Geriatric nutritional risk index as a predictor of arrhythmia recurrence after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

Background and aimsThe nutritional risk of patients who undergo atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation varies. Its impact on the recurrence after ablation is unclear. We sought to evaluate the relationship between the nutritional risk and arrhythmia recurrence in patients who undergo AF ablation.Methods and resultsWe enrolled 538 patients (median 67 years, 69.9% male) who underwent their first AF ablation. Their nutritional risk was evaluated using the pre-procedural geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), and the patients were classified into two groups: No-nutritional risk (GNRI ≧ 98) and Nutritional risk (GNRI < 98). The primary endpoint was a recurrence of an arrhythmia, and its relationship to the nutritional risk was evaluated. We used propensity-score matching to adjust for differences between patients with a GNRI-based nutritional risk and those without a nutritional risk. A nutritional risk was found in 10.6% of the patients, whereas the remaining 89.4% had no-nutritional risk. During a mean follow-up of 422 days, 91 patients experienced arrhythmia recurrences. The patients with a nutritional risk had a significantly higher arrhythmia recurrence rate both in the entire study cohort (Log-rank p = 0.001) and propensity-matched cohort (Log-rank p = 0.006). In a Cox proportional hazard analysis, the nutritional risk independently predicted arrhythmia recurrences in the entire study cohort (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.91, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.84–8.35, p < 0.001) and propensity-matched cohort (HR: 6.49, 95% CI: 1.42–29.8, p = 0.016).ConclusionA pre-procedural malnutrition risk was significantly associated with increased arrhythmia recurrences in patients who underwent AF ablation.     

心房颤动导管消融术后极晚期复发及其相关因素的研究

目的研究房颤导管消融术后极晚期复发患者的临床特点及极晚期复发的临床预测因素。方法对心房颤动导管消融治疗后的复发患者进行回顾性研究,分析其临床特征并总结出极晚期复发的临床预测因素。结果共计235例患者入选该研究,射频消融后平均随访(18.2±4.6)个月,12例(5.1%)患者出现极晚期复发。极晚期复发、晚期复发与无复发3组患者组间比较显示,持续性房颤、术中电复律比例、完全肺静脉隔离率以及早期复发发生率在3组间差异具有统计学意义。Logistic单因素分析显示,早期复发(OR9.223,95%CI2.087～30.409;P=0.002)、持续性房颤(OR4.799,95%CI1.152～12.777;P=0.028)与极晚期复发相关。Logistic多元回归分析显示,早期复发是极晚期复发的惟一临床预测指标(OR=7.798,95%CI1.893～38.249;P=0.005)。结论心房颤动射频消融术后极晚期复发并不常见,其发生与消融后早期复发相关。     

Body mass index, obstructive sleep apnea, and outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation

Background: Obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are associated with atrial fibrillation (AF). The effects of a large body mass index (BMI) and OSA on the results of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) of AF are unclear.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of BMI and OSA on the efficacy of RFA for AF.
Methods: RFA was performed in 324 consecutive patients (mean age = 57 ± 11 years) with paroxysmal (234) or chronic (90) AF. OSA was diagnosed by polysomnography in 32 of 324 patients (10%) prior to ablation. Among the 324 patients, 18% had a normal BMI (<25 kg/m²), 39% were overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² and <30 kg/m²), and 43% were obese (≥30 kg/m²). RFA was performed to eliminate complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) in the pulmonary vein antrum and left atrium.
Results: At 7 ± 4 months after a single ablation procedure, 63% of patients without OSA and 41% with OSA were free from recurrent AF without antiarrhythmic drug therapy (P = 0.02). Multivariate analysis including variables of age, gender, type and duration of AF, OSA, BMI, left atrial size, ejection fraction, and hypertension demonstrated that OSA was the strongest predictor of recurrent AF (OR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.11–8.32, P = 0.03). There was no association between BMI and freedom from recurrent AF. A serious complication occurred in 3 of 324 patients, with no relationship to BMI.
Conclusions: OSA is a predictor of recurrent AF after RFA independent of its association with BMI and left atrial size. Obesity does not appear to affect outcomes after radiofrequency catheter ablation of AF.     

Occult obstructive sleep apnea and clinical outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation

Journal of Interventional Cardiac Electrophysiology - Recurrent atrial fibrillation (AF) after successful cardioversion can be predicted by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnosed by...     

心房颤动导管消融术后早期复发的直流电复律临床分析

目的对心房颤动(简称房颤)导管消融术后1个月内复发行直流电复律的患者的临床特征进行前瞻性研究。方法丙泊酚镇静、禁食状态下,单向波同步电复律,电极板置于心尖-胸骨旁右侧,能量依次采用300,360,360J。结果共入选23例患者,年龄58±13岁,房颤病史6.8±5.0年,左房直径41.9±9.8mm,左室射血分数0.58±0.11。复发心律失常中12例为心房扑动,10例为房颤,1例为房性心动过速。共进行27次电复律,19次(70.4%)即刻复律成功,其中15次1次放电复律成功。1例复律后出现窦性心动过缓伴交界心律,1例丙泊酚镇静时出现呼吸暂停。随访8.5±3.7个月,52.2%的患者为窦性心律。即刻复律成功组其远期成功率为64.7%,即刻复律失败的远期均不成功,两组间有显著性差异(P=0.014)。1次放电即可成功者远期成功率为69.2%,需要多次放电的患者远期成功率为20.0%,两组间有显著性差异(P=0.036)。结论直流电复律可安全有效地用于房颤导管消融术后早期复发的患者,即刻电复律成功是远期成功的预测因素,复律时需要多次放电的远期成功率低。     

炎症与心房颤动导管消融的复发

目的:探讨炎症对心房颤动(房颤)导管消融复发的影响。方法:前瞻性入选第1次行环肺静脉消融的阵发性房颤患者144例,测定血清高敏C反应蛋白(CRP),根据CRP水平通过4分位法将病例分为4组,复发定义为术后3个月后发生快速性房性心律失常。结果:平均随访91～374(199±80)d,40例(27.8%)复发。复发组CRP为(3.8±5.8)mg/L,未复发组CRP为(4.2±4.7)mg/L,2组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。从CRP水平最低4分位组到CRP水平最高4分位组,复发率分别为33.3%,30.6%,25.0%,22.2%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:炎症标记物CRP对房颤导管消融的复发无预测价值。     

肥厚型心肌病合并心房颤动导管消融术后复发的相关因素分析

目的 探讨国人肥厚型心肌病(HCM)合并心房颤动(房颤)患者导管消融术的疗效及术后心律失常复发的危险因素.方法 纳入2005年6月至2013年6月在北京安贞医院行导管消融术的HCM合并房颤患者共40例(阵发性房颤27例,持续性房颤13例).阵发性房颤的消融策略为双侧环肺静脉隔离(PVI)持续性房颤的消融策略为PVI基础上加行左心房顶部、二尖瓣峡部和三尖瓣峡部线性消融.术后以常规心电图和长程心电图随访患者心律失常复发情况,用回归分析方法甄别与心律失常复发相关的危险因素并检测其预测效力.结果 单次消融术后随访(34±18)个月,窦性心律维持率为30％ (12/40),64.3％ (18/28)的心律失常复发出现在消融术后1年.Cox多因素分析显示左心房内径(LAD)和女性是术后快速房性心律失常复发的独立危险因素(LAD:HR=1.124,95％ CI1.051～1.202,P=0.001;女性:HR=3.304,95％CI1.397 ～7.817,P=0.007).其中LAD的截断值为43.5 mm时的预测敏感度为93.5％,特异度为60.0％;LAD每增加1 mm,心律失常复发的风险比为1.095(95％CI1.031～1.163,P=0.003).结论 HCM合并房颤行导管消融术虽安全可行,但单次手术后长期随访的窦性心律维持率较低,大部分心律失常复发出现在术后1年内,左心房内径增大和女性是术后复发的独立危险因素.     

Obstructive sleep apnoea risk profile and the risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation

Aims: The aim of this study was to identify the impact of obstructivesleep apnoea (OSA) on recurrence after catheter ablation ofparoxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods and results: One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive patients with paroxysmalAF who underwent index circumferential pulmonary vein (PV) isolationwere prospectively enrolled. The patients were divided intohigh risk (HR group) and low risk (LR group) for OSA group withBerlin questionnaire. Of the 178 patients, 104 (58.4%) werein the HR group and 74 (41.6%) were in the LR group. After amean follow-up of 344 ± 137 (91–572) days, 44 patients(24.7%) experienced recurrence, and the recurrence rate didnot differ between the HR (25.0%) and LR groups (24.3%, P =0.855). Cox analysis revealed that PV isolation was the onlyindependent predictor of recurrence (hazard ratio 5.11, 95%confidence interval 1.42–18.47, P = 0.013). There wasno significant difference in the incidence of complicationsbetween the HR and LR groups (2.9 vs. 1.9%, P = 0.729). Conclusion: The recurrence rate and incidence of complications did not differin patients with different risk profiles for OSA. The presenceof OSA should not lower the decision threshold to choose anablative procedure in paroxysmal AF.     

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征严重程度对射频消融术后心房颤动复发的影响

目的:观察不同程度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)对心房颤动射频消融效果的影响,并探讨OSAHS患者心房颤动复发的预测因素。方法:回顾性分析自2011年01月至2015年06月,在北京安贞医院行导管消融术并经多导睡眠监测诊断为OSAHS的心房颤动患者126例,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)分为轻度OSAHS组22例,中度OSAHS组47例,重度OSAHS组57例,比较各组患者基础资料及心房颤动复发率,对可能影响OSAHS患者术后心房颤动复发的因素行单因素分析和Logistic回归分析。结果:术后平均随访(16.5±14.3)个月,重度OSAHS患者心房颤动复发率为66.7%,明显高于轻度OSAHS患者复发率36.4%(P=0.014),但与中度OSAHS患者复发率57.4%差异无统计学意义(P=0.334)。经多因素二元Logistic回归分析显示,AHI(OR=1.04,95%CI:1.01~1.08,P=0.016)、体质量指数(BMI)(OR=1.12,95%CI:1.00~1.26,P=0.045)、冠心病病史(OR=4.38,95%CI:1.09~17.52,P=0.037)和左心室舒张末径(LVEDD)(OR=1.11,95%CI:1.03~1.20,P=0.006)是OSAHS患者心房颤动复发的预测因素。进一步校正左心房前后径(LAD),Logistic回归分析发现只有LAD是复发的独立预测因素(OR=1.30,95%CI:1.16~1.46,P0.0001)。结论:OSAHS严重程度与心房颤动射频消融术的复发相关,AHI、BMI、LAD、LVEDD和冠心病病史是影响OSAHS患者心房颤动导管消融复发的重要因素。     

Clinical outcome of very late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

INTRODUCTION: High recurrence rate is still a major problem associated with ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Most of the recurrences occur within 6 months after ablation. The characteristics of very late recurrent AF (>12 months after ablation) have not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS: Two hundred seven patients with drug-refractory AF underwent successful focal ablation or isolation of AF foci. After the first ablation procedure, Holter monitoring and event recorders were used to evaluate symptomatic recurrent AF. A second ablation procedure was recommended if the antiarrhythmic drugs could not control recurrent AF. During long-term follow-up (mean 30 +/- 11 months, up to 51 months), 70 patients had recurrent AF, including 13 patients (6%) with very late (>12 months) recurrent AF (group 1) and 57 patients (28%) with late (within 12 months after ablation) recurrent AF (group 2). Group 1 patients had a significantly lower incidence of multiple (> or = 2) AF foci (23% vs 63%, P = 0.02) than group 2 patients. In addition, the incidence of antiarrhythmic drugs use (38% vs 84%, P = 0.001) to maintain sinus rhythm after the first episode of recurrent AF was significantly lower in group 1 than group 2 patients, and the incidence of a second intervention procedure (8% vs 35%, P = 0.051) tended to be lower in group 1 than group 2 patients. CONCLUSION: The incidence of very late recurrent AF after ablation of paroxysmal AF is very low, and the clinical outcome of patients with very late recurrent AF is benign.     

高敏C反应蛋白能预测环肺静脉射频消融治疗后的心房颤动复发

目的探讨环肺静脉射频消融（CPVA）治疗心房颤动（房颤）患者消融术前血浆高敏C反应蛋白（hsCRP）浓度能否预测术后房颤复发。方法121例房颤患者接受单一术者进行的单次CPVA术,其中阵发性房颤77例,持续性房颤44例。房颤复发定义为随访期内心电图和／或24h动态心电图证实房颤发作持续时间≥30s。应用酶联免疫法测定血浆hsCRP浓度。结果在5～44（28±12）个月的随访中,单次CPVA术后房颤复发率为29．75％（36／121）,其中阵发性房颤为24．68％（19／77）,持续性房颤为38．6％（17／44）。房颤复发患者无论是阵发性房颤[（2．16±1．51）mg／L对（1．27±1．19）mg／L,P=0．028],还是持续性房颤[（2．59±1．52）mg／L对（1．45±1．32）mg／L,P=0．005],消融术前血浆hsCRP浓度均较高[（2．36±1．51）mg／L对（1．33±1．23）mg／L,P〈0．001]。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血浆hsCRP浓度升高与消融术后房颤复发有关,能独立预测房颤复发（P〈0．001）。结论CPVA术前血浆hsCRP浓度升高与术后房颤复发有关,可能是术后房颤复发的独立预测因素。     

术前血浆大内皮素-1水平对环肺静脉消融后心房颤动复发的预测作用

目的探讨环肺静脉射频消融(CPVA)治疗心房颤动(简称房颤)患者术前血浆大内皮素-1(big ET-1)浓度能否预测术后房颤复发。方法 119例房颤患者接受单一术者进行的单次CPVA手术,其中阵发性房颤75例,持续性房颤44例。房颤复发定义为随访期内心电图和/或24h动态心电图证实房颤发作持续时间≥30s。术前血浆big ET-1浓度测定应用酶联免疫吸附分析法测定。结果在28±12个月的随访中,CPVA术后房颤复发率为30.3%(36/119),其中阵发性房颤为25.3%(19/75),持续性房颤为38.6%(17/44)。房颤复发患者术前血浆bigET-1浓度升高明显(1.29±0.77fmol/ml vs 0.66±0.49fmol/ml,P<0.001),无论是阵发性房颤(1.30±0.69fmol/ml vs 0.61±0.40fmol/ml,P=0.001),还是持续性房颤(1.29±0.87fmol/ml vs 0.78±0.63fmol/ml,P=0.007)均升高。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:血浆bigET-1与消融后房颤复发有关,能独立预测房颤复发(P<0.001)。亚组分析显示:阵发性房颤患者血浆bigET-1浓度升高与消融后房颤复发有关(P=0.001);持续性房颤患者血浆bigET-1浓度升高不能预测CPVA术后房颤的复发。结论 CPVA术前血浆bigET-1水平升高可能是阵发性房颤术后房颤复发的预测因素。     

心房颤动射频消融术后复发危险因素的研究进展

心房颤动（房颤）是临床最常见的心律失常类型之一,给患者和社会带来沉重的生活和经济负担。尽管目前射频消融术已经成为房颤的重要治疗手段,但术后复发一直是医生面临的难题,也成为研究者关注的热点。本文总结了国内外有关房颤射频消融术后复发危险因素的最新研究进展。