平区1100例2～12岁儿童睡眠障碍调查分析

目的了解2～12岁儿童睡眠障碍患病情况，为儿童睡眠障碍的干预提供依据。方法本次共抽取幼儿园及小学2～12岁1100例儿童（每个年龄组100例）对儿童家长进行问卷调查。结果2～12岁儿童睡眠障碍患病率为34．27％，其中8岁组患病率明显高于其它组占17．51％，各类睡眠障碍症状中以睡眠多汗、磨牙、打鼾、梦呓、睡眠不安为多，其中以睡眠多汗所占比例最高，占28．12％。结论睡眠是人体生命的重要生理过程，儿童睡眠质量的好坏直接关系到孩子的身体、智力发育和心理的健康成长，进一步探讨儿童睡眠障碍的影响因素，以便采取措施开展儿童睡眠障碍的干预对促进儿童健康成长是至关重要的。     

分析3～10岁儿童注意缺陷多动症状的发生状况及其与睡眠的关系

目的：分析3～10岁儿童注意缺陷多动症状(ADHD)的发生状况及其与睡眠的关系。方法：选取2019年1月至2023年1月厦门市仙岳医院儿童青少年心理康复训练科收治的3～10岁ADHD儿童1 000名作为研究对象,采用应用注意缺陷多动障碍诊断量表比较2组患儿的症状,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)比较2组患儿的睡眠质量,并分析ADHD的发生情况以及与睡眠质量之间的关系。结果：经过分析比较,其中ADHD患儿100名,非ADHD儿童900名,2组之间午睡时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ADHD患儿年龄小于非ADHD组儿童,夜间睡眠时间短于非ADHD组儿童,入睡时间≤10 min、无打鼾、无夜间惊醒构成比低于非ADHD组儿童。经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,性别、年龄、夜间睡眠时间、入睡时间、打鼾、夜间惊醒为ADHD的影响因素。ADHD患儿PSQI总分大于非ADHD儿童,且各项指标分值均以ADHD组患儿较高,经多因素Logistic回归分析显示,入睡时间、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍与注意缺陷、多动冲动、ADHD存在相关性。结论：儿童注意缺陷多动症状主要发生在9岁,以男性居...     

广东省澄海市-12岁儿童睡眠紊乱现况调查

目的：了解4-12岁儿童的基本睡眠状况，以及睡眠紊乱的现患率及其影响因素。 方法：于2002—07对广东省澄海市采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取3所幼儿园及2所小学760例儿童作为调查对象，向学生家长发放量表。家长在调查人员的解释下就儿童的相关情况完成问卷。共发放问卷760份，共收回有效问卷738份，应答率为97．1％。738例学生平均年龄（7．8&;#177;2．9）岁，将儿童按暇年龄分为4-6岁组（n=298）。7-9岁组（n=197），10-12岁组（n=243）。使用自制问卷调查儿童的一般情况，采用儿童睡眠紊乱量表对儿童的睡眠紊乱状况进行评定，采用5级记分，量表总分高于39分可认为有睡眠紊乱。 结果：共发放问卷760份，回收760份，剔除资料填写不全问卷22份，共收回有效问卷738份，应答率为97．1％。（1）睡眠紊乱量表得分情况：儿童睡眠紊乱量表总分为（39．8&;#177;10．0）。睡眠紊乱的发生率为46．6％；不同性别儿童睡眠紊乱量表各因子分及总分差别无显著性（P〉0．05），各年龄组间各因子得分及总分有明显差异（P〈0．05），（2）儿童睡眠紊乱的相关分析及Logistic回归分析：儿童睡眠紊乱量表总分与年龄、家庭平均月收入、学习压力呈负相关，与健康状况、对学校的兴趣、居住地呈正相关，多元回归分析显示睡眠紊乱量袭总分主要与年龄、对学校的兴趣及居住地有关。 结论：儿童睡眠紊乱的发生率较高，儿童的睡眠状况无性别差异；年龄越小，睡眠紊乱情况越严重；睡眠紊乱的发生与年龄、居住地、对学校的兴趣等因素有关。     

针对性睡眠护理干预对心内科疾病患者睡眠质量的影响分析

目的:探究心内科疾病患者经针对性睡眠护理干预对其睡眠质量的影响。方法:选取2018年1月至2019年4月于北京市红十字会急诊抢救中心心内科住院治疗患者84例作为研究对象,实施一对一访谈模式,对患者夜醒次数、入睡所需时间、上床时间、晨醒时间及再次入睡所需时间等睡眠障碍症状及睡眠质量,对影响睡眠相关因素进行分析,实施针对性护理,对比分析护理干预前后患者睡眠质量情况。结果:影响心内科患者睡眠障碍症状主要表现为醒后入睡困难、夜醒、入睡困难及早醒等。其中疾病、心理因素是引发睡眠障碍的主要因素,还包含环境因素与其他因素等。经针对性睡眠护理干预后,均有所改善。结论:心内科疾病患者睡眠质量的影响因素为心理因素与疾病因素,对其实施针对性睡眠护理干预,可以显著改善患者睡眠质量。     

脑瘫患儿睡眠习惯调查

目的了解脑瘫患儿的睡眠习惯。方法用儿童睡眠习惯问卷(CSHQ)对81例4~12岁脑瘫患儿家长进行调查。结果51.9%患儿存在睡眠障碍(CSHQ总分≥49)。患儿年龄越小,睡眠障碍的发生率越高(P=0.001);4~5岁患儿CSHQ总分、睡眠时间抵触得分、睡眠焦虑因子得分均大于6~7岁及8~12岁患儿(P<0.05)。女性(OR=3.222,P=0.032)、低年龄(OR=0.702,P=0.022)、开始康复年龄大(OR=1.029,P=0.048)的患儿,睡眠障碍发生越严重。结论脑瘫患儿中睡眠障碍情况严重。早期康复可以改善患儿睡眠。     

Lung aeration during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Background: Previous studies have indicated that patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) have altered ventilation and lung volumes awake and the results suggest that this may be a determinant of severity of desaturations during sleep. However, little is known about regional lung aeration during sleep in patients with OSA. Methods: Twelve patients with OSA were included in the study. Computed tomography was used to study regional lung aeration during wakefulness and sleep. Lung aeration was calculated in ml gas/g lung tissue in four different regions of interest (ROI_1–4), along the border of the lung from ventral to dorsal. Results: Lung aeration in the dorsal (dependent) lung region (ROI₄) was lower during sleep compared to wakefulness 0·78 ± 0·19 versus 0·88 ± 0·19 (mean ± SD) ml gas/g lung tissue (P = 0·005). Associations were found between awake expiratory reserve volume and change in lung aeration from wakefulness to sleep in ROI₄ (r = ?0·69; P = 0·012). In addition, the change in lung aeration in the dorsal region correlated to sleep time (r = 0·69; P = 0·014) but not to time in supine position. The difference in lung aeration between inspiration and expiration (i.e. ventilation), was larger in the ventral lung region when expressed as ml gas per g lung tissue. In two patients it was noted that, during on‐going obstructive apnoea, lung aeration tended to be increased rather than decreased. Conclusions: Aeration in the dorsal lung region is reduced during sleep in patients with OSA. The decrease is related to lung volume awake and to sleep time.     

Obtaining a thorough sleep history and routinely screening for obstructive sleep apnea

PURPOSE: To present a clinical case study of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and discuss a potential correlation between OSA, unexplained distal pain symptoms, and pyschoemotional concerns. DATA SOURCES: A review of the scientific literature was performed on OSA using the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature and MEDLINE. CONCLUSIONS: OSA is potentially life threatening and can have serious consequences to a patient's health. Many of the obvious signs of OSA occur at night, and the symptoms of OSA may correspond to a variety of other diseases. Clinicians should recognize a possible correlation between OSA and unexplained distal pain symptoms as well as psychoemotional concerns. These clinically associated conditions may be less apparent but may dramatically affect quality of life. By improving recognition and treatment of OSA, morbidity and mortality can be reduced and quality of life can be improved for patients and their families. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: It is imperative that clinicians are attentive and take detailed histories to recognize the clinical signs and symptoms of OSA, paying more attention to the less obvious symptomatology that may be significantly impacting quality of life.     

人文关怀在睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征病人多导睡眠监测中的应用

[目的]探讨人文关怀在睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(SAHS)病人多导睡眠监测中的应用效果。[方法]选择进行睡眠监测的病人215例,按时间先后分为对照组和观察组,两组均采用多导睡眠监测的常规护理,观察组在此基础上给予人文关怀,比较两组睡眠监测成功率和病人满意度。[结果]观察组检测成功率为98.21%,高于对照组的86.41%(P0.05),观察组满意度评分高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]在多导睡眠监测过程中实施人文关怀能提高检测成功率及病人满意度。     

A warm footbath before bedtime and sleep in older Taiwanese with sleep disturbance

A single-group crossover design was used to examine the effects of a warm footbath on body temperatures, distal-proximal skin temperature gradient (DPG), and sleep outcomes in 15 Taiwanese elders with self-reported sleep disturbance. Body temperatures and polysomnography were recorded for three consecutive nights. Participants were assigned randomly to receive a 41 degrees C footbath for 40 minutes before sleep onset on night 2 or night 3. Mean DPG before lights off was significantly elevated on the bathing night. There were no significant differences in sleep outcomes between the two nights. However, when the first two non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep periods were examined, the amount of wakefulness was decreased in the second NREM period on the bathing night.     

Perceived sleep quality of psychiatric patients

This paper aims at acquiring knowledge about the quality of sleep of adult and elderly psychiatric patients who receive clinical or outpatient nursing care, and identifying key factors in perceiving a sleep problem. To do so, a sample of 1699 psychiatric patients were asked whether they perceived a sleep problem and were invited to fill in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and additional questions. Five hundred and sixty (33%) questionnaires were returned. As a result, we find that 36% of the patients perceived a sleep problem, while the PSQI assessed 66% of the sample as being 'bad sleepers'. Forty-nine per cent of the respondents used sleep medication one or more times a week. Five items of the PSQI were shown to be predictors of a perceived sleep problem. Four of these are insomnia symptoms, while the fifth is the use of sleep medication. Moreover, the patients who used sleep medication most scored significantly worse on all PSQI components than patients who used sleep medication less than once a week. In conclusion, many psychiatric patients perceive a sleep problem and all nurses could be confronted not only with the night-time consequences of this, but also with daytime consequences. Therefore, sleep problems must not be viewed as an isolated problem but must be seen in relation with social functioning.     

便携式睡眠呼吸监测仪诊断睡眠呼吸暂停综合征病人的护理

[目的]探讨便携式睡眠呼吸监测仪诊断睡眠呼吸暂停综合征(SAS)病人的护理体会。[方法]对2009年1月—2011年10月146例怀疑有SAS病人进行检测诊断有无睡眠呼吸暂停综合征,同时加强的护理。[结果]使用便携式睡眠呼吸监测仪诊断睡眠呼吸暂停综合征检测成功135例,检测失败11例,其中入睡差2例,监测到一半脱线6例,监测后无数据显示有3例。[结论]使用便携式睡眠呼吸监测仪,监测时护士加强宣教及做好导线连接和各项护理措施是提高检测成功率的重要环节。     

多发性抽动症患儿睡眠结构的变化

目的探讨多发性抽动症(Tourette syndrom e,TS)患儿睡眠结构及睡眠质量的变化。方法利用多导睡眠仪(PSG)监测TS组及健康对照组共62例儿童多导睡眠图,Polysm ith softwear分析其睡眠结构及睡眠质量的变化。结果TS组睡眠效率(82.0±9.3)%、对照组(96.0±6.4)%,TS组慢波睡眠百分比(12.0±8.2)%、对照组(16.0±4.3)%,TS组Ⅰ期睡眠百分比(14.0±6.1)%、对照组(9.0±3.1)%,TS组觉醒次数(3.0±0.1)次/h、对照组(1.5±0.1)次/h,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);TS组总睡眠时间(428.0±93.1)m in、对照组(446.0±60.2)m in;TS组Ⅱ期睡眠百分比(52.0±9.0)%、对照组(52.0±8.1)%,TS组快速眼动睡眠(rap id eye movem ent,REM)百分比(23.0±5.1)%、对照组(23.0±6.2)%,TS组REM潜伏期(98.0±7.0)m in、对照组(96.0±6.2)m in,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论TS组患儿睡眠结构及睡眠质量均发生了变化,这些变化可能影响TS组患儿的情绪及日间抽动程度。     

综合睡眠干预在脑卒中睡眠障碍患者中的应用效果

目的探讨睡眠护理干预对脑卒中患者睡眠质量及生活质量的影响。方法选取60例脑卒中合并睡眠障碍的患者为研究对象,进行综合睡眠干预,包括睡眠指导、放松训练、足部穴位按摩等,比较患者干预前后睡眠质量及生活质量的变化。结果干预3个月后,患者在睡眠障碍、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率等方面的睡眠质量评分均低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),且患者在手功能、行动能力、记忆与思维、交流等方面的生活质量评分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论综合睡眠干预能够改善脑卒中睡眠障碍患者的睡眠质量,提升患者的生活质量。     

Primary headache and sleep disturbances in adolescents

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to assess sleep patterns and the prevalence of sleep problems in adolescents with primary headaches using a validated sleep screening instrument, as well as to test the association between headache and pain features and adolescent sleep behaviors. BACKGROUND: Sleep disturbance is a common complaint that has long been associated with primary headaches, but there exists limited evidence of the headache-sleep relationship among teens. METHODS: Sixty-nine adolescents aged 13 to 17 years (M= 14.7; SD= 1.4) were evaluated for headaches at 2 pediatric neurology departments (90% migraine; 10% tension-type headache diagnoses). Participants completed the School Sleep Habits Questionnaire and a standardized questionnaire regarding headache characteristics. RESULTS: Sleep complaints were prevalent among adolescents with headaches including insufficient total sleep (65.7%), daytime sleepiness (23.3%), difficulty falling asleep (40.6%), and night wakings (38%). Statistically significant relationships between headache characteristics (eg, frequency, pain intensity) and teen sleep behaviors also emerged. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide further support for an association between headache and sleep disturbances among adolescents with primary headaches. This information may provide further understanding of the nature and course of the patient's headache experience, as well as facilitate treatment planning to include recommendations for promoting good sleep hygiene.     

睡眠干预对提高睡眠——觉醒节律紊乱老年患者睡眠质量的影响

目的探讨睡眠干预对提高睡眠—觉醒节律紊乱老年患者睡眠质量的影响。方法对39例睡眠—觉醒节律紊乱老年患者实施睡眠干预。干预前后采用阿森斯(athens,AIS)失眠量表、爱泼沃斯思睡量表(epworth sleepiness scale,ESS)对患者睡眠—觉醒节律紊乱程度进行测评。结果干预后3个月,患者睡眠—觉醒紊乱程度较干预前改善,干预前后比较,Z=13.560,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论对睡眠—觉醒节律紊乱老年患者实施日间及夜间睡眠干预,可使其逐步建立正常睡眠—觉醒节律,从而提高患者睡眠质量,促进疾病的康复。