Qualitative study of humanization‐based nursing education focused on role modeling by instructors

This study explored the perspectives and experiences of Iranian nursing students and nursing instructors about role modeling. Using a purposeful sampling strategy, 22 nursing students and seven nursing instructors were recruited from five nursing schools in Tehran. Three focus‐group discussions and two individual semi‐structured interviews with nursing students, and seven semi‐structured interviews with nursing instructors, were conducted to gather data. A qualitative content analysis approach was utilized and three main themes emerged during data analysis: “attempt to promote emotional development,”“attempt to promote spiritual development,” and “attempt to promote intellectual development.” It was concluded that understanding the factors influencing role modeling will be helpful for developing strategies to integrate role modeling into nursing education so as to promote the quality of nursing education in Iran.     

The role of academic-practice partnerships from perspectives of nursing students: A cross -sectional study

BackgroundCollaborations between nursing schools and teaching hospitals are important for achieving the goals of clinical nursing education. While previous work showed that nursing students benefit from academic-practice partnerships, it is unclear how these collaborations help nursing students.ObjectiveTo identify the role of academic-practice partnerships from the perspective of nursing students. Two hypothetical models based on system theory were proposed that utilized input-transformation-output processes. The input, transformation, and outputs were the “academic-practice partnership”, “interaction between nurses and nursing students”, and “professional self-concept and organizational socialization of nursing students”, respectively.DesignThis study used a cross-sectional research design.SettingThis study was conducted at a nursing school in Korea.ParticipantsThe participants included 243 fourth-year nursing students who were about to graduate.MethodsA questionnaire was used to collect data in August 2019. Path analysis was used to explore the models to determine the roles of academic-practice partnerships.ResultsTwo hypothetical models indicated the role of academic-practice partnership. The academic-practice partnership positively affected the interaction between nurses and nursing students, which directly and indirectly benefitted professional self-concept and organizational socialization of nursing students.ConclusionThe higher perceived academic-practice partnership by nursing students, the better their interactions with nurses, professional self-concept, and organizational socialization. Therefore, nursing students should be aware of the academic-practice partnerships and nursing educators should effectively show these partnerships or collaborations to nursing students. Moreover, nursing educators should also encourage nursing students to interact with their preceptors in their practicums and, as nurses are important educators in academic-practice partnerships, they should be qualified as preceptors to teach nursing students.     

本专科实习学生职业认同感的调查分析

目的调查本专科实习学生职业认同感情况,为提出加强学生职业认同感的措施提供依据。方法采用自设问卷,对我校实习后期的50名本科学生和50名专科学生进行职业认同感的调查。结果本、专科学生职业认同感总分分别为（3.18±0.49）分和（3.43±0.37）分。本科学生专业认同感得分低于专科学生（P〈0.05）。对于加强职业认同感的措施,学生更倾向于寻求社会人群的支持、临床带教教师以实例进行现身教育、在教学中寓职教育这几种形式。结论本科学生的职业认同感低于专科,应采取针对性的教育方法,提高学生的职业认同感。     

本科男护生择业心态的定性研究

目的：初步探讨本科男护生择业心态，了解影响择业的有利因素和阻碍因素，为稳定本科男护生的职业态度提供依据。方法：采用定性研究中专题小组讨论的方法，即将毕业的22名本科男护生参与专题小组讨论。结果：22名本科男护生中l6名选择了在医院从事护理工作。影响本科男护生择业的有利因素包括性别优势、医院部分认可、体力充沛、新兴专业有发展前途。阻碍因素包括社会责任大，社会地位低，认同感差，实习中理想与现实的差距大。人际关系范围窄，就业范围受限以及其他同业人员转行的影响。结论：应针对本科男护生开设关于职业生涯规划的课程，强化临床护理教育者的教育信念，实习中增加倾向科室实习的时间，轮转中相对定位，增加男护生参与其他职业的知识储备及机会，发展护理专业。     

When nursing education becomes political: Norm-critical perspectives in a campus-based clinical learning environment

Nursing education is in the process of incorporating critical thinking, social justice, and health inequality perspectives into educational structures, aspiring to help nursing students develop into professional nurses prepared to provide equal care. Norm criticism is a pedagogical philosophy that promotes social justice. This qualitative case study aimed to gain an understanding of and elaborate on an educational development initiative in which norm criticism was incorporated into the composition of a new campus-based clinical learning environment for nursing education. By analyzing documents and interviews with the help of reflexive thematic analysis three themes were generated: “Intention to educate beyond nursing education,” “Educating in alliance with society,” and “The educative ambiguity of the Clinical Learning Centre.” The case study indicates that the incorporation of norm criticism into a campus-based clinical learning environment may encourage nursing students to evolve social skills for nursing practice that support health equality within healthcare. By collaborating with society, nursing education can considerably improve its educational frameworks in alignment with societal demands. However, the inclusion of norm criticism in a setting such as a campus-based clinical learning environment entails a clash with established institutionalized norms and being perceived as too proximate to politics.     

Studying the old masters of nursing: A critical student experience for developing nursing identity

In the past professional identity in nursing was inculcated in students alongside institutional pride. A strong sense of professional identity is key to staff retention and recruitment and key to the delivery of quality nursing care. With the wholesale transfer of pre-registration nursing education to the third level sector, however, the reality is that students now divide their affiliations between university and healthcare institutions and professional identity development may be stymied. For this reason, there is need to explore alternative means of developing professional identity. Exposure to nursing history may counteract this tendency. Based on adult nursing students’ reflections of a visit to the Florence Nightingale Museum, we discuss the potential of this activity in aiding development of critical professional identity.     

Iranian nursing students' perspectives regarding caring for elderly patients

The purpose of this study was to explore Iranian nursing students' perspectives regarding caring for elderly patients. A qualitative design, based on the content analysis approach, was used to collect and analyze the perspectives of 25 senior nursing students who were providing care for elderly patients in the medical and surgical wards of two teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. After using purposeful sampling to select the participants, semistructured interviews were held in order to collect the data. During the data analysis, two main themes and six subthemes emerged. The first theme was "the barriers to caring for elderly patients", with the subthemes of "policies and rules of the organization", "a lack of educational preparation", and "an inappropriate physical environment", and the second theme was "the facilitators to caring for elderly patients", with the subthemes of "religion and cultural norms", "role modeling", and "previous exposure to elderly patients". This study informs international audiences of the factors that influence the quality of care of elderly patients so that strategies can be devised in order to prepare nursing students to meet the physical and psychological needs of elderly patients.     

护理高职男生临床实习前后的心理体验

目的了解高职护理专业男生临床实习前后不同的心理体验,为有针对性地制订护理教育措施提供依据。方法采用半结构访谈法,分别在实习前后对9名男生进行两次深入访谈,将资料进行整理、分析,提炼出主题。结果高职护理专业男生对于从事护理专业的意向倾向于消极,对护理专业的价值认同感低,存在很大的岗位流失率倾向。结论护理教育者应从入学前教育、学校教育、临床教育这一连续过程中做好男生的教育和培养,帮助他们树立正确的职业态度和职业价值观,增强职业认同感。     

Professional identity acquisition process model in interprofessional education using structural equation modelling: 10-year initiative survey

The mandatory interprofessional education (IPE) programme at Gunma University, Japan, was initiated in 1999. A questionnaire of 10 items to assess the students’ understanding of the IPE training programme has been distributed since then, and the factor analysis of the responses revealed that it was categorised into four subscales, i.e. “professional identity”, “structure and function of training facilities”, “teamwork and collaboration”, and “role and responsibilities”, and suggested that these may take into account the development of IPE programme with clinical training. The purpose of this study was to examine the professional identity acquisition process (PIAP) model in IPE using structural equation modelling (SEM). Overall, 1,581 respondents of a possible 1,809 students from the departments of nursing, laboratory sciences, physical therapy, and occupational therapy completed the questionnaire. The SEM technique was utilised to construct a PIAP model on the relationships among four factors. The original PIAP model showed that “professional identity” was predicted by two factors, namely “role and responsibilities” and “teamwork and collaboration”. These two factors were predicted by the factor “structure and function of training facilities”. The same structure was observed in nursing and physical therapy students’ PIAP models, but it was not completely the same in laboratory sciences and occupational therapy students’ PIAP models. A parallel but not isolated curriculum on expertise unique to the profession, which may help to understand their professional identity in combination with learning the collaboration, may be necessary.     

Professional confidence in baccalaureate nursing students

“You need to develop more confidence” is a common refrain noted by students and faculty alike. As nurse educators, we believe that encouraging students to develop their professional confidence is an important role. Moreover, the nursing profession demands that nursing care be delivered with confidence. Although the importance of professional confidence is acknowledged in the literature, there is surprisingly little written about its development or strategies that promote professional confidence in nursing education. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the meaning and influences on professional confidence as perceived by nursing students enrolled in a four year generic baccalaureate nursing program. Focus groups were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Burnard’s (1991) thematic content analysis method. The meaning of professional confidence involved: feeling, knowing, believing, accepting, doing, looking, becoming, and evolving. Positive and negative influences in developing professional confidence centered around two time periods, prior to entering nursing, and within the nursing program. Students identified strategies to assist themselves in developing professional confidence. Faculty development is one recommendation for faculty.     

Gender difference in academic performance of nursing students in a Malaysian university college

WAN CHIK W.Z., SALAMONSON Y., EVERETT B., RAMJAN L.M., ATTWOOD N., WEAVER R., SAAD Z. & DAVIDSON P.M. (2012) Gender difference in academic performance of nursing students in a Malaysian university college. International Nursing Review 59 , 387–393 Purpose: To examine differences in academic performance between male and female nursing students, and to identify whether professional identity and language usage were explanatory factors of academic performance. Background: Although the numbers of men entering the nursing profession are increasing, societal stereotypes and the lack of male role models in nursing may have a negative impact on motivation, and hence, academic performance. Methods: A total of 147 students who were enrolled in an undergraduate nursing programme in Peninsula Malaysia were surveyed in January 2011. In addition to demographic and academic data, three instruments were administered to measure language acculturation and professional identity. Findings: The mean age of participants was 20.0 (SD: 1.5) years with 81% being female. Almost all students spoke the Malay language at home. Although there were no differences between male and female nursing students in relation to professional identity (P = 0.496), male nursing students reported a lower mean English language usage score (9.9 vs. 10.9, P = 0.011) and a higher mean Malay language usage score (20.4 vs. 18.8, P = 0.017). Males were also found to have lower academic performance than female students, as measured by grade point average (GPA) (2.7 vs. 3.2, P < 0.001). Regression analysis revealed gender was the only significant predictor of academic performance (β = ?0.44, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Males represent less than 10% of the nursing workforce in developed countries, with some developing countries experiencing even lower participation rates. Promoting academic support of male nursing students may assist in increasing the number of male registered nurses in the nursing workforce.     

实习护生心理弹性与职业认同感的相关性研究

目的：探讨实习护生心理弹性与职业认同感的相关性,为护理人才队伍发展提供参考依据。方法：采用一般资料问卷、心理弹性量表及职业认同感量表对天津市某2所医学院校的340名实习护生进行调查,并分析心理弹性与职业认同感的相关性。结果：共回收有效问卷330份,有效回收率为97.9%。实习护生心理弹性总分为（66.35±15.57）分,处于一般水平;职业认同感总分为（65.61±11.37）分,处于一般水平;单因素分析显示是否独生子女、是否学生干部、志愿填报护理专业、是否选择从事护理工作的护生职业认同感量表得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;Spearman相关分析显示心理弹性量表总分及各维度得分与职业认同感量表总分呈正相关（P<0.01）。结论：实习护生心理弹性、职业认同感处于一般水平。为培养具有高素质和高度职业认同感的护士队伍,学校和医院应在专业教育阶段和临床教学阶段注重实习护生的心理弹性培养和心理干预指导,开展护士职业情感教育,帮助其更好地应对心理压力,提高职业认同感。     

本科男护生专业心理压力源分析与对策

目的 分析引起不同学习阶段男护生专业心理压力的因素及所采取心理压力应对方式,探讨解决问题的有效途径,促进男护生的身心健康发展.方法 采用压力应付方式问卷及自制护生专业心理压力调查问卷,对某省属医科大学护理学院2005至2008级在校本科男护生共102名进行"护生专业心理压力调查问卷"和"压力应付方式问卷"的调查.结果 护理专业男护生存在中度专业心理压力,且各年级男护生专业心理压力存在差异,其中二年级男护生专业心理压力较其他年级学生低.护理专业本科男护生的压力应付方式均为成熟型,即采用"解决问题-求助"方式,其中二年级学生采用解决问题方式多于其他年级学生.结论 应纠正社会对男性护理人员的偏见;根据不同学习阶段学生的特点开展专业思想教育,减轻心理压力,正确引导男护生实现角色转换.     

中职护生职业认同与学习动机相关性研究

目的：分析中职护生职业认同与学习动机的现状,并探讨两者的相关性,增强中职护生学习动机,提高其职业认同。方法：采用一般资料调查表,护生职业认同、学习动机问卷,运用问卷星对420名中职护生进行问卷调查。结果：共回收有效问卷405份。405名中职护生职业认同总分为（61.13±11.02）分,学习动机总分为（86.42±9.49）分。职业认同各因子中社会说服得分最高,为（3.79±0.80）分;留职获益与离职风险得分最低,为（3.35±0.80）分。学习动机中热衷性维度得分最高,为（3.06±0.42）分;依赖他人评价维度得分最低,为（2.68±0.37）分;内生动机分量表得分高于外生动机。学生是否参加社团、选择护理专业的原因、新冠疫情是否对选择护理专业产生影响的中职护生职业认同得分差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。职业认同与学习动机总体呈正相关（r=0.508,P<0.01）。结论：中职护生职业认同得分不高,可通过鼓励学生积极参与学校社团活动,发挥父母教育作用,增加学生对护理专业的兴趣,正确认识新冠疫情,增强学生的学习动机,提高护生在受教育阶段的职业认同,进而提高护生就业率。     

男性高护生心理状况调查研究

目的了解男性高护生心理健康状况,为高护男性的教学实习提供参考依据。方法采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对湖北两所高职院校高护男性学生心理健康状况进行评定,并将结果与国内高职生、中国男性、全国青年常模（18-29岁）比较。结果有心理健康问题的高护男性人数比率从5.1%-51.6%不等;有心理障碍的高护男性人数比率从1.3%-6.4%不等;男性高护学生心理健康状况比国内高职生、中国男性、全国青年常模（18-29岁）要低。结论积极开展男性护理学生心理健康教育,以提高男性高护学生的心理健康素质水平。     

男性高护生心理状况调查研究

目的了解男性高护生心理健康状况,为高护男性的教学实习提供参考依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90),对湖北两所高职院校高护男性学生心理健康状况进行评定,并将结果与国内高职生、中国男性、全国青年常模(18~29岁)比较。结果有心理健康问题的高护男性人数比率从5.1%~51.6%不等;有心理障碍的高护男性人数比率从1.3%~6.4%不等;男性高护学生心理健康状况比国内高职生、中国男性、全国青年常模(18~29岁)要低。结论积极开展男性护理学生心理健康教育,以提高男性高护学生的心理健康素质水平。