青年与老年肺癌患者临床特征回顾性分析

目的探讨现今发病青年与老年肺癌患者的临床特点。方法收集经病理检查明确诊断的≤40岁青年以及≥70岁老年肺癌患者的临床资料,回顾性分析两组患者年龄、性别比例、ECOG评分、症状、病理类型、分子分型、临床分期、转移部位、合并症等。结果两组患者平均年龄分别为34.88岁、74.48岁;青年组男女性别比例为0.93,而老年组男女比例为4.64,两者比较有显著性差异(P0.005);青年组ECOG评分0分患者多于老年组,但绝大多数患者为0-1分,两组无统计学差异;两组患者主要症状均为咳嗽、胸闷、疼痛(P0.1);青年组78.57%为腺癌,老年组小细胞肺癌、鳞状细胞癌占52.48%(74/141);青年组EGFR阳性率达55.36%(31/56),查见驱动基因比例高达64.29%(36/56);青年组0-Ⅱ期患者为25%,而老年组Ⅲ-Ⅳ期患者高达90%,两组有显著性差异(P0.01)。两组均以肺、胸膜转移最为常见,远处转移(M1b)也多见于骨、脑、肝脏、肾上腺;老年组患者合并疾病达52.5%,明显多于青年组。结论两组患者临床表现均无特异性、临床分期多较晚,但行为状态均较好;青年肺癌患者腺癌很常见,且存在驱动基因几率较高,而老年患者男性多见,小细胞肺癌及鳞癌、合并基础疾病常见,值得临床进一步关注其早期诊断、治疗、预后及预防。     

老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存期的影响因素

目的分析老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存期的影响因素。方法选择非小细胞肺癌患者90例,收集患者的年龄、性别、基础疾病、临床症状、术后并发症、术后体力状况(ECOG)评分、病理分期、病理类型、手术方式、随访资料等相关临床资料。结果 90例患者中失访8例,失访率为8.9%,术后1年生存率为71.1%,术后3年的生存率为62.2%,术后5年的生存率为41.1%,中位生存期为43个月。生存期影响因素的单因素分析结果显示:有临床症状者、术后有并发症者、ECOG评分2~4分者、病理分期Ⅲa期者、全肺切除术者的生存时间短(P<0.05);年龄、性别、病理类型对患者术后生存期没有明显影响(P>0.05)。COX回归分析结果显示:ECOG评分和病理分期是老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存期的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 ECOG评分和病理分期是老年非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存期的独立影响因素,术后体力状态好、病理分期早的患者术后生存期比较长。     

老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存的影响因素

目的探讨老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存状况的影响因素。方法回顾性分析98例经手术病理证实为晚期非小细胞肺癌患者的临床病历资料,依据患者生存情况,分为存活组和死亡组。统计并记录患者的性别、年龄、吸烟情况、饮酒情况、居住地情况、人均收入情况、体重指数(BMI)情况、入院时血红蛋白(Hb)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、癌胚抗原(CEA)水平及体力状况(ECOG评分)、血小板计数、癌症临床分期、癌症治疗方式、癌症病理类型、淋巴结转移组数、跨区域转移情况、化疗周期情况、术后并发症情况及患者的生存率,分析影响患者术后死亡的相关因素。结果术后1年,入选98例局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者中有29例(29.59%)死亡,有69例(70.41%)存活。单因素分析显示,死亡组在年龄、BMI、居住地、人均月收入、是否合并其他疾病、有无术后并发症、有无长期吸烟史、ECOG评分、肿瘤分期、是否跨区域转移、化疗周期等方面与存活组相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05);死亡组在性别、有无长期酗酒史、LDH水平、Hb水平、血小板计数、病理类型、淋巴结转移组数、治疗方式这些方面与存活组相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);经Logistic回归分析,年龄≥75岁、BMI≥25 kg/m~2、农村居住地、人均月收入≤3 000元、合并其他疾病、术后并发症、长期吸烟史、ECOG评分2～4分、肿瘤分期Ⅳ期、跨区域转移、化疗周期1～3个周期是导致老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者死亡的危险因素(P0.05)。结论临床中应针对导致老年局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者死亡的危险因素,采取有效的预防措施,以期降低死亡率,提高存活率。     

老年肺癌合并血液高凝状态患者的临床特征

目的探讨老年肺癌合并血液高凝状态患者的临床特征。方法老年肺癌患者183例根据是否合并血液高凝状态分为高凝组90例和非高凝组93例。收集患者的性别、吸烟史、体力状况(ECOG)评分、糖尿病史、高血压史、感染史、胸腔积液史等临床资料及血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、血小板、白蛋白等实验室检查指标。结果高凝组男性比例明显低于非高凝组(P<0.05),高凝组年龄>75岁、ECOG评分≥2分、糖尿病、高血压、感染、胸腔积液、非小细胞肺癌比例均明显高于非高凝组(P<0.05),高凝组和非高凝组吸烟比例和肺癌临床分期比较无统计学差异(P<0.05)。高凝组白细胞和血小板明显高于非高凝组(P<0.05),高凝组白蛋白明显低于非高凝组(P<0.05),高凝组和非高凝组血红蛋白和红细胞比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。女性和血小板升高是老年肺癌合并血液高凝状态的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论女性、年龄>75岁和血小板升高是老年肺癌合并血液高凝状态的独立危险因素。     

行姑息治疗的肺癌患者生活质量及其影响因素的调查研究

背景肺癌是我国发病率和病死率最高的恶性肿瘤,而大多数患者确诊时已处于中晚期。近年来随着生物-心理-社会医学模式的转变,肺癌患者生活质量受到临床关注。目的调查分析行姑息治疗的肺癌患者生活质量及其影响因素。方法 2018年4—8月,采用便利抽样方法选取山东大学附属千佛山医院、山东省肿瘤医院、山东省中医院3家三级甲等医院中行姑息治疗的肺癌患者150例。自制一般情况调查表,采用现场调查方法收集患者一般情况(包括性别、年龄、婚姻状况、居住地、文化程度、吸烟史、家庭月收入及肿瘤病理类型、肿瘤分型、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤分化程度),采用ECOG评分标准评估患者整体健康水平,采用肺癌患者生存质量测定量表FACT-L中文版(V4.0)评估患者生活质量。行姑息治疗的肺癌患者生活质量评分相关因素分析采用多元逐步线性回归分析。结果(1)本研究共发放150份问卷,有效问卷回收率为96%(144/150)。本组患者生活质量总评分(74.47±15.46)分。(2)不同性别、婚姻状况、居住地、文化程度、家庭月收入、肿瘤病理类型、肿瘤分型、肿瘤病理分期、肿瘤分化程度及有无吸烟史患者生活质量评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);不同年龄、ECOG分级患者生活质量评分比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(3)多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,ECOG评分与行姑息治疗的肺癌患者生活质量评分呈负相关(β=-4.550,P0.05)。结论行姑息治疗的肺癌患者生活质量较低,而ECOG评分是患者生活质量的独立影响因素。     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺癌临床特点及肺功能分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)合并肺癌的临床特点及肺功能指标,提高对慢阻肺合并肺癌的认识。方法回顾性分析慢阻肺合并肺癌及同期单纯性慢阻肺各150例患者的临床及肺功能资料。结果慢阻肺合并肺癌患者吸烟指数高于单纯慢阻肺患者(P0.05),而诊断为慢阻肺的年限低于单纯慢阻肺(P0.01)。慢阻肺合并肺癌患者出现咯血、胸痛、胸腔积液、肺不张、消瘦、乏力、声音嘶哑等均显著高于单纯慢阻肺患者(P0.01或P0.05);慢阻肺合并肺癌患者以肺上叶最常见(52.0%);男性患鳞癌及小细胞肺癌比例(分别为61.1%和18.6%)显著高于女性(分别为24.3%和5.4%),女性腺癌比例(70.3%)明显高于男性(17.7%),均(P0.01)。首次诊断时63.3%为晚期或局部晚期,远处转移中胸膜转移占41.4%,骨转移为34.5%。合并肺癌组的肺功能FEV1/FVC、FEV1%pre、RV/TLC与单纯慢阻肺无明显差异,但TLC(72.45%±9.21%)和DLCO(64.43%±11.09%)比单纯肺癌患者(83.85%±11.86%及70.53%±10.72%)降低(P0.05)。结论慢阻肺合并肺癌多发于老年男性吸烟患者,以上叶最多见,男性鳞癌及女性腺癌发生率高,首次诊断时大部分已为晚期或局部晚期,最常见的为胸膜及骨转移,肺功能中TLC和DLCO下降明显。     

老年非霍奇金淋巴瘤的临床特点及预后分析

目的 探讨老年非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）的临床特征和预后。方法 回顾性地分析2002年12月至2012年12月昆明医科大学第三附属医院收治的≥65岁NHL患者120例的临床资料。结果 老年NHL高发病年龄段为65～75岁;弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤（55.0%）为最常见病理类型。患者从出现首发症状至确诊的中位时间为78d。确诊时ECOG评分0～1分者较多（62.5%）;45%的患者有伴发疾病,最常见的伴发疾病为高血压病。临床分期、全身症状、ECOG评分、国际预后指数（IPI）与总生存时间有相关性（P＜0.05）。结论 老年NHL患者合并症多,症状不典型,诊断困难,但病情发展较慢。临床分期、全身症状、ECOG评分、IPI与总生存时间有相关性。     

合并与未合并HIV感染的肺癌患者临床特征分析

目的 比较合并与未合并HIV感染的肺癌患者临床特征,以期为HIV感染人群的诊治提供参考。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年12月重庆市公共卫生医疗救治中心感染科、呼吸科收治的肺癌住院患者的临床资料,按是否合并HIV感染,分为HIV感染合并肺癌患者和非HIV感染的肺癌患者,比较两组患者基本情况、临床表现、病理分型、ECGO评分、营养不良风险评分、分期及肺癌治疗等情况。结果 本研究共纳入144例患者,年龄分布64.5(25～90)岁,男性112例,占77.8%。其中HIV感染合并肺癌患者（HIV组）73例,非HIV感染的肺癌患者（非HIV组）71例。与非HIV组比较,HIV组患者平均年龄较小[62.0(25,83)岁vs. 76.0(47,90)岁],在性别、肿瘤家族史、吸烟史、COPD病史、肺结核病史两组差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）。在临床表现方面,咳嗽、咳痰为最常见临床表现,占86.1%(124/144),其次为淋巴结转移（79.9%）和体重下降（57.6%）。两组在体重下降、发热、营养不良风险评分、ECOG评分差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）。腺癌为最常...     

老年肺癌合并静脉血栓栓塞症的临床研究

目的探讨老年肺癌合并静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)的临床特点、危险因素及预后,提高防治意识,减少血栓事件发生。方法对北京医院2003年1月至2013年4月老年肺癌合并VTE的患者进行回顾性临床分析,记录年龄、性别、临床表现、病理类型、TNM分期、体力状态(PS)评分、化疗方案及预后等临床信息。结果老年肺癌组49例,年龄(72.8±5.56)岁,非老年组30例,年龄(54.2±8.29)岁。老年组基础疾病的发生率高于非老年组;近期卧床(24.49%对6.67%)和PS评分(2.32±1.38对1.37±1.10)亦高于非老年组(P值分别为0.048和0.02)。在两组患者中,以NSCLC为主,病理类型多为腺癌,TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期居多。老年组呼吸困难症状(36.74%对13.33%)及肺栓塞严重程度指数(PESI)评分(116.92±21.34对100.5±18.12)多于非老年组(P值分别为0.028和0.04)。老年肺癌组3、6、9和12个月VTE累积发生率分别为71.4%、77.6%、83.7%和87.8%;非老年组分别为76.7%、80.0%、83.3%和83.3%。生存分析显示,两组中位生存时间差异无统计学意义[(6.0±2.25)个月对(9±7.48)个月,P=0.657]。结论老年肺癌合并VTE患者具有较多的基础疾病,而且卧床患者较多;老年组PTE患者中呼吸困难症状多见,疾病危险程度高于非老年组,老年组患者预后较非老年组差。     

217例肺癌患者凝血功能多因素分析

目的研究肺癌患者凝血功能及影响凝血的相关指标。方法我院收治的初诊肺癌患者217例,以100例健康人为对照组,进行凝血指标的检测,研究肺癌患者纤维蛋白原、血小板在不同年龄、性别、是否合并基础疾病、PS评分、病理类型及分期的差异。结果 (1)肺癌患者纤维蛋白原、血小板显著高于对照组,P<0.05。(2)肺癌患者的FIB在年龄>60岁、合并基础疾病、PS评分>2分及Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者中有明显升高,P<0.05;在患者性别、不同病理类型中无明显统计学差别,P>0.05。(3)肺癌患者的血小板计数在不同年龄、是否合并基础疾病、PS评分、肺癌病理类型及分期等方面均无明显差异,P>0.05。结论肺癌患者存在高凝状态,年龄>60岁、合并基础疾病、PS评分>2分及Ⅲ、Ⅳ期患者为高危患者。     

Gemcitabine and carboplatin in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the response, survival advantage and toxicity profile of gemcitabine-carboplatin combination cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODOLOGY: Patients who received gemcitabine-carboplatin combination chemotherapy over a 2.5-years period were analyzed. Carboplatin at a dose of 5 mg/mL/min (area under the concentration-time curve) was given on day 1 and gemcitabine (1000 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 8, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Of 49 chemotherapy-naive patients (median age, 62 years) who received this treatment, 57% were males, 12% had stage IIIa, 39% stage IIIb and 49% metastatic disease. The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 70% of the patients was 1 at the time of commencement of chemotherapy and 2 for the remaining 30% of patients. The overall response rate, based on 33 evaluable patients, was 27.3%. The response rate was not affected by age, stage of disease or performance status. The median survival was 9 months. Median survival among patients with an ECOG performance status of 1 was 11 months, as compared with 4 months for patients with an ECOG performance status of 2 (P < 0.001). Toxicity was generally well tolerated and there were no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Gemcitabine-carboplatin combination chemotherapy is an effective and well-tolerated cytotoxic regimen among Malaysian patients with advanced NSCLC. A performance status of 1 or less was associated with a better survival.     

Lung cancer in women: clinical features and factors related to survival

Lung cancer in women is increasing in worldwide. This process beginning with the difference on the susceptibility of lung cancer in women smokers may be different from men in the prognosis. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical features, and prognostic factors of female patients with lung cancer diagnosed between January 2000-December 2005. The data of 109 patients data was evaluated. The mean age was 59.40 +/- 11.56 and 17 (15.6%) patients were smokers. In 20 patients (18.3%) having a family history of cancer, 55% of them had a relative with lung cancer. In admission, cough (81.7%), dyspnea (78.9%), chest pain (40.3%) were the most frequent presenting symptoms. The most common site of tumoral lesion in bronchoscopy were right upper lobe (16.5%). In the study group histopathological diagnosis were as follows; adenocarcinoma (44.9%), small cell lung cancer (SCLC) (19.3%), squamous cell (10.1%), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) --undefined (22.0%), carsinoid tumors (2.8%), in non-smokers adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than smokers (44.9%/17.7%) (p< 0.001). 61.9% of NSCLC patients and 57.1% of SCLC patients had a stage IV disease at the initial evaluation. The most common sites of metastasis were bone (28.4%), liver (22.9%), and brain (11.9%), there were multiple metastasis in 10 patients. Median survival time was found as 288 days. In univariate analysis, comorbidity, primary tumor stage, bone metastasis, advanced disease stage, ECOG performance score >or= 2 and supportive care alone were poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analysis, poor performance status (p= 0.003), advanced disease stage (p= 0.002) and bone metastasis (p= 0.04) were negatively related to survival. In women, the definition of the clinical features, disease course and survival related factors may contribute to our future treatment approaches based on our national data.     

A clinical-severity staging system for patients with lung cancer

The prognostic staging of cancer in general, and lung cancer in particular, has customarily depended mainly on morphologic distinctions. The gross anatomic extensiveness of cancers is cited with TNM stages that describe the primary tumor (T), spread to regional lymph nodes (N), and metastatic dissemination (M) to distant sites. Microscopic characteristics are cited according to the cancer's cell type (e.g., adenocarcinoma, epidermoid carcinoma) and/or grade of differentiation (e.g., well differentiated, poorly differentiated, anaplastic). Although the clinical manifestations, functional effects, and associated co-morbidity of a cancer are universally recognized as having major prognostic importance, they have not been classified with a standard system of taxonomy. When considered at all, clinical phenomena have been cited with a surrogate index of "performance status" that ignores the underlying clinical dysfunctions while being greatly affected by non-clinical phenomena, such as the patient's psychic status, economic motivations, and system of social support. The current research was done to develop a standard system of taxonomy (or "staging") for the prognostic impact of clinical distinctions in patients with primary lung cancer. Appropriate data were obtained, computer-coded, and analyzed from medical records for the complete clinical course of an inception cohort of 1266 patients who were first treated at either the Yale-New Haven Hospital or the West Haven Veterans Administration Hospital during the interval January 1, 1953-December 31, 1964. The information under analysis included clinical phenomena as well as anatomic extensiveness (TNM stage), microscopic histology, the chronometric duration of the interval from the first symptom of lung cancer to zero time, the iatrotropic reason why the patient sought medical attention, the presence of anemia, the amount of customary cigarette use, and the conventional demographic data for age and gender. The main clinical phenomena were expressed in variables for symptom pattern severity, and co-morbidity. Symptom pattern referred to the existence of specific pulmonic symptoms (e.g., hemoptysis), systemic symptoms (e.g., complaint of weight loss), and metastatic symptoms that might be mediastinal (e.g., superior vena cava syndrome), regional (e.g., the Horner syndrome), or distantly metastatic (e.g., central nervous system). The symptom severity variable included the amount of weight loss, and the existence of severe dyspnea or particularly severe tumor effects (such as mental obtundation, rather than hemiparesis in patients with CNS metastasis). Prognostic co-morbidity was cited for coexisting diseases, such as recurrent myocardial infarctions, that might be more lethal than the lung cancer itself.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)     

Palliative chemotherapy in elderly patients with common metastatic malignancies: A Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group registry analysis of management, outcome and clinical benefit predictors

INTRODUCTION: Cancer in the elderly is a common health issue in developed societies. We sought to present epidemiology, management and outcome data on fit elderly patients with common metastatic cancers and to identify predictors of clinical benefit from palliative chemotherapy. METHODS: All patients aged >65 years who were diagnosed with metastatic breast, colorectal or non-small cell lung carcinomas and managed with palliative chemotherapy in the context of Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group (HeCOG) clinical trials or protocols were eligible for electronic data retrieval and analysis. Common eligibility criteria included adequate performance status (ECOG 0-3), organ function and absence of severe co-morbidity forbidding cytotoxic chemotherapy. RESULTS: One thousand three hundred and seventy-two fit patients (PS 0-1 in 73%) with a median age of 70 years diagnosed with metastatic breast (n=250), colorectal (n=621) or lung cancer (n=501) received chemotherapy from 1991 until 2006. Most patients received modern full-dose chemotherapy regimens including platinum, taxanes, anthracyclines, fluoropyrimidines, oxaliplatin or irinotecan. Mild to moderate co-morbidity was present in 35%. At a median follow-up of 3 years, objective responses were seen in 41% of patients with breast cancer, 25% with colorectal cancer and 31% with lung cancer, while median survival was 21, 16 and 9.4 months, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 toxicity was seen in a quarter of patients, the most common being neutropenia (14%), diarrhoea (6%), neurotoxicity (4%), fatigue, nausea and febrile neutropenia (each 2%). In multivariate analysis, diagnosis of colorectal or lung cancer, metastases in multiple organ sites, presence of liver/brain/peritoneal deposits, impaired PS and low baseline serum albumin levels were prognostic factors for adverse outcome. The same factors excluding metastatic sites and with the addition of anemia predicted for resistance to chemotherapy. Toxicity was more likely in females with low serum albumin and renal dysfunction. A six-variable geriatric assessment for palliation (GAP) score that included tumour type, sites of metastatic dissemination, impaired PS, low serum albumin and anemia classified elderly patients to groups with low, intermediate and high risk for disease progression and death (relative risks of 1.59 and 2.50 for resistance to therapy and 1.87 and 3.12 for death in the intermediate and high-risk groups). CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that relatively fit elderly patients with advanced cancer safely tolerate modern chemotherapy and enjoy disease control in a manner comparable to younger patients. Our GAP score, if further validated, offers promise for geriatric application in combination to comprehensive geriatric assessment tools for the optimisation of palliative therapy on an individualised basis.     

血清ProGRP和NSE在晚期非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨血清胃泌素释放肽前体(ProGRP)和神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)在晚期非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义.方法 收集晚期非小细胞肺癌患者75例,采用电化学发光免疫分析法检测血清中PorGRP和NSE的表达.结果 不同年龄、性别、吸烟史、美国东部肿瘤协作组(ECOG)评分及分化程度的晚期非小细胞肺癌患者血清P...     

In which stage we diagnose and how we treat lung cancer?

To determine the stage of the disease, performance status of the patients on admission and treatment modalities, records of 226 patients with lung cancer diagnosed between January 1992 and December 1999 were evaluated retrospectively. The mean age of the patients were 61.3 +/- 10.3 years (mean +/- standard deviation) and 217 (96%) were men and 9 (4%) were women. Of the 192 cases with non-small cell lung cancer 22.9% were stage 4, 40.6% were stage 3b, 22.4% were stage 3a, 4.2% were stage 2, 9.9% were stage 1. Of the 34 (15.1%) patients with small cell lung cancer, 26.5% were extensive and 73.5% were in limited stages. The performance status according to European Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) was between 0-2 in 88.4% and 3-4 in 11.6% of the cases. A positive correlation between the performance status and the stage of the disease was observed (p= 0.0331). It was detected that the performance status of the patients who underwent surgery was better than the patients who treated with radiotherapy (p= 0.0008). Radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy (CT), surgery, combined therapy (RT + CT), adjuvant RT and palliative therapy were performed in 27%, 20.4%, 11.5%, 1.3%, 1.8% and 14.6% of the cases respectively. No information about treatment protocol was able to obtained in 23.4% of the patients, probably due to referrals, early deaths etc. In conclusion, more than half of our cases with lung cancer were diagnosed in advanced stages as a possible result of late admission to physician and surgery were performed in only a small part of the cases. It was detected that performance status of the patients operated was better than the patients treated with radiotherapy. On the other hand, combination therapy was applied in few cases.     

Prevalence of occult metastatic disease in patients undergoing 18F-FDG PET for primary diagnosis or staging of lung carcinoma and solitary pulmonary nodules

Background: Accurate staging of lung cancer is essential in determining the most appropriate management plan, as detection of occult metastasis can significantly alter management. Aims: The aims of this study are to determine the prevalence of occult metastasis in patients undergoing 2‐¹⁸F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D ‐glucose (¹⁸F‐FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for evaluation of suspected/proven lung carcinoma and correlate pre‐PET TNM stage with prevalence of metastasis. Methods: FDG‐PET, which identified patients with metastasis on institutional database, was re‐evaluated by a nuclear medicine physician blinded to clinical information. The confidence level of metastasis was scored on a 5‐point scale, with a score of ≥4 considered positive. Results: There were 67 of 645 (10%) patients identified with suspected occult metastasis on FDG‐PET. Twelve patients scoring ≤3 were excluded. Prevalence of occult metastasis was 10/156 (6%) in solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN); 22/319 (7%) and 23/170 (14%) in proven and suspected lung cancer, respectively. Positive predictive value of FDG‐PET for metastasis was 8/10 (80%) in solitary pulmonary nodules, 14/20 (70%) and 17/21 (81%) in proven and suspected lung cancer, respectively. ¹⁸F‐FDG‐avid lesions classified as false positives were patients with cholelithiasis, rib fractures and those with equivocal/negative bone scans or computed tomography on follow up. There was a higher incidence of true positive occult metastasis in patients in all stages of disease, particularly stage III disease. Conclusion: ¹⁸F‐FDG PET is predictive for occult metastatic disease in patients with solitary pulmonary nodules and proven or suspected lung cancer and is more likely to be present in all stages, particularly in stage III. PET findings should be actively pursued with correlative investigation to identify benign pathology in patients who remain candidates for curative treatment.     

肺癌患者丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1(MAPK1)表达水平及临床意义

目的检测肺癌患者血浆中丝裂原活化蛋白激酶1(MAPK1/ERK2)表达水平及探讨其与肺癌类型、临床分期、TNM分期的关系。方法用ELISA法分别检测肺癌组(n=78),良性肺部疾病组(n=27),健康对照组(n=14)血浆中MAPK1/ERK2的水平含量。结果肺癌患者血浆中MAPK1/ERK2的含量高于良性肺部疾病组和健康对照组(P<0.05),良性肺部疾病组高于健康对照组(P<0.05)。肺癌患者血浆中MAPK1/ERK2的表达与性别,年龄,吸烟状况,肿瘤病理类型,临床分期,TNM分期无显著性差异。结论 MAPK1/ERK2对肺癌的辅助诊断有一定的临床价值,可作为一项新的肺癌生物标志物应用。     

肺结核合并肺癌56例临床特点及预后分析

目的 探讨56例肺结核合并肺癌患者的临床特点及预后.方法 纳入我院诊治的肺结核合并肺癌患者（A组）56例、单纯肺结核患者（B组）58例.比较两组患者性别、发病年龄及临床症状等临床特点,并对相关因素与肺结核合并肺癌患者预后的关系进行研究.结果 两组患者性别无显著差别（P〉0.05）;A组患者年龄显著高于B组患者（P〈0.05）;A组痰血、消瘦比例显著多于B组患者（P〈0.05）;A组患者生存期与肺叶切除范围、是否为原结核处恶变及TNM分期相关.结论 肺结核合并肺癌患者与单纯肺结核临床症状鉴别诊断困难,肺叶切除范围、是否为原结核处恶变及TNM分期是影响肺结核合并肺癌预后的影响因素.