人体模型训练在大学生心肺复苏技能培训中的应用效果分析

[目的]了解大学生急救知识与技能培训需求,并探讨心肺复苏训练人体模型在高校心肺复苏(CPR)培训中的应用。[方法]采用自行设计问卷先对50名大学生进行急救知识与技能培训需求调查,并由5名急救资深护士结合人体模型对该人群进行CPR培训,比较培训前后CPR相关知识与技能掌握情况。[结果]50名大学生均表示希望获得急救知识与技能,其中49人表示愿意参加急救知识培训,且84.0%学生表示最喜欢的急救知识培训方式为现场讲座培训;培训后大学生对CPR相关知识掌握情况显著高于培训前。[结论]大学生急救知识与技能培训需求普遍较高,以学校为单位应用心肺复苏训练人体模型开展大学生CPR培训可显著提高其CPR知识与技能。     

厦门市高中学生心肺复苏知识掌握现状调查及干预效果

[目的]了解厦门市高中学生对心肺复苏知识的认知和掌握现状,探讨其干预效果,为进一步在学校普及急救知识和技能提供参考。[方法]分层整群抽取厦门市3所中学高中学生461名,自行设计调查问卷及心肺复苏理论知识试卷,对其心肺复苏知识掌握情况进行调查,再通过理实一体化综合教学模式开展干预,并行干预效果评估。[结果]干预前41.00%的学生曾接受过心肺复苏知识培训,6.07%的学生从未听说过心肺复苏,34.06%的学生不知晓心肺复苏的作用,91.76%的学生不敢为他人行心肺复苏,87.20%的学生觉得有必要学习心肺复苏,心肺复苏理论考试合格率为12.15%,操作考试合格率为2.39%。干预后学生心肺复苏知识水平明显提高,干预前后学生对心肺复苏的知晓程度及理论与操作考试成绩比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.01)。[结论]厦门市高中学生对心肺复苏知识的认知和掌握率较低,建议学校及各级教育部门应重视急救技能的宣传与培训,提高学生的自救与互救能力。     

培训警务人员心肺复苏技能的方法及意义

目的探讨对警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的方法和意义。方法采用问卷调查与培训相结合的方式,对不同警种的91名警务人员进行心肺复苏知识和技能的调查培训。结果培训前91名警务人员普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能;通过培训,理论考核合格率从培训前的13.19%上升到94.51%,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),心肺复苏操作考核合格率达100%。结论医院培训是提高警务人员心肺复苏知识与技能的一种有效方法;拓展了护理工作的服务领域,为护士走进社区普及急救知识和技能奠定了基础。     

公众心肺复苏培训效果评价工具的修订及信效度分析

目的 以《2010美国心脏协会心肺复苏及心血管急救指南》为标准对课题组前期自行开发的知识测试卷和心肺复苏技能评价表进行修订及信效度分析,为今后公众心肺复苏培训的效果评价提供可靠的依据.方法 在前期研制的2005版公众心肺复苏知识测试卷和心肺复苏技能评价表基础上,大量查阅中英文文献,根据2010美国心脏协会心肺复苏指南对其进行修订,通过专家法对新建立的公众心肺复苏知识测试卷和技能评价表的条目进行了内容效度的分析,公众心肺复苏知识测试卷和技能评价表又分别采用重测信度和评价者间信度分析法对该工具进行信度检验.结果 公众心肺复苏知识测试卷和心肺复苏技能评价表中每个条目的内容效度指数CVI值为0.75～1.00;公众心肺复苏知识测试卷的重测信度为0.880;2位考核员CPR技能评价表评分的相关系数r值为0.861;操作评分的组内相关系数分析ICC值为0.916(P ＜0.01);操作合格判定的一致性Kappa值为0.809(P ＜0.01).结论 修订后的2010版公众心肺复苏知识测试卷和心肺复苏技能评价表具有良好的信效度,适合我国公众心肺复苏培训效果的评价测量.     

社区公众心肺复苏知识和技能培训效果分析

目的:观察对社区公众心肺复苏知识和技能培训的效果。方法:采用问卷法对深圳市龙岗区1562名社区公众心肺复苏急救知识进行调查,然后现场进行心肺复苏知识培训,并对其中120人培训前后进行单人徒手心肺复苏术操作考核评估。结果:培训后社区公众心肺复苏急救知识知晓率、单人徒手心肺复苏术评分、及格率均高于培训前(P<0.05)。结论:以社区为单位开展心肺复苏急救知识培训,对社区公众掌握一定的急救技能及提高应急能力有较好的效果。     

新版心肺复苏指南指导下团队心肺复苏演练效果评价

[目的]以2010年美国心脏协会心肺复苏及心血管急救指南为指导,实施团队心肺复苏演练,以确保复苏有序,提高复苏成效。[方法]2013年7月—2014年8月,选择我院急诊科42名医务人员在2010年国际心肺复苏指南指导下,分别进行三人组和四人组团队心肺复苏演练。[结果]两组演练后总复苏时间、胸外按压中断时间、人工气道建立时间、监护落实时间、除颤落实时间、静脉通道建立时间、肾上腺素使用时间均明显下降,且两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),四人组上述指标均低于三人组(P0.05);演练后两组医护人员的急救知识与急救技能评分明显提高,与演练前比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),演练后四人组急救知识、急救技能评分高于三人组(P0.05);演练后四人组医护人员期望演练、认为抢救有用、愿意施救、配合抢救的比例明显高于三人组(P0.05)。[结论]以团队形式实施心肺复苏能提高复苏时效性,增强医护人员的急救意愿比例及其急救知识与技能评分。     

绍兴市医务人员心肺复苏技能掌握现状的研究

目的 通过对临床一线医护人员心肺复苏技能(CPR)考核结果分析,提出CPR再教育培训的必要性.方法 根据浙江省院内心肺复苏技能考核评价标准和2005年国际心肺复苏指南,制订徒手心肺复苏考核评分标准,对绍兴市13家医院65名夜间一线值班医护人员行现场心肺复苏模拟考试,对各类医院间合格率和急救与非急救专业间正确率进行比较.结果 平均合格率为55.9%;三级综合性医院优于三级专科医院;急救专业医护人员的技能掌握优于非急救专业,但两者对知识更新掌握无差异.结论 应尽快建立规范化CPR培训机构,明确CPR强化训练的必要性,开展智能化心肺复苏教育新模式,积极培养急救复苏专业性队伍.     

浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能的现况调查

[目的]了解浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能现状,为社区护士心肺复苏技能培训提供依据。[方法]采用复旦大学出版社的《临床护理教程》中的心肺复苏术评价标准及模拟人对上海市浦东新区120名社区护士进行心肺复苏技能测评。[结果]浦东新区护士心肺复苏技能水平不高,得分51.16分±12.87分;及格率22.00%,优秀率、良好率均为0;不同医院护士得分具有统计学意义(P<0.01);不同背景护士心肺复苏技能得分无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]浦东新区社区护士心肺复苏技能亟待提高,建议加大培训力度,完善急救培训网络。     

公众对心肺复苏认知和培训模式倾向的研究探讨

目的 探讨公众对心肺复苏的认知水平和培训模式的倾向。方法 选取2016年9月至2017年6月参与心肺复苏认知水平和培训模式倾向调查的公众120名作为研究对象,采用自行设计的心肺复苏认知水平调查表对公众进行评估,包括:心肺复苏知晓度、获取途径、现场急救处理、是否接受心肺复苏培训、是否愿意对他人施救、是否愿意学习心肺复苏操作,统计公众对心肺复苏培训模式的培训倾向。结果 公众心肺复苏认知水平调查结果显示,70. 83%公众知道心肺复苏,16. 67%公众听说过,12. 50%公众不知道;公众获取心肺复苏知识主要途径为电视(37. 50%)与网络(35. 83%);在现场应急处理中,65. 00%公众选择打急救电话,仅8. 33%公众能独立进行现场救治;接受过心肺复苏培训的公众仅有11. 67%; 67. 50%公众不愿意对其他人进行急救; 72. 50%公众愿意学习心肺复苏操作;心肺复苏培训模式倾向调查排在前两位的分别为模拟急救场景模式(57. 50%)和视频指导自学模式(25. 00%)。结论 公众对心肺复苏认知度不高,对培训模式倾向于模拟急救场景培训,应采取有效的干预措施提高公众心肺复苏认知度及急救技能。     

义工对公众开展急救培训的效果观察

[目的]探索医护人员及医学生组成的义工组织对公众实施急救培训的效果,为提高公众急救水平提供新的途径。[方法]由广东医科大学学生及广东医科大学附属医院医护人员组成义工团深入单位、学校及社区对公众进行急救知识与技能培训。采用自行编制的公众急救知识与技能调查问卷、实践操作及效果评价等方法,评价义工对公众急救培训的效果。[结果]培训前后公众急救知识、态度、行为评分比较差异有统计学意义(P0.01);94.9%的公众通过心肺复苏技能考核,92.9%的公众通过创伤救护技能考核;公众对开展急救培训的评价较高。[结论]由义工对公众开展急救培训能提高公众对院前急救知识的认识,提升公众的急救技能。     

心脏病患者家属心肺复苏知识的认知和需求调查

目的了解心脏病患者家属对心肺复苏知识的认知和需求。方法自行设计问卷,对心脏病患者家属168人进行调查。结果心脏病患者家属对心肺复苏知识认知差,对心肺复苏知识及急救技能的需求度高,165人愿意接受心肺复苏相关知识、心肺复苏技术的培训。结论重视对心脏病患者家属开展心肺复苏的培训,以提高家属的现场急救意识及急救技能。     

对中学生进行心肺复苏技能培训的方法与效果

目的探讨对中学生进行心肺复苏知识和技能培训的方法及意义。方法采用多种培训形式相结合的方法对不同年级的200名中学生进行心肺复苏技能培训,在培训前后对中学生心肺复苏知识和技能进行测评。结果200名中学生普遍缺乏心肺复苏知识和技能,通过培训,心肺复苏理论知识考核合格率从培训前7％上升到94．5％,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;心肺复苏操作考核合格率达100％;低年级与高年级的中学生培训后心肺复苏技能考核首次合格率比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论中学生心肺复苏知识普遍缺乏,建议从初中生抓起,将急救知识及技能纳入九年义务教育课程体系,合适的培训方法能有效地提高中学生心肺复苏技能,同时,争取行政支持,学校与医院联合培训是普及中学生心肺复苏技能的有效途径。     

襄阳市5所医院急诊科护士急救知识和技能水平的调查

目的了解急诊科护士对急救物品相关知识及急救技能的掌握情况,为提高急诊科护士急救水平提供依据。方法采用问卷调查法对我市5所医院111名急诊科护士的急救物品及药品相关知识掌握情况进行调查;采用现场考核法考核护士的急救技术。结果 107名急诊科护士的急救知识得分为(71.48±10.22)分,不同护龄、职称和学历的急诊科护士的急救知识得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对急救物品管理合格率为92.52%、用法合格者率为86.92%,急救药品知识的合格率为73.83%、用法合格率为71.96%;心肺复苏、除颤仪操作、呼吸机的使用、洗胃术、气管插管术及创伤患者的急救等各项急救技术的合格率分别为76.64%、71.03%、42.06%、85.98%、28.04%及62.52%。结论急诊科护士急救知识掌握较欠缺,急救技术与急救药品知识合格率也较低,护理管理者应为急诊科护士尤其是低年资护士提供有针对性的急救知识与技能培训,强化全体护士的急救技术和药品知识。     

临床护理实习生心肺复苏知识、技能与实施意愿调查

目的：了解临床护理实习生心肺复苏( cardiopulmonary resuscitation,CPR)理论知识和技能掌握情况以及院外实施心肺复苏意愿,为开展心肺复苏培训提供参考依据。方法采用“临床护理实习生心肺复苏调查问卷”与“单人徒手心肺复苏行为操作考核评分表”对某三甲医院176名护理实习生进行心肺复苏知识、技能掌握与现场实施心肺复苏意愿调查。结果临床护理实习生总体对CPR基础知识掌握较好,CPR技能掌握有待提高,不同学历护理实习生对CPR理论知识和技能掌握差异有统计学意义( P<0.05),护理实习生对陌生人和亲近人实施CPR意愿差异有统计学意义( P<0.05),对同一对象实施人工呼吸与胸外心脏按压意愿差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。结论护理实习生CPR技能有待提高,学校和医院需进一步加强对护理实习生CPR培训与复训,找出现场施救的障碍因素,提高护理实习生院外实施CPR的意愿。     

The 'ABC for life' programme - teaching basic life support in schools

BACKGROUND: Less than 1% of the general public know how to assess or manage someone who has collapsed. It has been estimated that if 15-20% of the population were capable of performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), mortality of out of hospital cardiac arrest could be decreased significantly. Training basic life support (BLS) skills to school children would be the most cost effective way of achieving this goal and ensuring that a large proportion of the population acquire basic life saving skills. AIMS: To assess retention of knowledge of basic life support 6 months after a single course of instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation designed specifically for school children. SETTING: School pupils in a rural location in one region of the United Kingdom. METHODS: A course of instruction in cardiopulmonary resuscitation - the 'ABC for life' programme - specifically designed to teach 10-12-year-old school children basic life support skills. The training session was given to school pupils in a rural location in Northern Ireland. A 22 point questionnaire was used to assess acquisition and retention of basic life support knowledge. RESULTS: Children instructed in cardiopulmonary resuscitation showed a highly significant increase in level of knowledge following the training session. While their level of knowledge decreased over a period of 6 months it remained significantly higher than that of a comparable group of children who had never been trained. CONCLUSION: A training programme designed and taught as part of the school curriculum would have a significant impact on public health.     

Relatives in the resuscitation room: their point of view.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether bereaved next of kin would like to have been present in the resuscitation room during attempted cardiopulmonary resuscitation of their relative, and their experience or knowledge of what is involved in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. METHODS: The next of kin of patients who had recently died after unsuccessful cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the accident and emergency department were contacted initially by telephone and then sent a postal questionnaire. RESULTS: Four (11%) of 35 respondents had been asked whether they wished to be present in the resuscitation room; 24 (69%) would like to have been offered the opportunity, even though not all would have accepted. The respondents had a wide variety of perceptions of what happens during resuscitation, few of which corresponded to clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Most relatives of patients requiring cardiopulmonary resuscitation would like to be offered the possibility of being in the resuscitation room; this could have several benefits.     

Knowledge and attitude towards paediatric cardiopulmonary resuscitation among the carers of patients attending the Emergency Department of the Children's Hospital at Westmead

The present study aimed to describe the knowledge and attitudes of parents and carers in performing cardiopulmonary resuscitation on infants and children. A self‐administered questionnaire distributed to a convenience sample of parents and carers attending the Emergency Department of The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Australia from February to March 2008. Main outcome measures were the prevalence of previous cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, willingness and confidence to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on infants and children compared with adults, and an objective assessment of knowledge of current resuscitation guidelines. A total of 348 parents and carers were surveyed; 53% had received previous cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, 75% prior to the previous year. There was no significant difference on their willingness to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on an adult versus a child (75.6% and 75.8% respectively, P= 0.870). However, 81% were willing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a relative whereas only 64% were willing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a stranger (P < 0.001). Respondents were moderately confident in delivering cardiopulmonary resuscitation to a collapsed child; mean score of 2.9 on 5‐point Likert scale. Only 11% of respondents knew the correct rate for chest compressions and the ratio of compressions to ventilations; 8% had performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a real situation. Parents and carers are willing to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, especially on family members. However, their knowledge of the current guidelines was poor. More public education is required to update those with previous training and to encourage those who haven't to be trained.     

Assessment of knowledge and attitude about basic life support among dental interns and postgraduate students in Bangalore city,India

BACKGROUND: Life-threatening emergencies can occur at anytime, at anywhere and in anyone. Effective management of an emergency situation in the dental office is ultimately the dentist's responsibility. The lack of training and inability to cope with medical emergencies can lead to tragic consequences and sometimes legal complications. Therefore, health professionals including dentists must be well prepared to deal with medical emergencies. This study was undertaken to assess the knowledge about and attitude towards basic life support(BLS) among dental interns and postgraduate students in Bangalore city, India.METHODS: A cross sectional survey was conducted among dental interns and postgraduate students from May 2014 to June 2014 since few studies have been conducted in Bangalore city. A questionnaire with 17 questions regarding the knowledge about and attitude towards BLS was distributed to 202 study participants.RESULTS: The data analyzed using the Chi-square test showed that dental interns and postgraduate students had average knowledge about BLS. In the 201 participants, 121(59.9%) had a positive attitude and 81(40.1%) had a negative attitude towards BLS.CONCLUSIONS: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be considered as part of the dental curriculum. Workshops on a regular basis should be focused on skills of cardiopulmonary resuscitation for dental students.     

镇区医院院前猝死49例临床分析

目的:总结镇区医院院外猝死发生的临床特点,提高院前急救的成功率.方法:回顾性分析2005年1月～2011年12月我院救治的院外猝死49例的临床资料.结果:猝死前有心血管病史者24例,有前驱症状者14例,猝死高发年龄为40～60岁,家中猝死者占71.4％;由目击者进行心肺复苏(CPR)的3例中复苏有效1例;呼叫至到达现场的平均时间为11.4分钟.结论:对已有心血管病基础病史的患者应关注其发生猝死的可能性,在人群中普及以CPR为主的初级救护知识和努力缩短急救反应时间可提高CPR的成功率.