影响人工关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床风险因素分析

目的 分析影响人工关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的临床风险因素。方法对2004年4月至8月95例128个人工髋、膝关节置换术术后DVT发生情况进行分析。其中男性27例,女性68例,平均年龄60岁（23～78岁）。人工髋关节置换术（THA）43例48髋,人工膝关节置换术（TKA）52例80膝。术前及术后7～10d均用彩色多普勒检查双下肢深静脉血流通畅情况及DVT的发生。对19项临床因素与人工关节置换术后DVT形成的相关性进行了分析。结果术后发生DVT的患者有45人,DVT发生率为47．4％（45／95）,其中无症状DVT患者占57．8％（26／45）。经logistic多因素回归分析,与DVT相关的因素有4个,其中女性、肥胖及骨水泥的使用使术后发生DVT的风险分别增加到10．008、3．094、8．887倍（P〈0．05）;类风湿关节炎的诊断使术后发生DVT的可能性减少到0．194倍（P〈0．05）。结论女性、肥胖及骨水泥的使用是人工关节术后发生DVT的危险因素,而类风湿关节炎（RA）则是减少术后发生DVT的保护因素;关节置换术后无症状DVT的大量存在,提示我们术后最好常规行双下肢彩色多普勒或造影检查,一旦有DVT发生,及时治疗,防止发生致命性肺栓塞。     

全膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓的预防

目的 探讨全膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成的预防措施.方法 回顾苏州大学附属第三医院2004年至2007年87例TKR手术后深静脉血栓形成情况.结果 87例患者中,15例患者术后发生深静脉血栓,38例术后使用低分子肝素,5例患者发生深静脉血栓形成,35例使用阿司匹林患者中,6例深静脉血栓形成,与使用低分子肝素组比较无统计学意义,仅使用机械预防措施10例患者中发生4例深静脉血栓形成.结论 术前使用低分子肝素可以预防深静脉血栓形成的发生,采用硬膜外麻醉,术后采用药物阿司匹林或低分子肝素可以较好地预防深静脉血栓的形成.     

Enoxaparin and heparin comparison of deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis in total hip replacement patients

Introduction: We compared the efficacy and safety of standard heparin to that of low molecular weight heparin (Enoxaparin) in 100 hip replacement patients. Materials and methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent total hip replacement surgery were randomised to receive a study medication. Enoxaparin was administered to 50 patients (prophylaxis with subcutaneous injection of 40 mg of Enoxaparin daily was initiated 12 h preoperatively), and heparin (subcutaneous standard heparin initiated 8 h preoperatively on a dose of 5,000 IU and continued to 15,000 IU per day in three equal dosages every 8 h) was given to 50 patients. Each treatment was continued until the patients were discharged from the hospital. They were made to undergo lower extremity duplex ultrasonography for deep vein thrombosis before discharge and discontinued from medication if no pathology was found. The primary parameter to determine the efficacy was the prevalence of venous thromboembolic disease. The primary parameter to determine safety was the prevalence of major bleeding. Results: Two patients in the heparin group developed DVT, which was detected by routine duplex ultrasonography at the end of hospitalisation, and two patients in the exoparine group were detected with late DVT during the postoperative period of 6 weeks. Seven patients had minor and major bleeding in both the groups. Six patients in the heparin group discontinued from medication because of hepatic, renal dysfunctions, and serious discharges from the wound. Conclusion: Enoxaparin is as safe and as effective as standard heparin in total hip replacement surgery.     

利伐沙班药物预防HAPC患者全髋、膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成的疗效观察

目的探究利伐沙班运用于高原红细胞增多症(high altitude polycythemia,HAPC)患者全髋、膝关节置换术后深静脉血栓中的预防价值。方法以青海省人民医院2016年2月至2018年2月收治的80例HAPC患者全髋、膝关节置换术后资料为研究对象,遵照院号尾数单双号分成A组(利伐沙班治疗)与B组(低分子肝素钙治疗)各40例。探讨实施不同药物预防对预防效果的影响。结果在深静脉血栓发生率上两组相比,A组(2. 50%)显著比B组(15. 00%)低(P0. 05);在术后14 d的髂外静脉的平均血流速度上,A组显著比B组高(P0. 05); A组治疗后的PLT、PT、APTT与B组比较无差异(P0. 05),A组治疗后的FIB低于B组(P0. 05)。结论将利伐沙班应用于HAPC患者全髋、膝关节置换术后患者时,可显著改善髂外静脉的平均血流速度及凝血指标,预防深静脉血栓产生。     

髋关节置换后监测D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原及纤维蛋白降解产物对诊断预防下肢深静脉血栓的临床意义

目的检测人工全髋关节置换术前、术后血浆纤维蛋白原,纤维蛋白降解产物,D-二聚体含量变化,探讨其对诊断及预防下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床指导意义。方法选择人工全髋关节置换患者133例,根据术后有无DVT将其分为DVT组和Control组,分别于入院后1d、术后1d、7d、14d检测凝血功能纤维蛋白原（FIB）、纤维蛋白降解产物（FDB）、D-二聚体（D-dimer）,并进行分析比较。结果血浆FIB含量在手术前后Control组和DVT组差异无统计学意义,术后两组均有一过性升高趋势,但术后14d降至正常;FDB手术前后两组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）,Control组术前含量较低,术后同样有一过性升高趋势,术后14d逐渐降低,术后各个时间点同术前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,DVT组术前FDP含量较高,术后1d达峰值,之后逐渐下降,各时间点差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;D-dimer术后两组含量逐渐增高,术后7d、14d同术前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）,术后7d、14d DVT组含量显著高于Control组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论纤维蛋白原、纤维蛋白降解产物和D-二聚体的检测在低分子肝素预处理后的人工全髋关节置换术后DVT的早期预防及治疗上具有临床应用价值,尤其是D-二聚体是诊断深静脉血栓的实验室无创伤检查的首选方法。     

维生素E、FDP预防全髋关节置换术后深静脉血栓形成的研究

目的探讨维生素E、1,6-二磷酸果糖(FDP)对人工全髋关节置换(THR)围手术期红细胞脂质过氧化损伤及术后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的防治作用。方法97例老年股骨颈骨折患者,于硬膜外阻滞麻醉下行THR术,随机分为未用药组(A组,46例)和用药组(B组,51例)即术前应用维生素E联合术中应用FDP组。两组分别在手术开始前、术后1、3、5、7d抽取血样,测定红细胞中丙二醛(MDA)的含量,同时所有病例于术后第7天行患肢彩色多普勒血流成像检查,了解DVT形成情况及两组术后DVT的发生率。结果THR术可引起患者机体术后红细胞中MDA的含量明显增高;术前应用维生素E联合术中应用FDP可有效地预防围手术期红细胞脂质过氧化损伤。未用药组DVT发生率为32.6%,用药组DVT发生率为13.5%,两组相比差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论术前应用维生素E联合术中应用FDP可显著降低人工全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的发生率。     

髋膝关节置换术前预测深静脉血栓形成的多因素分析

[目的]通过对髋、膝关节置换术前患者的相关危险因素的分析,个体化预测其术后下肢深静脉血栓形成(deepveinthrombosis,DVT)的可能性.[方法]2006年4月～2011年11月共309例(髋关节病变113人、膝关节病变196人)接受髋、膝关节置换术的无DVT的患者被纳入研究.所有患者在围术期均接受正规的物理及药物预防血栓治疗.术后第3～10d根据患者病情复查双下肢深静脉彩超了解是否形成血栓.最后,通过术后DVT组与非DVT组的各种术前危险因素的对比分析,提出术前预测术后DVT的公式.[结果]309名患者中术后发生DVT者82例,其中髋关节12例,膝关节70例;单关节置换术后38例,双关节同时置换术后44例.通过判别分析,发现年龄、谷草转氨酶、肌酐、一次手术关节数量、凝血酶原时间和D-二聚体定量与髋、膝关节置换术后DVT的相关性较强,并得出函数预测公式.所有患者平均随访3.5年(4～71个月),均未发生症状性肺栓塞,也未发生明确的肝素类药物副作用.[结论]即使在围术期正规抗凝治疗的前提下,髋、膝关节置换术后DVT的发生率仍然较高.术前如开展个体化预测,能提示对高危人群给予更积极、合理的干预,从而减少术后DVT相关的并发症.     

Deep vein thrombosis after total hip arthroplasty in Korean patients and D-dimer as a screening tool

Introduction  This prospective study was designed to confirm risk factors and to assess the incidence of deep vein thrombosis after total hip and surface replacement arthroplasty in Korean patients not receiving anticoagulation prophylaxis and to determine efficacy of plasma D-dimer levels as a screening test. Materials and methods  From May 2003 to August 2004, 221 consecutive patients undergoing unilateral total hip arthroplasty and hip resurfacing were evaluated. All patients underwent ultrasonography preoperatively and venography and/or ultrasonography on postoperative day 7. Plasma D-dimer levels were estimated by latex immuno-assay preoperatively and on days 3 and 7 postoperatively. Results  Of the 221 patients in our cohort, 23 developed deep vein thrombosis (10.4%). Age (r = 0.245, P < 0.001) and gender (r = 0.155, P = 0.021) significantly correlated with deep vein thrombosis. Rise in incidence paralleled increase in age (X² = 32.860, P < 0.001). D-dimer levels on postoperative days 3 (γ = 0.364, P < 0.001) and 7 (γ = 0.470, P < 0.001) were significantly correlated to the development of DVT. Conclusion  While incidence of deep vein thrombosis in Korean population after THA was lower than that in the West; it increased with age, and in female gender. Significant correlation was found between D-dimer levels and the development of deep vein thrombosis.     

原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全对全膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的 探讨原发性深静脉瓣膜功能不全(PDVI)对全膝关节置换术(TKR)术后深静脉血栓形成的影响.方法 126例TKR患者,术前行彩色多普勒超声检查,记录股总静脉有无反流并记录反流时间,反流时间>1s为静脉瓣膜功能不全(有PDVI组),无反流或反流时间≤1 s为静脉瓣膜功能正常(无PDVI组);术后7 d再对全部患者进行下肢静脉彩色多普勒超声复查,观察有无下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)发生.对两组计量资料采用成组资料χ2检验的方法进行统计学分析.结果 126例患者中,有PDVI组54例,无PDVI组72例,共有50例患者术后发生下肢DVT,总发生率39.7%(50/126).其中,有PDVI组33例患者术后发生下肢DVT,发生率61.1%(33/54);无PDVI组17例患者术后发生下肢DVT,发生率23.6%(17/72);PDVI组下肢深静脉血栓的发生率高于瓣膜功能正常组,两组差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.227,P<0.05).结论 原发性PDVI是TKR术后下肢深静脉血栓发生的危险因素.     

Preoperative normovolaemic haemodilution with dextran 70 as a thromboembolic prophylaxis in total hip replacement

Summary The effect of preoperative normovolaemic haemodilution with dextran 70 in 57 patients undergoing total hip replacement for osteoarthritis, was evaluated with respect to the production of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. The patients were randomly allocated to one group undergoing preoperative haemodilution and one control group receiving 500 ml dextran 70 during operation and again on the second postoperative day. Before operation blood was replaced by dextran 70 to lower the hematocrit to between 25 and 30. The blood drained from the patients was used to replace blood lost at operation.Between 10 and 14 days after operation the patients were examined by perfusion lung scan, chest radiography and bilateral phlebography. Twelve patients also had ¹³³ Xe ventilation scans. The incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the two groups did not differ significantly. Pulmonary embolism was significantly decreased in the preoperative haemodilution group. One patient in the control group had clinical symptoms of, and died from, pulmonary embolism.

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Résumé L'effet antithrombosant d'une hémodilution pré-opératoire par le dextran 70 at été étudié chez 57 malades qui ont subi une arthroplastie totale de hanche pour coxarthrose. Les malades ont été distribués par randomisation en deux groupes; dans l'un, ils ont été soumis au traitement: hémodilution pré-opératoire et dans l'autre, groupe de contrôle, ils ont reçu 500 ml de dextran 70 pendant l'opération et au second jour post-opératoire. L'hémodilution pré-opératoire a été réalisée en remplaçant le sang par le dextran pour réduire l'hématocrite à 25–30. Le sang prélevé a été employé pour compenser l'hémorragie per-opératoire.Dix à 14 jours après l'opération les malades ont été examinés par scintigraphie pulmonaire, radiographie pulmonaire et phlébographie bilatérale. Douze malades ont aussi subi une scintigraphie au Xenon 133. Il n'y a pas eu de différence significative entre les deux groupes en ce qui concerne le développement de thrombose des veines profondes. Par contre le nombre d'embolie pulmonaire a été réduit de façon significative dans le groupe qui a subi l'hémodilution pré-opératoire. Un malade du groupe de contrôle présenta des symptômes cliniques d'embolie pulmonaire et en mourut.

     

全膝关节置换术后下肢肌间静脉血栓的转归及影响因素

目的 探讨全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)后下肢肌间静脉血栓的转归及影响因素.方法 回顾性分析2019年6月至10月行单侧TKA术后由下肢深静脉彩超确诊的新鲜肌间静脉血栓病人64例,男29例,女35例;年龄为(56.3±7.7)岁(46～82岁).彩色超声多普勒观察肌间静脉血栓在...     

Preoperative risk factors for deep vein thrombosis in knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty

BackgroundTo analyze the risk factors for preoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA).MethodsIn this retrospective study, a total of 584 knee OA patients undergoing TKA were enrolled. General information, medical records and preoperative laboratory examination results of the patients were collected. According to the results of Doppler ultrasonography for the lower extremities, the patients were divided into DVT group and non-DVT group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to identify independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in knee OA patients undergoing TKA.ResultsThe incidence of DVT before TKA was 6.85% (40 cases). The increase of ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate), platelet crit, IL-6 (Interleukin-6), and PCT (Procalcitonin) were associated with the development of DVT before TKA. Factors as coronary heart disease (CHD), diabetes mellitus (DM), Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), NLR (ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes), lower limb venous blood stasis, the time from onset to admission, RBC, PLT were identified by multivariate logistic regression to be the independent risk factors for preoperative DVT in knee OA patients undergoing TKA.ConclusionsDM, CKD, CHD, increased in ESR, IL-6 and PCT, blood stasis of the lower extremities, increased in PLT, platelet crit and the time from onset to admission, decreased in RBC, were high risk factors for preoperative DVT in knee OA patients undergoing TKA.     

髋、膝关节矫形术和髋部骨折内固定术后病人下肢深静脉血栓形成的危险因素

Objective To determine the factors contributing to the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremity in patients after hip or knee arthroplasty and hip fracture internal fixation.Methods One hundred and forty-seven consecutive patients receiving hip or knee arthroplasty and hip fracture internal fixation from 2004 to 2005 were included in this study. Their age ranged from 33 to 92 years. Duplex color ultrasonic inspection was performed on veins of the bilateral lower extremities before operation and 2 weeks after operation for detection of DVT. The patients were divided into a DVT group and a DVT-free group based on the development of DVT after operation. Detailed perioperative clinical information about the patients, surgery and anesthesia was collected.Results Lower extremity DVT was found in 42.2% of the patients after operation, while the incidence of proximal DVT was 2.7%. Compared with the DVT-free group, the usage rate and dosage of ephedrine increased significantly, the duration of anesthesia was significantly longer, and the white blood cell count (WBC) on the 1st postoperative day and the highest WBC count were significantly higher in the DVT group(P＜0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the above factors were closely related to DVT.Conclusion Duration of anesthesia ＞ 3 h, ephedrine administration and a marked increase in WBC count after operation are the risk factors for DVT in the lower extremities in patients after hip or knee arthroplasty and hip fracture internal fixation.     

初次髋膝关节置换术后静脉血栓发生情况的观察比较

目的 :通过对大样本的初次全髋、膝关节置换术患者的资料进行统计分析,描述初次髋、膝关节术后静脉血栓的发生率及解剖分布。方法:纳入2013年12月至2014年12月行初次全髋、膝关节置换术1 686例患者,其中THA 928例,TKA 758例。所有患者术前、出院前常规行双下肢静脉彩超,术中常规使用抗纤溶药,术后抗凝14 d。统计分析术后血栓发生类型及其解剖分布。结果:初次全髋关节置换术患者928例,30例出现血栓,27例为孤立性肌间静脉血栓,其次为累及腓静脉或胫后静脉的周围性血栓,无中心型血栓发生。初次全膝关节置换术患者758例中,87例出现血栓,81例为周围型血栓,4例为中心型血栓,其余2例为混合型血栓;74例的血栓累及单支静脉,65例累及肌间静脉、4例股静脉、3例胫后静脉、2例浅静脉;13例的血栓累及多支静脉,多累及肌间静脉、胫后静脉、腓静脉、静脉中的2支或3支。对比结果发现,全膝关节置换术后血栓发生率较高,差异有统计学意义(P0.001),且更容易出现中心型血栓及多支静脉受累。结论:在现代血栓预防措施的干预下,初次髋、膝关节置换术后血栓发生率较低,其发生率及解剖分布存在差异。     

糖尿病增加全膝关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓的风险

目的 观察糖尿病是否会增加人工全膝关节置换（TKA）术后患者下肢深静脉血栓（DVT）的发生率.方法 实验纳入2011年6月至2013年2月间,在本组行TKA手术的患者.根据患者是否合并有糖尿病,将其分别纳入糖尿病组与非糖尿病组.在术后第3、14天,通过彩色多普勒超声检查,诊断患者是否发生下肢DVT.比较两组间下肢DVT的发生率是否有差异,并通过逻辑回归分析糖尿病与下肢DVT的关系.结果 共358例患者被纳入实验.术后14 d内,糖尿病组有52例患者发生下肢DVT,非糖尿病组有146例患者发生了下肢DVT（P〈0.05）.糖尿病组有16例患者的血栓发生在手术对侧的肢体,非糖尿病组有50例（P〉0.05）.通过Logistic回归分析,糖尿病患者术后发生下肢DVT的风险是非糖尿病患者的2.71倍 [95%CI（1.183-6.212）,P〉0.05].两组间年龄、性别、高血压患病率、BMI、手术时间、术中出血量、止血带使用时间均无统计学差异.结论 虽然目前仍然存在争议,但在本实验中,糖尿病患者TKA术后下肢DVT的发生率高于非糖尿病患者.     

彩色多普勒超声检查联合超声弹性成像对初次全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的分期诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声联合超声弹性成像对初次全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的分期诊断价值。方法筛选32例初次全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓患者并根据患者症状开始时问将其分为急性期、亚急性期和慢性期血栓组。观察各组血栓的彩色多普勒超声和超声弹性图像特点,通过血栓超声弹性图像评分及血栓应变比值半定量评估不同分期血栓的弹性特征。结果急性期血栓彩色多普勒超声表现为低回声或等回声声影,超声弹性成像以红色为主;亚急性期血栓彩色多普勒超声表现为等回声或稍增强回声声影,超声弹性成像以绿色为主;慢性期血栓彩色多普勒超声表现为强回声声影,超声弹性成像以蓝色为主。慢性血栓组及亚急性血栓组超声弹性图像评分及血栓应变比值高于急性血栓组（P〈0．05）,慢性血栓组超声弹性图像评分及血栓应变比值高于亚急性血栓组（P〈0．05）。结论彩色多普勒超声联合超声弹性成像对初次全髋关节置换术后下肢深静脉血栓形成的分期诊断具有一定的临床意义。     

OCM入路微创小切口全髋关节置换术后的深静脉血栓发生率

背景：OCM入路微创小切口全髋关节置换术（THA）创伤小、恢复快,理论上可降低DVT的发生率,但目前尚缺乏术后早期影像学检查判定DVT发生率的确切报道。目的：对行OCM入路微创小切口的全髋关节置换患者进行术后常规深静脉造影检查,以明确其深静脉血栓发生率并指导临床血栓预防。方法：行单侧OCM入路微创小切口THA患者27例,男13例,女14例;年龄28-90岁,平均（63.4±16.4）岁;BMI为21.2-29.8 kg/m2,平均（24.9±2.42）kg/m2;其中股骨头坏死9例,股骨颈骨折7例,发育性髋关节发育不良（DDH）6例,髋关节骨关节炎3例,强直性脊柱炎2例。术后行利伐沙班及气压泵治疗。评估手术时间、手术切口长度、肢体长度差异、术后下地行走时间、术后VAS评分（术后1、3 d）、术中和术后出血情况、术中和术后输血情况。股骨颈骨折患者术前及所有患者术后3-5d行双下肢深静脉造影,以明确DVT发生情况。结果：手术切口长8-10 cm,平均（8.5±0.6）cm;手术时间为65-125 min,平均（82±13）min;术中出血量为100-350 ml,平均（225±72）ml;术后引流量为120-905 ml,平均（457±218）ml,共4例患者输血。所有患者术后当天即可进行主动屈髋锻炼,双下肢长度差异均〈1 cm,术后1、3 d的VAS评分分别为0-6分,平均（2.5±1.4）分和0-4分,平均（1.9±1.2）分,所有患者术后2-3 d即可站立或行走。术前7例股骨颈骨折患者中2例发现患侧下肢DVT,术后深静脉造影检查仍提示同侧DVT,其余25例患者术后仅1例股骨颈骨折患者提示健侧腓肠肌静脉丛血栓形成。结论：采用OCM微创小切口手术入路THA可明显降低DVT的发生率。     

全膝关节置换术后间歇充气压力装置使用开始时间研究

目的探讨全膝关节置换术患者术后早期使用间歇充气压力装置预防下肢深静脉血栓的效果及安全性。方法将91例行单侧全膝关节置换手术患者随机分为早期组44例、晚期组47例,术后两组均行常规抗凝治疗及护理;早期组术后返回病房当天行间歇充气压力装置治疗2h,以后每天2次,每次2h;晚期组术后1d开始行间歇充气压力装置治疗,频次与时间同早期组。结果两组出血量及术后各时段VAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(均P0.05);早期组未发生DVT,晚期组4例(8.51%)发生DVT;早期组术后3d大腿肿胀程度显著轻于晚期组,术后3d、14d膝关节活动度显著大于晚期组(均P0.01)。结论全膝关节置换术后早期应用间歇充气压力装置辅助治疗,不会增加出血量及疼痛;可有效预防下肢深静脉血栓形成,减轻术肢肿胀及改善膝关节活动,有利于术侧肢体康复。     

人工全髋置换术中拉钩对下肢深静脉血栓影响的研究

目的：通过对髂外动静脉及股动静脉与髋臼解剖学与临床的研究，探讨在全髋臼置换术中拉钩在髋放置位置对下肢深静脉血栓的影响。方法：通过解剖学研究56具成年骨盆标本中髂外动静脉及股动静脉来源及走行、与髋臼的关系进行测量分析；并通过临床观察22例（股骨颈骨折12例、股骨头缺血性坏死6例、类风湿性关节炎4例）在人工全髋置换术（THR）中拉钩放置安全区，经下肢静脉超声多普勒检查观察下肢深静脉血栓发病率。结果：在左侧3-5点间、右侧7-9点、左侧9点、右侧3点使用拉钩用力要适度，牵拉时间过长，会造成臀下血管、股动脉的牵拉过度或时间过长，易引起下肢深静脉血栓；通过临床22例THR拉钩放置安全区的观察，无一例下肢深静脉血栓，仅有2例轻度深静脉血流缓慢、但无明显的症状体征，经过口服活血通络中药后消失。结论：通过解剖学与临床观察研究，确定在THR中拉钩放置位置、深度是避免下肢深静脉血栓的重要因素。     

Dislocation following total hip replacement: the Avon Orthopaedic Centre experience

INTRODUCTION

The aim of this study was to determine the incidence and outcome of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty at our unit.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In total, 1727 primary total joint arthroplasties and 305 revision total hip arthroplasties were performed between 1993 and 1996 at our unit. We followed up 1567 (91%) of the primary hip arthroplasties and 284 (93%) of the revision hip arthroplasties at 8–11 years after surgery. Patients were traced by postal questionnaire, telephone interview or examination of case notes of the deceased.

RESULTS

The dislocation rates by approach were 23 out of 555 (4.1%) for the posterior approach, 0 out of 120 (0%) for the Omega approach and 30 out of 892 (3.4%) for the modified Hardinge approach. Of dislocations after primary total hip arthroplasty, 58.5% were recurrent. The mean number of dislocations per patient was 2.81. Overall, 8.1% of revision total hip arthroplasties dislocated. 70% of these became recurrent. The mean number of dislocations per patient was 2.87. The vast majority of dislocations occurred within 2 months of surgery.

DISCUSSION

To our knowledge, this is the largest multisurgeon audit of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty published in the UK. The follow-up of 8–11 years is longer than most comparable studies. The results of this study can be used to inform patients as to the risk and outcome of dislocation, as well as to the risk of further dislocation.