三踝骨折的治疗

目的：探讨三踝骨折的治疗措施。方法：对４２例三踝骨折病人,９例采用手法整复外因我采用手术内固定。随访３５例,随访时间５个月－７年,优１９例,良１１例,可３例,差２例。结论：三踝骨折治疗的关键是将倾斜移位的骨复位并稳定于踝穴之中,恢复正常的关节结构。     

三踝骨折内固定治疗并论相关问题

目的：探讨三踝骨折的内固定治疗。方法：对54例三踝骨折采用手术内固定治疗，结合临床研究及损伤机制进行回顾分析。结果：本组病例34例随访随访时间6个月-8年，优18例，良10例，可5例，差1例，优良率82.3%，结论：三踝骨折手术治疗的关键是恢复并稳定踝穴和距骨的解剖关系，并重视下胫腓联合的处理，强调手术按后，外，内踝的顺序进行及早期功能锻炼。     

后外侧联合内侧入路急诊内固定治疗三踝骨折

目的 探讨后外侧联合内侧入路急诊内固定治疗三踝骨折的疗效.方法 对23例三踝骨折患者急诊采用后外侧入路行后踝骨折复位空心螺钉或支撑钢板内固定、外踝骨折复位钢板内固定,内侧入路行内踝骨折复位空心螺钉内固定.末次随访时采用AOFAS踝-后足功能评分标准评价疗效.结果 患者均获得随访,时间10～32个月.切口均一期愈合.骨折...     

后外侧入路在三踝骨折治疗中的应用体会

目的介绍采用后外侧入路治疗三踝骨折的临床体会。方法在12例三踝骨折中,应用后外侧入路对外、后踝进行显露及固定,并观察疗效及术后并发症。结果获随访10-37个月,骨折全部愈合,术后疗效评定：优8例,良2例,可2例。结论后外侧入路可以为外、后踝骨折提供良好的显露。确保手术治疗三踝骨折取得满意的疗效。     

三踝骨折内固定治疗并论相关问题

目的探讨三踝骨折的内固定治疗.方法对54例三踝骨折采用手术内固定治疗,结合临床研究及损伤机制进行回顾分析.结果本组病例34例随访,随访时间6个月～8年,优18例,良10例,可5例,差1例.优良率82.3%.结论三踝骨折手术治疗的关键是恢复并稳定踝穴和距骨的解剖关系,并重视下胫腓联合的处理.强调手术按后、外、内踝的顺序进行及早期功能锻炼.     

术中改换体位应用后外侧手术入路治疗三踝骨折

目的探讨平卧位复位固定内踝骨折,然后转侧卧位后外侧入路复位固定外踝、后踝骨折治疗三踝骨折的疗效。方法自2008-01—2013-08对21例不稳定三踝骨折取平卧位复位固定内踝骨折,然后转侧卧位复位固定外踝、后踝骨折。末次随访时疗效根据Olerud-Molander踝关节骨折评分系统评定。结果术后切口均在15 d内愈合拆线,无切口感染发生。本组均获得平均17(12~35)个月的随访。3例外踝尖部因内固定物突出于皮下,术后出现疼痛不适,骨折愈合取出内固定后疼痛消失。末次随访时疗效根据Olerud-Molander踝关节骨折评分系统评定:优15例,良4例,可2例,优良率90.5%。结论先平卧位复位固定内踝骨折后转换健侧卧位采用后外侧入路复位固定外踝及后踝骨折治疗三踝骨折,手术易于操作,可获得满意的治疗效果。     

可吸收钉结合钢板内固定治疗三踝骨折

目的探讨治疗三踝骨折的一种新方法。方法对17例三踝骨折行切开复位可吸收螺钉结合钢板内固定,术后适当的外固定及功能锻炼。结果经平均1．5年随访,疗效优13例,良3例,可1例。结论对三踝骨折行可吸收螺钉结合钢板内固定治疗,疗效满意。     

三踝骨折的内固定治疗

目的 探讨切开复位内固定治疗三踝骨折的疗效.方法对48例三踝骨折患者依外踝-后踝-内踝的顺序切开复位,采用1/3管形钢板或远端解剖型钢板内固定治疗.结果 患者均获随访,时间6～24个月.按照美国足踝外科学会（AOFASO）评定标准：优29,良11例,可6例,差2例,优良率为83.3%.结论 切开复位内固定治疗三踝骨折可以恢复踝关节的正常解剖结构,重建踝关节的稳定性,临床疗效满意.     

后外侧人路在三踝骨折治疗中的应用体会

目的 介绍采用后外侧入路治疗三踝骨折的临床体会.方法 在12例三踝骨折中,应用后外侧入路对外、后踝进行显露及固定,并观察疗效及术后并发症.结果 获随访10～37个月,骨折全部愈合,术后疗效评定:优8例,良2例,可2例.结论 后外侧人路可以为外、后踝骨折提供良好的显露,确保手术治疗三踝骨折取得满意的疗效.     

三踝骨折内固定治疗的体会

目的探讨三踝骨折手术内固定的顺序。方法回顾性研究我院1997～2006年手术治疗三踝骨折的疗效。结果53例得到随访,优良率92.4%。结论三踝骨折内外侧两个切口即可很好显露,内固定顺序为内踝、后踝、外踝,最后固定下胫腓联合,具有切实可靠的疗效,同时易操作、易暴露、易掌握。     

内固定法治疗肘关节骨折

目的探讨采用内固定方法治疗肘关节新鲜和陈旧骨折的疗效。方法对治疗的 10例肘关节内骨折的病例进行回顾性分析,其中男 9例,女 1例;新鲜骨折 6例,陈旧骨折 4例;开放性骨折 4例,闭合性骨折 6例。开放性骨折中有 3例常规清创后采用内固定术或内固定术＋推进皮瓣术, 1例待伤口愈合按闭合性骨折处理。全部病例分别采用张力带、张力带＋螺钉内固定、螺钉内固定。结果平均随访 8个月,伤口均一期愈合,骨愈合时间为 3～ 4个月,新鲜骨折康复后的平均总活动度为伸屈- 4.2°～ 144.2° ,陈旧骨折平均总活动度为伸屈- 31.3°～ 115°,前臂旋转无受限。结论肘关节内骨折应早期手术同时做到解剖复位、坚强内固定,并行早期功能锻炼。     

跖跗关节骨折脱位89例

目的：探讨跖跗关节骨折脱位治疗方法和疗效分析。方法：对89例跖跗关节骨折脱位者根据分型分类法进行闭合复位石膏外固定、切开复位内固定和闭合复位内固定治疗。按跖行、稳定、疼痛、外形和X线五项标准评定临床疗效。结果：随访6个月－3年，平均2年。闭合复位治疗29例，优12例，良13例，差4例，优良率86％。切开复位内固定治疗45例，优24例，良16例，差5例，优良率89％。闭合复位内固定治疗15例，按分型统计取得满意疗效。结论：保守治疗可获得满意疗效，手术较保守治疗并无多大优势。目前应用的分类方法，需进一步完善，对临床治疗和预后判断具有一定的指导作用。     

髋关节骨折脱位22例报告

作者在1987年1月至1994年3月间收治髋关节骨折脱位22例,占同期收治62例髋关节后脱位的34.9%.按改良的Stward分型,Ⅰ型2列,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型4例,Ⅳ型6例,Ⅴ型5例.新鲜伤16例,陈旧伤6例.均为闭合性.误漏诊3例.对Ⅰ、Ⅲ型采取保守治疗;对Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型大部分采取手术治疗.其中16例随访平均3年8个月,疗效11例满意,3例基本满意,2例不满意,满意与基本满意率为87.5%.对髋关节骨折脱位的分型、治疗方法及内固定方法进行了讨论,主张有选择和有节制的手法复位,手法复位失败及陈旧性者采取早期切开复位及内固定.介绍一种可吸收性聚乙交酯(SR—PGA)螺钉及固定棒治疗股骨头骨折,认为此种可吸收性材料不需二次手术取出,对关节内骨折经软骨内固定具有特殊的优越性.     

超声在儿童尺桡骨骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术中的应用

目的探讨超声在儿童尺桡骨骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定术中的应用效果。方法对30例新鲜闭合尺桡骨骨折患儿术中在超声引导下进行骨折闭合复位弹性髓内钉固定,记录术后患肢功能及并发症。结果30例均在超声引导下成功闭合复位,髓内钉通过骨折断端时未造成血管、神经损伤。患儿均获得随访,时间6~9个月。骨折均达到骨性愈合,未发现内固定移位、断裂及骨折畸形愈合等情况。末次随访时,根据Berton评定标准评价疗效:优27例,良3例。结论术中在超声引导下可以实现儿童尺桡骨骨折闭合复位内固定,且具有创伤小、辐射少的优点。     

2种内固定方法治疗98例踝关节骨折的疗效比较

目的比较闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定与传统切开复位内固定治疗踝关节骨折的疗效。方法 2004年3月～2009年8月收治的98例非粉碎型内外踝双骨折根据内固定方法不同分为闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定(闭合复位组)和传统切开复位内固定(切开复位组),比较2组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、骨折愈合时间、骨折愈合后外踝有无疼痛及术后1年AOFAS足踝评分。结果闭合复位组术中出血量、术后切口感染发生率及骨折愈合后外踝出现疼痛发生率明显优于切开复位组(P<0.05)。闭合复位组51例术后随访16～81个月,平均29.7月,骨折全部愈合;切开复位组42例随访17～80个月,平均28.3月,4例出现切口红肿、皮缘坏死,经换药后切口愈合,无深部感染发生,1例出现骨折不愈合。结论与传统切开复位内固定比较,闭合复位经皮空心螺钉内固定治疗踝关节骨折具有出血少、术后切口并发症发生率低、骨折愈合后外踝疼痛发生率低的优点,并能获得与切开复位内固定等同的踝关节功能。     

Carpometacarpal dislocations: report of five cases and review of the literature

Carpometacarpal dislocations occur in less than 1% of hand injuries. Since 1973, five cases were treated at Henry Ford Hospital. Three of the dislocations were unstable and required internal fixation. Of these dislocations only one needed open reduction. The other two dislocations were successfully treated by closed reduction and cast immobilization. Follow-up ranged from 2 to 13 months. Three patients were asymptomatic, and the other two, both of whose injuries had been treated by internal fixation, reported pain with activity.     

切开复位克氏针张力带与闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效比较

目的比较切开复位克氏针张力带与闭合复位经皮双头加压空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折的疗效。方法回顾性分析自2013-01—2016-01诊治的65例横形髌骨骨折,采用闭合复位经皮双头加压空心钉内固定治疗30例(空心钉组),采用切开复位克氏针张力带内固定治疗35例(张力带组)。比较2组术后0.5、3、6个月的VAS评分及膝关节功能Lysholm评分。结果 65例均获得随访6~12个月,平均8个月。张力带组2例出现克氏针松动退出刺激皮肤,取出内固定后缓解。空心钉组无内固定松动断裂及皮肤刺激等并发症。空心钉组术后0.5、3、6个月VAS评分均低于张力带组,空心钉组术后0.5、3、6个月膝关节功能Lysholm评分高于张力带组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论闭合复位经皮空心钉内固定治疗髌骨骨折可取得满意的临床效果,术后患者可以获得良好的膝关节功能,且疼痛轻,并发症少。     

Mason type II radial head fractures: operative versus nonoperative treatment.

The most appropriate treatment of Mason type II radial head fractures remains controversial. Recommended treatment has included closed reduction and immobilization, resection, or open reduction and internal fixation. The cases of 29 Mason type II radial head fractures treated at Naval Hospital Oakland from 1983 to 1989 were identified. Twenty-six or 90% were available for detailed follow-up. All cases underwent standardized elbow evaluations and results were compared using an elbow score based on a 100-point scale. The parameters evaluated were pain, motion, elbow and grip strength, and function in activities of daily living. In addition, injury and follow-up radiographs were analyzed. Mean follow-up was 18 months. There were 10 cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation and 16 cases treated by closed means. At final follow-up, the operatively treated group had a mean elbow score of 92 and 90% good/excellent results. The nonoperatively treated group had a mean elbow score of 77 and 44% good/excellent results. This difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.01). Radiographic analysis revealed a higher incidence of articular depression, displacement, and joint narrowing in the nonoperatively treated group. We conclude that displaced radial head fractures treated nonoperatively have a higher incidence of pain, functional limitations, loss of strength, and radiographic evidence of arthritis when compared to those treated by open reduction and internal fixation.     

A prospective, randomized study of the management of severe ankle fractures

One hundred and thirty-eight patients with a closed grade-4 supination-external rotation or pronation-external rotation ankle fracture (Lauge-Hansen classification) who were seen in the emergency room of the University of Chicago Hospitals were entered into a randomized study of the results of various methods of treatment. Ninety-six patients with satisfactory initial closed reduction were randomized between continued closed treatment in a plaster cast and open reduction with rigid internal fixation according to the techniques of the Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (ASIF). Forty-two patients with unsatisfactory closed reduction were randomized between open reduction with internal fixation of only the medial malleolus and open reduction with rigid internal fixation according to the ASIF techniques. Of the 138 patients who were admitted to the study, only seventy-one (51 per cent) could be followed for an average of 3.5 years (a typical return rate of urban trauma centers). The outcomes were evaluated by a scoring system that included clinical, anatomical, and arthritis scores. Statistical analysis of the data showed that, of the patients with initial satisfactory closed reduction, the ones treated by open reduction and rigid internal fixation had significantly higher total scores, particularly the patients who were more than fifty years old and those with a medial malleolar fracture. The small number of patients with unsatisfactory closed reduction who were treated by one of the two types of open reduction and internal fixation and were available for follow-up precluded drawing any conclusions about the superiority of one method of internal fixation over the other in that group. The difference in the talocrural angle between the injured and normal sides was the only statistically significant radiographic indicator of a good prognosis.     

Dorsal fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint: a comparative study of percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation versus open reduction and internal fixation

Nineteen patients with a dorsal fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of a finger were treated with either closed reduction and transarticular Kirschner wire fixation (eight cases) or open reduction and internal fixation, using either one or two lag screws (six cases) or a cerclage wire (five cases). At a mean follow-up of 7 (range 6-9) years, most patients reported satisfactory finger function, even though some of the injuries healed with proximal interphalangeal joint incongruency (seven cases) or subluxation (four cases). Those treated by open reduction complained of more "loss of feeling" in the affected finger and those specifically treated by cerclage wire fixation reported more cold intolerance and had a significantly larger fixed flexion deformity (median, 30 degrees : range 18-38 degrees ) and a smaller arc of motion (median, 48 degrees : range 45-60 degrees ) at the proximal interphalangeal joint, despite having the best radiological outcomes. Closed reduction and transarticular Kirschner wire fixation produced satisfactory results, with none of the eight patients experiencing significant persistent symptoms despite a reduced arc of proximal interphalangeal joint flexion (median=75 degrees ; range 60-108 degrees ). The results of this relatively simple treatment appear at least as satisfactory as those obtained by the two techniques of open reduction and internal fixation, both of which were technically demanding.