ABCA3 deficiency presenting as persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

A newborn with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PH) unresponsive to conventional therapies was found to be homozygous for a mutation in the gene encoding adenosine triphosphate binding cassette protein, member A3 (ABCA3). Most causes of PH respond to lung recruitment, inhaled nitric oxide, and hemodynamic support. When PH is prolonged and does not respond to standard therapies, genetic causes of surfactant abnormalities should be considered in the differential diagnosis.