β受体阻滞剂对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心动周期信号混沌特征的影响

目的　探讨 β受体阻滞剂对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心动周期信号混沌特征的影响。　 方法　将用 β受体阻滞剂治疗的 2 3例慢性充血性心力衰竭患者的心动周期信号混沌特征参数与常规治疗组的心动周期信号混沌特征参数进行比较分析。　结果　β受体阻滞剂治疗组的心动周期信号混沌度参数 (Hrd、Hle、Hfd、Hcc)和总功率Tfp与常规治疗组相比显著增加 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ,功率谱参数Pvv、Pvr和Rvh较常规治疗组显著降低(P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1 ) ,但两组Phv和Phr相比差异无显著性 (P>0 0 5 )。　结论　β受体阻滞剂能显著提高慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心动周期信号的混沌度 ,降低交感神经活性 ,改善交感神经和迷走神经的平衡和心功能状态。     

β-阻断剂对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心动周期信号混沌特征的影响

为探讨 β 阻断剂对慢性充血性心力衰竭 (简称心衰 )患者心动周期信号混沌特征的影响 ,将 4 6例慢性心衰患者治疗前与 30例正常健康对照组的心动周期信号混沌特征参数进行比较 ;再将 4 6例慢性心衰患者随机分为 β 阻断剂治疗组和常规治疗组 ,并将两组的心动周期信号混沌特征参数进行比较。结果 :4 6例慢性心衰患者治疗前的心动周期信号混沌度参数相对分散度 (Hrd)、李雅普诺夫指数 (Hle)、分维数 (Hfd)、混沌度 (Hcc)均较正常健康对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 ) ;功率频谱指标中 ,超低频段功率 (Pw)、超低频段相对功率 (Pvr)和超低频段与高频段功率 (Rvh)之比均较正常健康对照组显著升高 (P <0 .0 1 ) ,高频段功率 (Phv)、高频段相对功率 (Phr)和总功率(Tfp)均较正常对照组显著降低 (P <0 .0 1 )。β 阻断剂治疗组的心动周期信号混沌度参数Hrd、Hle、Hfd、Hcc和Tfp与常规治疗组相比显著增加 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 ) ;功率谱参数中 ,Pw、Pvr和Pvh之比较常规治疗组显著降低 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1 ) ,但Phv和Phr两组相比差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :β 阻断剂能显著提高慢性充血性心衰患者心动周期信号的Hcc ,降低交感神经活性 ,改善交感神经和迷走神经的平衡状态     

心动周期信号混沌特征分析对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者预后的评价

目的 探讨心动周期信号混沌特征分析在判断慢性充血性心力衰竭患者预后中的临床应用价值。方法 对40例慢性充血性心力衰竭患者进行心动周期信号混沌特征分析,然后对其进行跟踪随访,了解其预后和转归。结果 随访12～36个月,平均(28±10)个月,12例死亡。死亡组与存活组比较,死亡组的混沌度参数(Hrd、Hle、Hfd、Hcc)显著降低(P<0.01);在功率频谱指标中,Pvv、Pvr、Pvh显著升高(P<0.01),Phv、Phr和Tfp显著降低(P<0.01)。结论 心动周期信号混沌特征分析是判断慢性充血性心力衰竭患者预后的一项有用指标,有助于对慢性充血性心力衰竭患者进行危险分层。     

充血性心力衰竭患者室性心律失常与心脏性猝死

充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者室性心律失常（ＶＡ）和心脏性猝死（ＳＣＤ）均较常见，然而其间的确切关系至今不明［１～３］。我们应用２４小时动态心电图前瞻性研究一组ＣＨＦ患者的室性心律失常，并作随访观察，以探讨其易患因素及其与心脏性猝死的关系。资料和方法临...     

充血性心力衰竭患者QT离散度与室性心律失常的关系

<正> 近几年来,人们发现QT间期离散度(QTd)具有一定的临床意义.本文分析100例重度(心功能Ⅲ、Ⅳ级)充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者QTd与严重室性心律失常的关系.1 对象与方法1.1 对象全部病例均系本院住院患者.根据Framingham心力衰竭诊断标准,确诊为充血性心力衰竭;按NYHA分级评定心功能,随机选择心功能Ⅲ、Ⅳ级患者为观察对象.共观察101例,男性76例,女性24例,平均年龄59.3岁.     

慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心律失常与心功能的关系

慢性充血性心力衰竭患者心律失常与心功能的关系代政学李兰荪贾国良（第四军医大学西京医院心内科西安７１００３２）关键词心力衰竭，充血性心律失常心脏功能慢性充血性心力衰竭患者容易合并各种心律失常。西京医院自１９９３年～１９９５年收治慢性充血性心力衰竭患者１...     

充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异及其与室性心律失常的关系

机体神经 内分泌系统的异常激活 ,是充血性心力衰竭(ＣＨＦ)患者室性心律失常、心源性猝死的重要因素。我们通过对正常人心功能代偿的心脏病人及ＣＨＦ患者的心率变异进行分析 ,以了解其心率变异特点及与室性心律失常的关系。一、对象与方法1 对象 :1999年 5月至 1999年 12月在本院住院的部分ＣＨＦ患者共 36例 ,男 2 0例 ,女 16例 ,年龄 45～ 83岁 ,平均(6 3 3± 9 1)岁。高血压心脏病 18例 ,冠心病 14例 ,瓣膜病 2例 ,扩张型心肌病 2例 ,心功能分级 (ＮＹＨＡ)Ⅱ～Ⅳ级。同期住院的心功能代偿心脏病患者 32例 ,男 19例 ,女 13例 ,年龄40…     

充血性心力衰竭患者心率变异与室性心律失常相关性分析

心力衰竭(CHF)患者常合并各种心律失常，心率变异性(HRV)是反映心脏自主神经调节的指标。2000年1月至2003年12月，我们研究了CHF患者HRV的特点及其与室性心律失常的关系，旨在对判定预后、指导治疗提供帮助。     

硫酸镁对充血性心力衰竭患者室性心律失常的治疗作用

我科于 1 998年 6月～ 2 0 0 0年 3月应用硫酸镁(MS)治疗充血性心力衰竭 (CHF)患者室性心律失常 (VA)并观察其疗效 ,现报告如下。1　对象与方法1 .1 　 对象CHF 6 9例均为住院患者 ,男 47例 ,女 2 2例 ,年龄 3 4～ 78(5 8± 1 2 )岁。病因 :冠心病 2 4例 ,高血压性心脏病 1 8例 ,扩张型心肌病 1 6例 ,风湿性心脏病 1 1例。按照 NYHA标准心功能分级 : 级 2 1例 , 级 3 6例 , 级 1 2例。随机分为两组 ,其中 MS治疗组 3 8例 ,对照组 3 1例。所有患者均排除肺、肝、肾等疾病。1 .2 　 方法对照组给予常规抗心力衰竭治疗 ,包括洋地黄、利…     

充血性心力衰竭病人室性心律失常的发生机制

充血性心力衰竭中室性心律失常的发生率高、致死率高、且治疗也相当困难 ,因此 ,阐明其发生机制就显得非常重要。目前 ,这一领域的研究范围很广 ,成果很多 ,本文将就有关研究作一简要综述     

胺碘酮对合并于充血性心力衰竭的室性心律失常疗效观察

充血性心力衰竭 (ＣＨＦ)患者合并室性心律失常 ,尤其是复杂性室性心律失常 ,其病死率明显增加 ,因此 ,在纠正心力衰竭的同时 ,能否有效地治疗室性心律失常很重要。本文报道小剂量胺碘酮对ＣＨＦ合并的室性心律失常治疗的有效性、安全性及对其生存率的影响。资料和方法　选择ＣＨＦ心功能Ⅲ Ⅳ级 (ＮＹＨＡ分级 ) ,射血分数 <0 40。室性心律失常 (室性早搏≥ 30个 /ｈ ,成对室性早搏及非持续性室性心动过速和持续性室性心动过速 )。年龄 40～ 75岁。原发病为缺血性心脏病 70例 ,扩张性心肌病 36例、心脏瓣膜病 6 0例 (除重度二尖瓣狭窄、主…     

Treatment of arrhythmias in patients with congestive heart failure

Both ventricular and atrial arrhythmias are commonly encountered in patients with ventricular dysfunction. In fact, roughly half of the deaths occurring in patients with ventricular dysfunction are caused by ventricular arrhythmias. Atrial arrhythmias in this patient population compromise left ventricular filling and if uncontrolled can exacerbate (and in some cases cause) the underlying myopathic process. Consequently, the diagnosis and treatment of these complex, and often life-threatening, arrhythmias is a critical component in the management of congestive heart failure (CHF). As the complexity of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic antiarrhythmic therapy evolves, it has become increasingly important to understand the potential benefits and limitations of the various treatment modalities in the setting of patients with CHF. The management of arrhythmias in patients with CHF includes conventional drug therapies, as well as therapies directed specifically at treating the arrhythmias that are encountered. The treatment of atrial arrhythmias may include anticoagulation, drugs for rate control, rhythm control, or radiofrequency ablation. The treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, conversely, uses the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator to prevent sudden death, with adjuvant drug therapy or ablation for refractory ventricular tachycardia. This article provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art arrhythmia management in patients with CHF.     

Evaluation of the patient with congestive heart failure and ventricular arrhythmias

Although vasodilators and new inotropic agents have been shown to improve ventricular function and reduce symptoms, their effect on mortality is uncertain. In view of our failure to reduce mortality in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), the identification and amelioration of potentially reversible factors that might alter survival are crucial before initiating therapy. The first step is to establish the diagnosis of CHF and the presence or absence of dilated congestive cardiomyopathy. The extent of myocardial dysfunction, both right and left, must also be evaluated. In post-myocardial infarction patients, left ventricular ejection fraction is an important indicator of prognosis during the first 1 to 2 years. However, in patients with chronic CHF and dilated cardiomyopathy, right ventricular ejection fraction may be a more effective predictor of survival. The presence, frequency and complexity of ventricular arrhythmias must be determined, because these arrhythmias may independently increase the risk of sudden cardiac death in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. Their role in patients with idiopathic cardiomyopathy is less certain. In addition, myocardial ischemia, left ventricular dyskinesis or aneurysm, occult myocarditis and neurothrombosis formation must be ruled out. Detection and correction of serum electrolyte and neurohumeral abnormalities are essential. Our failure to reduce mortality in patients with CHF may not entirely lie in the lack of effective therapeutic agents but rather in our failure to apply properly the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches now available.     

Oxygen therapy prevents ventricular arrhythmias in patients with congestive heart failure and sleep apnea.

BACKGROUND: Although ventricular arrhythmia is critical for the prognosis of patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF), it is difficult to control the arrhythmia using conservative therapies. However, many CHF patients also have sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) and oxygen supply improves their prognosis. The beneficial effects of oxygen treatment for ventricular arrhythmia have not yet been clarified, so the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of oxygen treatment for premature ventricular contraction (PVC). METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients with CHF and SAS were divided into 3 groups: (1) the "PVC declined" group that included patients who had frequent PVCs and oxygen treatment that suppressed the number of PVC; (2) the "PVC not affected" group that included patients who had frequent PVCs and oxygen treatment did not affect the number of PVC; and (3) the "few PVC" group that included patients who had no or few PVCs. The group 1 patients showed higher apnea-hypopnea index, standard deviation of all R-R intervals, left ventricular ejection fraction, and brain natriuretic peptide levels than the patients in group 2. Oxygen treatment in group 3 did not affect the PVC frequency. CONCLUSIONS: Oxygen treatment may be useful for preventing ventricular arrhythmia in selected patients with CHF and SAS.     

Effect of enalapril on ventricular arrhythmias in congestive heart failure

Twenty-four-hour Holter electrocardiographic recordings were used to measure the effects of a converting-enzyme inhibitor, enalapril, given for 12 weeks, on the frequency of cardiac arrhythmias in 10 patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association functional class II to III) receiving maintenance therapy with digoxin and furosemide. Nine patients were given placebo, and both study groups were conducted in a double-blind, parallel manner. The placebo group had no change in the frequency of arrhythmias, whereas enalapril-treated patients showed a significant decrease in the frequency of premature ventricular complexes, ventricular couplets and ventricular tachycardia. A minor, nonsignificant reduction in atrial premature complexes was seen in patients who received enalapril. Compared with placebo patients, those who received enalapril had an increase in plasma potassium levels of 0.33 mmol/liter, a decrease in plasma digoxin, and decreases in pulmonary artery wedge, mean pulmonary artery and right atrial pressures. However, none of these indexes were correlated with the concomitant decline in cardiac arrhythmias. It is concluded that enalapril reduces the frequency of ventricular arrhythmias in congestive heart failure, although the underlying mechanisms are not known.     

充血性心力衰竭伴室性心动过速患者心率变异与预后的关系

为探讨充血性心力衰竭（ＣＨＦ）患者自主神经张力变化与室性心律失常的关系，我们对ＣＨＦ患者有或与持续性室性心动过速（ＮＳＶＴ），ＣＨＦ患者与正常组各项心率变异（ＨＲＶ）时域指标进行比较。结果：ＣＨＦ组的ＨＲＶ降低，其ＨＲＶ各项指标与患者的ＬＶＥＦ不存在直线相关，死亡者的ＳＤＲＲ、ＳＤＡＮＮ明显低于存活者（Ｐ＜０．００１）；ＣＨＦ有ＮＳＶＴ者与无ＶＴ者ＨＲＶ差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。作者认为ＨＲＶ低表示自主神经张力失衡，容易导致猝死。在预测ＣＨＦ患者预后时，ＨＲＶ优于ＬＶＥＦ和ＮＳＶＴ；ＨＲＶ时域指标ＳＤＲＲ、ＳＤＡＮＮ敏感性优于ＰＮＮ５０。