抑癌基因P16表达与肺癌患者预后

目的：观察Ｐ１６蛋白在肺癌组织的表达情况，了解该基因与肺癌的预后关系。方法：应用ＳＰ免疫组织化学方法对７６例肺癌中抑癌基因ＣＤＫＮ２Ｐ１６蛋白表达进行研究。结果：７６例肺癌Ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性率为４４７％。Ｐ１６蛋白表达与肺癌的病理分级及预后有显著差异（Ｐ＜００５），与临床分期有一定相关性。结论：Ｐ１６抑癌基因对肺癌的发生发展起着某种关键作用     

阴茎癌及其癌旁组织中癌基因ras产物P21蛋白的表达

探讨阴茎癌及其癌旁组织中癌基因ｒａｓ产物Ｐ２１蛋白表达的临床意义。方法 用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测３２例阴茎癌、３２例癌旁组织和１６例正常阴茎组织的癌基因ｒａｓ产物Ｐ２１蛋白。结果 ２８例癌组织，８例癌旁组织中有Ｐ２１蛋白表达，而１６例正常阴茎组织中２１阴性。Ｐ２１蛋白和病理分级、临床分期呈正相关表达、即随分级和分期的上升阳性增强，并且癌旁组织Ｐ２１蛋白表达阳性者显示早期复发和转移的不良预后。结论 Ｐ     

40例阴茎癌及其癌旁组织中ras癌基因P~（21）蛋白的表达

应用免疫组织化学技术（ＡＢＣ法）对４０例阴茎癌及癌旁组织中ｒａｓ癌基因Ｐ２１蛋白的检测。结果表明：阴茎癌组织中Ｐ２１蛋白阳性率为８５％；而４０例癌旁组织中Ｐ２１蛋白阳性率仅为２５％。Ｐ２１蛋白阳性率随着病理分级、临床分期的升级而增高，癌旁组织中Ｐ２１蛋白阳性者预后不佳。     

40例阴茎癌及其癌旁组织中ras癌基因P^21蛋白的表达

应用免疫组织化学技术（ＡＢＣ法）对４０例阴茎癌及癌旁组织中ｒａｓ癌基因Ｐ＾２１蛋白的检测。结果表明，阴茎癌组织中Ｐ＾２１蛋白阳性率为８５％；而４０例癌旁组织中Ｐ＾２１蛋白阳性率仅为２５％，Ｐ＾２１蛋白阳性率随着病理分级，临床分期的升级而增高，癌旁组织中Ｐ＾２１蛋白阳性者预后不佳。     

抑癌基因p53、nm23、p16在儿童胚芽细胞肿瘤中的表达及意义

目的 初步探讨抑癌基因ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３、ｐ１６在儿童胚芽细胞肿瘤中的表达及意义。方法 对３０例儿童胚芽细胞肿瘤石蜡标本进行免疫组织化学染色,观察肿瘤组织中抑癌基因ｐ５３、ｎｍ２３、ｐ１６的表达情况。结果 在３０例肿瘤标本中有较高的ｐ５３阳性表达率和ｐ１６阴性表达率,均达６３．３％（１９／３０）,有约５０％的病例呈ｎｍ２３阳性表达（１６／３０）,但三种抑癌基因的表达与发病年龄、临床分期、预后及肿瘤部     

抑癌基因P16和Rb在肾癌中的表达和意义

为了探讨肾癌抑癌基因Ｐ１６、Ｒｂ与临床病理及预后的关系，采用免疫组织化学Ｓ－Ｐ法对５３例肾癌中Ｐ１６、Ｒｂ进行检测。结果显示：５３例肾癌Ｐ１６表达的阳性率为３７．７％，共阳性表达与肿瘤的病理分极、临床分期及预后均密切相关，差异有差异性（Ｐ〈０．０５），提法Ｐ１６例抑制肾肿瘤的发生、发展中起重要作用，可以作为判定肾癌恶性程度、自然病程及预后的客观指标。应用Ｒｂ基因蛋白抗体检测肾癌（Ｓ－Ｐ法），其阳性     

P16蛋白在肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨抑癌基因ｐ１６与肺癌预后的关系。方法应用ＳＰ免疫组织化学方法对７６例肺癌标本中ＣＤＫＮ２抑癌基因Ｐ１６蛋白表达进行了研究。结果７６例肺癌标本中Ｐ１６蛋白表达阳性率为４５％（３４／７６）。其中鳞癌的阳性率为５２％（２３／４４）,腺癌为２９％（７／２４）,二者比较差异有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｐ１６蛋白表达与肺癌的病理分级及预后呈显著相关性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论ｐ１６基因对肺癌的发生发展有着重要意义。     

抑癌基因p16在膀胱癌中的表达及意义

目的通过对p16蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达水平的研究来探讨其与肿病发生的相关性。方法应用免疫组织化学S-P法检测53例膀胱移行细胞癌p16蛋白的表达。结果53例膀胱移行细胞癌中,p16蛋白表达阳性率41.5%;在膀胱移行细胞癌Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级中分别为70%、35.3%、25%,p16蛋白表达阳性率随病理分级增高而降低,Ⅰ级与Ⅱ、Ⅲ级比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不同的临床分期Tis-T1、T2-T4期p16表达阳性率分别为55.5%、26.9%,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论抑癌基因产物p16蛋白在膀胱移行细胞癌中表达的阳性率与肿瘤病理分级及临床分期有密切的关系。     

抑癌基因PTEN在乳腺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 :研究抑癌基因 PTEN在乳腺癌中的表达并探讨其临床意义。方法 :应用免疫组织化学方法检测92例乳腺癌以及 18例癌旁正常组织中 PTEN表达并分析其与临床病理及预后的相关性。结果 :乳腺癌组织中 PTEN高表达率为 5 4 .3% (5 0 / 92 ) ,明显低于癌旁正常组织 (P<0 .0 1)。 PTEN表达与淋巴结转移、临床分期、组织学分级以及雌激素受体相关 (P<0 .0 5 )。 PTEN高表达的乳腺癌术后 5 a无病生存率明显高于阴性表达者 (P<0 .0 5 )。结论 :PTEN表达与乳腺癌发生、发展及预后密切相关。提示检测抑癌基因 PTEN表达可作为判定乳腺癌恶性程度和预后的有效生物学指标     

肝细胞癌cathepsin L表达分析

目的探讨cathepsinL蛋白在肝细胞癌中的表达及其与肿瘤临床病理特征的关系。方法58例肝细胞癌中病理分级高分化18例、中分化18例、低分化22例;临床分期Ⅰ＋Ⅱ期26例、Ⅲ＋Ⅳ期32例。采用免疫组织化学染色、RT-PCR法检测cathepsinL表达,结合患者临床病理指标及预后进行分析。结果cathepsin L表达阳性率为72．4％（42／58）,不同病理分级、临床分期及转移分组cathepsin L表达阳性率差异显著。cathepsin L mRNA检出阳性率65．5％（38／58）,cathepsin L mRNA的表达与肝细胞癌的病理分级、临床分期及淋巴转移有相关性。结论cathepsin L在肝细胞癌的生长浸润、侵袭转移中发挥重要作用,可作为肝细胞癌预后判断的客观指标之一。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.