胸椎黄韧带骨化症

探讨胸椎黄韧带骨化症的诊断,治疗。方法：１９９４年２月－１９９５年１２月手术治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化症６例,男４例,女２例。年龄３８－５２岁。结果：手术６例随访时间９－１８月,平均１４．５月、皆有不同程度感觉平面下降,下肢肌力恢复１－２级。５例病理反射仍存在。结论;胸椎黄韧带骨化症应及早诊断手术治疗。病程迁延脊髓残留不可逆性损害。     

胸椎黄韧带骨化

１９８３年６月～１９９４年９月收治胸椎黄韧带骨化引起椎管狭窄和脊髓病４８例。临床主要表现为无明显诱因双下肢进行性麻木、无力、间歇性跛行和行走不稳，严重者行走困难乃至截瘫。其中硬瘫４０例，软瘫８例。４８例全部做了后路椎板切除减压，其中３例做了二次手术，４６例随访超过半年，平均３年９个月，优良率为８４．８％，有效率为９３．５％。胸椎黄韧带骨化发病机理可能与脊柱退变有关，真正原因仍不清楚。强调早期诊断及诊断方法，应注意与一些疾病进行鉴别诊断。应做到脊髓充分减压和处理好骨化的韧带和硬脊膜间粘连。     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症误诊分析

胸椎黄韧带骨化症是指胸椎黄韧带骨化,突入椎管导致脊髓压迫而产生的一系列临床症状和体征,由于临床上缺乏典型的症状和体征．常易误诊。我院自1996年7月以来,共确诊16例胸椎黄韧带骨化症．其中11例病初时曾被外院误诊,误诊率68．7％。现浅析其误诊原因,探讨防止误诊对策,以期及时诊治,提高疗效。临床资料本组11例,男10例,女1例。年龄最大65岁,最小28岁,平均年龄43岁。误诊时间：最短时间1个月,最长5年。起病时均有下肢麻木、无力、疼痛,其中7例双下肢同时发病,4例一侧下肢先发病,然后累及另一下肢。间歇性破行8例,胸腹部束…     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症

黄韧带骨化现象最早由ＬｅＤｏｕｂｌｅ于 1912年提出 ,192 0年Ｐｏｌｇａｒ首次对黄韧带骨化的Ｘ线表现进行了描述 ,而首例黄韧带骨化症 (ｏｓｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｇａｍｅｎｔｕｍｆｌａｖｕｍ ,ＯＬＦ)于 1960年由Ｒａｍａｇｕｃｈｉ报道。此后对ＯＬＦ的研究逐渐深入。其发病率尚不清楚 ,好发部位为下胸椎和胸腰椎部 ,颈、腰椎少见。本文综述胸椎黄韧带骨化症 (Ｏｓ ｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｏｒａｃｉｃｌｉｇａｍｅｎｔｕｍｆｌａｖｕｍ ,ＯＴＬＦ)的病因学、诊断及手术治疗的研究进展。1　病因与病理1.1　局部力学因素…     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症临床研究

目的 探讨胸椎黄韧带骨化症的诊断特点及改良手术的疗效。方法 总结我院从1995～2005年收治的28例胸椎黄韧带骨化症的患者并对其手术疗效加以分析。结果28例患者全部获得随访，随访时间6～36个月，平均23个月。术后JOA评分为6～11分，平均9．3分，恢复率为73．6％，优良率为84．5％。结论临床表现结合CT及MRI检查是诊断胸椎黄韧带骨化症的有效手段，改良的外科手术方式安全可靠，手术疗效佳。     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症

目的：研究胸椎黄韧带骨化症（OLF）的诊断与手术治疗方法,探讨其病因、病理、手术效果与并发症。方法：采用回顾性研究方法对手术治疗的46例OLF病例进行分析。手术方法均采用椎管后壁切除术。结果：术后40例随访1.5年以上,6例经短期观察。优20例,良17例,可5例,差4例。结论：OLF所致的脊髓病表现复杂,手术治疗必须慎重操作。手术近期效果良好。以“孤立-磨薄-分割-切除”的方法行椎管后壁切除减压是治疗本病安全、有效的方法。     

胸椎黄韧带骨化

胸椎黄韧带骨化李其一１报道自１９８８～１９９６年收治并经手术治疗、病理检查及影像学所见证实的胸椎黄韧带骨化（Ｏｓｓｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌｉｇａｍｅｎｔａｆｌａｖａ，简称ＯＬＦ）共１２例，结合文献对其临床表现、诊断和治疗进行探讨。１临床资料１．１一般...     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症的手术治疗

目的：回顾性地研究了３２例胸椎黄韧带骨化症（ＴＯＬＦ）的手术治疗方法及结果。方法：对１９８９～１９９９年收治的３２全ＴＯＬＦ患者所施的手术方法及临床结果进行描述。结果：全部病例术后病理检查,均符合ＴＯＬＦ。３０例获随访,随访时间５～７２月,平均３２月,根据下肢感觉和运动功能恢复情况进行评价,优１１例,良１０例,可７例,差２例,优良率７３．３％,有效率９３．３％。结论：早期减压是治疗ＴＯＬＦ的唯一有     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症的诊断及治疗

近年来,人们逐渐对胸椎黄韧带骨化症有所认识,但由于其发病机制不清楚,临床上缺乏典型症状和体征,容易与腰椎管狭窄症相混淆,因此常常被误诊或漏诊。自１９９６年８月以来,我院共收治此类患者１４例,其中１０例行胸椎板切除术,现就其临床诊断与治疗报道如下。１临...     

胸椎黄韧带骨化症8例分析

胸椎黄韧带骨化症 (ossification of　收稿日期 :2 0 0 0 - 0 4 - 2 9　作者简介 :刘新宁 (1 972 - ) ,男 ,山东人 ,医师　研究方向 :脊柱外科 .ligam entum flavum,OL F)是引起胸椎管狭窄 ,脊髓受压的重要原因之一 [1 ] 。本病较少见 ,早期多未能确诊 ,延误治疗。近年随着认识水平的提高和影像学诊断技术的发展 ,确诊为胸椎黄韧带骨化症患者逐渐增多 ,我院自 1994～1999年共手术治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化症8例 ,现就临床表现 ,影像学特征和手术治疗等问题作一分析。1　临床资料1.1　一般资料　本组 8例 ,男 5例 ,女3例 ,年龄 45～ 83岁 ,平均 5…     

胸椎黄韧带骨化的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨胸椎黄韧带骨化的诊断和治疗。方法：分析２２例病人的临床表现、影像学检查和手术方法。结果：最常见早期症状是下肢麻木、无力和间歇跛行,多数侧位Ｘ线片和断层片显示骨化韧带。ＣＴ全部表现为不同程度骨样密度区。ＭＲＩ主要表现为黄韧带附着区,Ｔ１Ｗ１和Ｔ２Ｗ１像增厚的异常低信号影,１９便病人行后路椎板切除和骨化韧带切除,完全恢复８例,部分恢复９例,加重２例,漂浮法者无加重,半环状减压３例,１例完全恢     

Thoracic Myelopathy Secondary to Ossified Ligamentum Flavum

Summary. Summary. Background: Focal ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) forms one of the rare causes of thoracic myelopathy. The lower thoracic spine is most frequently affected and the patients present with initial posterior column disturbances followed by progressively increasing spastic paraparesis. The pathogenesis of OLF has not been conclusively established. Method: Five patients with thoracic myelopathy due to OLF underwent decompressive laminectomy and excision of the ligamentum flavum. Their MRI delineated a linear or beak like excrescence, uniformly hypo-intense on T1 and T2 weighted images, situated posterior to the thecal sac. A comparison between the pre-operative neurological status and the status at follow-up was done using Harsh's myelopathic grading. Finding: Decompressive laminectomy followed by the drilling of the OLF and its excision, occasionally along with the adherent outer layer of the dura, resulted in significant improvement in motor weakness and tingling sensations. However, at the last available follow-up, none of the patients had retained their ability to run briskly (grade I) and all of them had residual spasticity. Interpretation: OLF may significantly contribute to a spatial reduction of the thoracic spinal canal resulting in paraparesis. The T2 weighted sagittal image of the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for screening of the longitudinal extent of the OLF. A rapid neurological improvement occurs following decompressive laminectomy and excision of the OLF. However, the persistence of residual spasticity at follow-up may be due to irreversible changes within the cord by the significant thecal compression and the delay between the onset of initial symptoms and signs and surgical decompression.     

Progress on Clinical Characteristics and Identification of Location of Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum

Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) is the most common cause for thoracic spinal stenosis. TOLF is usually complicated by thoracic disc herniation, ossi?cation of the posterior longitudinal ligament and degenerative spinal diseases such as cervical spondylosis and lumbar spinal stenosis, and the ossi?cation also usually has a discontinuous or continuous multi‐segment distribution. The resultant superposition of several symptoms makes the clinical manifestations complex. Currently, the diagnosis of TOLF depends mainly on the patient's symptoms, physical examination and thoracic CT and MRI examinations. Identification of the location of TOLF depends more on the doctor's subjective judgement. Diagnostic problems are related to the specific region and level of surgical decompression: if the extent of decompression is insufficient, the treatment is inadequate, resulting in residual symptoms. Obversely, unnecessary trauma and a various complications will occur if the decompression is too extensive. Hence, the clinical features and process of diagnosis, especially the means of identifying the location, still require further improvement. It is necessary to establish a simple and accurate means of identifying the segment of TOLF that is responsible for the neurologic deficit: a number of spinal surgeons have been working hard on this. This article will provided an overview of the clinical features of TOLF and the related problems of clinical identification of the location of the segment causing the neurological deficit. The relationship between the imaging manifestations and clinical characteristics still need to be explored with the aim of establishing a simple and precise method for determining precisely whether TOLF is related to spinal cord injury or not, thus reducing surgical trauma and achieving an optimal prognosis.     

黄韧带骨化所致胸椎管狭窄症的临床特征

目的 总结黄韧骨化所致胸椎管狭窄症的诊断和治疗特点,探讨有关的发病因素。方法 １９７８～１９９７年手术治疗黄韧带骨化所致胸椎管狭窄症患者３５例,男２１例,女１４例,平均年龄５１岁。发病部位：Ｔ１０～Ｌ１三个椎间盘水平３０例,占８５．７％。重体力劳动者３２例,占９１．４％。有明显诱因者１６例,占４５．７％。３５例患入床症状呈多样化,但感觉定位体片明确：出现锥体吵征者１５例,占４２．９％,未出现者１３     

椎板薄化分解揭盖法治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化合并脊髓病

目的：探讨椎板薄化分解揭盖法治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化合并脊髓病的疗效。方法：1999年1月至2009年1月采用椎板薄化分解揭盖减压、植骨融合术治疗胸椎黄韧带骨化合并脊髓病患者126例,男73例,女53例,年龄35～71岁,平均50．2岁。压迫位于上胸段28例,中胸段32例,下胸段66例。采用改良日本骨科协会（JapaneseOrthopaedicAssociation,JOA）下肢运动功能评分、括约肌功能评分以及参照Epstein和Schwall标准评估疗效。摄胸椎正尧侧位X线片,行CT及MRI扫描,观察植骨融合情况。结果：116例患者获得随访,随访时间12—96个月,平均49．5个月。术前括约肌功能JOA评分为（1．981-0．543）分;术后为（2．654-0．413）分;术前下肢运动功能JOA评分为（1．196-0．964）分,术后为（3．720-0．709）分;术前及术后比较差异均有统计学意义。按Epstein和Schwall评分标准,优73例,良31例,可9例,差3例;优良率89．7％。术后6例发生脊髓损伤,给予营养神经药物治疗后好转。5例发生脑脊液漏,给予床尾抬高30。,行保守治疗治愈。2例发生切口浅表感染,给予换药处理后愈合。术后6个月111例患者植骨融合。末次随访时所有患者植骨均获得骨性融合。结论：椎板薄化分解揭盖法对脊髓侵袭小,手术安全性可靠,疗效确切。     

Using Visual Trepan to Treat Single Segment Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum Under Endoscopy

This article describes the trepan technique for treating single segment ossification of the ligamentum flavum (OLF) using an endoscope. OLF is the most common cause of thoracic spinal stenosis. The most common surgical procedures involve semi‐lamina or full‐lamina resection and decompression. However, considering the anatomical structure of the thoracic spinal canal and the combination of OLF, traditional surgery has higher risks, more complications, and greater technical requirements. In the past ten years, with the development of endoscopic technology, spinal endoscopy has been increasingly applied for the treatment of intervertebral disc herniation and spinal canal stenosis. The present study demonstrated the effectiveness of visual trepan decompression under spinal endoscopy used for patients with single segment OLF. This surgical procedure had many advantages, including a shorter operation time, minimal trauma, less expenditure, and better functional recovery over the conventional open surgery.     

棘突截骨椎管成形术治疗腰椎黄韧带骨化症

目的 :观察棘突截骨椎管成形术治疗腰椎黄韧带骨化症的临床疗效和影像学。方法 :单侧椎板显露后行棘突基底截骨、中央椎管潜式扩大治疗 13例腰椎黄韧带骨化症患者 ,术前和术后进行腰椎功能Oswestry问卷调查和椎管直径测量。结果 :本组术后随访 2～ 4年 ,腰腿痛较术前平均改善 76 %～ 74% ,术后腰椎CT显示椎管中矢径平均增加2 1.6 % (P <0 .0 5 ) ,椎管横径平均增加 18.5 % (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :棘突截骨椎管成形术治疗腰椎黄韧带骨化症 ,具有操作简单、椎管中央和侧方减压充分、对腰椎后方张力带结构影响小等优点 ,术后近期和中期临床疗效和影像学评估满意     

Predictive Risk Factors of Poor Preliminary Postoperative Outcome for Thoracic Ossification of the Ligamentum Flavum

ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to ascertain the independent risk factors of poor preliminary outcome and to reveal the value of these factors in predicting the postoperative prognosis.MethodsA total of 165 patients diagnosed with thoracic myelopathy because of thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) were enrolled in this retrospective study. All of them underwent posterior decompressive laminectomy surgery in our hospital from May 2016 to June 2019. The postoperative improvement of symptoms was evaluated using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scoring system. Clinical data, such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), duration of symptoms, history of hypertension and diabetes, tobacco use, history of drinking, symptoms of incontinence, number of compressed segments, and preoperative mJOA score, were respectively recorded. Radiologic features data included sagittal maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), axial spinal canal occupation ratio (SCOR), grades and extension of increased signal on sagittal T2‐weighted images (ISST2I), types of increased signal on axial T2‐weighted images (ISAT2I), and the classification of ossification on axial CT scan and sagittal MRI. The t‐test, the χ²‐test, Fisher''s exact test, binary logistic regression analyses, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and subgroup analyses were used to evaluate the effects of individual risk predictors on surgical outcomes.ResultsA total of 76 men and 89 women were enrolled in this study. The mean age of all patients was 58.53 years. After comparison between two groups, we found some risk factors that may be associated with postoperative outcomes, such as age, preoperative mJOA score, BMI, history of hypertension, MSCC, SCOR, grade and extension of ISST2I, type of ISAT2I, axial type of ossification, and sagittal type of ossification (P < 0.05, respectively). Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that older age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.062, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.006–1.121, P = 0.030), number of compressed segments (OR = 1.916, 95% CI = 1.250–2.937, P = 0.003), bilateral and bridged types of ossification (OR = 4 314, 95% CI = 1.454–8.657, P = 0.019; OR = 6.630, 95% CI = 2.580–17.530, P = 0.004), and grade 1 and 2 ISST2I (OR = 8.986, 95% CI =3.056–20.294, P < 0.001; OR = 7.552, 95% CI = 3.529–16.004, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for a poor preliminary postoperative outcome. ROC curve analysis showed that the grade of ISST2I had an excellent discriminative power (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.817). In addition, risk factors have different values for predicting the clinical outcome in each subgroup.ConclusionAge, duration of symptoms, number of compressed segments, SCOR, grade, and extension of ISST2I and classification of ossification were associated with the preliminary prognosis, and the intramedullary increased signal on sagittal T2‐weighted MRI was highly predictive of poor postoperative outcome.     

胸椎黄韧带骨化与腰椎黄韧带退变的病理及基本代谢元素的比较研究

目的：探讨胸椎黄韧带骨化的病因。方法：对１４例胸椎黄韧带骨化（包括５例氟骨症）及１４例腰椎管狭窄症患者手术切除的黄韧带标本作病理研究；对患者血清及黄韧带采用雾化原子吸收法等方法测定钙、磷、镁、锌、铜、锰、钼、氟含量，取急性外伤性截瘫患者为对照。结果：（１）骨化黄韧带初期的病理改变与黄韧带退变性质类似；（２）除氟元素外，７种基本代谢元素在骨化与退变患者血清及黄韧带中含量均呈基本一致的变化规律；（３）非氟骨症骨化患者黄韧带中氟含量显著增高（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：本文证实胸椎黄韧带骨化发生于黄韧带退变的基础之上，但退变不直接导致骨化，元素氟是诱导退变黄韧带进一步骨化的重要诱因。