玻璃体手术治疗合并脉络膜脱离的黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

目的 报告一组黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离患者经玻璃体手术治疗的效果.方法 回顾性分析自2004年9月至2008年8月在南昌大学第二附属医院眼科住院治疗的20例20只眼,合并脉络膜脱离的黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离患者的手术疗效.所有患者均行玻璃体切除联合惰性气体或硅油填充,术中部分患者在大部分玻璃体切除后用曲安奈德玻璃体腔注射以增加玻璃体可视性.在气液交换后,3只眼用C3F8填充,17只眼注入硅油.术后常规面朝下体位,随防6个月至4年.结果 本组20例20只眼中,一次手术视网膜复位19只眼(95%),1只硅油填充眼术前360度脉络膜脱离合并视网膜多个裂孔,术后视网膜脱离复发而行第二次手术后视网膜全复位;术后视力改善18只眼(90%),视力不变1只眼(5%),视力下降1只眼(5%).结论 玻璃体切除术联合惰性气体和(或)硅油填充是治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离并脉络膜脱离的有效方法,术后绝大多数能改善或保持视力.     

黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术治疗

目的 探讨黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的术式选择及与疗效的关系。方法 经单纯注气术,巩膜环扎注气术、冷凝环扎注气术治疗１５例黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离。结果 经不同术式手术治疗,１５例１５眼均获得了较满意的近期疗效。结论 对黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术治疗,应根据病情选择术式,最大可能避免黄斑部进一步损伤,从而提高有限的中心视力。     

黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术方法选择

黄斑裂孔性机网膜脱离是一种特殊类型的视网膜脱离，占孔源性视网膜脱离10％左右，好发于患有高度近视眼的患者，其治疗方法较多，但尚无统一意见，如何选择最合适的方法，达到最佳视功能是众多学者研究的方向，我们根据赵东生膜形成分级法，选择手术方案[1]，现将结果分析如下     

玻璃体注气黄斑外加压治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离对视功能损害严重，以往采用后极部加压与电凝，手术难度大，操作复杂，并发症多。近期，我们对５例黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离行玻璃体内注气联合巩膜硅胶条外加压治愈，现报告如下。例１男５０岁右眼看不见４个月，视力右０．０２，左１．０，左玻璃体混...     

黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术治疗进展

黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离是危害视力最大的疾病之一。随着高度近视人群的增加,近年来黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的手术治疗受到越来越多的关注。本文就玻璃体腔气体填充术、玻璃体切除术、硅油填充术、黄斑裂孔周边激光光凝术、黄斑扣带术、巩膜扣带术、巩膜环扎术、视网膜前膜和内界膜剥除术、内界膜填塞术、内界膜覆盖术等应用于黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的方式进行综述,着重探讨其疗效和特点。     

黄斑孔伴视网膜周边裂孔的脉络膜脱离合并视网膜脱离的治疗

目的探讨黄斑孔伴视网膜周边裂孔的脉络膜脱离合并视网膜脱离的临床特点及治疗方法。方法回顾性分析黄斑孔伴视网膜周边裂孔的脉络膜脱离合并视网膜脱离86只眼,分析其共同的临床特点,并采用玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术进行治疗,观察其治疗效果。结果术后1个月最佳矫正视力眼前手动～数指31只眼,0．01—0．1者32只眼,0．1以上者23只眼。术后眼压9-23mmHg,平均眼压（13．2±0．5）mmHg（1mmHg=0．133kPa）,无严重并发症发生。结论采用玻璃体切除联合硅油填充治疗黄斑孔伴视网膜周边裂孔的脉络膜脱离合并视网膜脱离能取得较好效果。     

高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离的相关因素分析

目的 探讨高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离合并脉络膜脱离的相关危险因素,总结其临床特点及治疗方法.方法 连续收集合并脉络膜脱离的高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离的病例10例(A组),并以同一时期不伴脉络膜脱离的高度近视黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离病例12例为对照(B组),对比两组发病年龄、病程、术前屈光度、眼轴、眼压、视网膜脱离范围以及术后视网膜复位、视功能恢复等情况.结果 A组发病年龄大、近视度数高、眼压低、视网膜脱离范围大,与B组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中眼压差异显著(P<0.01);两组的一次玻璃体切割手术视网膜复位率相近,A组为80%,B组为83%,但A组术后视力≥0.02的比例低(P=0.048).结论 高度近视黄斑裂孑L性视网膜脱离一旦合并脉络膜脱离常伴有年龄大、病程长、近视度数高、视网膜脱离广泛和显著低眼压等特点.适时采用玻璃体切割合并硅油填充术可达到与不合并脉络膜脱离组相近的视网膜复位率,但视力预后仍较差.     

联合脉络膜眼内光凝治疗巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离

观察脉络膜眼内光凝联合玻璃体手术治疗巨大裂孔性视网膜脱离的效果。方法对８例巨大裂孔视网膜脱离的患者在施行玻璃手术中,于巨大裂孔区的赤道至周边部脉络膜上联合眼内半导体激光光凝,及视网膜裂孔边缘松解性切开或楔形切除。     

玻璃体切除治疗黄斑裂孔性视网膜脱离

198 2年Ｇｏｎｖｅｒｓ和Ｍａｃｈｅｍｅｒ〔1〕首先应用玻璃体切除、气 液交换和术后俯卧位治疗黄斑裂孔所致视网膜脱离 ,气体在此手术中成为治疗的核心。我院自 1998年开展玻璃体切除术以来 ,也应用玻切术代替单纯的玻璃体腔注气 ,治疗黄斑裂孔视网膜脱离 ,获得了很好的疗效     

玻璃体切除治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离

目的研究玻璃体切除对合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的治疗作用。方法对连续治疗的12例合并有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离患眼,进行玻璃体切除联合长效气体或硅油填充治疗,所有病人术前术后均用激素治疗,对视网膜的复位率进行评价。结果平均随访10.42个月,单次手术视网膜解剖复位率为91.67%（11/12）。再次手术后视网膜解剖复位率为100%。结论玻璃体切除术是治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的有效方法。     

玻璃体切除术治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离

目的探讨玻璃体切除术治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的临床疗效。方法对连续治疗的12例(12只眼)合并有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离眼,进行玻璃体切除联合长效气体或硅油填充治疗,所有患者术前、术后均用激素治疗,对视网膜的复位率进行评价。结果术后平均随访10.42个月。单次手术视网膜解剖复位率为91.67%(11/12),再次手术后视网膜解剖复位率为100%。结论玻璃体切除术是治疗合并脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离的有效方法。     

Macular hole as a risk factor of choroidal detachment in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

PURPOSE: Choroidal detachment (CD) associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a rare, but serious condition, which makes the prognosis worse. Previously reported risk factors for CD in RRD patients include high myopia, aphakia, pseudophakia, and advanced age. However, macular hole has not been discussed as an important factor in increasing the risk of CD in RRD patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate macular hole as a risk factor for CD in eyes evidencing RRD. METHODS: The medical records of 480 patients with primary RRD were reviewed. We compared the CD incidence among the RRD patients in accordance with the presence or absence of macular holes. The relationship between gender, age, presence of systemic disease, refractive errors, lens status, intraocular pressure and the development of CD were also analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence (4/21 eyes, 19.0%) of CD in the RRD with macular hole was significantly higher than that (7/459 eyes, 1.5%) observed in the RRD without macular hole (p=0.010). The preoperative intraocular pressure (mean+/-SD; 2.5+/-1.3 mmHg) in the RRD with CD and macular hole was significantly lower than that (7.4+/-4.4 mmHg) observed in the cases of RRD with CD without macular hole (p=0.035). The eyes complicated by CD evidenced a higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus (p=0.024) than was observed in the eyes without CD. CONCLUSIONS: The retinal detachment combined with macular hole creates a predisposition toward the development of profound hypotony and CD.     

Safety and efficacy of suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide for the management of serous choroidal detachment prior to rhegmatogenous retinal detachment surgery: A Pilot study

Purpose:To study the safety and efficacy of pre-operative suprachoroidal triamcinolone acetonide (SCTA) for achieving reduction/resolution of serous choroidal detachment (CD) associated with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).Methods:This was a prospective, noncomparative, interventional pilot study. All consecutive patients presenting with RD and coexisting CD underwent transconjunctival injection of SCTA before proceeding with vitrectomy/scleral buckle surgery. Sequential ultrasound B scans were performed for assessing the change in height of the CD.Results:The mean age of the cohort was 53.8 ± 10.8 years (range: 39–72 years). The CD was present in a median of 3 quadrants; the cumulative mean CD height was 5.59 mm (range: 2.02–9.42 mm). Following SCTA, a successful response (>50% reduction) was seen in five eyes by day 3 and in two eyes by day 5. Three eyes failed to respond to SCTA and required surgical drainage before proceeding with vitrectomy. No intraprocedural injection-related complications were noted. A transient rise in the intraocular pressure (30 mmHg) was seen in one eye following vitrectomy and was managed successfully with topical antiglaucoma medicationsConclusion:Suprachoroidal administration of triamcinolone appears to be a safe and effective technique to achieve CD resolution in eyes with RRD.     

孔源性视网膜脱离伴脉络膜脱离的手术治疗

目的探讨不同的手术方式对伴脉络膜脱离(脉脱)的孔源性视网膜脱离病例的预后影响.方法139例140眼中Ⅱ级膜57眼(40.7%),ⅡA级膜62眼(44.3%).ⅢB级膜21眼(15.0%).64眼行环扎加压手术(scleralbucklingsurgery,SB),76眼行闭合式玻璃体切除手术(closedvirteoussurgery.CV).结果术后随访时间均大于3月,最长达2年,平均3.7月,一次手术复位109眼(77.9%),最终复位率89.3%(125/140).Ⅱ级膜中SB、CV一次手术复位率分别为82.1%、94.4%(P＞0.05),其中裂孔大小合计＞3PD的SB、CV一次手术复位率分别为58.3%、92.3%(P＜0.05);ⅢA级膜中SB、CV一次手术复位率分别为64.0%、86.4%(P＜0.05);ⅢB级膜均采用CV手术,一次手术复位率57.1%.结论对于膜形成不严重的Ⅱ级膜行SB手术比较合适,但裂孔合计＞3PD的宜行CV手术,对于ⅢA级膜及以上的行CV手术更合适.     

伴脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离复位术

目的 探讨伴脉络膜脱离孔源性视网膜脱离的手术方法。方法 术前不用糖皮质激素治疗。以低眼压，视网膜下液少为手术时机不放液手术。结果 手术一次性复位率91.66%，裂孔封闭后炎症消退，玻璃体改善，眼压回升，视力提高。结论 术前不同糖皮质激素治疗。有利于不放液手术和术中顶压找孔，缩短了术前等待的时间。     

玻璃体切除术前应用糖皮质激素治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的效果分析

目的 研究术前糖皮质激素的不同应用途径对孔源性视网膜脱离伴有脉络膜脱离玻璃体切除术后解剖复位的影响。设计 回顾性病例系列。研究对象 北京同仁医院就诊的伴有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离患者155例（155眼）。方法 根据术前糖皮质激素使用情况分为4个组：未应用糖皮质激素（A组）43眼;口服糖皮质激素（B组）42眼;球旁注射糖皮质激素组（C组）32眼;玻璃体注射曲安奈德组（D组）38眼。所有患者均为首次行玻璃体切除手术。观察术后6个月视网膜解剖复位的情况。主要指标 首次玻璃体切除术后视网膜复位情况。结果 首次玻璃体切除术后,A组视网膜复位27眼,手术治愈率62.79%;B组视网膜复位37眼,手术治愈率88.10%;C组视网膜复位29眼,手术治愈率90.63%;D组视网膜复位34眼,手术治愈率89.47%。A组术后视网膜复位率与其他组比较均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）;B、C、D三组间比较无明显统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 对于伴有脉络膜脱离的孔源性视网膜脱离,术前应用糖皮质激素可以提高术后视网膜复位率;口服、球旁和玻璃体注射不同糖皮质激素应用方式,对于玻璃体切除术后视网膜复位率无明显差异,可根据患者全身及局部情况进行选择。     

曲安奈德玻璃体腔内注射辅助治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离

目的:评价玻璃体手术前1d玻璃体腔内注射曲安奈德治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离的疗效和安全性。方法:对28例(28眼)脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离患者于玻璃体手术前1d玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德混悬液0.1mL(4mg)。手术方式为巩膜环扎联合玻璃体切除,术后C3F8或硅油充填。24眼随访6～17(平均8.9)mo。结果:28眼注射曲安奈德后葡萄膜炎症减轻。24眼单次手术视网膜解剖复位率87.5%(21/24)。结论:在玻璃体手术治疗脉络膜脱离型视网膜脱离前1d玻璃体注射曲安奈德使手术难度降低,提高了视网膜复位率。     

Changes in axial length after vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with choroidal detachment

AIM: To report the postoperative axial length (AL) changes in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with choroidal detachment (RRD-CD) patients. METHODS: The medical records of 97 consecutive patients from January 2015 to December 2018 were reviewed. Patients included were divided into RRD-CD and RRD only groups. All patients had received AL measurements before pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and before silicone oil removal (SOR). The changes in AL of the two groups were compared. In addition, the potential factors related to AL changes were analyzed. RESULTS: AL elongation after PPV was 1.01 mm [interquartile range (IQR): 0.37, 1.79; P=0.02] in the RRD-CD group, which was greater than in RRD only group (0.15 mm, IQR: 0.04, 0.41; P<0.001). AL increased 0.06 mm per 1 mm Hg intraocular pressure changes in the RRD-CD group (R2=0.11, P=0.03). RRD-CD patient was 11.42 times (3.54-46.80) more likely to experience post-PPV AL elongation of more than 1 mm [P<0.001, Akaike information criterion (AIC)=92.33, area under the curve (AUC)=0.839]. CONCLUSION: RRD-CD patients are very likely to have a postoperative elongation of AL. The primary intraoclular lens implantation using presurgery AL data may cause a significant refractive error in RRD-CD patients who underwent PPV.