Value of bone scan imaging in predicting pain relief from percutaneous vertebroplasty in osteoporotic vertebral fractures

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Patient selection for percutaneous vertebroplasty is often complicated by the presence of multiple fractures or non-localizing pain. Our purpose was to determine whether increased activity revealed by bone scan imaging is predictive of a positive clinical response to percutaneous vertebroplasty. METHODS: A retrospective chart review conducted at our institution yielded 28 vertebroplasty treatment sessions that had been performed after obtaining bone scan imaging for painful, osteoporotic compression fractures in 27 patients. Thirty-five compression fractures were treated during these 28 treatment sessions. In all cases, increased activity was revealed by bone scan imaging before treatment with vertebroplasty. Positive outcome was defined as subjective decrease in pain severity and/or increased level of patient mobility. RESULTS: Subjective pain relief was noted in 26 (93%) of 28 treatment sessions. In 14 (100%) of 14 cases with quantifiable pain levels, pain improved at least 3 points on a 10-point scale (range of improvement, 3-10 points; mean improvement, 7.4 points). Among the remaining 14 treatment sessions in which patients were unable or unwilling to quantify pain severity, the pain relief was described as complete or excellent pain relief in 11 (78%) of 14 cases. In 14 (100%) of 14 cases for which semiquantitative assessment of mobility was available, mobility improved at least one level (5-point graded scale; range of improvement, 1-4 points; mean improvement, 1.7 points). CONCLUSIONS: Increased activity revealed by bone scan imaging is highly predictive of positive clinical response to percutaneous vertebroplasty.     

放射治疗后经皮射频消融治疗溶骨性骨转移所致疼痛的可行性研究

目的确定放射治疗(RT)后射频消融(RFA)(RFA-RT)缓解溶骨性骨转移所致疼痛是否优于单纯放射治疗。方法入选标准:单发骨转移且视觉模拟评分法(VAS)疼痛评分在5分以上的病人。15例病人接受RFA-RT治疗(总剂量20Gy,共5次,每次4Gy,疗程超过1周),与单纯接受放射治疗的对照组(30例病人)进行比较。结果     

A feasibility study of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation followed by radiotherapy in the management of painful osteolytic bone metastases

Objectives

To determine whether Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA) followed by Radiotherapy (RT) (RFA-RT) produces better palliation in terms of pain than RT alone in patients with osteolytic bone metastases.

Methods

Patients with solitary bone metastases and a pain score of least 5 or more on the VAS scale were selected. Fifteen patients were treated with RFA-RT (20 Gy delivered in 5 fractions of 4 Gy over 1 week) and were compared with a matched group (30 subjects) treated by RT.

Results

A complete response in terms of pain relief at 12 weeks was documented in 16.6% (5/30) and 53.3% (8/15) of the subjects treated by RT or RFA-RT, respectively (p?=?0.027). The overall response rate at 12 weeks was 93.3% (14 patients) in the group treated by RFA-RT and 59.9% (18 patients) in the group treated by RT (p?=?0.048). Although recurrent pain was documented more frequently after RT (26.6%) than after RFA-RT (6.7%) the difference did not reach statistical significance. The morbidity related to RT did not significantly differ when this treatment was associated with RFA.

Conclusions

Our results suggest that RFA-RT is safe and more effective than RT. The findings described here should serve as a framework around which to design future clinical trials.     

Comparison of percutaneous long bone cementoplasty with or without embedding a cement-filled catheter for painful long bone metastases with impending fracture

Objective

To compare the efficacy of percutaneous long bone cementoplasty (PLBC) with and without embedding a cement-filled catheter in the medullary canal (ECFC) for painful long bone metastases with impending fracture.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted in 36 consecutive patients undergoing PLBC and ECFC combination (n = 17, group A) or PLBC alone (n = 19, group B). All patients had a high risk of impending fracture in the long bone based on Mirels’ scoring system. Clinical effects were evaluated using both a pre- and a postoperative visual analogue scale (VAS) and Karnofsky performance scale (KPS).

Results

Overall pain relief rate with excellent (VAS 0–2) and good (VAS 2.5–4.5) results during follow-up was significantly higher in group A than in group B (88.2 % vs. 57.9 %, P<0.05). The average VAS and KPS changes in group A were significantly higher than those in group B at 1, 3 and 6 months postoperatively (P<0.05). Also, the rate of fractures of the treated long bone in group A was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.05).

Conclusions

Combined PLBC and ECFC is a safe and effective procedure for long bone metastases with impending fracture.

Key Points

? Metastases in long bones may cause pain and subsequent pathological fractures. ? Cementoplasty resulted in significant pain relief in patients with long bone metastases. ? Combination of PLBC and ECFC may reduce the incidence of fractures.

     

Image-guided palliation of painful metastases using percutaneous ablation

Painful skeletal metastases are a common problem in cancer patients. Although external beam radiation therapy is the current standard of care for cancer patients who present with localized bone pain, 20 to 30% of patients treated with this modality do not experience pain relief and few further options exist for these patients. For many patients with painful metastatic skeletal disease, analgesics remain the only alternative treatment option. Recently, image-guided percutaneous methods of tumor destruction have proven effective for treatment of this difficult problem. Patient selection, treatment methods, and results of treatment are described for the use of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation and cryoablation for patients with painful metastatic disease.     

射频消融术联合经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤

目的 探讨DSA引导下射频消融术(RFA)联合经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤的手术方法、安全性和疗效.方法 18例患者共3l处椎体转移瘤,5处椎体后缘有骨质破坏.18例患者均有不同程度的胸背部或腰部疼痛,其中4例患者伴有不同程度的神经功能障碍,或脊髓受压症状(2例),所有患者在DSA引导下先行RFA,再行PVP,术后随访4～12周,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)以及患者所需服用止疼药的剂量评价患者术前和术后疼痛,并分析其并发症等情况.并用SPSS 11.O统计软件,采用配对t检验对所得数据进行统计学分析.结果 所有患者手术顺利,术后24 h VAS评分由术前平均8.17分降至4.5分,术后1个月降至2.5分,17例止痛药用量减少,1例维持原剂量.1处椎体发生椎间盘渗漏,3处椎体发生椎旁渗漏,2处椎体发生硬膜外渗漏,但临床无明显症状.结论 DSA引导下RFA联合PVP治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤可获得良好的近期临床效果,其创伤小且安全可靠,可以明显提高患者生存质量.     

联合介入治疗功能性甲状旁腺癌骨转移及血钙危象一例

甲状旁腺癌(parathyroid carcinoma,PTC)发病率极低,而甲状旁腺癌发生骨转移并引起甲状旁腺功能亢进症状在临床上更为罕见,现将我科近来收治的l例病例报道如下. 临床资料 患者男,53岁.因"乏力、反复呕吐伴腰部酸痛3个月,加重3d"入我院内分泌科.实验室检查:血钙4.51 mmol/L,血磷1.41 mmol/L,尿钙26.52 mmol/24 h;血清尿素氮2.7 mmol/L,肌酐65μmol/L,ALT 18 u/L,AST 20 u/L,PTH 3 235 ng/ml.     

Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic metastases for symptomatic relief of neuroendocrine syndromes

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of hepatic neuroendocrine metastases for symptomatic relief of neuroendocrine syndromes. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation, a minimally invasive technique, is an effective and safe way to reduce systemic symptoms in patients with hepatic metastases from neuroendocrine neoplasms.     

CT引导下微波消融联合经皮椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移瘤的安全性与有效性

【摘要】 目的 探讨微波消融（MWA）联合经皮椎体成形术（PVP）治疗脊柱转移瘤的安全性和疗效。方法 回顾性分析 2019年6月至2021年 6 月收治的 46 例行MWA联合PVP治疗的脊柱溶骨性转移瘤患者的临床资料。比较患者治疗前和随访期间的疼痛视觉模拟量表（VAS）评分、功能障碍指数（ODI）评分、美国脊髓损伤协会神经学检查（ASIA）等级、骨转移患者生活质量特异性评估表（QLQ-BM22）评分,评估患者疼痛缓解、脊柱功能状态改善、脊髓神经功能改善和生活质量变化。统计分析患者术后并发症、复发和存活时间。结果 46例患者中,5例患者消融中出现中、重度疼痛,静脉推注吗啡后症状缓解;2例患者出现一过性神经症状,立即停止消融对症处理后症状消失。骨水泥注入过程中有11例患者出现轻度骨水泥渗漏,所有并发症均为轻微程度。术后随访6～26个月,6个月有40例患者影像学无肿瘤进展。术后各时间点 VAS、ODI、QLQ-BM22评分均明显优于术前（均 P＜0. 01）,术前和术后各时间段ASIA分级差异均无统计学意义（均P＞0. 05）。死亡患者10例（存活时间为7～26个月）,生存时间为（13.20±7.65）个月,去除随访时间＜12个月的患者,1年生存率为66.6%（12/18）。结论 MWA联合PVP治疗脊柱转移瘤是一种安全有效的治疗方法,能在一定程度上改善患者脊柱功能状态提高其生活质量。     

普瑞巴林治疗椎体成形术后疼痛缓解不明显患者的疗效分析

目的探讨普瑞巴林对经皮穿刺椎体成形(PVP)术后疼痛缓解不明显患者的疗效。方法前瞻性纳入2014年3月—2018年3月来重庆市九龙坡区第二人民医院就诊的骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)患者195例,均接受PVP手术治疗。采用VAS评分对术前和术后1d的疼痛情况进行评估,纳入术后疼痛改善率<25%的患者给予普瑞巴林治疗,起始剂量为75mg,2次/d;服药1周内根据疼痛缓解情况和患者对药物的耐受情况,调整到150mg,2次/d,剂量调整后再服用1~2周,若疼痛还未完全缓解且患者对药物耐受情况较好,可最大调整到300mg,2次/d。在第4周时,每2天剂量减半,直至采用起始剂量维持到最后停药。整个药物治疗周期为4周。结果共纳入了18例患者进行术后普瑞巴林治疗,该组患者PVP术后1d的VAS、HAD焦虑(HAD-A)、HAD抑郁(HAD-D)、匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)评分分别为6.15±1.68、8.94±0.67、8.26±0.55、16.85±2.12;而在服药4周后,上述指标均得到显著改善,分别为3.28±0.42、5.17±0.38、4.64±0.38、8.25±1.02,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。药物不良反应率为16.67%(3/18),对症处理后均缓解。结论PVP术后疼痛症状缓解不明显的患者可采用普瑞巴林治疗,具有较好的疗效及安全性。     

89SrCl联合依班膦酸钠治疗多发性骨转移癌疼痛

目的 观察89SrCl2联合依班膦酸钠治疗多发性骨转移癌疼痛与单独应用依班膦酸钠或89SrCl2治疗的临床疗效。方法84例骨转移癌疼痛患者,分为3个治疗组,其中30例采用89SrCl,联合依班膦酸钠方法,26例采用单纯89SrCl2治疗,28例采用依班膦酸钠治疗。用SPSS13．0统计软件,疗效比较采用行×列表资料的r检验。结果联合治疗组骨痛缓解总有效率为96．6％（29／30）,依班膦酸钠组及89SrCl2治疗组总有效率分别为71．4％（20／28）和73．1％（19／26）。联合用药组与单独用药组治疗后骨痛缓解有效率（X2=7．497）,全身状况Kamofsky评分提高率[80．0％（24／30）与50．0％（14／28）,53．8％（14／26）,X2=35．476]和病灶治疗有效率[47．6％（50／105）与11．2％（11／98）,22．2％（20／90）,X2=6．564]间比较差异有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。结论89SrCl2联合依班膦酸钠是治疗骨转移性癌疼痛较为有效和可行的方法。联合用药临床疗效优于单独用药。     

射频消融联合椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移瘤105例

目的 探讨射频消融(RFA)联合经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗脊柱转移瘤的临床疗效与安全性.方法 分析2009年6月至2011年6月于无锡市第四人民医院及上海市第六人民医院行RFA联合PVP或单纯PVP治疗脊柱转移瘤362例,选择其中具有完整资料的226例为研究对象,其中RFA联合PVP组(A组)105例,153节椎体;单纯PVP组(B组)121例,190节椎体.比较患者疼痛缓解情况,采用配对t检验对所得数据进行统计学分析.比较两组骨水泥的外漏率、外漏类型,采用R×C列联表x2检验进行统计学分析.结果 疼痛缓解根据WHO标准,A组术后1d、1周、1个月、3个月的有效率为分别为83.8％、86.9％、87.2％和82.2％;B组同期有效率分别为81.0％、83.6％、84.1％和80.5％,经配对t检验,术后随访时间段两组患者疼痛均得到明显缓解(P＜0.05),两组间疗效差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).A组和B组骨水泥外漏发生率分别为17.6％和37.4％,采用C列联表x2检验,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);A组未出现神经根压迫症状,B组有3例患者出现神经根压迫症状,用激素、脱水、止痛对症治疗后好转.结论 RFA联合PVP与单纯PVP治疗脊柱转移瘤均具有良好的止痛效果,两组术后疗效对比分析差异无统计学意义;A组骨水泥外漏少于B组,PVP之前行RFA可减少骨水泥外渗.     

射频消融联合椎体成形术治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤12例

目的探讨射频消融术(RFA)联合经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤的疗效。方法 12例患者共21节椎体转移瘤,3节椎体后缘有骨质破坏。12例患者均有不同程度的胸背部或腰部疼痛,其中3例患者伴有不同程度的神经功能障碍,或脊髓受压症状(2例),所有患者在DSA引导下先行RFA,再行PVP,术后随访4～12周,采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)以及患者所需服用止痛药的剂量评价患者术前和术后疼痛程度,并用SPSS11.0统计软件,采用配对t检验对所得数据进行统计学分析。结果所有患者手术顺利,术后24 h VAS值有所下降,术后3 d明显下降,术后1周和1、3个月症状无复发,VAS值明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);11例止痛药用量减少,1例维持原剂量。结论 DSA引导下RFA联合PVP治疗脊柱转移性肿瘤可获得良好的近期临床效果,其创伤小且安全可靠,可以明显提高患者生存质量。     

经皮椎体成形术在椎体压缩骨折及椎体血管瘤治疗中的应用

目的:总结经皮椎体成形术治疗疼痛性椎体压缩性骨折和疼痛性椎体血管瘤的临床经验,评估其治疗疗效。方法:回顾性分析26例疼痛性椎体压缩性骨折和3例疼痛性椎体血管瘤的椎体成形术治疗病例。病椎39个,其中胸椎18个,腰椎21个,36个采用单侧椎弓根入路,3个采用双侧椎弓根入路。结果:29例治疗均获得成功,注射骨水泥2.5~5.0ml,平均3.2ml。术后随访6~12个月,完全缓解(CR)、部分缓解(PR)、轻微缓解(MR)和无效(NR)例数分别为24、3、2、0,疼痛缓解率93.1%。患者的视觉模拟评分(VAS)术后显著下降(P0.05)。结论:采用经皮椎体成形术治疗疼痛性椎体压缩性骨折及疼痛性椎体血管瘤是一种微创、安全、有效的治疗手段。     

Reirradiation with local-field radiotherapy for painful bone metastases

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively the effectiveness, prognostic factors, and sequelae of the first course of local-field reirradiation for painful bone metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1994 to 2000, a total of 30 patients were reirradiated for painful bone metastases. The most commonly used initial treatment regimen was 30 Gy/10 Fr/2 wk. An additional dose in the range from 10 Gy/5 Fr to 26 Gy/13 Fr was reirradiated. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (50%) showed some type of pain relief after reirradiation. Patients with initial CR were more likely to respond than those with previous PR (100% vs. 41%). The median duration of pain relief was five months. The duration of response was longer in initial CR than initial PR. The median survival time of responders after retreatment was 11 months. No patient developed radiation myelopathy. Prognostic factors for pain relief were duration from initial treatment, performance status (PS), and status of bone metastases. CONCLUSION: Reirradiation for patients with a long duration from initial treatment (> or = 4 months), good PS (ECOG: 1-2), or solitary bone metastases was effective for pain relief. The appropriate indications, optimal dose, fractions, and technique for reirradiation to painful bone metastases should be further explored in randomized study.     

Therapeutic effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty for vertebral metastases

Purpose  

We have performed percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) using polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) for patients with vertebral metastases since 2002. This study investigated the therapeutic effects of PV on vertebral metastases.     

Radiofrequency thermal ablation for pain control in patients with single painful bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma

Objective

The aim of this study was to assess the safety and the efficacy of radiofrequency thermal ablation (RFA) for pain relief and analgesics use reduction in two patients with painful bone metastases from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials and methods

Two patients with lytic metastases from HCC located at the left superior ileo-pubic branch and at the middle arch of VII rib, performed RFA displacing a LeVeen Needle (3.5 and 4.0 cm diameter) under US (ultrasonography) and fluoroscopic guidance.Two methods were used to determine the response of both patients: the first method was to measure patient's worst pain with a Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) 1 day after the procedure, every week for 1 month, and thereafter at week 8 and 12 (total follow-up 3 months); the second method was to evaluate patient's analgesics use recorded at week 1, 4, 8 and 12.Analgesic medication use was translated into a morphine-equivalent dose.

Results

The RFA were well tolerated by the patients who did not develop any complication. Both patients obtained substantial reduction of pain, which decreased from a mean score of 8 to approximately 2 in 4 weeks. In both patients we observed a reduction in the use of morphine dose-equivalent after a peak at week 1.CT (computed tomography) imaging, performed at 1 month after RFA, demonstrated that both procedures were technically successful and safe because consistent necrosis and no evidence for complications were observed.

Conclusion

RFA provides a potential alternative method for palliation of painful osteolytic metastases from HCC; the procedure is safe, and the pain relief is substantial.     

Pain response in the first trimester after percutaneous vertebroplasty in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with or without bone marrow edema

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Presence of bone marrow edema (BME) in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (VCF) detected by MR imaging as selection criterion for percutaneous vertebroplasty (PV) is speculative. To clarify significance of BME in VCF, we assessed pain response after PV in patients with VCF with full BME versus patients with VCF with absent BME. METHODS: From a cohort of patients with painful VCF selected for PV, pain response in 14 patients with absent BME in VCF was prospectively compared with pain response in 31 patients with full BME in VCF. Pain was evaluated before PV and at 1 and 3 months after PV with visual analog scores and analgesics used. Back pain in general and at treated vertebral levels was assessed. RESULTS: Pain decrease after PV at treated levels was observed in 10 (71%) patients with absent BME in VCF at both follow-up periods and in 29 (94%) patients with full BME 1 month after PV and 30 (97%) at 3 months after PV. Differences between the groups were significant (P = .04 at 1 month; P = .01 at 3 months). Pain response was not affected by other patient or imaging characteristics. General back pain after PV was comparable in both groups after PV (P = .08 at 1 month; P = .4 at 3 months). CONCLUSION: Pain decrease after PV in patients with VCF is more frequently observed when full BME is present. Because 71% of patients with VCF with absent BME responded favorably on pain, PV should not be withheld based on absence of BME alone.     

Evaluation of radiation therapy for bone metastases: pain relief and quality of life.

The records of 158 patients irradiated for bone metastases were reviewed to evaluate the effectiveness of pain relief and to judge the effect of treatment on overall quality of life. Within 3 months 73% of the sites treated had pain relief, with 55%-65% having sustained relief up to 1 year or death. Of patients surviving more than 3 months, 63% maintained a satisfactory quality of life and were able to take care of most personal needs. The median survival of all patients was 1 year from initial treatment for bone metastasis. Radiation dose and the primary tumor site do not seem to be significant prognostic factors for initial pain relief or quality of life.