HPLC法测定止血消炎散中大黄素的含量

目的：建立ＨＰＬＣ法测定止血消炎散中大黄素的含量。方法：固定相：ＲＰ－Ｃ１８柱,流动相：甲醇－水－冰醋酸（８０：２０：１）,检测波长２５４ｎｍ。结果：大黄素浓度在２５～２５０μｇ．ｍｌ＾－１范围内,线性关系良好,ｒ＝０．９９９９。平均回尼率９９．８４％,ＲＳＤ＝１．０２％。结论：本法可用于止血消炎散制剂中大黄素的质量控制     

HPLC法测定丁香油—β—环糊精中丁香酚的含量

目的：测定丁香油－β－环糊精中丁香酚的含量。方法：固定相：Ｗａｔｅｒｓ Ｓｙｍｍｅｔｒｙ Ｃ１８柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ,５μｍ）,流动相：甲醇－水（６５：３５）为,流速０．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,检测波长２８０ｎｍ,选用丹皮酚作为人标物。结果：平均加样回收率为９７．５０％,ＲＳＤ＝０．４９％（ｎ＝６）;在０．０５￣１．６μｇ范围内线性关系良好（ｒ＝０．９９９２）。结论：本法快速、准确,样品处理简便易行     

RP—HPLC法测定复方氧氟沙星栓剂中氧氟沙星和甲硝唑的含量

目的：建立反相高效液相色谱法,测定复方氧氟沙星栓剂中氧氟沙星和甲硝唑的含量。方法：采用ＯＤＳ－Ｃ１８（４．６×２５０ｍｍ）５μｍ不锈钢柱,以盐酸雷尼替丁为内标物,甲醇：水：磷酸：乙乙胺（３０：７０：０．３９：０．７０;ｐＨ＝３．１５）为流动相,检测波长２７５ｎｍ。结果：氧氟沙星在３．０￣２６．０μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１范围内线性关系良好,ｒ＝０．９９９９（ｎ＝５）,平均回收率为９８．８２％,ＲＳＤ＝０．７     

HPLC法同时测定消氮颗粒中芦荟大黄素 大黄酸 大黄素 大黄酚和大黄素甲醚五种成分的含量

目的用HPLC法同时测定消氮颗粒中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚5种成分的含量。方法选用VP-ODS C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）,流动相：甲醇-0.1%磷酸（85∶15）,检测波长：254 nm,流速：1.0 ml·min-1,柱温：30℃。结果芦荟大黄素、大黄素、大黄酸、大黄酚均在1.60-8.00μg·ml-1范围内浓度与峰面积线性关系良好,大黄素甲醚在0.86-4.8μg·ml-1范围内线性关系良好,样品中各成分的平均回收率分别为芦荟大黄素99.07%（RSD为1.81%）,大黄酸98.96%（RSD为1.07%）,大黄素98.65%（RSD为1.33%）,大黄酚99.27%（RSD为1.87%）和大黄素甲醚98.33%（RSD为1.07%）,n=6。结论本文方法快速、灵敏、准确,样品处理简便易行。     

HPLC法测定冠舒注射中丹参素的含量

目的：建立冠舒注射液中丹参素的定量检测方法。方法：采用反 效液相色谱法。色谱柱：Ｋｒｏｍａｓｉｌ Ｃ１８（５μｍ,４．６×２５０ｍｍ）柱,流动相：甲醇－０．５％水醛酸溶液（１５：８５）,检测波长２７８ｍｍ。结果：丹参素在０．３２６￣１．６３２μｇ范围内线笥关系良好,ｒ＝０．９９９,平均回收率９８．７％,ＲＳＤ为１．４７％。结论：所建立的含量测定方法简便、准确,可作为该产品的质量控制方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定法莫替丁含量

目的：高效液相色谱法测定法莫替丁的含量。方法：固定相ＣＬＯ－ＯＤＳ ５μｍ（色柱４．６×１５０ｍｍ）,流动相：甲醇－磷酸盐缓冲液（２０：８０）,以４－氨基安替比林为内标,检测波长为２６８ｎｍ。结果：在２０￣１００μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１范围内,线性关系良好,其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９８。平均回收率为９９．８６％,ＲＳＤ为０．８６％（ｎ＝４）,结论：本法简单快速,可用于法莫替丁的定量分析。     

HPLC法测定前列舒乐颗粒中淫羊藿苷的含量

目的：建立ＨＰＬＣ法测定前列舒乐颗粒中淫羊藿苷的含量。方法：固定相：Ａｌｌｔｉｍａ Ｃ１８分析柱（２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ,５μｍ）,流动相：甲醇－０。５％醛酸（５５：４５）,检测波长：２７０ｎｍ,流速：１．０ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ,柱温：４０℃。结果：淫羊藿苷在０．１３１￣１．０４８μｇ范围内,线性关系良好,ｒ＝０．９９９９。平均回收率为９８．１２％,ＲＳＤ为０．６９％。结论：本法可用于前列舒乐颗粒中淫羊藿     

高效液相色谱法测定苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶剂的含量

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶剂的含量。方法：以丙酸睾酮为内标，采用反相ＯＤＳ色谱柱，甲醇－ 水（８０∶２０） 为流动相，检测波长为２３０ｎｍ 。结果：线性范围内相关系数ｒ＝０－９９９６，回收率为９９－０％ ，ＲＳＤ＝ １－０ ％ ，最小检测量为０－０２２μｇ。结论：ＨＰＬＣ法可用于苯甲酸雌二醇凝胶的含量测定，方法准确，灵敏，专属性强，适用于产品的质量控制     

高效液相色谱法测定顽痹通胶囊中士的宁的含量

目的：建立测定顽痹通胶囊中士的宁含量的高效液相色谱法。方法：采用高效液相色谱法。以ＺＯＲＢＡＸＲＸ－ ＳＩＬ（１５０ｍｍ ×４．６ｍｍ ５μｍ） 为色谱柱;流动相：正已烷－ 二氯甲烷－ 甲醇－ 浓氨水（２７０∶２７０∶２０∶１．７）;检测波长：２５４ｎｍ ;流速：１．０ｍｌ·ｍｉｎ－１ 。结果：士的宁的加样回收率为９７．８２％ ,ＲＳＤ为１．８５％（ ｎ ＝ ５）。结论：该方法准确、灵敏度高,重现性好。     

高效液相色谱法测定龙胆泻肝丸中黄芩苷的含量

目的：用高效液相法测定龙胆泻肝丸中的黄芩苷的含量。方法：采用Ｓｈｉｍｐａｃｋ－Ｃ１８柱,以磷酸二氢铵溶液（ｐＨ３．０）－甲醇（４０：６０）为流动相,检测波长为２７９ｎｍ。结果：对照品在１．６８￣８．４０μｇ·ｍｌ＾－１内呈线性关系,ｒ＝０．９９９８,加样回收率平均为９９．０％,ＲＳＤ为２．２％,本法准确、稳定、重复性好。结论：本法可用于测定龙胆泻肝丸中黄芩苷的含量。     

Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) - validation of a Swedish version

The Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) is a self-administered instrument measuring outcome after knee injury at impairment, disability, and handicap level in five subscales. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of a Swedish version was assessed in 142 patients who underwent arthroscopy because of injury to the menisci, anterior cruciate ligament, or cartilage of the knee. The clinimetric properties were found to be good and comparable to the American version of the KOOS. Comparison to the Short Form-36 and the Lysholm knee scoring scale revealed expected correlations and construct validity. Item by item, symptoms and functional limitations were compared between diagnostic groups. High responsiveness was found three months after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy for all subscales but Activities of Daily Living.     

The acutely limping child

Acute limping may be the result of multiple pathologies in children. The differential diagnosis varies based on the age of the child. Irrespective of age, the initial imaging work-up includes AP and frog leg radiographs of the pelvis and ultrasound; MRI may sometimes be helpful. In children less than 3 years, infections and trauma are most frequent. MRI is the imaging modality of choice when osteomyelitis is clinically suspected. Between the ages of 3 and 10 years, transient synovitis of the hip and Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease are main considerations but infection, inflammation and focal bony lesions are also considered. In children over 10 years, slipped capital femoral epiphysis also is considered.     

Do Balance Board Training Programs Reduce the Risk of Ankle Sprains in Athletes?

Introduction Ankle sprains are the most common musculo-skeletal injury that occurs in athletes,particularly in sports that require jumping and landing on one foot such as soccer,and basketball(1-4).These injuries often result in significant time loss from participation,long-term disability,and have a major impact on health care costs and resources(5-8).     

High Intensity Interval Training:New Insights

KEY POINTS ·High-intensity interval training(HIT)is characterized by repeated sessions of relatively brief，intermittent exercise.often performed with an“a11 out”effort or at an intensity close to that which elicits peak oxygen uptake(i.e.，≥90%of VO2 peak).     

Endovascular management of carotid-cavernous fistulas

Objective To investigate endovascular treatment of traumatic direct carotid-cavernous fistulas （CCF） and their complications such as pseudoaneurysms. Methods： Over a five-year period, 22 patients with traumatic direct CCFs were treated endovascularly in our institution. Thirteen patients were treated once with the result of CCF occluded, 8 twice and 1 three times. Treatment modalities included balloon occlusion of the CCF, sacrifice of the ipsilateral internal carotid artery with detachable balloon, coll embolization of the cavernous sinus and secondary pseudoaneurysms, and covered-stem management of the pseudoaneurysms. Results All the direct CCFs were successfully managed endovascularly. Four patients developed a pseudoaneurysm after the occlusion of the CCF with an incidence of pseudoaneurysm formation of 18.2% （4/22）. A total number of 8 patients experienced permanent occlusion of the ICA with a rate of ICA occlusion reaching 36.4% （8/22）. Followed up through telephone consultation from 6 months to 5 years, all did well with no recurrence of CCF symptoms and signs. Conclusion Traumatic direct CCFs can be successfully managed with endovascular means. The pseudoaneurysms secondary to the occlusion of the CCFs can be occluded with stent-assisted coiling and implantation of covered stents.     

Developmental validation of the PowerPlex(®) ESI 16 and PowerPlex(®) ESI 17 Systems: STR multiplexes for the new European standard

In response to the ENFSI and EDNAP groups’ call for new STR multiplexes for Europe, Promega^® developed a suite of four new DNA profiling kits. This paper describes the developmental validation study performed on the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 (European Standard Investigator 16) and the PowerPlex^® ESI 17 Systems. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System combines the 11 loci compatible with the UK National DNA Database^®, contained within the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® PCR Amplification Kit, with five additional loci: D2S441, D10S1248, D22S1045, D1S1656 and D12S391. The multiplex was designed to reduce the amplicon size of the loci found in the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. This design facilitates increased robustness and amplification success for the loci used in the national DNA databases created in many countries, when analyzing degraded DNA samples. The PowerPlex^® ESI 17 System amplifies the same loci as the PowerPlex^® ESI 16 System, but with the addition of a primer pair for the SE33 locus. Tests were designed to address the developmental validation guidelines issued by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysis Methods (SWGDAM), and those of the DNA Advisory Board (DAB). Samples processed include DNA mixtures, PCR reactions spiked with inhibitors, a sensitivity series, and 306 United Kingdom donor samples to determine concordance with data generated with the AmpFlSTR^® SGM Plus^® kit. Allele frequencies from 242 white Caucasian samples collected in the United Kingdom are also presented. The PowerPlex^® ESI 16 and ESI 17 Systems are robust and sensitive tools, suitable for the analysis of forensic DNA samples. Full profiles were routinely observed with 62.5 pg of a fully heterozygous single source DNA template. This high level of sensitivity was found to impact on mixture analyses, where 54–86% of unique minor contributor alleles were routinely observed in a 1:19 mixture ratio. Improved sensitivity combined with the robustness afforded by smaller amplicons has substantially improved the quantity of data obtained from degraded samples, and the improved chemistry confers exceptional tolerance to high levels of laboratory prepared inhibitors.     

Bronchial stump fistula :treatment with covered retrievable hinged metallic stents-preliminary clinical experience

Objective To evaluate the preliminaily clinical efficacy and retrievability of a retrievable hinged covered metallic stent in the treatment of the bronchial stump fistula （BSF）. Methods Between April 2003 and March 2005, 8 patients with bronchial stump fistula after pneumonectomy or lobectomy were treated with two types （A and B） of retrievable hinged covered metallic stents. Type A stent was placed in 6 patients and type B in 2 under fluoroscopic guidance. The stent was removed with a retrieval set when BSF was healed or complications occurred. Results Stent placement in the bronchial tree was technically successful in all patients, without procedure-related complications. Immediate closure of the BSF was achieved in all patients after the procedure. Stents were removed from all patients but one. Removal of the stents was difficult in two patients due to tissue hyperplasia. Patients were followed up for 6 - 21 months. Placement of the stents remained stable in all patients except one due to severe cough. Permanent closure of BSF was achieved in 7 （87.5%） of 8 patients. Conclusion Use of a retrievable hinged covered expandable metallic stent is a simple, safe, and effective procedure for closure of the BSF. Retrieval of the stent seems to be feasible. （J Intervent Radiol, 2007, 16： 253-257）     

Prevalence and severity of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male football: a cross‐sectional cohort study of 695 players

The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to investigate the prevalence of hip and groin pain in sub‐elite male adult football in Denmark and (b) to explore the association between prevalence and duration of hip and groin pain in the previous season with the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) in the beginning of the new season. In total 695 respondents from 40 teams (Division 1–4) were included. Players completed in the beginning of the new season (July–Sept 2011) a self‐reported paper questionnaire on hip and/or groin pain during the previous season and HAGOS. In total 49% (95% CI: 45–52%) reported hip and/or groin pain during the previous season. Of these, 31% (95% CI: 26–36%) reported pain for >6 weeks. Players with the longest duration of pain during the previous season had the lowest HAGOS scores, when assessed at the beginning of the new season, P < 0.001. This study documents that half of sub‐elite male adult football players report pain in the hip and/or groin during a football season. The football players with the longest duration of pain in previous season displayed the lowest HAGOS scores in the beginning of the new season.