胰岛素对钙超载心肌细胞葡萄糖代谢的影响

目的：探讨不同浓度胰岛素对钙超载心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的量效关系.方法：采用伊屋诺霉素构建不同程度成年大鼠心肌细胞钙超载模型; 应用同位素示踪技术观察不同浓度（0,0.01,20U/L）胰岛素刺激大鼠心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取效应,评价钙超载后心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取与胰岛素剂量之间的关系.结果：心肌细胞活性比率分别为73.0±2.4,70.5±2.0（P〉0.05）.对照组心肌细胞静息[Ca2＋]i为（115±21）nmol/L,经伊屋诺霉素（1.0μmol/L）处理1h,实验组心肌细胞[Ca2＋]i为（376±29）nmol/L（P〈0.05）.对照组不同浓度的胰岛素（0,0.01,20U/L）刺激心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取30min,心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取分别为（18±9）μmol/（105cells.10min）,（32±6）μmol/（105cells.10min）,（54±10）μmol/（105cells.10min）,实验组不同浓度的胰岛素（0,0.01,20U/L）刺激心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取30min,心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取分别为（14±7）μmol/（105cells.10min）,（18±4）μmol/（105cells.10min）,（26±9）μmol/（105cells.10min）（组间P〈0.05）.结论：钙超载心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取能力降低,但保留了胰岛素的反应性.胰岛素能促进钙超载心肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取,并呈剂量依赖关系.     

新生大鼠原代心房肌细胞钙超载模型的建立

目的 探讨建立新生大鼠原代心房肌细胞钙超载模型的方法 .方法 用消化法分离新生大鼠心房肌细胞并进行原代培养.纯化后随机分为对照组(C组)、实验组(E1、E2、E3组),依次加入不同浓度(0.5、1.0、2.0 μmol/L)伊屋诺霉素(ionomycin),以钙离子指示剂Fluo-3/AM负载心房肌细胞,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测心房肌细胞游离钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i),建立新生大鼠心房肌细胞不同程度钙超载模型.结果 (1)培养至第4天,细胞生长密度可以达到瓶底70%左右;免疫组织化学染色鉴定:90%以上培养细胞α-肌动蛋白抗体染色呈阳性;(2)对照组心房肌细胞活性率为(73.00±2.37)%,与各实验组心房肌细胞活性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);(3)经不同浓度ionomycin处理l h后,各实验组心房肌细胞[Ca2+]i明显增高,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(431.54±20.97、705.87±28.34、1 305.05±53.69 vs 257.08±18.63,P<0.05),且各实验组间心房肌细胞[Ca2+]i水平随ionomycin浓度的增加而上升,实验组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).光镜下形态学观察表明,随ionomycin浓度的增加,荧光强度逐渐加强,呈浓度依赖性.结论 应用钙离子载体ionomycin能够建立可靠的心房肌细胞钙超载模型.     

TNFα对体外培养的人脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取和IRS-1酪氨酸磷酸化的影响

[目的]探讨肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)对体外培养的人脂肪细胞胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取和胰岛素受体底物1(IRS-1)酪氨酸磷酸化的影响,为多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的胰岛素抵抗(IR)病因学研究提供新的实验依据.[方法]脂肪细胞葡萄糖摄取的测定采用3H标脱氧右旋葡萄糖(2-[3H]DG)吸收法,IRS-1酪氨酸磷酸化的检测采用免疫沉淀、Western印迹和增强化学发光蛋白免疫印迹法及图像分析.[结果]①胰岛素(100nmol/L)作用下,TNF α刺激浓度分别为0、5 ng/mL、10 ng/mL、20 ng/mL时,脂肪细胞2-[3H]DG的摄取分别为(652±203)U,(609±172)U,(511±135)U和(404±168)U,当TNFα刺激浓度达20 ng/mL时,脂肪细胞对葡萄糖摄取的降低有显著性差异(P＜0.05).②胰岛素(100nmol/L)刺激下IRS-1的酪氨酸磷酸化在TNFα(5 ng/mL)作用时(74.50%±16.86%)较无TNFα作用(94.00%±14.70%)有所降低,但无显著性差异;当TNFα刺激浓度分别为10 ng/mL(31.16%±10.44%)和20 ng/mL(27.33%±9.63%)时,胰岛素(100nmol/L)刺激后IRS-1的酪氨酸磷酸化明显降低(P＜0.001).[结论]①TNFα刺激浓度的升高可抑制体外培养的人脂肪细胞胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取.②TNFα可抑制体外培养的人脂肪细胞胰岛素刺激的IRS-1的酪氨酸磷酸化,并存在一定的量效关系,可能阻碍了胰岛素的受体后信号传导并与IR有关.     

褪黑素对噪声应激大鼠学习记忆的保护作用

目的 探讨噪声应激对大鼠记忆功能的影响及可能机制.方法 将50只大鼠用随机数字法分为空白组和2个实验组、2个对照组.空白组不给任何处理,实验组及对照组暴露于120dB噪声应激1d或3d,8h/d,并于每次噪声应激前分别腹腔注射褪黑素(MT,15mg/kg)或等量生理盐水.应激结束后,用旷场反应箱测试大鼠的行为,用Morris水迷宫法测试大鼠学习记忆,用试剂盒检测大鼠大脑皮层和海马中一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果 无论噪声应激1d或3d,旷场反应测试大鼠兴奋性和探索性行为实验组[运动总距离(TMD)(1322.50±504.32)cm,(1819.55±458.37)cm,较快运动时间(FMT)(68.49±23.90)s,(87.34±16.01)s,距中心距离(DTC)(63.56±2.75)cm,(60.13±1.87)cm,内环内时间(ITT)(7.87±2.06)s,(9.60±2.89)]均明显小于对照组[TMD(2042.03±449.19)cm,(2325.73±384.90)cm,FMT(109.32±21.84)s,(124.65±16.74)s,DTC(58.00±1.53)cm,(55.05±5.13)cm,ITT(12.84±3.62)s,(14.92±2.75)s,(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)];水迷宫中的逃避潜伏期实验组大鼠[(10.69±3.37)s,(18.87±4.74)s]均明显小于对照组[(23.86±7.66)s,(33.55±7.20)s,(P＜0.01)];大鼠大脑皮层和海马组织中NO和MDA含量实验组[皮层NO(3.35±0.40)μmol/gprot,(4.50±0.41)μmol/gprot,海马NO(2.24±0.18)μmol/gprot,(3.15±0.21)μmol/gprot,皮层MDA(1.34±0.44)nmol/mgprot,(2.39±0.18)nmol/mgprot,海马MDA(0.13±0.07)nmol/mgprot,(0.53±0.10)nmol/mgprot]明显低于对照组[皮层NO(3.35±0.40)μmol/gprot,(5.03±0.44)μmol/gprot,海马NO(2.93±0.31)μmol/gprot,(3.38±0.24)μmol/gprot,皮层MDA(2.24±0.26)nmol/mgprot,(4.21±0.21)nmol/mgprot,海马MDA(0.47e0.29)nmol/mgprot,(1.33±0.187)nmol/mgprot,(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)],SOD含量实验组[皮层(763.95±214.36)U/mgprot,(491.33±35.85)U/mgprot,海马(817.02±232.39)U/mgprot,(644.85±28.02)U/mgprot]明显高于对照组[皮层(556.50±101.51)U/mgprot,(327.35±30.54)U/mgprot,海马(279.74±117.02)U/mgprot,(108.75±15.52)U/mgprot,(P＜0.05,P＜0.01)].结论 褪黑素对噪声应激大鼠记忆障碍有改善作用,这种作用可能与抑制噪声应激大鼠大脑皮层和海马中NO及MDA的升高,并提高SOD活性作用有关.     

脂联素对L6大鼠骨骼肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的影响

目的观察脂联素对L6大鼠骨骼肌细胞基础及胰岛素诱导的葡萄糖摄取的影响。方法1. 将L6细胞分为脂联素处理组（脂联素刺激30?min）、胰岛素处理组（10?nmol/L胰岛素刺激20?mi n）和对照组。处理后分别测定各组细胞的葡萄糖摄取率。2. 将稳定表达葡萄糖转运子4（Gluosetransporter 4, GLUT4）的L6细胞(L6 GLUT4细胞)分为6组：① 对照组; ② 脂联素处理组：脂联素刺激30?min;③ 低浓度胰岛素处理组：0.1?nmol/L胰岛素刺激20?min; ④ 高浓度胰岛素组：10?nmol/L胰岛素刺激20?min; ⑤ 脂联素预处理+低浓度胰岛素组：脂联素预处理30?min,0.1?nmol/L胰岛素刺激20?min; ⑥ 脂联素预处理+高浓度胰岛素组：脂联素预处理30?min,10?nmol/L胰岛素处理20?min。处理后分别测定各组细胞的葡萄糖摄取率及GLUT4细胞膜含量。结果L6细胞：脂联素处理组葡萄糖摄取率与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05) 。L6 GLUT4细胞：① 脂联素处理组细胞膜GLUT4含量、葡萄糖摄取率与对照组差异均无统计学意义(P均＞0.05);②　低浓度胰岛素处理组细胞膜GLUT4含量、葡萄糖摄取率均显著高于对照组（P均＜0.01）;脂联素预处理+低浓度胰岛素组细胞膜GLUT4含量、葡萄糖摄取率均显著高于脂联素处理组（P均＜0.01）以及低浓度胰岛素处理组（P均＜0.01）;③　高浓度胰岛素处理组葡萄糖摄取率、细胞膜GLUT4含量均显著高于低浓度胰岛素处理组（P＜0.05,P＜0.01）;脂联素预处理+高浓度胰岛素组与脂联素预处理+低浓度胰岛素组比较,葡萄糖摄取率显著升高（P＜0.05）,而GLUT4细胞膜含量升高不显著（P＞0.05）;脂联素预处理+高浓度胰岛素组葡萄糖摄取率显著高于单纯高浓度胰岛素组（P＜0.01）,而GLUT4细胞膜含量差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论① 脂联素对骨骼肌细胞的葡萄糖基础摄取无明显影响;② 脂联素本身不足以诱导骨骼肌细胞的GLUT4细胞膜转位及葡萄糖摄取;③ 脂联素可增加胰岛素诱导的骨骼肌细胞的葡萄糖摄取,其机制可能与加强胰岛素诱导的GLUT4细胞膜转位以及增加细胞膜GLUT4对葡萄糖的转运效率有关。     

胞外腺苷三磷酸在刀豆蛋白A诱导肝损伤小鼠模型中的表达及意义

目的探讨胞外腺苷三磷酸(e ATP)在刀豆蛋白A(Con A)诱导肝损伤小鼠模型中的表达及意义。方法选取96只健康的昆明种小鼠,采用随机数字法分为对照组和实验组,每组48只。实验组小鼠尾静脉注入20 mg/kg Con A,而对照组小鼠则注入等量的0.9%氯化钠注射液。注射完成后,分别在第2、6、12、18、24、48小时收集两组小鼠的肝脏标本以及血液标本并进行相关指标的检测。对于肝脏组织的病理学变化,采用苏木精-伊红染色法在显微镜下观察;肝脏组织中嘌呤受体P2(P2X7)蛋白和血清中e ATP、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)的表达情况,分别采用免疫印迹法、化学发光技术、赖氏法、酶联免疫吸附测定实验进行检测。结果 Con A诱导小鼠肝损伤的模型成功构建。在光学显微镜下可见对照组小鼠的肝组织中肝小叶结构较为清晰,肝细胞索明显,肝细胞大小、结构正常;实验组小鼠的肝组织出现明显的病理学变化。与对照组相比,实验组P2X7在各个时间点的表达水平无明显变化。实验组第2、6、12、18、24、48小时ALT[(346±67)U/L,(927±105)U/L,(2 414±198)U/L,(1 785±153)U/L,(1 864±148)U/L,(438±84)U/L]、eATP[(15.342±3.564)nmol/L,(46.135±7.531)nmol/L,(141.285±17.024)nmol/L,(705.263±98.635)nmol/L,(88.324±6.103)nmol/L,(26.142±2.379)nmol/L]、IL-1β[(62±8)ng/L,(79±9)ng/L,(94±10)ng/L,(84±10)ng/L,(76±9)ng/L,(48±7)ng/L]均高于对照组[(45±9)U/L,(42±8)U/L,(45±8)U/L,(44±9)U/L,(43±10)U/L,(41±8)U/L;(0.746±0.036)nmol/L,(0.823±0.025)nmol/L,(0.692±0.043)nmol/L,(0.753±0.027)nmol/L,(0.814±0.043)nmol/L,(0.649±0.038)nmol/L;(30±4)ng/L,(31±4)ng/L,(30±4)ng/L,(33±5)ng/L,(37±5)ng/L,(35±5)ng/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 Con A诱导小鼠肝损伤后,e ATP在损伤的肝组织中表达水平明显增高,并且通过P2X7受体途径,促进IL-1β的合成和分泌,进而参与肝损伤的进程。     

睾酮的快速非基因组效应对3T3-L1脂肪细胞胰岛素敏感性的影响

目的 探讨睾酮的快速非基因组效应对3T3-L1成熟脂肪细胞胰岛素敏感性的影响及分子机制.方法 将3T3-L1前脂肪细胞诱导成熟,用10-9～10-5moL/L睾酮分别预处理0～30 min及24 h,[3H]-2-脱氧葡萄糖掺入法检测葡萄糖摄取率;通过免疫印迹检测胰岛素受体(InsR)/蛋白激酶(Akt)/糖原合成激酶(GSK3B)的活性及表达.结果 有胰岛素刺激时,睾酮预处理30 min的胰岛素促葡萄糖摄取率随睾酮浓度增高而下降,10-5moL/L睾酮组的摄取率的升高倍数(4.2±0.4)显著低于无睾酮组(5.5±0.4),P<0.05;10-6mol/L睾酮预处理3～30 min的InsR/Akt/GSK3β的磷酸化水平较无睾酮组均明显下降(均P<0.05).有胰岛索刺激时,睾酮预处理24 h的胰岛素促葡萄糖摄取率也随睾酮浓度增高而下降,10-5moL/L睾舀耐组的摄取率的升高倍数(4.0±1.0)显著低于无睾酮组(4.5±1.O),P<0.05;10-7～10-6mol/L睾酮预处理24 h的InsR/Akt/GSK3β的活性均明显下降(均P<0.05),但InsR/Akt/GSK3β的表达水平均不受睾酮影响(均P>0.05).结论 高浓度睾酮的快速非基因组效应可能通过抑制胰岛素信号分子InsR/Akt/GSK3β的活性从而在诱导成熟脂肪细胞产生胰岛素抵抗中起重要作用.     

胰岛素对内皮祖细胞增殖、衰老及NO分泌的影响

目的:探讨胰岛素对内皮祖细胞(EPC)增殖能力、衰老程度以及分泌一氧化氮(NO)能力的影响.方法:采用密度梯度离心法获取大鼠骨髓单核细胞,在M199培养液中培养扩增EPC并进行鉴定.细胞分为对照组(常规M199培养液)和3个胰岛素干预组(在常规M199培养液中分别加入0.1,1,10 nmol/L胰岛素),干预24 h后硝酸酶还原法观察EPC分泌NO量的变化.干预7 d后采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法观察胰岛素对EPC增殖能力的影响.衰老相关β-半乳糖苷酶(SA-β-Gal)染色观察EPC衰老率的变化.结果:在体外培养条件下,0.1,1 nmol/L胰岛素组与对照组相比EPC数量显著增加[A570 nm:(0.262±0.015),(0.290±0.021)vs对照组(0.232±0.021),P均＜0.01];衰老率显著降低[(17.1±1.6)%,(11.7±1.8)% vs对照组(27.9±13.5)%,P均＜0.05];培养上清中NO浓度显著提高[μmol/L,(42.4±1.4),(54.4±5.8)vs对照组(35.7±1.3),P均＜0.05],而10 nmol/L胰岛素组的各项指标与对照组差别不明显.结论:低浓度胰岛素能促进EPC的增殖,抑制EPC衰老,促进其分泌NO.     

血液灌流疗法对急性有机磷农药中毒患者机体内环境的影响

目的：探讨血液灌流（HP）疗法对急性有机磷农药中毒(AOPP)患者机体内环境的影响。方法选取2009年9月至2014年8月期间我院重症医学科收治并进行HP治疗的86例AOPP患者为研究对象,检测并比较患者在HP治疗前、治疗后30 min、60 min及120 min的血pH值、静脉血氧分压(PvO2)、静脉血二氧化碳分压(PvCO2)、钠(Na+)、钾(K+)、游离钙(Ca2+)、碳酸氢根(HCO3-)、血糖、乳酸、肌酐(Cr)、尿素氮(BUN)、总胆红素(TBIL)等水平。结果治疗后60 min和120 min患者的PvO2分别为(43.97±8.20) mmHg、(46.35±7.72) mmHg,明显高于治疗前(37.52±12.66) mmHg,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后30 min、60 min、120 min的血糖分别为(6.31±1.96) mmol/L、(6.02±1.72) mmol/L、(5.93±1.55) mmol/L,均明显低于治疗前的(0.96±0.60) mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后60 min [(0.96±0.60) mmol/L,(79.36±74.33)μmol/L,(8.20±4.92) mmol/L,(20.09±10.65)μmol/L]、120 min [(0.72±0.56) mmol/L,(61.34±65.21)μmol/L,(7.32±4.76) mmol/L,(18.33±7.21)μmol/L]的乳酸、Cr、BUN、TBIL均明显低于治疗前[(1.33±1.05) mmol/L,(120.67±90.10)μmol/L,(11.24±5.21) mmol/L,(26.18±15.07)μmol/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前后血中各电解质浓度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 HP是AOPP患者一个安全可靠的治疗选择,其可改善患者的氧合、肝肾功能,降低血乳酸和血糖水平,但不会影响患者正常的pH值及电解质,使患者的内环境趋于稳定。     

胰岛素激活PI3K-AKT通路而促进H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取

目的 探索胰岛素(Insulin)对H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的影响及其与PI3 K-AKT信号通路的关系.方法 采用不同时间及不同浓度的胰岛素处理H9c2心肌细胞,确定胰岛素处理H9c2细胞的最佳浓度和最适时间.实验分空白对照组(NC组),2-NBDG组,Insulin组,Insulin+ PI3K-AKT通路抑制剂LY294002组(LY294002组),Insulin+ p38 MAPK通路抑制剂BIRB796组(BIRB796组),使用荧光标记2-脱氧葡萄糖(2-NBDG)检测H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取能力,以流式细胞仪和荧光酶标仪检测心肌细胞对葡萄糖摄取的变化.通过间接免疫荧光法及激光共聚焦检测H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖转运体-1(glucose tansporter-1,GLUT-1)及葡萄糖转运体-4(glucose tansporter-4,GLUT-4)的表达.结果 ①2-NBDG可用于检测H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取能力.②Insulin处理H9c2心肌细胞最适浓度和时间分别为200 μmol/L和30 min.③Insulin组与对照组相比增加H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取(P＜0.05);LY294002组与Insulin组相比降低心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取,两组间差异明显(P＜0.05),BIRB796组较Insulin组无统计学差异(P＞0.05),提示LY294002可抑制Insulin促进心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取,而BIRB796不能抑制上述作用.④H9c2心肌细胞膜表达葡萄糖转运体1(GLUT1)和葡萄糖转运体4(GLUT4),Insulin处理H9c2心肌细胞30min后经激光共聚焦成像显示H9c2心肌细胞膜GLUT1和GLUT4表达增加(P＜0.05).结论 胰岛素促进H9c2心肌细胞葡萄糖摄取的作用可能与PI3 K-AKT通路相关,与p38MAPK通路不相关,胰岛素激活PI3 K-AKT信号通路后可能促进H9c2心肌细胞膜上GLUT-1及GLUT-4的表达,从而使H9c2心肌细胞对葡萄糖摄取增加.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.