血管运动性鼻炎的发病机制及治疗

目的 探讨血管运性鼻炎的治疗方法及发病机理。 方法 选择血管运动性鼻炎 患者１７６例,随机分成调节植物神经组（62例）、单侧下鼻甲激光治疗组（50例）、常规药物组（64例）。结果 激光治疗组的疗效优于调节植物神经组,但是组间差异无统计学意义,而单侧下鼻甲激光组与调节植物神经组的治疗效果均优于常规药物治疗组（P=0.004＜0.01,P=0.041＜0.05)。结论 下鼻甲激光与调节植物神经都是治疗血管运动性鼻炎的有效手段, 血管运动性鼻炎的发病机理可能由鼻黏膜局部植物性神经障碍引发。     

Intranasal ipratropium in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis

Ipratropium administered in the form of a nasal spray was compared with placebo in 30 patients with vasomotor rhinitis in a double-blind cross-over trial. There was a significant reduction in nasal hypersecretion during ipratropium treatment, but no effect on nasal blockage, sneezing or tickling. On the whole, 20 patients (66.7%) considered ipratropium worth using. 11 patients had mild side- effects, mainly nasal irritation, during ipratropium treatment and 7 with placebo. A therapeutical trial with ipratropium is appropriate in the management of severe rhinorrhoea in patients with vasomotor rhinitis.     

Autonomic nervous system evaluation of patients with vasomotor rhinitis

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the utility of quantitative neurological laboratory testing of autonomic nervous system dysfunction and to apply this methodology to further study the relation of chronic vasomotor (nonallergic) rhinitis to the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: It has been suspected that vasomotor rhinitis is due either to a hyperactive parasympathetic nervous system or an imbalance between it and the sympathetic nervous system. The exact relation has not been determined. Recently neurological laboratories have been developed in which a battery of tests can be performed to determine reactivity of the autonomic nervous system. RESULTS: Autonomic nervous system testing was performed on 19 patients with symptoms fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for vasomotor rhinitis and the results were compared with 75 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Patients with vasomotor rhinitis had significant abnormalities of their sudomotor, cardiovagal, and adrenergic subscores. Their composite autonomic scale score was significantly impaired at 2.43, as compared with 0.11 for controls (P < .005). CONCLUSION: Autonomic nervous system dysfunction is significant in patients with vasomotor rhinitis. Possible factors that trigger this dysfunction including nasal trauma and extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux are discussed.     

Electrophoretic evaluation of nasal discharge in patients with allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis are two common diseases that have similar symptoms and physical findings. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of electrophoretic analysis of nasal discharge for the differential diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis. METHODS: Two different groups of patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 18) and with vasomotor rhinitis (n = 18) diagnosed by current methods and 10 healthy subjects as a control group were included in this study. Component analyses of proteins in nasal wash were made by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: The mean levels of total protein, 66-kDa proteins and 26-kDa proteins (277.2 +/- 9 microg/mL, 114.5 +/- 9 microg/mL, and 67.0 +/- 4 microg/mL, respectively), in nasal washing samples of patients with allergic rhinitis were found to be higher than in the samples, (222.0 +/- 6 microg/mL, 65.6 +/- 6 microg/mL, and 42.9 +/- 4 microg/mL respectively) obtained from patients with vasomotor rhinitis. The control group showed the lowest rate of these proteins (167.8 +/- 7 microg/mL 34.3 +/- 3 microg/mL, and 25.0 +/- 3 microg/mL, respectively). The differences between mean levels of these proteins in all groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that electrophoretic analysis of nasal discharge can be used for the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis. However, further studies are needed to standardize the technique of nasal wash and to determine the range of proteins in nasal secretions that will confirm the diagnosis.     

Anterior ethmoidal electrocoagulation in the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis]

The anterior ethmoidal nerve (AEN) contains parasympathetic fibres of sneeze reflex arc, it is possible to obtain improvement of clinical symptoms of vasomotor rhinitis through anterior ethmoidal neurectomy. The authors performed intranasal electrocoagulation of AEN on 30 patients with vasomotor rhinitis and followed up for nine months. The results revealed that the total effective rate was 86%, and the procedure provides a simple, effective and painless method for treating vasomotor rhinitis.     

卡介菌多糖核酸注射液对血管运动性鼻炎的疗效观察

目的:观察卡介菌多糖核酸注射液对血管运动性鼻炎的临床治疗效果和安全性.方法:60例临床拟诊为血管运动性鼻炎患者按随机单盲对照试验方法分为卡介菌多糖核酸组和对照组(2组各30例),卡介菌多糖核酸组给予卡介菌多糖核酸注射治疗,每次1.0 mg,每周2次,共2个月,必要时予氮卓斯汀鼻喷剂对症治疗.对照组单独给予氮卓斯汀鼻喷剂.每日2次,症状缓解后酌减.均随访至停药后6个月.观察并记录治疗后症状得分、药物评分及不良反应.结果:卡介菌多糖核酸注射治疗2个月刚结束时,卡介菌多糖核酸组症状得分及药物评分均明显低于对照组(P＜0.01).至6个月后末次随访时,卡介菌多糖核酸组较对照组症状得分稍低但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),药物评分明显低于对照组(P＜0.01).卡介菌多糖核酸注射时不良反应仅1例诉有局部疼痛.结论:卡介菌多糖核酸是血管运动性鼻炎的一种安全有效的治疗方法.