Anticancer effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs against cancer cells and cancer stem cells

Certain non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to have anticancer effects. However, it is unclear whether all NSAIDs have anticancer effects, and thus far, very few studies have compared the antitumor effects among multiple NSAIDs. Therefore, we aimed to identify NSAIDs that enhance the anticancer effect of cisplatin (CDDP); the effects of 17 NSAIDs in lung cancer cells and their spheroids as cancer stem cells (CSCs) were evaluated. Some of the NSAIDs showed cytotoxic effects against A549 and SBC-3 cells and their CDDP-resistant cell lines (A549/DDP and SBC-3/DDP cells, respectively). In addition, co-addition of CDDP and celecoxib, which showed cytotoxic effects, increased the resistance to CDDP by increasing SLC7A11, which is one of the CDDP resistance mechanisms, in A549/DDP and SBC-3/DDP cells. On the other hand, celecoxib also showed antitumor effects on the spheroids of A549/DDP and SBC-3/DDP cells, and enhanced the antitumor effect of CDDP while increasing the mRNA levels of SLC7A11. Moreover, diclofenac was also cytotoxic and enhanced the cytotoxic effect of CDDP in cancer cells and CSCs. In conclusion, some NSAIDs including celecoxib and diclofenac may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of CDDP.     

γH2AX对肺癌放射敏感性的预测效果*

【摘要】目的 探讨人肺癌细胞受照后γH2AX表达量变化与肺癌细胞放射敏感性之间的关系。方法 选择肺腺癌A549和小细胞肺癌SBC-3细胞株,采用细胞克隆形成实验检测经不同剂量（0、2、4、6、8、10Gy）照射后A549 和SBC-3细胞的克隆形成率,并绘制细胞生存曲线;应用Western blot检测经2Gy放射剂量照射后不同时间点（0 min、30min、1h、2h、6h、12h、24h、36h、48h）的细胞中γH2AX蛋白表达量。分析γH2AX蛋白表达量变化与肿瘤细胞放射敏感性的相关性。结果 小细胞肺癌SBC-3细胞的放射敏感性明显高于肺腺癌A549细胞。两种细胞受照后1h和6h,γH2AX的表达量均与肿瘤细胞的平均致死剂量（D0）相关。结论 γH2AX可以作为肺癌细胞放射敏感性的一个预测指标。     

全反式维甲酸联合阿司匹林对体外抑制肺腺癌细胞株A549增殖和促凋亡的作用及其机制

目的：观察全反式维甲酸（ATRA）联合阿司匹林（ASA）体外抑制肺癌A549细胞增殖,促凋亡作用和机制。方法：体外培养人肺腺癌A549细胞,5,10 μmol·L^-1的ATRA单独及分别联合5,10 μmol·L^-1的ASA进行干预48 h、72 h后,MTT法检测细胞增殖抑制率;TUNEL法观测药物作用48 h后细胞凋亡状态;RT-PCR法检测药物作用后肺腺癌A549细胞COX-2 mRNA的表达;Western blot法检测凋亡相关因子Bax、Bcl-2、COX-2和caspase-3蛋白的表达。结果： ATRA与ASA联用对A549增殖具有协同作用;TUNEL法结果显示ATRA可诱导A549细胞凋亡,与ASA联用凋亡率显著升高（P<0.05）;RT-PCR显示A579细胞中COX-2 mRNA呈现高表达状态,ASA可下调COX-2表达,ATRA无此作用;Western blot结果显示ATRA和ASA协同作用使A549细胞中Bcl-2、COX-2蛋白表达受到抑制,Bax蛋白表达增加,Bcl-2/Bax值降低,对凋亡通路的影响大于单药作用（P<0.05）。结论： ASA联合ATRA可协同抑制肺腺癌细胞A549的增殖及以及促进其发生凋亡,其作用机制可能是ASA通过抑制COX-2蛋白表达,与ATRA共同通过Bcl/caspase通路诱导肿瘤凋亡实现的。     

Cell death-inducing activity by gallic acid derivatives.

In this study, the cytotoxic activity of gallic acid derivatives (GDs) was studied using some cancer cell lines. Among them, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate (GD-1) and S-(3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-thiobenzoate (GD-3) were found to induce cell death in cancer cell lines with IC50s ranging from 2.9 to 114.4 microM, a concentration comparable with or lower than that of gallic acid. On the other hand, although gallic acid did not show any cytotoxicity against primary cultured rat hepatocytes and human keratinocytes, GD-1 and -3 showed slightly higher sensitivity against such normal cells, when compared with gallic acid. The cell death induced by gallic acid and GD-1 was accompanied by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation characteristic of apoptosis, whereas only smear DNA degradation was detected following GD-3 treatment. When the mechanism by which GD-1 and -3 caused cell death in HL-60RG cells was examined, GD-1 and -3-induced cell death was inhibited by the intracellular Ca2+ chelator, bis-(o-aminophenoxy)-N,N,N,N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), calmodulin inhibitor, W-7, and the Ca2+/Mg2+ -dependent endonuclease inhibitor zinc sulfate. In contrast, catalase, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and ascorbic acid inhibited gallic acid-induced apoptosis in HL-60RG cells, whereas they had no effect on GD-1- and -3-induced cell death. This result suggests that GD-1 and -3 induced cell death in a different manner to gallic acid. In conclusion, esterification of gallic acid with a 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl group yielded potent agents to treat cancer with a different signaling pathway from gallic acid, although selectivity was lost.     

Effect of glutathione combined with cisplatin and oxaliplatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of lung carcinoma cell line

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is generally administered for patients with cancer to reduce the side-effects of anti-cancer drugs. However, whether its protective effects interfere with anti-carcinogenicity is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exogenous GSH on effects of oxaliplatin (L-OHP) or cisplatin (CDDP) by observing the proliferation and apoptosis of lung carcinoma cell line A549. Cell proliferation was evaluated by sulforhodamine-B assay and morphological changes were observed by an inverted microscope. Cell cycle distribution and apoptosis rate were observed by flow cytometry (FCM). Results showed that GSH did not change the inhibiting effects of L-OHP and CDDP on A549 proliferation, and did not reduce the apoptosis induced by CDDP. The FCM analysis showed the GSH combined with the CDDP group had fewer cells in the S-phase and had an apoptotic peak, which was not significantly different from that of the CDDP alone group (p?>?0.05). These results indicated that GSH does not reduce the effects of L-OHP and CDDP to inhibit A549 growth in vitro, and doesn’t affect the apoptosis induced by CDDP.     

Anti-tumor effect of gallic acid on LL-2 lung cancer cells transplanted in mice.

We previously reported that gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid), a naturally occurring plant phenol, can induce apoptosis in four kinds of human lung cancer cell lines in vitro. The present study further investigated the in vivo anti-tumor effects of orally administered gallic acid. Gallic acid reduced cell viability of LL-2 mouse lung cancer cells in vitro dose dependently, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of around 200 microM. C57Black mice were transplanted with LL-2 cells, and administered gallic acid (1 mg/ml in drinking water, ad libitum) and/or cisplatin (4 mg/kg i.p. injection, once a week). The average weight of the transplanted tumors, obtained at 29 days after transplantation, in the mice of control, gallic acid-treated cisplatin-treated and cisplatin plus gallic acid-treated groups was 4.02, 3.65, 3.19 and 1.72 g, respectively. The average tumor weight of the mice treated with cisplatin combined with gallic acid was significantly smaller than that of the control group (p<0.05). The amount of apoptotic cells in the tumor tissues of mice treated with gallic acid and/or cisplatin was significantly higher than those of the control mice. Combination of gallic acid and cisplatin increased the tumor cell apoptosis compared with the treatment with cisplatin alone. The present findings suggest that the combination of gallic acid with an anti-cancer drug, including cisplatin, may be an effective protocol for lung cancer therapy.     

Accumulation and photodynamic activity of chlorin e6 in cisplatin-resistant human lung cancer cells

Cisplatin or cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) is one of the most potent anticancer drugs, but the emergence of acquired resistance to CDDP is a major problem in clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the cellular accumulation and photodynamic activity of chlorin e6, a photosensitizer, in human lung cancer A549 cell line and its CDDP-resistant subline. First, we established the CDDP-resistant (A549/CDDP) cell subline with fourfold greater half-maximal inhibitory concentration value of CDDP on cell growth than that of the parent A549 cells. The cellular accumulation of chlorin e6 was temperature sensitive, and there were no significant differences in chlorin e6 accumulation between the two cell lines. The mRNA expression levels of ABCC1, ABCC2, and ABCG2 in A549/CDDP cells were comparable to those in A549 cells, whereas ABCB1 mRNA level was significantly higher in A549/CDDP cells than in A549 cells. In consistent with chlorin e6 accumulation, chlorin e6-mediated photodynamic activity on A549/CDDP cells was similar to that on A549 cells, whereas no cytotoxicity was observed when these cell lines were kept in dark. Our observations suggest that CDDP resistance has no significant influence on accumulation and photodynamic activity of chlorin e6 in A549 cells.     

microRNA-21促进人肺腺癌细胞A549对顺铂耐药性的研究

目的 研究microRNA-21(miR-21)对人肺腺癌细胞A549对于顺铂耐药性的影响及分子机制.方法 MTT法检测A549和顺铂耐药株A549/CDDP对于顺铂的敏感性,以及在A549细胞中过表达miR-21和在A549/CDDP细胞中抑制miR-21表达后对顺铂敏感性的影响;RT-PCR方法检测A549和A549/CDDP中miR-21表达情况;Western blotting检测PI3K/AKT,核因子-κB (NF-κB)信号通路的激活情况以及在过表达miR-21和抑制miR-21表达后细胞中AKT信号通路的活性变化情况.结果 相对于A549细胞,A549/CDDP对顺铂的敏感性有明显降低,而细胞中miR-21表达则明显增多.Western blotting结果表明:与A549细胞相比,A549/CDDP细胞PI3K/AKT通路被激活,NF-κB通路没有明显变化.过表达miR-21可以激活PI3K/AKT信号通路并提高A549细胞对顺铂的耐药性,相反地,抑制miR-21表达抑制了A549/CDDP细胞中的AKT通路的活化情况并降低了A549/CDDP细胞对顺铂的耐药性.结论 miR-21可以促进肺癌细胞A549对顺铂的耐药性,其机制与PI3K/AKT信号通路的激活有关.     

siRNA 靶向沉默 Lipocalin-2基因增加人肺癌 A549细胞对顺铂的敏感性

目的：利用针对 Lipocalin-2的小干扰 RNA（siRNA）沉默人肺癌 A549细胞中 Lipocalin-2基因表达,观察其对顺铂化疗敏感性的影响。方法分别采用免疫组织化学 SP 法和 Western blot 检测 Lipocalin-2在肺癌组织和3种肺癌细胞株（A549、NCI-H661、NCI-H446）中的表达情况。设计并构建靶向 Lipocalin-2的 siRNA 转染 A549细胞,采用Real-time PCR 和 Western blot 检测转染效率。MTT 法检测顺铂处理后细胞存活率及半数抑制浓度（IC50）。流式细胞术检测顺铂处理后细胞凋亡率。结果 Lipocalin-2蛋白在肺癌组织和肺癌 A549、NCI-H661、NCI-H446细胞中均异常高表达（ P ＜0.05）。siRNA-Lipocalin-2转染 A549细胞能在 mRNA 和蛋白水平显著抑制 Lipocalin-2表达,同时顺铂诱导的细胞存活率显著降低,凋亡率显著增高（ P ＜0.05）。结论利用特异性 siRNA 能有效抑制人肺癌 A549细胞中Lipocalin-2 mRNA 和蛋白表达,增强细胞对顺铂的敏感性。     

Toona sinensis extracts induces apoptosis via reactive oxygen species in human premyelocytic leukemia cells

Toona sinensis (T. sinensis), well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicine, has been shown to exhibit antioxidant effects. In this study, therefore, the ability of T. sinensis to induce apoptosis was studied in cultured human premyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Treatment of the HL-60 cells with a variety of concentrations of the aqueous extracts of T. sinensis (TS extracts) (10–75 μg/ml) and gallic acid (5–10 μg/ml), the natural phenolic components purified from TS extracts, resulted in dose- and time-dependent sequences of events marked by apoptosis, as shown by loss of cell viability and internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Furthermore, apoptosis in the HL-60 cells was accompanied by the release of cytochrome c, caspase 3 activation and specific proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). This increase in TS extracts- and gallic acid-induced apoptosis was also associated with a reduction in the levels of Bcl-2, a potent cell-death inhibitor, and an increase in those of the Bax protein, which heterodimerizes with and thereby inhibits Bcl-2. Interestingly, TS extracts- and gallic acid-induced dose-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in HL-60 cells. We found that catalase significantly decreased TS extracts- or gallic acid-induced cytotoxicity, DNA fragmentation, and ROS production, however, slight reduction was observed with vitamins C and E. Our results indicate that TS extracts- or gallic acid-induced HL-60 apoptotic cell death could be due to the generation of ROS, especially H₂O₂. The data suggest that T. sinensis exerts antiproliferative action and growth inhibition on HL-60 cells through apoptosis induction, and, therefore, that it may have anticancer properties valuable for application in food and drug products.     

Gallic Acid Hindered Lung Cancer Progression by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in A549 Lung Cancer Cells via PI3K/Akt Pathway

This study elucidates the anti-cancer potential of gallic acid (GA) as a promising therapeutic agent that exerts its effect by regulating the PI3K/Akt pathway. To prove our research rationale, we used diverse experimental methods such as cell viability assay, colony formation assay, tumor spheroid formation assay, cell cycle analysis, TUNEL assay, Western blot analysis, xenograft mouse model and histological analysis. Treatment with GA inhibited cell proliferation in dose-dependent manner as measured by cell viability assay at 48 h. GA and cisplatin (CDDP) also inhibited colony formation and tumor spheroid formation. In addition, GA and CDDP induced apoptosis, as determined by the distribution of early and late apoptotic cells and DNA fragmentation. Western blot analysis revealed that inhibition of the PI3K/Akt pathway induced upregulation of p53 (tumor suppressor protein), which in turn regulated cell cycle related proteins such as p21, p27, Cyclin D1 and E1, and intrinsic apoptotic proteins such as Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3. The anti-cancer effect of GA was further confirmed in an in vivo mouse model. Intraperitoneal injection with GA for 4 weeks in an A549-derived tumor xenograft model reduced the size of tumor mass. Injection of them downregulated the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p-Akt, but upregulated the expression of cleaved caspase-3 in tumor tissues. Taken together, these results indicated that GA hindered lung cancer progression by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, suggesting that GA would be a potential therapeutic agent against non-small cell lung cancer.     

苦参碱对人肺癌A549细胞增殖、侵袭和血管生成的抑制作用及其机制研究

目的探讨苦参碱对肺癌A549细胞增殖、侵袭和血管生成抑制作用以及其作用机制。方法不同浓度苦参碱组加入到A549人肺癌细胞株中,利用ELISA法研究了苦参碱对EGFR-TPK的抑制作用,利用MTT法测定苦参碱对A549细胞的抑制作用,Transwell法检测苦参碱对肺癌A549细胞侵袭的抑制作用,酶标仪法检测苦参碱对细胞凋亡蛋白caspase 3活性的影响,Western blotting法检测苦参碱存在下A549中VEGF、HIF-1α的表达。结果苦参碱对EGFR-TPK半数抑制率为11.26±1.02μmol/L,对肺癌A549细胞生长IC50为30.45±3.02μmol/L,都具有良好的抑制能力,但对于MRC-5细胞表现了较低的毒性;苦参碱与对照组相比能够诱导肿瘤细胞穿过人工基底膜的数量减少,差异有显著性(P0.05);与对照组比较,苦参碱能显著提高A549中凋亡蛋白caspase 3活性(P0.05);苦参碱能够下调HIF-1α和VEGF的表达。结论苦参碱可降低EGFR-TPK活性和HIF-1α、VEGF的表达,激活caspase 3活性,对肺癌肿瘤A549细细胞的侵袭、增殖和血管生成产生抑制作用。     

Prevention of growth of human lung carcinoma cells and induction of apoptosis by a novel phenoxazinone, 2-amino-4,4alpha-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one

Anti-tumor effects of a novel phenoxazinone, 2-amino-4,4-dihydro-4alpha,7-dimethyl-3H-phenoxazine-3-one (Phx), which was synthesized by the reaction of 2-amino-5-methylphenol with bovine hemoglobin, were studied in terms of suppression of the proliferation of human lung carcinoma cells and apoptosis induction. When Phx was added to cultures of the human lung carcinoma cell lines A549 (adenocarcinoma) and H226 (squamous carcinoma), it caused the growth inhibition and the death of these cells. Phx also fragmented the DNA of these cells to oligonucleosomal-sized fragments, which is characteristic of the apoptosis, dependent on the dose and exposure time. The cellular death caused by the administration of Phx was partially reversed by the addition of Z-VAD-fmk, a caspase family inhibitor. Present results suggest that Phx demonstrates anti-cancer activity against human lung carcinoma cell lines A549 and H226, by inhibiting growth and inducing apoptosis.     

培美曲塞联合顺铂通过TRAIL诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞凋亡发挥抗癌效果的研究

目的：初步探讨培美曲塞联合顺铂通过TRAIL诱导非小细胞肺癌A549细胞凋亡发挥的抗癌效果。方法：将肺癌细胞株A549做4种处理并分为4组：空白组（Blank组）、顺铂处理组（CDPP组）、培美曲塞处理组（MTA组）、培美曲塞联合顺铂处理组（MTA+CDPP组），应用CCK-8和流式细胞术检测4种处理细胞的细胞活性和细胞凋亡变化；qPCR检测顺铂单药治疗组和培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗组的细胞肿瘤坏死因子相关凋亡诱导配体（TRAIL）表达差异；干扰TRAIL后再次检测各处理组细胞的细胞活性和细胞凋亡变化；qPCR和WB检测干扰TRAIL后BCL-2转录水平和蛋白表达。结果：培美曲塞联合顺铂（CDDP）在非小细胞肺癌细胞中起到降低细胞活性和诱导细胞凋亡的作用，二者协同发挥抗肿瘤效果；培美曲塞联合顺铂治疗组TRAIL转录表达显著高于顺铂处理组；干扰TRAIL后，顺铂与培美曲塞联合诱导的细胞活力的降低作用被抑制，并逆转了顺铂与培美曲塞联合对细胞凋亡的促进作用；培美曲塞联合顺铂通过TRAIL降低Bcl-2的转录水平和蛋白表达来发挥促进肿瘤细胞凋亡的作用。结论：培美曲塞可联合顺铂（CDDP）在非小细胞肺癌细胞中发挥抗肿瘤效果，其通过TRAIL降低Bcl-2的表达来诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡，从而发挥抗肿瘤作用。     

Chrysophanol‐induced cell death (necrosis) in human lung cancer A549 cells is mediated through increasing reactive oxygen species and decreasing the level of mitochondrial membrane potential

Chrysophanol (1,8‐dihydroxy‐3‐methylanthraquinone) is one of the anthraquinone compounds, and it has been shown to induce cell death in different types of cancer cells. The effects of chrysophanol on human lung cancer cell death have not been well studied. The purpose of this study is to examine chrysophanol‐induced cytotoxic effects and also to investigate such influences that involved apoptosis or necrosis in A549 human lung cancer cells in vitro. Our results indicated that chrysophanol decreased the viable A549 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Chrysophanol also promoted the release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ca²⁺ and decreased the levels of mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨ_m) and adenosine triphosphate in A549 cells. Furthermore, chrysophanol triggered DNA damage by using Comet assay and DAPI staining. Importantly, chrysophanol only stimulated the cytocheome c release, but it did not activate other apoptosis‐associated protein levels including caspase‐3, caspase‐8, Apaf‐1, and AIF. In conclusion, human lung cancer A549 cells treated with chrysophanol exhibited a cellular pattern associated with necrotic cell death and not apoptosis in vitro. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 740–749, 2014.     

Combined effects of sulindac and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid on apoptosis induction in human lung cancer cells

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a promising group of anticancer agents. Treatment of cancer cells with HDAC blockers, such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), leads to the activation of apoptosis-promoting genes. To enhance proapoptotic efficiency, SAHA has been used in conjunction with radiation, kinase inhibitors, and cytotoxic drugs. In the present study, we show that at the suboptimal dose of 250 muM, sulindac [2-[6-fluoro-2-methyl-3-[(4-methylsulfinylphenyl)methylidene]inden-1-yl]-acetic acid] significantly enhances SAHA-induced growth suppression and apoptosis of A549 human non-small cell lung cancer cells, primarily via enhanced collapse of the mitochondrial membrane potential, release of cytochrome c, and caspase activation. Furthermore, sulindac/SAHA cotreatment induced marked down-regulation of survivin at both the mRNA and protein levels and stimulated the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which were blocked by the antioxidant N-acetyl-l-cysteine. Overexpression of survivin was associated with reduced sulindac/SAHA-induced apoptosis of A549 cells, whereas suppression of survivin levels with antisense oligonucleotides or small interfering RNA further sensitized cells to sulindac/SAHA-induced cell death. Our results collectively demonstrate that sulindac/SAHA-induced apoptosis is mediated by ROS-dependent down-regulation of survivin in lung cancer cells.     

Denbinobin induces apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma cells via Akt inactivation, Bad activation, and mitochondrial dysfunction

Increasing evidence demonstrated that denbinobin, isolated from Ephemerantha lonchophylla, exert cytotoxic effects in cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether denbinobin induces apoptosis and the apoptotic mechanism of denbinobin in human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549). Denbinobin (1-20microM) caused cell death in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis and annexin V labeling demonstrated that denbinobin increased the percentage of apoptotic cells. A549 cells treated with denbinobin showed typical characteristics of apoptosis including morphological changes and DNA fragmentation. Denbinobin induced caspase 3 activation, and N-benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp-fluoromethylketone (zVAD-fmk), a broad-spectrum caspase inhibitor, prevented denbinobin-induced cell death. Denbinobin induced the loss of the mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of mitochondrial apoptotic proteins including cytochrome c, second mitochondria derived activator of caspase (Smac), and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF). In addition, denbinobin-induced Bad activation was accompanied by the dissociation of Bad with 14-3-3 and the association of Bad with Bcl-xL. Furthermore, denbinobin induced Akt inactivation in a time-dependent manner. Transfection of A549 cells with both wild-type and constitutively active Akt significantly suppressed denbinobin-induced Bad activation and cell apoptosis. These results suggest that Akt inactivation, followed by Bad activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase 3 activation, and AIF release, contributes to denbinobin-induced cell apoptosis.     

In vitro antimetastatic activity of koetjapic acid against breast cancer cells

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, and it can metastasize very rapidly. Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of cancer deaths. In the present study, we investigated the capability of koetjapic acid, a natural triterpene, in the induction of apoptosis and the inhibition of metastasis in the breast cancer cell line (MCF 7). The effects of koetjapic acid against 4 steps of metastasis have been assessed, including cell survival, clonogenicity, migration and invasion. Koetjapic acid exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF 7 cells with an IC(50) of 68.88±6.075 μg/mL. The mechanism of cell death was confirmed due to the induction of apoptosis machineries; early and late apoptosis-related changes were detected, including the stimulation of caspase 3/7 activities, apoptosis-related morphological changes such as membrane blebbing, chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. A mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was found to be involved in koetjapic acid-induced cell death induction. Moreover, at a sub-toxic dose (15 μg/mL), Koetjapic acid inhibited cell migration and invasion significantly. Finally, koetjapic acid inhibited the colony formation properties of MCF 7 significantly. These results indicate that koetjapic acid possesses significant antitumor and antimetastatic effects, and warrants further investigation.     

MAP30-PEG结合物对A549体外细胞增殖作用的研究

目的探讨苦瓜籽核糖体失活蛋白MAP30及其聚乙二醇修饰物对人肺腺癌细胞A549增殖、细胞凋亡的影响和caspase3相关凋亡途径的诱导作用。方法用MTT法测定MAP30和MAP30-PEG结合物对人肺腺癌细胞A549的抑制率;通过Hoechst33258荧光染色观察A549细胞凋亡形态,并用流式细胞术测定细胞凋亡率以及用western blot检测凋亡细胞caspase3表达。结果 MAP30和MAP30-PEG结合物均对A549有抑制作用,且呈时间和剂量依赖性关系;MAP30-PEG结合物对A549细胞增值抑制率约为MAP30的60%;Hoechst33258荧光染色后均呈典型凋亡形态;流式细胞术检测显示,MAP30和MAP30-PEG结合物作用于A549细胞48 h后均可使A549细胞呈现Sub-G1凋亡峰,凋亡率分别为58.7%、42.7%;MAP30和MAP30-PEG结合物对胞内caspase3在凋亡过程中显示有激活作用。结论 MAP30和MAP30-PEG结合物均对A549增殖有明显的抑制作用;两者均能通过caspase3途径诱导细胞凋亡。     

LncRNA ITGB2-AS1靶向miR-338-3p对肺癌细胞多西他赛耐药性的影响

目的 研究lncRNA ITGB2-AS1对肺癌细胞增殖、凋亡及多西他赛耐药性的影响及潜在的分子机制.方法 用不同浓度(6.25μg/L、12.5μg/L、25μg/L、50μg/L、100μg/L、200μg/L)多西他赛(DTX)处理肺癌A549和多西他赛耐药细胞A549/DTX细胞,CCK8法测定DTX对A549...