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1.
目的:观察B族维生素联合治疗对脑卒中患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的疗效与安全性。方法:采用随机对照方法,分为安慰剂组(对照组)、低剂量、高剂量3组,设定治疗后血浆总同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)浓度低于15μmol/L为临床治疗有效。结果:本研究3个试验组共有141例,用药4周后低剂量组(n=49)、高剂量组(n=47)的临床有效率分别68.9%、69.4%,治疗前后对比,2个治疗组临床有效率存在显著差异(P〈().01)。治疗后低剂量组、高剂量组的血浆tHcy浓度分别下降了33.8%、35.6%(两组P〈0.01);而对照组(n=45)临床有效率为4.4%,治疗前后的血浆tHcy浓度无明显下降(P〉0.05)。在用药安全性上,3组中治疗前后均未出现明显不良事件。结论:高、低2种剂量的B族维生素联合治疗均可显著降低急性脑卒中患者高同型半胱氨酸血症的血浆tHcy水平,2种剂量的B族维生素联合治疗疗效差别不明显,B组维生素联合治疗有效安全。  相似文献   

2.
老年脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸水平及药物干预研究   总被引:8,自引:6,他引:8  
目的 了解正常人颈动脉硬化患者及脑梗死患者血清同型半脱氨酸(serum total nomocysteine,tHcy)水平及给予叶酸和维生素B12治疗后血tHcy含量的变化。方法 脑梗死组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄63—80岁,平均74岁,符合脑梗死的诊断标淮,均在发病后2周内测定tHcy含量;颈动脉硬化组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄62—79岁,平均72岁。双例颈动脉B超检查均存在颈动脉硬化及(或)粥祥斑块。以上两组均除外甲状腺功能衰退及肾功能衰退。入选者在测定血清叶酸、维生素B12、肌酐、血糖、血脂水平及血压和体重指数后,各组均随机分为两组,即干预治疗组及非干预治疗组,每组40例。干预治疗组患者给予叶酸1.25mg,隔日1次,维生素B12 8μg,1次/d,口服10个月后复查上述各项指标。结果 治疗前3组血tHcy水平各不相同,脑梗死组为(16&;#177;5)μmol/L,颈动脉硬化组为(14&;#177;5)μmol/L,正常老年人组为(12&;#177;3)μmol/L,3组比较差异有显著意义。血tHcy含量增高,叶酸水平越低。相关分析发现,血tHcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12呈负相关。干预治疗后,治疗组患者的血tHcy含量均有所下降。结论 不同程度的脑缺血性疾病与血tHcy水平有一定的关系,补充营养元素有助于降低血tHcy水平,以减少高tHcy对血管的素性作用。  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨叶酸、维生素B12及血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平与血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)的关系。方法:应用高效液相色谱仪和电化学检测法测定37例VD患者的血浆总Hcy水平,并与40例正常同龄对照组及40例非痴呆脑梗死组比较,运用聚合酶链反应-限制性内切酶片段长度多态性技术检测NS,N10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase.MTHFR)基因多态性,同时测定血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平。结果:VD患者血浆总Hcy水平[(28.79&;#177;6.48)μmol/L]显著高于非痴呆脑梗死组[(25.34&;#177;5.36)μmol/L](t=2.553,P=0.005);非痴呆脑梗死组患者血浆总Hcy水平显著高于正常同龄对照组[(19.71&;#177;2.82)μmol/L](t=16.322,P=0.0001)。MTHFR基因型有3种,即纯合子(T/T)型,杂合子(T/C)型,纯合子(C/C)型。3组基因型和等位基因频率相比差异均无显著性意义。VD组患者血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平明显低于非痴呆脑梗死组(t=2.329,3.275;P=0.026,0.001);非痴呆脑梗死组患者血浆叶酸及维生素B12水平明显低于正常同龄对照组(t=3.302,2.328;P=0.001,0.027)结论:高同型半胱氨酸血症可能是VD发病的一个新的危险因素。  相似文献   

4.
目的了解正常人颈动脉硬化患者及脑梗死患者血清同型半胱氨酸(serumtotalnomocysteine,tHcy)水平及给予叶酸和维生素B12治疗后血tHcy含量的变化。方法脑梗死组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄63~80岁,平均74岁,符合脑梗死的诊断标准,均在发病后2周内测定tHcy含量;颈动脉硬化组80例,男71例,女9例,年龄62~79岁,平均72岁。双侧颈动脉B超检查均存在颈动脉硬化及(或)粥样斑块。以上两组均除外甲状腺功能减退及肾功能减退。入选者在测定血清叶酸、维生素B12、肌酐、血糖、血脂水平及血压和体重指数后,各组均随机分为两组,即干预治疗组及非干预治疗组,每组40例。干预治疗组患者给予叶酸1.25mg,隔日1次,维生素B128μg,1次/d,口服10个月后复查上述各项指标。结果治疗前3组血tHcy水平各不相同,脑梗死组为(16±5)μmol/L,颈动脉硬化组为(14±5)μmol/L,正常老年人组为(12±3)μmol/L,3组比较差异有显著意义。血tHcy含量增高,叶酸水平越低。相关分析发现,血tHcy水平与叶酸、维生素B12呈负相关。干预治疗后,治疗组患者的血tHcy含量均有所下降。结论不同程度的脑缺血性疾病与血tHcy水平有一定的关系,补充营养元素有助于降低血tHcy水平,以减少高tHcy对血管的素性作用。  相似文献   

5.
目的:观察应用多巴丝肼治疗及体内叶酸和维生素B6水平对加速帕金森病患者痴呆和认知功能障碍的血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的影响。方法:选择1998-11/2001-10沈阳市第四人民医院门诊就诊的帕金森病患者15例,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组15例。其中治疗组口服多巴丝肼,0.25g/次,2次/d;对照组口服安坦,2mg/次,2次/d。两组均服用1年,于治疗前和疗程结束时测定两组患者血浆同型半胱氨酸、叶酸、维生素B6的水平,比较组间的差异性,分析患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸和维生素B6水平之间的相关性。结果:按实际处理分析,治疗组有2例,对照组有1例脱落,1年后纳人结果分析治疗组为13例,对照组为14例。①两组治疗后情况:叶酸水平无显著差异[治疗组(13.2&;#177;10.8)pmol/L,对照组(12.8&;#177;10.4)pmol/L]:治疗组治疗后血浆同型半胱氨酸水平高于对照组[(13.1&;#177;5.2)和(8.7&;#177;3.3)μmol/L],维生素B6水平低于对照组[(80.2&;#177;75.6)和(150.0&;#177;89.0)nmol/L],差异均有显著性(t=17.845.12.283;P&;lt;0.001)。②治疗组中同型半胱氨酸水平与叶酸和维生素B6水平呈负相关(r=-0.68,-0.62;P&;lt;0.05-0.01),对照组各指标之间无相关关系(r=0.48,0.39,P&;gt;0.05)。结论:多巴丝肼可升高帕金森病患者血浆中同型半胱氨酸水平,其程度与体内维生素B6水平呈负相关,应用多巴丝肼治疗时需要补充更多的维生素B6才能维持正常的血浆同型半胱氨酸水平,以延缓痴呆和认知障碍的发生和进程。  相似文献   

6.
目的探讨青年缺血性脑卒中患者血同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸和维生素B12水平变化及其应用维生素B6、维生素B12和叶酸治疗后的水平变化。方法选取我院2003年1月至2013年12月住院的青年缺血性脑卒中患者120例作为病例组(干预组60例和非干预组60例),同时选取我院同期年龄相同的无神经系统疾病青年体检者120名作为对照组。检测研究者的血浆Hcy、叶酸、维生素B12浓度。非干预组给予基础治疗,干预组在此基础上给予维生素B6、维生素B12和叶酸治疗。治疗4周后复测血浆Hcy、叶酸和维生素B12水平。结果与对照组血浆Hey水平(10.2±3.1)μmmol/L比较,病例组(21.3±4.5)μmmol/L明显升高(t=22.3,P〈0.05);干预组与非干预组之间血浆Hcy、叶酸和维生素B12水平差异无统计学意义(P均〉0.05)。治疗后干预组血浆Hey水平(10.5±3.0)μmmol/L明显下降,叶酸(6.5±2.8)μg/L和维生素B12水平(450.2±155.6)ng/L)升高(P均〈0.05)。结论青年缺血性脑卒中患者血浆Hcy水平升高,通过补充维生素B6、维生素B12和叶酸可降低血浆Hcy水平,有利于青年缺血性脑卒中的转归。  相似文献   

7.
阿尔茨海默病与维生素B12及同型半胱氨酸的相关性   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
李方明  彭海 《中国临床康复》2004,8(28):6210-6211
背景:维生素B12缺乏会产生神经功能障碍,影响中枢神经系统及全身的代谢,补充维生素B12对预防及延缓阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)的发展作用机制尚不清楚。目的:研究AD与血清维生素B12,叶酸及血浆同型半胱氨酸水平之间的关系,探讨导致痴呆的机制。设计:以诊断为依据的非随机对照研究。地点和对象:2002—10/2003—05于华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院住院治疗的AD患者30例(AD组),均符合美国神经病学语言障碍和卒中-阿尔茨海默病和相关疾病学会(NINCDS-ADRDA)的很可能AD标准。对照组为同期参加体检的健康正常人30例。方法:采用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)对两组患者进行评分,并用放免分析法测定血清维生素B12及叶酸水平,荧光偏振免疫法(fluorescence polarization immunoassay,FPIA)测定血浆同型半胱氨酸水平。主要观察指标:①AD组及对照组之间维生素B12水平差异。②AD组及对照组之间Hcy的水平差异。③MMSE得分与维生素B12及Hcy之间的相关性。结果:AD组维生素B12水平(217.3&;#177;134.2)pmol/L明显低于对照组(313.6&;#177;184.7)pmol/L,二者差异有极显著性(t=3.93,P&;lt;0.001)。AD组血浆同型半胱氨酸(18.9&;#177;6.8)μmol/L高于对照组(9.4&;#177;4.1)μmol/L差异有极显著性意义(t=7.66,P&;lt;0.001)。AD组叶酸水平(29.2&;#177;12.7)nmol/L低于对照组(37.2&;#177;21.2)nmol/L,但差异无显著性(P&;gt;0.05)。AD患者维生素B12水平与MMSE得分呈正相关(r=0.87)。结论:AD患者血清维生素B12水平与智能障碍及其程度有关。  相似文献   

8.
[目的]检测慢性肾衰血透患者的血浆HCY,BNP水平与心脑血管疾病的关系。[方法]对32例透析组患者在叶酸和维生素B12治疗前后及25例健康对照组作了HCY和BNP测定。[结果]慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)血透患者血浆HCY水平为(20.42±8.53)μmol/L,明显高于正常对照组(7.23±1.97)μmol/L(P〈0.01),BNP浓度为(203.19±32.4)pg/L,明显高于对照组(25.64±5.53)pg/L.经叶酸和维生素B12治疗后,HCY明显下降(16.2±5.72μmol/L),但仍未恢复至正常水平。[结论]CRF血透患者血浆HCY,BNP升高为其心脑血管疾病独立危险因子,BNP比HCY更能准确的反映慢性肾衰患者心血管功能。通过叶酸和维生素B12治疗可降低HCY水平,防止心脑血管疾病发生。  相似文献   

9.
背景:细胞内过氧化物质增加产生的氧化损伤可以加速癫痫发作的频率,而通过氧化还原作用消耗过氧化物,可起到对中枢神经元的保护作用。目的:分析癫痫患者血浆及红细胞中抗氧化剂水平的变化。设计:非随机同期化的平行对照(相互对照,空白对照)。单位:一所大学医院的检验科、精神科、药剂科。对象:2000-03/12中南大学湘雅二医院神经内科门诊确诊的癫痫患者(癫痫疾病组)32例,均符合国际抗癫痫联盟的诊断及分类标准,且未经过任何治疗。男17例,女15例,年龄27~59岁。同期选择本院神经内科住院癫痫患者(治疗组)26例,符合国际抗癫痫联盟的诊断及分类标准,接受了1年多的苯巴比妥类药物的治疗,在此期间无癫痫急性发作的症状;男16例,女10例,年龄24-58岁。正常对照组为随机选取本院门诊体检人员39例,体检各项提标均在正常参考范围内;男23例,女16例。上述均为知情同意者。方法:3组对象于清晨8:00~9:00空腹采集静脉血2mL。采用酶偶联连续监测法测定红细胞的内谷胱甘肽还原酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,过氧化氢酶活性的测定。采用邻苯三酚自氧化比色法测定红细胞中超氧化物歧化酶活性。采用改良TBA比色法测定红细胞中丙二醛的含量。同时测定血红蛋白浓度和红细胞孵育渗透脆性(以溶血百分率计算)。采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆维生素A,C,E含量。采用免疫散射测定法测定血浆铜蓝蛋白含量,评估3组抗氧化剂水平的变化及差异。主要观察指标:各组对象红细胞谷胱甘肽还原酶,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶,超氧化物歧化酶,过氧化氢酶,丙二醛含量、红细胞溶血百分率以及血浆中铜蓝蛋白、维生素A,C,E含量。结果:按实际处理分析,仅癫痫疾病组中有1例未坚持治疗,其余对象均进入结果分析。①癫痫疾病组和治疗组的红细胞丙二醛含量,溶血百分率,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性,过氧化氢酶活性及血浆铜蓝蛋白含量显著高于对照组[(176.5&;#177;12.0)μmol/L,(3.32&;#177;0.95)%,(1503.6&;#177;130.0)nkat/g,(75.3&;#177;14.6)K/g,(487.0&;#177;25.4)mg/L,(129.5&;#177;7.4)μmol/L,(1.52&;#177;0.20)%,(1323.6&;#177;95.0)mkat/g,(64.2&;#177;10.1)K/g,(345.0&;#177;15.2)mg/L,t=2.46-3.89,P&;lt;0.05]。②癫痫疾病组红细胞谷胱甘肽还原酶活性,超氧化物歧化酶活性和血浆维生素A,E,C含量显著低于正常对照组[(101.7&;#177;13.3)nkat/g,(20.2&;#177;0.8)μkat/g,(1.18&;#177;0.83)μmol/L,(20.7&;#177;45)μmol/L,(20.6&;#177;3.6)μmol/L,(213.4&;#177;45.0)nkat/g,(28.5&;#177;0.9)μkat/g,(3.14&;#177;0.30)μmol/L,(40.5&;#177;6.6)μmol/L,(38.1&;#177;5.1)μmol/L,t=2.46~2.97,P&;lt;0.05]。③治疗组的红细胞谷胱甘肽还原酶活性,超氧化物歧化酶活性,血浆维生素A,C含量均显著高于癫痫疾病组[(161.7&;#177;25.0)nkat/g,(26.7&;#177;0.9)μkat/g.(2.09&;#177;0.35)μmol/L,(26.2&;#177;4.1)μmol/L,t=2.46-2.66,P&;lt;0.05]。结论:红细胞内谷胱甘肽还原酶和超氧化物歧化酶以及血浆维生素A,C,E,铜蓝蛋白水平下降,反应了癫痫发作时的自由基活动状况。  相似文献   

10.
慢性肾功能衰竭对血浆同型半胱氨酸水平的影响   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
目的:探讨慢性肾功能衰竭(CRF)患者其排泄障碍对血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)水平的影响。方法:对56例CRF患者及52例对照组应用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定SHcy、尿Hcy(UHcy),计算Hcy清除率(CHcy)。同时测定叶酸、维生素B12、肾功能、血脂、血压。结果:CRF组UHcy、CHcy显著低于对照组(P=0.000),SHcy、叶酸、维生素B12显著高于对照组(P=0.001)。SHcy≥16μmol/L组UHcy、CHcy显著低于SHcy<16μmol/L组(P=0.003)。纠正了肾功能因素后SHcy≥16μmol/L组UHcy、CHcy仍显著低于SHcy<16μmol/L组(P=0.001)。但叶酸、维生素B12水平两组差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论:SHcy升高主要是肾脏代谢、排泄Hcy障碍,而非叶酸、维生素B12绝对缺乏。  相似文献   

11.
This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.  相似文献   

12.
目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高<20%视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P<0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P<0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P<0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.  相似文献   

13.
The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.  相似文献   

14.
15.
Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.  相似文献   

16.
17.
Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.  相似文献   

18.
目的 探讨手转胎头术失败的原因与分娩结局.方法 选择2008年1月至2010年12月于我院住院分娩的持续性枕横位、枕后位产妇198例,根据行手转胎头术后结果分为成功组126例、失败组72例.比较两组分娩结局,对比分析失败原因.结果 失败组胎儿体质量≥3500 g的发生率[76.4%(55/72)]明显高于成功组[31.7%(40/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=30.177,P=0.001)、失败组宫缩乏力发生率[58.3%(42/72)]高于成功组[38.1% (48/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=7.569,P=0.006)、失败组骨盆临界或轻度狭窄发生率[38.9% (28/72)]高于成功组[23.8%(30/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2 =5.030,P=0.002)、失败组手转胎头时机不当(宫口开大<6 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘上及宫口开大8~10 cm、胎头位于坐骨棘下≥2 cm)发生率[61.1%(44/72)]高于成功组[38.9%(49/126)],差异有统计学意义(x2=9.084,P=0.003).失败组母儿并发症(产后出血、产褥病率、胎儿窘迫、新生儿窒息)发生率高于成功组(x2 =9.586,P=0.002、x2=9.334,P=0.002、x2=5.910,P=0.015、x2=5.240,P=0.022)、失败组剖宫产发生率[72.2%(52/72)]明显高于成功组[34.1 %(43/126),x2=26.641,P=0.001)].结论 手转胎头术能使难产变顺产,降低剖宫产率,减少母儿并发症,但须积极预防、处理导致手转胎头术失败的原因,对矫正失败后继续矫正及试产应慎重.  相似文献   

19.
ABSTRACT

The Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews is published quarterly. Issue 4 for 2009 contains 4027 complete reviews, 1906 protocols for reviews in production, and 11447 one-page summaries of systematic reviews published in the general medical literature. In addition, there are citations of 600,000 randomized controlled trials, and 12,200 cited papers in the Cochrane methodology register. The health technology assessment database contains over 7500 citations. This edition of the Library contains 90 new reviews, of which 19 have potential relevance for practitioners in pain and palliative medicine.  相似文献   

20.
ZusammenfassungFragestellung Es wurde geprüft, wie sich der Differenziertheitsgrad zweier Schmerzmessmethoden auf Angaben zur Ausgedehntheit klinischer Schmerzen auswirkt. Zugleich wurde der Referenzzeitraum variiert, über den die Patienten berichten sollten.Methode Erfasst wurde der Einfluss zu Lasten der Befragungsdifferenziertheit durch den Vergleich zweier Körperschema-Bildvorlagen. Drei Referenzzeiträume (Schmerz aktuell, letzte Woche, letztes halbes Jahr) wurden vorgegeben.Ergebnisse Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen gaben bei differenzierter Befragung um so mehr Schmerzen an, je weiter die Schmerzen zurück lagen und je größer der Berichtszeitraum war. Patienten mit gelenknahen Schmerzen gaben bei hoch differenzierter Befragung weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen in der Vergangenheit an als bei globaler Einschätzung. Patienten mit Rückenschmerzen berichteten bei differenzierter Befragung zum aktuellen Schmerz über weniger ausgedehnte Schmerzen als bei globaler Befragung.Schlussfolgerung Die Angaben zur Schmerzausdehnung variieren vor allem bei Patienten mit ausgedehnten Schmerzen in Abhängigkeit von der Differenziertheit der Befragung. In diesen Fällen ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit erhöht, dass sich die Beschwerdesymptomatik zumindest teilweise erst in der Reaktion auf die situativen Befragungsbedingungen konstituiert und daher nicht auf andere Befragungsbedingungen generalisiert werden kann.  相似文献   

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