Retinal detachment in eyes treated with Aurolab aqueous drainage implant for refractory glaucoma - Incidence and outcomes

Purpose:To analyze the incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in patients who have undergone prior Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) surgery and report outcomes in terms of anatomic, visual acuity, and intraocular pressure (IOP) findings.Methods:Case records of all patients who underwent RRD repair after AADI surgery from 2013 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Data collected included patient demographics, ocular examination findings at all visits including IOP and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and clinical findings related to RRD both at baseline and postoperatively.Results:Ten eyes of nine patients were included in study. The mean age of patients was 28.2 years (median: 15 years, range: 6–83 years). Mean duration between AADI and RRD was 14 months (median 2.5 months; range 2 days-72 months). All eyes underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicon oil injection. The preoperative LogMAR BCVA (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) was 2.52 ± 0.15 which improved to 2.29 ± 0.58 at final follow-up; however, only one eye had vision ≥ 20/400 largely due to recurrent RRD and advanced glaucomatous disc damage. Postoperatively retina was attached in 6 eyes (60%) and IOP was ≤ 21 mmHg in 5 out of 6 eyes with anatomic successConclusion:The incidence of RRD following AADI was found to be 0.86% in our study. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicon oil tamponade was the preferred approach in the management of these eyes with IOP being well controlled post PPV. However, visual acuity outcomes were largely unsatisfactory due to recurrent RRD and preexisting advanced glaucoma.     

Surgical outcomes of combined phacoemulsification and glaucoma drainage implant surgery for Asian patients with refractory glaucoma with cataract

PURPOSE: To examine the safety and efficacy of combined phacoemulsification and glaucoma drainage implant surgery in providing reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP) and visual rehabilitation in eyes with refractory glaucoma and cataract. DESIGN: Interventional case series. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed on all subjects who underwent combined phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation and glaucoma drainage implant surgery by a single surgeon at the National University Hospital, Singapore. The implants used were the 185 mm2 Ahmed glaucoma valve and the 350 mm2 Baerveldt glaucoma implant. In terms of IOP, a complete success was defined as IOP of between 6 to 21 mm Hg without medication, qualified success as IOP between 6 to 21 mm Hg with one or more medication, and failure as a sustained IOP of >21 mm Hg or <6 mm Hg with or without one or more medication on two or more visits. RESULTS: A total of 32 combined phacoemulsification and glaucoma implant surgeries in 32 patients was performed. All patients were of Asian origin, and the mean age was 58 +/- 16 years (range, 20-78 years). The Baerveldt glaucoma implant and Ahmed glaucoma valve implant were inserted in 16 eyes each. With a mean follow-up of 13 +/- 5 months (range 6 to 22 months), IOP was reduced from a mean of 28.0 +/- 11.5 mm Hg to 15.2 +/- 6.0 mm Hg postoperatively (P <.0001), whereas the number of antiglaucoma medications decreased from a mean of 2.4 +/- 1.4 to.3 +/-.7 (P <.0001) at last follow-up. Overall, there were 24 eyes (75%) that were classified as complete successes, 4 eyes (12.5%) that were qualified successes, and 4 eyes that failed (12.5%). Twenty-three eyes (72%) had improvement of visual acuity, while only one eye had a loss of more than 1 line of Snellen acuity. There was no case that encountered an intraoperative complication, and postoperative complications occurred in 12 eyes (38%), the most common of which was hypotony (in six eyes, 19%). CONCLUSION: For subjects with refractory glaucoma and cataract, combined phacoemulsification and glaucoma drainage implant surgery provide good visual rehabilitation and control of IOP, with low incidence of complications.     

Safety and efficacy of Aurolab aqueous drainage implant in refractory glaucoma: A prospective study

Purpose:This study was conducted to assess the intraocular pressure (IOP) control and postoperative complications following a non-valved glaucoma drainage device (GDD) surgery in refractory glaucoma.Methods:This was a prospective interventional study conducted on patients with glaucoma refractory to maximal medications or failed surgical treatment who underwent Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI; Aurolabs, India) surgery. Primary outcome measures were IOP control, postoperative complications, and reduction in the number of antiglaucoma medications (AGM).Results:Thirty-four eyes were analyzed and the mean follow-up was 16.06 ± 5.63 months. The preoperative median (Q1, Q3) IOP was 31 mmHg (28, 36.5) which decreased to 12 mmHg (12, 14) at 6 months postoperatively. The median (Q1, Q3) number of AGMs decreased from 3 (3, 4) to 0 (0, 1). Significant complications like implant extrusion and tube exposure were noted in two eyes. The total success and failure rates at 6 months were 91.1% and 8.8%, respectively.Conclusion:AADI is effective in achieving target IOP and significantly reduces the use of AGMs with good safety in the short term. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to assess long-term IOP control and cost-effectiveness.     

飞秒激光辅助超声乳化联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗合并难治性青光眼的白内障

目的：评估飞秒激光辅助超声乳化联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术治疗合并难治性青光眼的白内障的有效性和安全性。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。2019-10/2021-10入院合并难治性青光眼的白内障患者53例53眼,依据自愿选择分为飞秒激光辅助白内障超声乳化(FLACS)组26例26眼和常规白内障超声乳化(CPCS)组27例27眼。两组分别行FLACS和CPCS联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术。比较两组患者术中超声乳化能量释放量(CDE)、有效超声时间(EPT)的差异和术前与术后抗青光眼药物数量的变化,以及术后观察不同时期(1d,1wk,1、3mo)在提高最佳矫正视力(BCVA),降低眼压、角膜内皮细胞损伤程度和手术并发症及成功率状况。

结果：FLACS组术中CDE和EPT明显低于CPCS组(t=8.50、5.16; P<0.01、=0.001)。两组术后抗青光眼药物较术前均明显减少(t=9.12、7.76; P=0.011、0.016),但两组间无差异(t=1.79,P=0.082)。两组术后BCVA均较术前改善,眼压均较术前降低(P<0.05)。FLACS组在术后早期(1d,1wk)BCVA的改善较CPCS组更显著(t=9.74、8.49; P=0.008、0.012),但在术后1、3mo的BCVA改善程度并无不同(t=0.62、0.44; P=1.415、2.021)。CPCS组在术后随访不同时期的角膜内皮细胞损伤较FLACS组更明显(P<0.05)。术后随访的不同时期FLACS组和CPCS组在控制眼压方面无差异(F_组间=0.64,P_组间=0.421)。FLACS组的手术并发症发生率27%(7/26)较CPCS组89%(24/27)低(χ²=20.95,P<0.01),其中角膜水肿(8% vs 41%)、前囊撕裂(0 vs 11%)在FLACS组中明显低于CPCS组,后囊破裂(0 vs 7%)、玻璃体脱出(0 vs 4%)及人工晶状体偏位(0 vs 7%)也均发生在CPCS组。但两组的治疗总成功率相近(P=28.718)。

结论：飞秒激光辅助超声乳化联合Ahmed青光眼引流阀植入术可充分发挥联合手术的精准微创可控优势,帮助合并难治性青光眼的白内障患者有效降低眼压及更早获得视力恢复。     

EX-PRESS引流器植入联合超声乳化术治疗难治性青光眼合并白内障

目的：观察EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入联合白内障超声乳化术+人工晶状体植入术治疗难治性青光眼合并白内障的治疗效果。

方法：选取2013-01/2016-01在我院眼科确诊并住院治疗的60例60眼难治性青光眼患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式分为研究组和对照组,研究组采用EX-PRESS青光眼引流器联合超声乳化白内障吸出术+人工晶状体植入术,对照组采用小梁切除联合白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体植入术进行治疗。研究组29例29眼,对照组31例31眼。检查并记录两组患者术后1d,1、3、6mo的视力、眼压、手术成功率等临床指标及并发症发生情况。

结果：本组60例60眼患者均顺利完成手术,研究组成功率为93%,对照组成功率为81%; 研究组手术成功率虽明显高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.26)。在术后6mo时两组患者的最佳矫正视力均有所提高,组内比较,研究组和对照组最佳矫正视力均高于术前,但差异无统计学意义。两组患者术后最佳矫正视力情况比较差异无统计学意义。在眼压方面,两组间眼压差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),时间点对眼压的影响有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1d,1、3mo,研究组患者的眼压均显著低于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05); 而在术后第6mo时,两组患者的眼压情况差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后各时间点与术前比较均有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后1d与术后6mo比较有统计学意义(P=0.007),其他两两比较结果无统计学意义。

结论：EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入联合白内障超声乳化+人工晶状体植入术治疗难治性青光眼合并白内障有较好的临床效果,是一种有较高可行性、安全性以及有效性的治疗方案。     

EX-PRESS青光眼引流器联合超声乳化术治疗POAG合并白内障

目的:观察合并白内障的原发性开角型青光眼患者行超声乳化白内障吸出联合EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入术的临床效果.方法:选取我院2014-01/2016-02期间收治的原发性开角型青光眼合并白内障患者42例42眼,按照随机数字表法将所有患者随机分为对照组和试验组,其中对照组患者21例21眼,均采用小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸出术进行治疗;试验组患者21例21眼,均采用EX-PRESS青光眼引流器联合超声乳化白内障吸出术进行治疗.比较两组患者术后滤过泡、视力、眼压等临床指标及并发症情况.结果:术前两组患者眼压比较无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组患者术后各时间点的眼压情况均显著低于术前,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05).术后1d,1、4wk,试验组患者的眼压均显著低于对照组患者,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);而术后12 wk时,两组患者眼压情况无统计学意义(P>0.05).试验组患者的手术成功率为95%,显著高于对照组的71%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后12 wk后两组患者的最佳矫正视力比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组中21眼均表现为功能性滤过泡(Ⅰ、Ⅱ型),而对照组中则有18眼表现为功能性滤过泡.结论:采用EX-PRESS青光眼引流器联合超声乳化白内障吸出术治疗合并白内障的原发性开角型青光眼患者安全可靠,其疗效优于采用小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸出术治疗.     

Aurolab aqueous drainage implant in the vitreous cavity: Our modifications over the conventional technique of glaucoma implant surgery

Glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) are used for managing refractory glaucoma due to failed trabeculectomy, neovascular glaucoma, traumatic glaucoma, and secondary glaucoma post keratoplasty. Aurolab aqueous drainage implant (AADI) is a nonvalved drainage implant conventionally implanted with the tube placed in the anterior chamber. Studies about the outcome of the various aqueous drainage devices implanted in the anterior chamber have reported complications such as tube extrusion, migration, blockage, erosion, and corneal decompensation. We propose modifying the conventional GDD implantation technique by placing the tube in the vitreous cavity, thereby negating the risk of anterior segment complications in patients with refractory glaucoma whose anterior segment is already compromised. Another novel approach implemented in this technique was making a scleral tunnel instead of using a scleral or corneal patch graft to cover the tube to prevent its migration. This article describes the surgical steps of this technique and its advantages, along with a surgical video.     

国产房水引流物植入术治疗难治性青光眼疗效观察

目的 评价同产房水引流物(HAD)植入术治疗难治性青光眼的临床疗效。 方法 对21例(21眼)难治性青光眼患者施行HAD植入术。新生血管性青光眼7例、虹膜-角膜内皮综合征继发青光眼3例、无晶状体青光眼7例、青少年性青光眼1例及多次行滤过性青光眼手术失败者3例。术前平均眼压(38.71±11.38)mmHg。术后随访平均(13.90±8.99)月。 结果 术后平均眼压(12.71±5.82)mmHg,眼压平均下降26 mmHg。17例获得成功,手术成功率为80.95％。并发症有暂时性前房出血3例(14.29％)、前葡萄膜炎3例(14.29％)、脉络膜脱离8例(38.10％)、引流盘脱出1例(4.76％)、浅前房8例(38.10％)、并发性白内障2例(9.52％)、角膜内皮失代偿1例(4.76％)。 结论 HAD植入术可有效治疗难治性青光眼,其临床疗效及并发症与使用同外同类产品相当,且HAD柔软性好,易于手术操作,价格低于同类进口产品。     

EX-PRESS植入联合超乳治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼持续高眼压

目的：探讨EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入联合超声乳化吸出术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼持续高眼压患者的临床效果和安全性。

方法：选择2016-01/2017-01在我院就诊的急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障持续高眼压患者作为研究对象,患者均给予EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入联合超声乳化吸出术治疗。观察手术前后中央前房深度、术后1、4、8、12、24、48wk的眼压、矫正视力,记录手术的治疗成功率和术中、术后并发症发生情况。

结果：术前患者前房深度为1.974±0.182mm,术后患者前房深度为2.961±0.175mm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后1、4、8、12、24、48wk时患者眼压与术前相比较均显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12、24、48wk成功患者所占比例逐渐降低,但总成功率均为100%。术后48wk患者矫正视力显著较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。本组患者均未出现严重术中和术后并发症。

结论： EX-PRESS青光眼引流器植入联合超声乳化吸出术治疗合并白内障的急性闭角型青光眼持续高眼压患者安全有效。     

Combined cataract extraction and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant: indications and outcomes

PURPOSE: To report the indications and outcomes of simultaneous cataract extraction (CE) and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant surgery. DESIGN: Noncomparative, interventional, retrospective, consecutive case series. PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-three eyes of 33 patients. INTERVENTION: Combined phacoemulsification CE and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant (BGI) surgery at two tertiary care referral centers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), and complications. RESULTS: The study included 33 eyes of 33 patients followed for an average of 15.4 months (range, 3.0-46.9). The most common indication for combined CE and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant surgery was a history of prior failed trabeculectomy. Postoperative visual acuity at last follow-up was > or =20/40 in 12 of 33 patients (36%). IOP was reduced from a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 21 +/- 7.3 mmHg preoperatively to 13.1 +/- 3.5 mmHg at last follow-up visit ( P < 0.001). The number of antiglaucoma medications was reduced from a mean (+/- standard deviation) of 2.3 +/- 1.0 preoperatively to 0.7 +/- 1.1 at last follow-up (P < 0.001). Three eyes met our criteria for failure, and cumulative survival of the glaucoma surgery at 18 months was 89%. Intraoperative complications were all related to the cataract surgery, whereas early and late postoperative complications were related both to the CE and BGI surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Combined CE and Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant placement seems to be a safe and effective surgical option and may be preferred in certain clinical situations.     

EX-PRESS植入联合超声乳化治疗原发性慢性闭角型青光眼合并白内障

目的：探讨EX-PRESS引流器植入术联合超声乳化术治疗原发性慢性闭角型青光眼(CPACG)合并白内障的临床疗效,并与小梁切除术联合超声乳化术进行比较。

方法：回顾性病例对照研究。收集2017-01-01/2019-01-01在我院眼科确诊并住院治疗的CPACG合并白内障患者(29例36眼)作为研究对象,按手术方式不同分为两组,研究组(13例16眼)采用EX-PRESS引流器植入术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术,对照组(16例20眼)采用小梁切除术联合超声乳化白内障摘除人工晶状体植入术。记录两组术前,术后1wk,1、3、6mo最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压,术前,术后1、6mo的中央前房深度(ACD)、中央角膜内皮细胞数、手术时间、手术至出院时间、术中术后并发症、术后随访情况等。

结果：两组患者的人口基线特征无差异(均P>0.05)。研究组术后6mo与术前相比视力改善眼数增多(Z=-2.066,P=0.039),术后6mo时两组的视力无差异(Z=-0.319,P=0.765)。研究组术后1wk,1、3、6mo的眼压与术前相比均下降(均P<0.001),两组的眼压无差异(F=0.003,P=0.956)。两组术后1、6mo ACD均较术前加深(均P<0.001),两组的ACD、中央角膜内皮细胞数均无差异(P>0.05)。手术时间研究组26.1±4.5min,对照组31.5±5.1min,两组有差异(t=-3.307,P=0.002)。手术至出院时间研究组7.2±1.6d,对照组7.7±1.5d,两组无差异(t=-0.880,P=0.388)。研究组1眼EX-PRESS触及虹膜,因眼压正常未做处理。对照组2眼术后2度浅前房,采用散瞳及加压包扎1wk后恢复。术后6mo时两组各有1眼用1种降眼压滴眼液维持眼压正常。对照组1眼12mo后因眼压升高行EX-PRESS引流器植入术,1眼8mo后行睫状体光凝术。

结论：EX-PRESS引流器植入术联合超声乳化术治疗CPACG可以提高视力、降低眼压,取得良好疗效,手术时间短于小梁切除术联合超声乳化术。     

小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗青光眼合并白内障

目的：观察小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除术在原发性闭角型青光眼(包括急性闭角型青光眼与慢性闭角型青光眼)合并白内障患者中的临床治疗效果及对并发症的影响。

方法：选取2014-01/2016-07在我院诊治的青光眼合并白内障患者60例60眼,采用随机数字方法分为对照组(30例30眼)和观察组(30例30眼)。对照组采用小梁切除术治疗,观察组采用小梁切除联合超声乳化白内障吸除治疗,比较两组临床效果及并发症发生率情况。

结果：观察组术后视力与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05); 观察组术后眼压水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组术后前房深度大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05); 观察组术后并发症发生率为7%,显著低于对照组的23%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论：原发性闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者在小梁切除术基础上联合超声乳化白内障吸除术治疗效果理想,并发症发生率相对较低。     

白内障超声乳化术中并发恶性青光眼的处理与观察

目的:探讨白内障超声乳化手术中并发恶性青光眼、临床疗效及危险因素。方法:对5例在接受白内障超声乳化术中发生恶性青光眼患者处理方法进行临床观察分析。结果:术中并发恶性青光眼5例全为女性,眼轴长度20.8～21.9mm,5例全部成功植入人工晶状体,术后角膜透明,前房深度正常。术后视力0.5～0.8,术后随访1mo眼压正常。结论:小眼球、短眼轴是白内障超声乳化术中并发恶性青光眼的危险因素。术中发生恶性青光眼通过积极处理,术后视力及眼压仍能达到良好效果。     

超声乳化联合房角分离术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障的疗效观察

目的：观察超声乳化术治疗原发性急性闭角型青光眼（ acute primary angle closure glaucoma,APACG）合并白内障的疗效及并探讨相关技巧。方法：收集2012－07／2014－07于中山市人民医院眼科就诊的APACG患者67例67眼,术前充分降低眼压,减轻角膜水肿,常规行超声乳化白内障吸出术,并分离房角。记录患者术前青光眼发作时和术后3 mo的视力、眼压、降压药物数量、房角开放范围以及并发症等。并使用Pentacam和眼前段光学相干断层扫描测量仪（ anterior segment ocular coherence tomography,AS－OCT）测量眼前段参数,包括中央前房深度、前房容积和瞳孔直径等。结果：术前与术后3mo相比,LogMAR视力由术前0．87±0．09增至术后0．23±0．08（t＝4．086,P＜0．01）。眼压由术前32．31±4．70降至17．57±4．13mmHg（t＝20．266,P＜0．01）,中央前房深度由1．89±0．22增至3．43±0．39mm（t＝24．266,P＜0．01）,前房容积自78．24±8．96增加至148．65± 17．85mm3（t＝51．583,P＜0．01）,房角开放范围由105．9°±10．81°增加至320．7°±35．77°（t＝46．677,P＜0．01）,降压药物使用数量由术前3．05±0．40降至0．47±0．13种（ t＝10．166,P＜0．01）,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。瞳孔直径由术前3．14±1．28减至术后的3．07±1．18mm （ t＝1．157,P＝0．247）,差异无统计学意义。术中发生后囊膜破裂1例,术后人工晶状体前膜形成2例。结论：超声乳化术联合房角分离等技术治疗急性闭角型青光眼合并白内障可以取得较好的手术疗效,可以有效降低眼压和改善眼前段狭窄。     

Combined Baerveldt glaucoma drainage implant and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C for refractory glaucoma

PURPOSE: To describe the surgical technique and clinical outcomes of a procedure for refractory glaucoma, concurrent Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of all patients who underwent combined Prolene-ligated BGI and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), number of glaucoma medications, visual acuity, and complications. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine success, defined as IOP < 22 mm Hg, no reoperation for glaucoma, and no loss of light perception vision. RESULTS: The mean +/- SD follow-up period for 38 eyes of 36 patients was 34 +/- 36 months (range, 3-121 months), during which 18 of 38 eyes (47%) required laser suture lysis of the Prolene suture. Intraocular pressure was reduced from a mean (+/- SD) preoperative value of 35.7 +/- 12.8 to 12.7 +/- 4.7 mm Hg at 1-year follow-up and 11.9 +/- 5.5 mm Hg at the last follow-up visit ( < 0.001). Number of medicines used for glaucoma was reduced from a mean +/- SD preoperative value of 2.5 +/- 0.9 to 0.5 +/- 0.6 at 1-year follow-up and 0.6 +/- 0.8 at the last follow-up visit ( < 0.001). LogMar visual acuity remained stable at mean of 1.15 +/- 0.85 preoperatively, compared with 1.14 +/- 1.05 at 1-year follow-up, but declined to 1.61 +/- 1.01 at the last follow-up visit, a loss of an average of four lines of vision ( = 0.004). Cumulative success was 91% at year 1, 86% at year 2, and 81% at year 3. Three eyes (8%) had suprachoroidal hemorrhages, one eye (3%) needed reoperation for an extruded implant, one (3%) eye had poor vision due to chronic hypotony, three eyes (8%) required additional glaucoma surgery during the postoperative period, and one eye (3%) needed revision of the implant for pressure control. CONCLUSIONS: Combined BGI and mitomycin C trabeculectomy provides excellent postoperative IOP control in patients with refractory glaucoma.     

Sequential or simultaneous cyclophotocoagulation and glaucoma drainage implant for refractory glaucoma

PURPOSE: To describe the outcomes of combining cyclophotocoagulation and tube-shunt glaucoma drainage implants, either sequentially or simultaneously, for the control of refractory glaucomas. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients that had been treated at our institute with both cyclophotocoagulation and a tube-shunt glaucoma drainage implant in the same eye between January 1996 and June 2000. Preoperative and postoperative intraocular pressure, number of glaucoma medications, vision, and complications data were collected for each eye. RESULTS: A total of 10 eyes of 9 patients met the study criteria. The minimum follow-up period after the last surgery was 15 months. Intraocular pressures were reduced from 28.5 +/- 7.2 mm Hg preoperatively to 13.9 +/- 5.4 mm Hg postoperatively at 15 months (P < 0.000, n = 9). Medications were reduced from 2.7 +/- 1.2 preoperatively to 0.3 +/- 0.5 postoperatively at 15 months (P < 0.000, n = 9). Of the eight eyes with measurable Snellen acuity, postoperative vision decreased two or more lines in five eyes (63%). Complications included transient hypotony (one eye), transient serous choroidal detachment (two eyes), cystoid macular edema (two eyes), corneal edema (three eyes), and panuveitis with chronic hypotony and traction retinal detachment (one eye). CONCLUSIONS: Combining cyclophotocoagulation with tube-shunt glaucoma drainage implants can effectively reduce intraocular pressure and number of glaucoma medications needed to achieve target intraocular pressure goals. Further study is needed to determine the safety of this combined approach compared with other available options to manage refractory glaucomas.     

超声乳化术治疗合并闭角型青光眼的白内障疗效观察

目的:探讨白内障术前合并临床前期或先兆期的闭角型青光眼患者,采用单纯的白内障超声乳化术治疗的效果。方法:对35例35眼合并闭角型青光眼的白内障患者,采用单纯的白内障超声乳化手术方法,术后随访观察视力、眼压、房角及前房深度变化。结果:术后患者视力均恢复至0.3～0.8,术后第1d,仅3眼眼内压轻度升高,达22～28mmHg,经治疗观察1wk后2眼眼内压恢复正常,仍有1眼眼内压升高至27mmHg,经局部用药控制,未再行手术治疗。结论:对于部分合并有青光眼的白内障患者行单纯的超声乳化手术能确实的恢复视力,控制眼压。     

Long-term results of non-valved Glaucoma drainage implant surgery and glaucoma drainage implant combined with trabeculectomy

Purpose:

The purpose was to investigate the efficacy and complications of nonvalved glaucoma drainage implant (GDI) surgery and GDI combined with trabeculectomy.

Subjects and Methods:

Serial Japanese patients who received GDI were retrospectively investigated. The survival rate of eyes was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, defining death as: (1) Intraocular pressure (IOP) <6 mmHg, or ≥22 mmHg, and <20% reduction of preoperative IOP, (2) additional glaucoma surgery, (3) loss of light perception. Prognostic factors of age, sex, previous surgery, type of glaucoma, synechial closure, preoperative IOP, type of GDI (single-, double-plate Molteno, Baerveldt 350) and GDI combined with trabeculectomy were investigated employing proportional hazards analysis.

Results:

One hundred and twenty-four eyes of 109 patients aged 53.3 ± 7.8 years old were analyzed. Types of GDI were single-plate (15.3%), double-plate Molteno (71.8%), and Baerveldt 350 (12.9%). The results of survival rate analysis were 86.1, 71.1, 71.1, and 64.6% for 1, 3, 5, and 10 years respectively. Thirty-four eyes (27.4%) died because of uncontrolled IOP (19.4%), loss of light perception (5.6%), and additional glaucoma surgery (2.4%). Single-plate Molteno was the only risk factor for failure. Persistent unphysiological hypotony (0.8%) and bullous keratopathy (5.6%) were observed.

Conclusion:

Nonvalved GDI surgery and GDI combined with trabeculectomy using nonabsorbable tube ligature proved to be an excellent device for any type of glaucoma in Japanese patients. Hypotony and corneal endothelial loss are the most serious complication in the long-term results of our patients.