低场MRI对主动脉夹层的诊断价值

目的 探讨主动脉夹层在低场强MRI上的表现,以提高对本病的诊断.方法 通过8例经临床和MRI确诊的主动脉夹层的MRI表现进行回顾性分析.结果 本组病例符合De Baky分型Ⅰ型者4例,符合Ⅱ型者1例,符合Ⅲ型者3例,均能清晰显示主动脉夹层的真假腔及夹层的内膜片,具有诊断价值.结论 MRI为无创伤性的检查主动脉夹层的有效方法.     

The value of conventional MRI combined with 3D CE-MRA in diagnosing aortic dissection

目的:探讨常规MRI结合3D CE MRA对主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊断价值.方法:回顾分析40例主动脉夹层病例,均行常规MRI和3D CE MRA检查.结果:40例主动脉夹层动脉瘤,DeBaKey Ⅰ 型7例,DeBaKeyⅡ型8例,DeBaKey Ⅲ甲型2例.DeBaKeyⅢ乙型23例.本组40例均显示双腔征及内膜片,25例显示破口,13例假腔内血栓形成,16例伴少量胸腔积液.结论:常规MRI结合3D CE MRA对主动脉夹层动脉瘤的显示具有一定的敏感性和特异性,对主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊断有重要价值.     

彩色多普勒超声心动图在无痛性急性主动脉夹层诊断中的效果研究

目的:探究彩色多普勒超声心动图在无痛性急性主动脉夹层诊断中的效果,分析如何利用彩色多普勒超声心动图提高无痛性急性主动脉夹层的诊断率.方法:以我院收治的50例无痛性急性主动脉夹层患者为研究对象,对50例患者治疗期间的临床资料进行回顾性分析,分析并总结彩色多普勒超声心动图在诊断与治疗过程中的作用.结果:50例患者中,35例由彩色多普勒超声心动图确诊为无痛性急性主动脉夹层.其中,超声心动图对Ⅰ型主动脉夹层确诊率为93%,对Ⅱ型主动脉夹层的确诊率为87%,对Ⅲ型主动脉夹层确诊率为54%,总诊断检出率为70%.结论:彩色多普勒超声心动图在无痛性急性主动脉夹层诊断中具有较高的诊断检出率,对主动脉夹层患者的病情发现、病情诊断、预后判断都具有重要意义.     

超声心动图与CTA对主动脉夹层诊断价值的分析

目的探讨超声心动图及CTA对主动脉夹层的诊断价值。方法收集自2014年5月至2016年5月在我院经手术确诊的51例主动脉夹层病例,术前均做过超声心动图及CTA检查的病例进行分析,评价两种影像检查方法在主动脉夹层诊断中的价值。结果本组51例患者中,De BakeyⅠ型的病例有14例,De BakeyⅡ型的病例有4例,De BakeyⅢ型的病例有33例。超声心动图对所有病例的检出率是90.2%(46/51),而CTA对所有病例的检出率是96.1%(49/51),两者比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。超声心动图漏诊的5例病例中,1例是De BakeyⅠ型,4例是De BakeyⅢ型;CTA漏诊的2例病例均是De BakeyⅡ型的。结论心脏超声及CTA检查作为两个独立的检查手段对主动脉夹层的诊断具有非常重要的价值,在实际工作中将两者联合使用必将提高对主动脉夹层的诊断水平,为临床医生提供更为准确的治疗参考。     

主动脉夹层的CT影像诊断探讨

目的:探讨主动脉夹层实施CT诊断的影像学特征。方法:以我院收治的35例主动脉夹层患者作为研究对象,选用64排螺旋CT扫描仪进行常规扫描和增强扫描,判断临床分型,观察影像学特征和并发症。结果:35例患者中Ⅰ型11例(31.43%)、Ⅱ型4例(11.43%)、Ⅲ型20例(57.14%),累及肾动脉、腹腔干、肠系膜上动脉、肠系膜下动脉等,内膜破口可见率为88.6%。结论:CT诊断主动脉夹层具有较高的应用价值,能够明确临床分型、受累范围,为临床治疗、预后评价提供科学依据。     

低场强MRI对主动脉夹层的诊断

目的 探讨主动脉夹层在低场强MRI上的表现，以提高对本病的诊断。方法 通过12例经临床和MRI确诊的主动脉夹层的MRI表现进行回顾性分析。结果 本组病例符合DeBaky分型Ⅰ型者3例，符合Ⅱ型者1例，符合Ⅲ型者8例，均能清晰显示主动脉夹层的真假腔及夹层的内膜片，具有诊断价值。结论 MRI为无创伤性的检查主动脉夹层的有效方法．     

16排CT血管成像对主动脉夹层的诊断价值

目的探讨16排CT血管成像对主动脉夹层的诊断价值.方法选取本组2010年6月到2012年4月收治的主动脉夹层患者32例,均行16排CT扫描,并结合相关血管成像处理方法进行诊断.结果本组病例的主动脉夹层分型结果为:Ⅰ型9例(28.1%),Ⅱ型4例(12.5%),Ⅲ型19例(59.4%).在本组病例的16排CT平扫中,血管内膜钙化向腔内移位≥5mm者11例(34.3%).本组病例均行血管造影增强扫描,全部显示撕裂的内膜片,呈现线形低密度影,断层像上呈现弧形,二维重建像呈现直线状或螺旋状低密度线状影.结论在主动脉夹层患者的临床诊断中,16排CT血管成像技术的应用具有准确、快速、无创等优点,可以作为首选的诊断方法.     

彩色多普勒超声对主动脉夹层的诊断及临床意义

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声在诊断主动脉夹层中的临床应用价值。方法:对43例主动脉夹层患者进行了彩色多普勒超声检查。结果:彩色多普勒超声诊断率为83.7%(36/43)。按照Debakey分型本组36例主动脉夹层患者中Ⅰ型14例,Ⅱ型17例,Ⅲ型5例。结论:彩色多普勒超声能清晰显示剥离的内膜、剥离的范围及血流改变,并对主动脉夹层进行分型,具有重要的应用价值,可作为首选的诊断方法。     

彩色多普勒超声在急性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的应用

目的:总结9例急性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的超声诊断临床价值.方法:对应用彩色多普勒超声诊断的9例急性主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者进行总结分析.结果:De Bakey Ⅰ型3例,Ⅱ型1例,ⅢA型3例,ⅢB型2例,3例明确其破口,2例心包少量积液,2例主动脉瓣反流,均经增强CT扫描及血管造影证实.结论:彩色多普勒超声检查对急性主动脉夹层动脉瘤的诊断具有重要的临床价值.     

主动脉夹层的临床与超声表现

目的:探讨主动脉夹层的临床与超声表现,分析彩超对主动脉夹层的诊断价值。方法:应用彩超测量32例主动脉夹层动脉瘤并分析患者临床情况。结果:彩超准确诊断28例,诊断有效率87.5%,其中Ⅰ型15例,Ⅱ型4例,Ⅲa型5例,Ⅲb型4例。结论:彩色超声可以较好地显示主动脉夹层动脉瘤,具有操作简便、快捷、无创、可重复观察等特点,具有重要的临床应用价值。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.