七十味珍珠丸对脑损伤大鼠脑内单胺类神经递质的影响

通过对脑损伤大鼠脑内单胺类神经递质含量的测定,研究七十味珍珠丸治疗脑血管疾病的作用机理.ig给药后,制成脑损伤病理模型,采用荧光分光光度法检测脑内5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NA)、多巴胺(DA)含量.结果七十味珍珠丸显著降低脑损伤所致大鼠脑内5-HT,NA含量升高,对DA含量的抑制,也有一定作用趋势.     

七十味珍珠丸对脑损伤大鼠脑内单胺类神经递质的影响

目的 :通过对脑损伤大鼠脑内单胺类神经递质含量的测定 ,研究七十味珍珠丸 (RNSP)治疗脑血管疾病的作用机理。方法 :RNSP ig给药后 ,制成脑损伤病理模型 ,采用荧光分光光度法检测脑内 5 -羟色胺 (5 -HT)、去甲肾上腺素 (NA)、多巴胺(DA)含量。结果 :RNSP具有显著降低脑损伤所致大鼠脑内 5 -HT、NA含量升高的作用 (P<0 .0 5、P<0 .0 1) ,对 DA含量的抑制 ,也有一定的作用趋势 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论 :RNSP治疗脑血管疾病的作用机理 ,可能与它具有调节脑内单胺类神经递质的作用有关     

前胡提取物对抑郁症模型大鼠脑内中枢单胺类神经递质的影响研究

目的：研究前胡提取物中香豆素类化合物对抑郁症模型大鼠脑内中枢单胺类神经递质的影响。方法以孤养加慢性轻度不可预见性应激方法建立大鼠抑郁症模型,测定糖水消耗、敞箱行为及跳台行为来进行行为学评分,并采用高效液相－电化学方法检测其脑内单胺类神经递质的含量,观察模型大鼠给药前后的变化。结果抑郁症模型组大鼠体质量增长缓慢,蔗糖水消耗量明显下降,水平活动和垂直活动均显著下降,跳台错误次数增加,脑内的去甲肾上腺素、5－羟色胺含量降低（P＜0．05）。30mg／（kg? d）、50mg／（kg? d）剂量前胡提取物能显著改善模型大鼠的行为学变化,增加其脑内去甲肾上腺素、5－羟色胺含量（ P＜0．05）。结论前胡提取物中香豆素类化合物具有抗抑郁作用,对中枢单胺类神经递质的调节作用是其作用机制之一。     

毛细管电泳法分离分析去甲肾上腺素等单胺类神经递质及肾上腺素

利用毛细管电泳法分离去甲肾上腺素 ,5 -羟色胺以及多巴胺三种单胺类神经递质以及肾上腺素。采用自由区带电泳法 ,4 0mmol/L硼砂缓冲液 2 0PSI气压进样 5s,定电压 2 0KV分离 12min。结果显示四种物质完全分离     

镍对小鼠脑神经递质影响的实验研究

镍既是人体内的微量元素，又是环境污染物之一。大剂量镍可致癌、致畸、致突变，并引起机体多器官损伤。据报道可溶性镍盐动物急性毒性可致震颤、舞蹈症、瘫痪等神经系统症状及中枢神经系统水肿，但其详细机制不清。为了探讨镍致神经系统损伤的机制，我们检测脑神经递质多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素     

苯海索对大鼠脑内单胺递质含量的影响

苯海索对大鼠脑内单胺递质含量的影响何美霞１可君（河南医科大学药理学教研室，郑州４５００５２）帕金森氏病是锥体外系功能障碍引起的一种慢性进行性疾病，苯海索（ｔｒｉｈｅｘｙｐｈｅｎｉｄｙｌ）因具有中枢抗Ｍ－胆碱受体的作用，临床上曾用以治疗帕金森氏病．文献...     

安定身体依赖性小鼠脑内单胺类递质的研究

本研究以掺食法递增安定剂量，喂食５６ｄ，形成身体依赖性模型，观察对小鼠自主运动的影响。戒断后小鼠自主活动增加，２４ｈ时戒断组自主流动显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），并测定戒断后小鼠脑内单胺类递质水平，去早肾上腺素（ＮＥ）变化不明显；多巴胺（ＤＡ）在戒断后２４ｈ达２．３５ｕｇ·ｇ－１±ｓ０．４０ｕｇ·ｇ－１脑组织，明显高于喂食安定７ｄ组（１．９３ｕｇ·ｇ－１±ｓ０．２５ｕｇ·ｇ－１）（Ｐ＜０．０５）．５－羟色胺（５—ＨＴ）下降．至２４ｈ时达最低点，而其代谢物５－羟吲哚乙酸（５－ＨＩＡＡ）则升高，与５－ＨＴ变化呈负相关（ｒ＝－０７８８０）     

HPLC-ECD法测定大鼠脑组织中单胺类神经递质的含量

目的:建立测定大鼠脑组织中的单胺类神经递质含量的方法。方法:采用高效液相色谱-电化学法,以2,5-二羟基苯甲酸为内标,测定大鼠大脑皮层、小脑、海马组织、下丘脑、嗅球中以去甲肾上腺素(NE)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)为代表的单胺类神经递质的含量。色谱柱为DIKMAC18,流动相为缓冲盐溶液(醋酸钠、庚烷磺酸钠、乙二胺四乙酸二钠和柠檬酸)-甲醇(梯度洗脱),流速为1.0 ml/min,工作电压为+0.7 V。结果:NE、5-HT的检测质量浓度线性范围分别为0.084⁴.2μg/ml(r=0.999 9)和0.0054.2μg/ml(r=0.999 9)和0.005⁰.25μg/ml(r=0.999 1),平均加样回收率分别为98.85%(RSD=2.89%,n=3)和101.5%(RSD=2.41%,n=3),日内(n=5)和日间(n=3)RSD均不大于3%;NE在小脑中的含量最低[(0.343±0.14)mg/g],在下丘脑中含量最高[(3.062±1.51)mg/g];5-HT在小脑中的含量最低[(0.059±0.04)mg/g],在大脑皮层中含量最高[(0.383±0.21)mg/g]。结论:本方法灵敏、简便、快速,可用于大鼠脑组织中NE、5-HT含量的测定。     

褪黑素对大鼠脑内β-内啡肽、去甲肾上腺素和5-羟色胺释放的影响

目的　观察褪黑素(MLT)对大鼠脑内β-内啡肽(β-Ep)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)及5-羟色胺(5-HT)释放的影响,以探讨MLT镇痛作用机制。方法　结合痛阈测定,放免测定第三脑室推挽灌流液中β-Ep样免疫活性物质(ir-βEp)含量;高效液相色谱法测定脑内微透析液中NE和5-HT的代谢产物。结果　ipMLT110mg·kg^-1可显著增加第三脑室灌流液中ir-βEp含量,同时显著提高大鼠痛阈;但对中脑导水管周围灰质(PAG)、下丘脑微透析液中3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇、5-羟吲哚乙酸含量无显著影响。结论　MLT可促进脑内β-Ep的释放,可能是其镇痛作用的机制之一;MLT的镇痛作用与PAG、下丘脑内NE、5-HT的释放可能无关。     

Regional distribution of metals and biogenic amines in the brain of monkeys exposed to manganese

Manganese chloride (20 mg/kg/day) was administered orally to male Rhesus monkeys. The levels of copper, calcium, manganese and biogenic amines m different regions of brain were determined after 18 months of manganese exposure. The levels of manganese were increased above control values in the cerebral cortex, cerebellum, diencephalon, corpus striatum, mid-brain and pons, but not in the medulla oblongata. Copper was increased only in the pons and medulla oblongata while calcium declined in pons, medulla oblongata and corpus striatum. Alterations in copper and calcium did not appear to be related to the altered metabolism of catecholamines in the brain.     

雌激素对卒中后抑郁大鼠血清单胺类递质的影响

目的:探讨雌激素对卒中后抑郁(PSD)大鼠的血清单胺类递质的影响。方法:选用雌性SD大鼠,经Open-Field行为学评分后随机分成对照组、卒中组、PSD组、药物治疗组和雌激素干预组,所有大鼠均行卵巢切除术。对照组为常规饲养;卒中组去卵巢后7d采用线栓法制备局灶性脑缺血大鼠模型;PSD组为卒中大鼠结合孤养、束缚应激制备PSD大鼠模型;药物治疗组对PSD大鼠模型行帕罗西汀灌胃治疗;雌激素干预组对PSD大鼠模型皮下包埋雌激素释放管。观察雌激素对PSD大鼠自发性行为和外周血去甲肾上腺素(NE)和5-羟色胺(5-HT)的影响。结果:与对照组比较,PSD组大鼠旷场实验水平和垂直得分明显减少,外周血NE和5-HT浓度明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与PSD组比较,雌激素干预组大鼠旷场实验得分增加,外周血5-HT和NE浓度明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与药物治疗组相较,雌激素干预组大鼠旷场实验得分、外周血5-HT浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:雌激素能够改善PSD大鼠的行为学、增加血清5-HT浓度,提示对PSD大鼠有脑保护作用。     

Effects of amino acid alterations caused by protein synthesis inhibitors on brain monoamine formation

Cerebral amino acid concentrations in mice were determined following in vivo treatment with cycloheximide and anisomycin. Synaptosomes from untreated mice were then exposed to concentrations of amino acids designed to simulate the conditions existing extraneuronally following in vivo drug treatment. The synthesis of [³H]norepinephrine, [³H]dopamine and [³H]5-hydroxytryptamine from their labelled amino acid precursors was determined, as well as the accumulation of the precursors by the synaptosomes. Although the synthesis of both [³H]dopamine and [³H]norepinephrine was decreased below expected values predicted from samples in which only tyrosine was altered to represent the concentrations following drug treatment, it was not decreased significantly below control levels. Synthesis of [³H]5-hydroxytryptamine was increased in the presence of amino acid mixtures simulating drug treatment. The results suggest that alteration of amino acid levels is not involved in the inhibition of brain monoamine synthesis caused by these protein synthesis inhibitors.     

Effects of toluene inhalation on brain biogenic amines in the rat

The effects of toluene exposure on the biogenic amine concentrations in the central nervous system were investigated in the rat. Toluene was administered via inhalation to groups of rats at concentrations of 0, l00, 300, or 1000 ppm. After an 8-h continuous exposure, animals were sacrificed and whole brain concentrations of dopamine (DA), norepinephrine (NE), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were determined. The data indicated a significant increase in whole brain concentrations of DA following the 100-ppm exposure. A regional analysis of DA, NE, and 5-HT concentrations in rats exposed to 1000 ppm of toluene for 8-h indicated a significant increase in DA concentration in the striatum. A significant increase in NE concentrations was detected in the medulla and midbrain while 5-HT concentrations were significantly increase in the cerebellum, medulla, and striatum. The results indicate that toluene action results in elevated concentrations of behaviorally significant neuro-transmitters.     

A decrease in brain catecholamines prevents oxiracetam antagonism of the effects of scopolamine on memory and brain acetylcholine

The effect of oxiracetam on passive avoidance conditioned response and acetylcholine (ACh) levels in rats with selective lesions of the central monoaminergic pathways was investigated. The lesions were followed by a marked decrease in cortical serotonin (-88%), noradrenaline (-54%) and striatal dopamine (-57%) levels, while neither the performance of a passive avoidance conditioned response nor brain ACh levels were affected. Scopolamine (hyoscine) administration (0.63 mg/kg, s.c.) to lesioned rats exerted the expected amnesic effect, associated with a decrease in hippocampal, cortical and striatal ACh levels. In the rats with degeneration of dopaminergic and noradrenergic but not serotoninergic pathways, oxiracetam (50 and 100 mg/kg, s.c.) was unable to prevent both amnesia and the decrease in brain ACh levels caused by scopolamine. The effect of oxiracetam was prevented by haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg, s.c.). Our findings support the hypothesis that an interaction between monoaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter systems may be involved in the actions of nootropic drugs on cognitive functions.     

Effect of nickel on aromatic amino acids and biogenic amines in brain of guinea pigs

Nickel chloride was administered daily for 60 days to male guinea pigs. The levels of tyrosine and tryptophan were increased in both serum and brain after this treatment. Brain dopamine levels increased by 18%, but norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and their metabolites did not show significant change. The increased level of dopamine induced by nickel may be of significance in view of evidence that metal ions play a rôle in the metabolism of brain biogenic amines.     

尼莫地平对蛛网膜下腔出血后脑皮质内单胺递质含量的影响

采用实验性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）大鼠模型,以荧光分光光度法研究尼莫地平(Nim)对SAH后脑皮质内去甲肾上腺素（NE）,多巴胺（DA）,5-羟色胺（5-HT）和5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）等水平的影响. 结果显示,SAH后48 h脑皮质内NE,5-HT和5-HIAA的水平均显著升高,Nim(1.0 mg·kg^-1 ip,术前1 h开始注射,每6 h重复1次,共计9次)可明显降低SAH后脑皮质内NE,5-HT和5-HIAA的水平;DA的水平均无明显变化．结果说明Nim可有效改善SAH后脑皮质内单胺递质的代谢紊乱.     

Effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia on heart rate variability in conscious rats

To examine the effect of chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (CIHH) on heart rate variability (HRV), male adult Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to hypoxia (oxygen 11.1%) in a hypobaric chamber for 42 days, 6 hours each day, simulating an altitude of 5000 m. The body weight and blood pressure of rats were recorded once a week, electrocardiograms were analyzed continuously using biotelemetry, before, during and after CIHH treatment each day, and HRV was evaluated using spectrum analysis. No significant difference of body weight and blood pressure was found between CIHH and control rats. After 4 weeks of CIHH treatment, total power (TP) and very low-frequency component (VLF) were lower in CIHH rats than in control rats under hypobaric hypoxia condition. During CIHH treatment, low frequency (LF) was higher in 1 week and lower in 5–6 weeks in CIHH rats than control rats under hypobaric hypoxia, but not normoxic conditions. The high-frequency component (HF) was not changed during CIHH treatment, so LF/HF increased initially, and then recovered under the hypobaric hypoxia condition following 3 weeks of CIHH treatment. In addition, the HR was increased in CIHH rats after 4 weeks of CIHH treatment compared with control rats. Furthermore, HRV was altered significantly in control rats, but not in CIHH rats exposed to acute normobaric hypoxia. These data suggest that CIHH treatment modulates cardiac autonomic activity adaptively and inhibits the acute normobaric hypoxia-induced changes in HRV.     

慢性间断性低氧对大鼠肝脏细胞色素P450的影响

目的观察慢性间断性低氧对大鼠肝脏P450同工酶的影响。方法♂SD大鼠随机分为对照组和实验组,实验组分别低氧3、7、14、28d。采用酶法测定血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和天冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)活性,分光光度法测定大鼠肝微粒体红霉素N-脱甲基酶(ERD)、苯胺羟化酶(ANH)活性,半定量逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)检测大鼠肝脏细胞色素P4503A2、2E1的mRNA表达水平。结果慢性间断性低氧对血清ALT和AST活性无明显影响;低氧7d后,大鼠肝脏ERD和ANH活性明显升高,28d时诱导率分别为155·5%和42·2%;同时CYP3A2和CYP2E1mR-NA的表达水平,也分别增加了220·5%和102·8%。结论慢性间断性低氧能明显增加大鼠肝脏ERD(CYP3A2)和ANH(CYP2E1)活性,其机制可能与其在转录水平上提高肝脏CYP3A2和CYP2E1的基因表达水平有关。