灵芝孢子粉与子实体中三萜类化合物、多糖及重金属元素的含量比较

目的:比较灵芝孢子粉与子实体中三萜类化合物、多糖及重金属元素的含量差异。方法:采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法分析灵芝孢子粉和子实体样品中的三萜类化合物,用电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)技术对上述样品中5种重金属元素的含量进行测定,用蒽酮-硫酸法测定其中多糖的含量。结果:灵芝孢子粉和子实体中三萜类化合物的HPLC特征图谱差异明显;灵芝孢子粉中多糖的含量高于子实体中的含量;而重金属元素的含量二者没有显著差异。结论:本试验结果可为灵芝孢子粉与子实体药理作用的差异提供理论依据。     

Effect of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice

The effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PS) on renal complication in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice have been investigated in the present study. C57BL/6J mice were made diabetic by injection of streptozotocin and GL-PS (125 and 250 mg kg^- 1) was administered for 8 weeks. Body weight was monitored every week. Serum glucose, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride (TG) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were measured after 8 weeks of treatment. Glomerular size and mesangial matrix index were assayed by morphometric analysis. Renal expression of transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) were determined by immunochemistry. Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also evaluated. GL-PS was able to reduce the serum Cr and BUN levels and UAE compared with diabetic model mice in a dose-dependent manner. Increasing serum glucose and triglyceride levels in diabetic mice could also be lowered by GL-PS. Moreover, GL-PS had the capacity to improve the renal morphometric changes and oxidative stress state of diabetic mice. In summary, GL-PS can improve the metabolic abnormalities of diabetic mice and prevent or delay the progression of diabetic renal complications.     

Effect of polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum on streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice

The effects of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GL-PS) on renal complication in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice have been investigated in the present study. C57BL/6J mice were made diabetic by injection of streptozotocin and GL-PS (125 and 250 mg kg^? 1) was administered for 8 weeks. Body weight was monitored every week. Serum glucose, creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), triglyceride (TG) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were measured after 8 weeks of treatment. Glomerular size and mesangial matrix index were assayed by morphometric analysis. Renal expression of transforming growth factor-β₁ (TGF-β₁) were determined by immunochemistry. Renal malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were also evaluated. GL-PS was able to reduce the serum Cr and BUN levels and UAE compared with diabetic model mice in a dose-dependent manner. Increasing serum glucose and triglyceride levels in diabetic mice could also be lowered by GL-PS. Moreover, GL-PS had the capacity to improve the renal morphometric changes and oxidative stress state of diabetic mice. In summary, GL-PS can improve the metabolic abnormalities of diabetic mice and prevent or delay the progression of diabetic renal complications.     

丽水地产灵芝子实体与灵芝孢子粉中灵芝烯酸D、多糖及重金属元素的测定

摘 要 目的： 丽水地产灵芝子实体和灵芝孢子粉中三萜类化合物、多糖及重金属元素的含量测定。方法: 采用HPLC法测定样品中灵芝烯酸D含量及分析其他三萜类化合物,用蒽铜 硫酸比色法测定多糖含量,用原子吸收分光光度法测定2种重金属含量。结果: 灵芝子实体与灵芝孢子粉中三萜类化合物的HPLC特征图谱差异明显;灵芝孢子粉中多糖含量高于子实体;灵芝菌柄重金属含量较菌盖高,菌盖与孢子粉中重金属含量无明显差异。结论:本试验可为评价丽水地产灵芝子实体的质量及比较灵芝子实体与灵芝孢子粉的药效提供理论依据。     

段木栽培及袋栽灵芝多糖对体外培养小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的比较

目的 比较段木栽培灵芝多糖(wood-cultured Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, GL-PS-WC) 及袋栽灵芝多糖(bag-cultured Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides, GL-PS-BC)对体外培养小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖活性的影响,探讨袋栽灵芝多糖替代段木栽培灵芝多糖的可能性。 方法检测两种灵芝多糖对混合淋巴细胞培养(MLC)反应的影响;观察对刀豆蛋白A (Con A)、细菌脂多糖(LPS)诱导淋巴细胞增殖的影响以及对环孢素A (CsA)、丝裂霉素C(Mit C)、足叶乙苷(VP-16) 等抑制MLC反应的影响。结果当质量浓度为0.2～12.8 mg·L^-1时,两种灵芝多糖均可促进MLC反应,增强Con A或LPS诱导的淋巴细胞增殖,并拮抗CsA, Mit C或VP-16对MLC反应的抑制作用。未发现两种多糖之间有显著性差异。结论GL-PS-WC及GL-PS-BC对体外培养脾淋巴细胞的增殖活性有类似作用。     

灵芝多糖对体外树突状细胞诱导细胞毒性T-淋巴细胞的调节作用(英文)

目的:研究灵芝多糖(Gl-PS)在抗原提呈阶段对体外培养树突状细胞(DC)诱导特异性细胞毒性T-淋巴细胞(CTL)功能的调节及其机制。方法:体外培养小鼠骨髓来源DC经P815肿瘤细胞冻融抗原冲击致敏,并与不同浓度Gl-PS(0.8,3.2,或12.8 mg/L)共培养。成熟DC与脾淋巴细胞共培养诱导P815特异性CTL生成。第5天收集各组悬浮细胞及培养上清,采用乳酸脱氢酶法比较CTL特异性杀伤活性;RT-PCR法测定T扰素γ(IFNγ)及颗粒酶B mRNA在CTL的表达;ELISA或Western blot法检测IFNγ或颗粒酶B蛋白的表达。结果:3种浓度的Gl-PS均可增高培养上清中释放的LDH活性(P<0.01);增加CTL表达IFN7及颗粒酶B mRNA(IFNγ:Gl-PS 12.8 mg/L组与RPMI-1640组,P<0.05;颗粒酶B:P<0.01);促进CTL培养上清中IFNγ蛋白生成(P<0.05)以及CTL表达颗粒酶B蛋白(Gl-PS 12.8 mg/L组与RPMI-1640组,P<0.05)。结论:Gl-PS可在抗原提呈阶段促进P815肿瘤冻融抗原冲击致敏DC所诱导的特异性CTL的杀伤活性,其机制可能是通过IFNγ及颗粒酶B途径的调节。     

赤芝多糖肽GL-PP-3A的分离纯化和结构研究

分离纯化赤芝多糖肽，得到具有活性部位GL-PP-3A，对其进行结构分析。水提醇沉透析得赤芝多糖肽，经分级沉淀，Bio-Gel P-10柱色谱纯化得GL-PP-3A。经HPGPC、糖基组成、甲基化分析、 ¹H NMR和 ¹³C NMR等方法研究分析GL-PP-3A的结构。GL-PP-3A是以葡萄糖为主的杂多糖，含Rha、Xyl、Man、Gal、Glc糖残基和17种氨基酸。其M_w为1.7×10⁴；M_n为1.1×10⁴；M_w/M_n为1.49。M_p为1.3×10⁴。该多糖主链由1,6-或1,3-连接的β-D-Glcp构成，二者的比例约为2∶1，在部分1,6-连接的主链葡萄糖的2或3位有分支，分支的非还原末端均主要为β-D-Glcp,少量为鼠李糖，分支内部含有1～3个1,6-连接的β-D-Galp或1,3-连接的α-D-Manp。     

灵芝菌丝体多糖对K562细胞的抑制作用及免疫调节作用研究

目的研究灵芝菌丝体多糖（ganoderma lucidum mycelia polysaccharides,GLMP）对K562白血病细胞及小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞增殖的影响。方法 MTT法检测不同浓度GLMP对K562白血病细胞增殖及对小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞增殖的作用;血细胞计数方法绘制生长曲线。结果不同浓度的GLMP处理K562细胞48h后,50mg/L及以上浓度抑制率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,而且随浓度的增加抑制率增加。作用48h的IC50为270.2mg/L。生长曲线也表明随时间的延长和浓度的增加,细胞增殖能力下降。GLMP作用小鼠体外脾淋巴细胞48h后,在多糖浓度为50、100mg/L和25、50、100mg/L时能显著刺激静止性和激活型细胞的增殖。结论 GLMP可以抑制K562白血病细胞增殖而且具有免疫调节能力。     

灵芝孢子粉对癫痫大鼠皮质和海马区NMDAR1免疫反应影响的研究

目的:观察灵芝孢子粉对癫痫大鼠模型皮质和海马区NMDAR1含量及神经元形态学的影响,探索癫痫发病机制以及灵芝孢子粉对癫痫的干预作用.方法:采用戊四氮(PTZ)腹腔注射制作Wistar大鼠慢性点燃模型,并将其分为空白对照组、癫痫模型组和灵芝孢子粉干预组,点燃后断头取脑,行免疫组化染色观察NMDAR1含量的变化及神经元形态学的改变.结果:所有大鼠均达到癫痫模型点燃标准.使用灵芝孢子粉的中药干预组与癫痫模型组相比,脑内NMDAR1含量明显下降(P<0.05),同时神经元形态学改变明显好转.结论:灵芝孢子粉能够有效降低皮质和海马区兴奋性氨基酸受体NMDAR1的含量,使神经元兴奋性减弱,抑制癫痫的发作,从而减轻癫痫发作给神经系统带来的损伤, 以达到抗癫痫作用.所以灵芝孢子粉可能具有减轻痫性发作、保护神经元的作用.     

Therapeutic effects of nanogel containing triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (GLT) using therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) for frostbite in rats

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) on dermal delivery and therapeutic effect for frostbite of nanogel containing triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (GLT).

Methods: GLT nanosuspension (GLT-NS) was prepared by high pressure homogenization and then suitably gelled to obtain GLT nanogel. The effects of TUS on GLT releasing from GLT nanogel and GLT permeation through the excised rat abdominal skin were evaluated. Moreover, a comparative study was also undertaken between different treatments of frostbite in rats: topical application of GLT nanogel (alone), TUS (alone) and GLT nanogel?+?TUS (plus).

Results: In the in vitro release study, TUS has no influence on drug release from the nanogel. Results of the in vitro transdermal study indicated that TUS significantly increased the cumulative amount of GLT permeating across and into the skin and reduced the lag time in comparison with passive diffusion (without TUS). As evidenced by the significant increase of wound healing area and the improvement in frostbite, TUS applied with simultaneous treatment method could improve the therapeutic effect of the GLT nanogel for frostbite.

Conclusion: The present study revealed that the TUS can be effectively used to actively enhance topical delivery of GLT from nanogel and improve the therapeutic effect for frostbite in rats.     

树舌多糖的分离纯化、理化性质及抗炎镇痛活性研究

目的：分离纯化树舌多糖,获得均一多糖,并对其理化性质进行研究。对树舌多糖抗炎镇痛活性进行研究。方法：分离纯化采用DEAE离子交换色谱法和葡聚糖凝胶色谱法;纯度鉴定及分子量测定采用高效液相色谱法,示差折光检测器;单糖组成采用气相色谱质谱联用法测定。抗炎实验采用小鼠二甲苯性耳廓水肿法及大鼠角叉菜胶足肿胀法,镇痛实验采用小鼠醋酸扭体法。结果：获得三种均一多糖（GapsⅠ、GapsⅡ、GapsⅢ）,峰位分子量分别为6221、5535、3518D。红外光谱证实GapsⅢ结构中有β构型异头碳,核磁共振氢谱和碳谱均证实GapsⅢ结构中有α、β构型异头碳。树舌多糖明显减轻二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀和角叉菜致大鼠足肿胀,并减少小鼠扭体次数。结论：三种多糖分子量分布及单糖组成均不同,均主要由葡萄糖组成。     

Antioxidant activity and toxicity profile of total triterpenes isolated from Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) P. Karst occurring in South India

The total triterpene fraction isolated from Ganoderma lucidum, a highly nutritional and popular medicinal mushroom occurring in South India, was evaluated for its antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. Total triterpenes successfully scavenged DPPH(+), ABTS(+) and superoxide radicals, showed significant ferric reducing activity and was highly effective in reducing the in vitro lipid peroxidation. Activities of the antioxidant enzymes in blood and tissue were increased by the administration of total triterpenes to Swiss albino mice in vivo. The ability of total triterpenes to scavenge the free radicals and to enhance body's antioxidant defence systems indicates its potential use as an antioxidant. An attempt was also done to gauge the toxicity of total triterpenes using acute and sub acute study models in Swiss albino mice. The results showed that Ganoderma triterpenes did not possess significant toxicity. The findings thus reveal the possible therapeutic use of Ganoderma triterpenes.     

Ellagic acid, a natural polyphenol protects rat peripheral blood lymphocytes against nicotine-induced cellular and DNA damage in vitro: with the comparison of N-acetylcysteine

The present work is aimed at evaluating the protective effect of ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound that is widely distributed in fruits and nuts against nicotine-induced toxicity in rat peripheral blood lymphocytes. The effect of EA against nicotine toxicity was compared with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a well-known antioxidant. Lymphocytes were exposed to nicotine at the doses of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mM for 1h in culture media. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), a lipid peroxidative marker and reduced glutathione (GSH), as indicative of endogenous antioxidant status were analyzed to fix the optimum dose. The lowest concentration eliciting significant damage was 1 mM nicotine and maximum damage was observed with 3 mM concentration, as evidenced by increased levels of TBARS and decreased levels of GSH. Hence, the test concentration was fixed at 3 mM nicotine. To establish most effective protective support we used five different concentrations of EA (10, 50, 100, 150 and 300 microM) against 3 mM nicotine. A dose-dependent inhibitory effect was observed with all doses of EA. Maximum protection was observed at the dose of 100 microM EA. So, 100 microM dose was used for further studies. We have tested five different concentrations of NAC-0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mM to elucidate the optimum protective dose against nicotine toxicity. One millimolar NAC showed a significant protection against nicotine toxicity. Protective effect of EA against nicotine toxicity was elucidated by analyzing the lipid peroxidative index, viz., TBARS, hydroperoxides (HP) and endogenous antioxidant status, viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reduced glutathione (GSH), Vitamins A, E and C. DNA damage and repair were assessed by using alkaline single-cell microgel electrophoresis (Comet assay) and micronucleus assay. There was a significant increase in the levels of lipid peroxidative index, severity in DNA damage and micronuclei number in nicotine-treated group, which was positively modulated by EA treatment. Antioxidant status was significantly depleted in nicotine-treated group, which was effectively restored by EA treatment. The protection of EA against nicotine toxicity was equally effective to that of NAC. EA and NAC treatment alone did not produce any damage to the normal lymphocytes at their effective doses. These findings suggest the potential use and benefit of EA as a modifier of nicotine-induced genotoxicity.     

In vitro and in vivo reduction of sodium arsenite induced toxicity by aqueous garlic extract.

BACKGROUND: Arsenic is ubiquitous in the environment, and chronic or acute exposure through food and water as well as occupational sources can contribute to a well-defined spectrum of disease. Despite arsenic being a health hazard and a well-documented human carcinogen, a safe, effective and specific preventive or therapeutic measure for treating arsenic induced toxicity still eludes us. OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of aqueous garlic (Allium sativum L.) extract (AGE) in terms of normalization of altered biochemical parameters particularly indicative of oxidative stress following sodium arsenite (NaAsO(2)) exposure and depletion of inorganic arsenic burden, in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: AGE (2mg/ml) co-administered with 10 microM NaAsO(2) attenuated arsenite induced cytotoxicity, reduced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in human malignant melanoma cells (A375), human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT) and in cultured human normal dermal fibroblast cells. Moreover, AGE application in NaAsO(2) intoxicated Sprague-Dawley rats resulted in a marked inhibition of tissue lipid peroxide generation; enhanced level of total tissue sulfhydryl groups and glutathione; and also increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase to near normal. An increase in blood ROS level and myeloperoxidase activity in arsenic-intoxicated rats was effectively prevented by AGE administration. AGE was also able to counter arsenic mediated incongruity in blood hematological variables and glucose level. CONCLUSIONS: The restorative property of AGE was attributed to its antioxidant activity, chelating efficacy, and/or oxidizing capability of trivalent arsenic to its less toxic pentavalent form. Taken together, evidences indicate that AGE can be a potential protective regimen for arsenic mediated toxicity.     

Assessment in vitro of the genotoxicity,antigenotoxicity and antioxidant of Ceratonia siliqua L. extracts in murine leukaemia cells L1210 by comet assay

Genotoxicity of Ceratonia siliqua extracts, was investigated by assessing their capacity to induce nucleus DNA degradation of murine leukaemia cells L1210, using the “Comet assay”. The ability of total oligomer flavonoids (TOF) and aqueous extracts to protect cell DNA against oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂, was performed by pre- co or post-treatment of cells with the before mentioned extracts for different periods preceding exposure to H₂O₂ stress. No significant genotoxic effect was detected at different exposure times, except at the lowest concentration of TOF extract (16.25 μg/ml). It appears that extracts decreased DNA damage, induced by H₂O₂.Both of TOF and aqueous extracts exhibited cellular antioxidant capacity, with EC₅₀ values of respectively <16.25 and < 35 μg/ml, as well as, a protective capacity against lipidperoxidation inducing using L1210 cells line as a cellular model. MDA inhibition percentages reached 88.43% and 90.52% with respectively 35.5 μg/ml of TOF extract and 70 μg/ml of aqueous extract.Antioxidant properties of carob leaf extracts revealed by our study make a good antioxidant protection and thus a good candidate as food addition component.     

Oxidative damages in the DNA, lipids, and proteins of rats exposed to isofluranes and alcohols

DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation were evaluated in rats exposed to a 1% isoflurane atmosphere with or without alcohol administration (administrated by gastric intubation at 4 g/kg body weight as a 50% solution). Single cell gel electrophoresis assays were performed in order to evaluate DNA damage occurring in the lymphocytes, spleen, bone marrow, brain, livers and lung of rats exposed to 1% isoflurane for 30 or 60 min with/without ethanol. Levels of malondialdehydes (MDA), a metabolite of lipid peroxidation, were determined in plasma and tissues. Carbonyl contents were also analyzed to determine levels of protein oxidation in plasma and tissues.

Levels of DNA damage in lymphocytes, bone marrow, and the organ tissues of rats exposed to isoflurane were found to increase time dependently, and alcohol increased DNA damage. Lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation results showed patterns that differed from those of DNA damage. Levels of MDA in plasma, bone marrow, spleen, and the livers of rats exposed to isoflurane with/without ethanol were found to be time dependently increased, but this was not observed in the brain or lung.

However, protein oxidation levels were significantly increased in the plasma, brains, and lungs of rats exposed to isoflurane, and exposure to isoflurane and alcohol, significantly increased these levels in plasma and brain.

The present study demonstrates that isoflurane exposure results in significant DNA damage in rat lymphocytes, bone marrow, spleen, brain, livers, and lung. Moreover, alcohol was found to be as a strong inducer of DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation. However, no evidence in association between DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation was found. Regarding the effects of isoflurane and alcohol on oxidative damages, single strand DNA damages may be a useful biomarkers and blood cells and plasma appear to be more sensitive targets to oxidative damage than other tissues.     

Overexpression of HSP70 is induced by ionizing radiation in C3H 10T1/2 cells and protects from DNA damage

Various kinds of stress such as heat, UV, γ-rays and chemicals that cause DNA damage induce heat shock proteins (Hsps), and in particular Hsp70. The Hsps cytoprotective function is not fully understood, although these proteins act as molecular chaperones or modulators of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Recently, Hsps have been proposed to play a significant role in DNA repair after UV or γ-ray irradiation. Ionizing radiation targets DNA molecules either via direct interaction or via production of free radicals and ROS. When exposed to γ-rays C3H 10T1/2 cells are radiosensitive, therefore we decided to use them to investigate Hsp induction after ionizing radiation and their protective role against DNA damage. Here we demonstrate the induction of Hsps by γ-rays, and investigate the kinetics of expression after irradiation at different doses. We also show that Hsp70 overexpression acts as a radioprotective mechanism towards the first event of DNA damage and increases long term viability. A preliminary investigation on the cell cycle does not evidence a significant protective action of inducible Hsp70 on it.     

Glycoprotein isolated from Ulmus davidiana Nakai regulates expression of iNOS and COX-2 in vivo and in vitro.

This study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of a 116-kDa glycoprotein isolated from Ulmus davidiana Nakai (UDN glycoprotein, 116 kDa) in lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells and dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-treated A/J mouse. In LPS (1 microg/ml)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, we found that UDN glycoprotein has dose-dependent blocking effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducible nitric oxide (NO) production. In addition, the results obtained from electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and western blot analysis showed that UDN glycoprotein dose-dependently inhibits DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB), and activities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and manganese-superoxide dismutases (Mn-SOD) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Similar results after treatment with UDN glycoprotein were also brought in the DSS-stimulated A/J mouse colitis. The increased disease activity index (DAI) and the shortened large intestine in DSS (5%)-treated A/J mouse were normalized by treatment with UDN glycoprotein [40 mg/kg body weight (BW)]. These intestinal protective activities of UDN glycoprotein are caused by blockage of plasmic thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, nitric oxide (NO) production, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, accompanying the inhibition of colonic inflammatory signal mediators (NF-kappaB, iNOS, and COX-2). These results in this study were presumably come from anti-oxidative effect of UDN glycoprotein in either LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells or DSS-stimulated A/J mouse colitis. Therefore, we speculate that UDN glycoprotein has anti-inflammatory potential at the early inflammation stage.     

Stability of angiogenic agents, ginsenoside Rg1 and Re, isolated from Panax ginseng: in vitro and in vivo studies

The study was designed to investigate the stability of ginsenoside Rg(1) (Rg(1)) and Re (Re), two natural herbal compounds isolated from Panax ginseng, based on their activity to promote angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. After being treated at different temperatures, pHs, and solvent species for distinct durations, the remaining activities of Rg(1) and Re on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation, migration, and tube formation were examined in vitro. Additionally, the remaining activity of each treated test agent, mixed in a growth factor-reduced Matrigel, in stimulating angiogenesis was evaluated subcutaneously in a mouse model. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was used as a control. It was found in vitro that HUVEC proliferation, migration in a Transwell plate, and tube formation on Matrigel were all significantly enhanced in the presence of bFGF, Rg(1), or Re. However, after being treated at different temperatures, pHs, or solvent species, the remaining activity of bFGF on HUVEC behaviors reduced significantly. This observation was more significant with increasing the duration of treatment. In contrast, the activities of Rg(1) and Re remained unchanged throughout the entire course of the study. The in vivo results observed on day 7 after implantation showed that the blank control (Matrigel alone) was slightly vascularized. In contrast, the density of neo-vessels in the Matrigel plug mixed with bFGF, Rg(1), or Re was significantly enhanced. However, after being treated, the density of neo-vessels was significantly reduced in the Matrigel plug mixed with bFGF, while those of Rg(1) and Re remained unchanged. The aforementioned results suggested that Rg(1) and Re could be a novel group of nonpeptide angiogenic agents with a superior stability and may be used for the management of tissue regeneration.