基于64层CT的左冠状动脉前降支动脉硬化程度与左心功能改变相关性研究

目的：利用64层CT对左冠状动脉前降支动脉硬化与左心功能变化之间的相关性进行评估.方法：经64层CT确诊的左冠状动脉前降支（LAD）硬化狭窄共83例,正常对照组20例,均行64层螺旋CT心功能分析,分别计算出左室心肌质量、左室射血分数、左室舒张末期容积、左室收缩末期容积和每搏输出量等参数.按前降支管腔狭窄程度（〈50%,50%～70%,〉75%）对研究对象进行分组,并进行统计学分析.结果：A组（管腔狭窄〈50%）21例,心功能参数无显著变化;B组（管腔狭窄50%～75%）33例,主要表现为左室心肌质量增加,左室收缩末期容积增加,射血分数减小;C组（管腔狭窄〉75%）29例,可见LAD多发软斑块或混合性宽块,左心室心功能明显减低.结论：随着左冠状动脉前降支狭窄程度加重,心功能经历代偿到失代偿动态过程,64层CT在评价冠状动脉粥样硬化狭窄程度与心功能相关性方面具有重要价值.     

应用64层CT一次扫描完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性初步研究

目的研究64层CT一次扫描同时完成心脏冠脉成像及心功能分析的可行性。方法96例患者均行MSCT心脏成像扫描和MR心脏检查,数据分别按照冠脉成像和心功能分析要求进行重建和后处理,评估。结果1271段冠脉血管中有约99%血管显示清晰,达到诊断要求;心功能分析数据左室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左室每搏输出量(LVSV)、左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室心肌容积(LVMV)与MR相关数据的相关系数分别为0.84、0.91、0.94、0.89、0.88。结论MSCT可以在一次扫描中完成冠脉成像和心功能数据采集,具有极高应用价值。     

64层螺旋CT与屏气电影法MRI对左心室功能评价的对比研究

目的 探讨64层螺旋CT在评价左心室功能中的应用及其所得各指标与多次屏气电影法MR测量左室心功能各指标的相关性.方法 对临床拟诊冠心病的28例患者分别进行64层螺旋CT及MR心功能分析.结果 2种方法测得的左室功能指标其相关性为r＝0.717～0.927.64层螺旋CT测得的左室舒张末容积(LVEVD)、左室收缩末容积(LVESV)较MRI大,左室射血分数(LVEF)及左室心肌质量(LVMM)较MRI小且均具有统计差异,左室每搏输出量(LVSV)较MRI大但无统计学差异.结论 本研究表明64层螺旋CT与多次屏气电影法MRI在测量左心室功能方面具有较好的相关性.利用64层螺旋CT冠状动脉造影,可以同时分析冠状动脉的情况及获得左室功能指标.     

陈旧性心肌梗死体积与左心功能相关性的MRI研究

目的：评价MRI心肌灌注及电影成像在陈旧性心肌梗死及左心功能评价中的应用价值。方法：33例诊断为陈旧性心肌梗死的患者（病变组）,均行心脏MRI灌注及电影成像。分析左心室室壁运动、心肌灌注首过期和延迟期MRI特征,确定梗死心肌的程度及范围。分析梗死心肌体积与室壁运动、左室功能的相关性。选取25例正常体检者作为对照组,评价病变组与对照组心脏形态与功能。结果：33例病变组中32例（97.0%）延迟期心肌可见高信号,其中20例（60.6%）首过期灌注减低,12例（36.4%）无灌注减低;1例（3.0%）首过期灌注减低且延迟期无心肌强化。延迟期心肌强化阳性率与首过期灌注减低率差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.589,P>0.05）。病变组梗死心肌体积平均值为（22.1±12.3） cm³,与射血分数呈负相关（r=-0.78,P<0.05）,与左室室壁运动异常、左室舒张末期容积、收缩末期容积呈正相关（r=0.76、0.68、0.72,均P<0.05）,与每搏输出量无明显相关性（r=0.23,P>0.05）。病变组左室长轴径、短轴径、左室舒张末期容积均较对照组增大,左室射血分数减小（P<0.05）。结论：MRI心肌灌注及电影序列可有效评价陈旧性心肌梗死程度和范围,且心肌梗死体积与室壁运动异常、左室功能相关。     

实时三维超声右心室容积曲线评价肺心病右心室收缩功能的价值

目的探讨实时三维超声右心室容积曲线评价肺心病患者右心室收缩功能的临床价值.材料和方法应用实时三维超声(RT-3DE)技术测量19例肺心病心功能代偿期(Ⅰ组)和16例心功能失代偿期(Ⅱ组)患者的右心室舒张末期容积(RVEDV)、收缩末期容积(RVESV)、每搏量(RVSV)及射血分数(RVEF).另选取20名健康成年人为对照组.结果肺心病Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组与对照组比较RVEDV增大,RVSV、RVEF减低(P＜0.01),且肺心病Ⅱ组差异更显著.随着心功能的降低,三维右心室容积曲线逐渐低平、收缩峰值后移.结论三维右心室容积曲线能够客观地反映肺心病代偿期与失代偿期右心室收缩功能的变化.     

64层CT心电门控血管造影对急性肺栓塞右室功能的评价

目的：评价64层CT心电门控肺动脉造影（CTPA）对急性肺栓塞右室功能的价值。方法：回顾性分析64层CT心电门控CTPA且影像质量良好的患者共45例,所有患者均同时进行了常规CTPA。对常规CTPA患者,测量横断位、四腔心左右室最大短轴内径。对心电门控CTPA患者,测量舒张末期和收缩末期心室最大内径,并计算左、右室舒张末期和收缩末期容积。然后对阳性组与阴性组之间右心功能各组参数进行独立样本t检验,并对中央型、周围型及阴性组之间参数进行方差分析或非参数检验。结果：45例患者中,阳性30例,其中中央型20例、周围型10例。对于阴性组与阳性组,右室收缩末期容积（P=0.02）、每搏输出量（P=0.015）及射血分数（P=0.01）在两组之间的差异有统计学意义,右室/左室（RV/LV）收缩末期容积比在两组之间有统计学差异（P=0.005）。对于中央型、周围型与阴性组,右室每搏输出量、射血分数在中央型与阴性组之间以及周围型与阴性组之间均有统计学差异（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。RV/LV容积比在中央型与阴性组之间,以及收缩末期中央型与周围型之间均有统计学差异（P〈0.05）。右室内径及RV/LV内径比在阴性与阳性组之间无统计学差异,但RV/LV内径比在中央型与阴性组之间（P〈0.05）或周围型之间（P〈0.01）有统计学差异。结论：64层CT心电门控肺动脉造影对评价右室功能有一定的价值。     

双源CT不同R-R间期间隔法在定量评估左心功能中的对比研究

目的 探讨双源CT(dual-source CT,DSCT)不同R-R间期间隔重组在测定评估左心功能时有无差异性.资料与方法 对正常组(24名)和冠心病患者组(26例)行DSCT冠状动脉造影,分别以2%、5%及10%R-R间期间隔重组,并测定各间期左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、每搏输出量(SV)、左室射血分数(EF).对测得的数据行单因素方差分析.结果 以2%、5%及10%R-R间期间隔重组测定左心功能时,各参数间差异无显著统计学意义.结论 以2%、5%及10%R.R间期间隔重组测定左心功能各指标之间的相关性高,临床可以应用10%R-R间期间隔重组测定左心功能,相对方便、快捷、精确.     

不同抗荷体质训练方法对空军青少年航空学校学生心脏结构与功能的影响

目的 通过超声心动图评估不同抗荷体质训练方法对空军青少年航空学校学生心脏结构与功能的影响.方法 随机抽取空军青少年航空学校2016级377名参加传统抗荷体质训练方法训练的高三学生为传统训练组(A组)、2017级300名参加改进抗荷体质训练方法训练的高三学生为改进训练组(B组).对比2组的超声心动图指标,包括:左室舒张末期室壁厚度(left ventricular end diastolic wall thickness,LVWd)、左室收缩末期室壁厚度(left ventricular end systolic wall thickness,LVWs)、左室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVIDd)、左室收缩末期内径(left ventricular end systolic diameter,LVIDs)、左室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左室缩短分数(left ventricular fractional shortening,LVFS)、左室舒张末期容积(left ventricular end diastolic volume,LVEDV)、左室收缩末期容积(left ventricular end systolic volume,LVESV)、左室每搏输出量(left ventricular stroke volume,LVSV)各参数,计算左室心肌重量(left ventricular myocardialweight,LVM)、室壁增厚率(left ventricular wall thickening fraction,LVWTF),并进行统计学分析.结果 改进训练组LVWs、LVIDd、LVIDs、LVEF、LVFS、LVEDV、LVESV、LVSV、LVWTF均大于传统训练组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而LVWd、LVM差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 改进抗荷体质训练方法,使学生心脏形态发生适应性代偿改变,有效提升了学生心脏功能.     

320排CT在评价左心功能中的研究

目的研究320排CT在评价患者左心功能中的应用。方法采用320排CT评价86例原发性高血压患者左心功能,包括左心室舒张末期容积(end-diastolic volume,EDV)、收缩末期容积(end-systolic volume,ESV)、每搏输出量(stroke volume,SV)和射血分数(ejection fraction,EF),与超声心动图测定的相关指标进行比较。结果 320排CT测定的左心功能各项指标与超声心动图存在较高的相关性(r=0.76~0.90),两者无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论 320排CT在评价左心功能方面准确、可靠,与超声心动图所得各项指标相关性高,还可以同时进行冠脉病变诊断,具有较高的临床应用价值。     

低剂量双能量冠状动脉成像在心脏功能检查中的应用

目的 :探讨低剂量双能量冠状动脉成像在心脏功能检查中的可行性。方法 :收集60例低剂量双能量冠状动脉成像发现冠状动脉左前降支(LAD)狭窄患者,并行DSA检查,分析其左心室功能及心肌灌注改变。结果:60例LAD不同程度狭窄患者的左室舒张末期容积(EDV)、收缩末期容积(ESV)、射血分数(EF)、心肌质量(MM)比较差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),每搏输出量(SV)、心输出量(CO)比较差异均无统计学意义(均P0.05)。左心室心肌灌注异常情况:正常组无灌注异常;轻度狭窄组2例,中度狭窄组11例,重度狭窄/闭塞组21例。结论:低剂量双能量冠状动脉成像可评估左心室功能、心肌灌注情况,有一定的临床价值。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.