Infancy and Childhood: A Jungian Vertex

SUMMARY. In this paper I have tried to give an account of the way in when a Jungian approach to infancy and childhood has developed and is still evolving, beginning with Jung's early on childhood as a stage of adaptation to the demands made on the child by the external world, and his idea that the child is, as it were, still enclosed in the psychic atmosphere of his parents until the onset of adolescence when lie consciously begins m separate from them. Into, United States Frances Wicker was a contemporary of Jung who worked with children, but her ideas on the subject entered very little from Jung's own. It was Michael Fordham who, in the 19501 made a great contribution to the field of Jungian child analytical psychology by applying Jung's theories of the self, the archetype and individuation to infancy and childhood. He conceptualised a primal self, the totality of psychesoma in a germinal stage from the tarp start of intrauterine life, a steady state of integration from which the child's psyche and his physical growth will unfold through a dynamic process which he named deintegration-reintegration processes. Applying the theory of archetypes to infancy means that a predisposition exists in the child to develop archaic ideas, feeling and phantasies without their being implanted in him and without his interesting then. Following Fordham, I proceed to discuss how the instinctual discharges in Infancy get modified by the experience of being mothered, and how the baby discovers background images which both fit and evoke his experience. I compare Fordham's definition of a‘primary integrated state’with concepts used by both Bion and Meltier to describe a similar primitive state of affairs then consider the function of the mother as the container of the baby's body and mind, as well as an orientating cents which enables the baby to build up his internal and external sense of space and time. From this point go on to consider the process o took separation individuation and quote an example from an infant observation of a baby girl who took along time to come to life.     

Ultrastructural Aspects of Enterocyte Defects in Infancy and Childhood

Although there has been substantial progress in the identification of diarrheal diseases in infancy and childhood, electron microscopy may be still required for establishing diagnosis, staging, and response to therapy. This review describes severe conditions in which histopathologic examination alone cannot provide a firm diagnosis needed for therapeutic decisions. Microvillus inclusion disease, in its several variants, typifies this category. In certain forms of congenital disorders of glycosylation with gastrointestinal involvement, electron microscopic diagnosis is helpful. Among disorders due to abnormal immune-mediated reactions, celiac disease and cow's milk protein intolerance show fine structural changes of both diagnostic and staging value. Likewise, protein-losing enteropathies, including lymphangectasia, reveal information on the nature and extent of intestinal involvement.     

Lipoblastoma and Lipoblastomatosis in Infancy and Childhood: Histopathologic,Ultrastructural, and Cytogenetic Features

Lipoblastoma is a relatively rare tumor that occurs in infancy and early childhood and arises from embryonic white fat. Although a benign tumor, lipoblastomas tend to recur and may resemble myxoid liposarcoma. The authors report 26 cases over a 15-year period at Texas Children's Hospital. There was a slight female predilection (14F:12M). The most common symptom was a painless mass with or without increasing size. The trunk, extremities, head and neck, retroperitoneum, inguinal canal, peritoneal cavity, and lung were the tumor sites. Most tumors were circumscribed lipoblastomas and the minority were diffuse infiltrative lipoblastomatosis. Reexcision for residual or recurrent tumor was necessary more frequently in patients with lipoblastomatosis. Histopathologic examination and ultrastructural examination revealed cellular neoplasms composed of immature adipocytes with relatively well-defined septa, frequent lipoblasts, a fine vascular network, and often a myxoid appearance resembling myxoid liposarcoma. Cytogenetics was performed in 4 cases with chromosome 8q abnormality being most common. The major concern with lipoblastoma in children is to completely excise the tumor to avoid leaving residual tumor and to prevent recurrences. Confusion with myxoid liposarcoma, well-differentiated liposarcoma, and typical lipomas may occur. Although asymptomatic, lipoblastomas may cause dysfunction of other organ systems due to mass effect. Complete surgical excision with at least 2 years of follow-up is the preferred therapy.     

Retrospective,Landmark Analysis of Long-term Adult Morbidity Following Allogeneic HSCT for Inborn Errors of Immunity in Infancy and Childhood

Journal of Clinical Immunology - Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) remains the treatment of choice for patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). There is little published...