西安市儿童乳牙列单侧后牙反(牙合)患病情况

目的：了解西安市学龄前儿童乳牙列单侧后牙反的患病情况,为单侧后牙反的早期治疗提供依据.方法：对西安市三所幼儿园的1408名儿童进行口腔健康检查,对单侧后牙反的患病情况进行统计.结果：西安市儿童单侧后牙反的患病率为9.38%,31名（23.5%）单侧后牙反患者同时伴有前牙反的发生,吮指习惯是造成单侧后牙反的危险因素之一.结论：单侧后牙反是一种比较常见的错畸形,其发病同吮指习惯有相关性,须引起家长和医生的高度重视.     

单侧后牙反(牙合)对儿童髁突位置的影响

目的研究儿童单侧后牙反(牙合)患者颞颌关节的对称性.方法以26例替牙期单侧后牙反(牙合)患者为试验组,28例正常(牙合)替牙期儿童为对照组,分别拍摄双侧颞颌关节中位断层片进行比较.结果双侧髁突位置不对称、非反(牙合)侧关节前间隙减小,上后间隙均增大.结论试验组双侧髁突位置及关节间隙有明显差异,说明下颌发生功能性侧方移动.     

单侧后牙反(牙合)矫治方法的改进

近年来我科对恒牙()初期患者一侧后牙反()的矫治方法加以改进,并施用于临床,取得了较好的疗效,报告如下.     

活动腭杆适配下颌牙合垫矫治单侧后牙反牙合的临床研究

目的：利用模型测量分析活动腭杆适配下颌牙合垫矫治单侧后牙反牙合的临床效果。方法：应用活动腭杆适配下颌牙合垫矫治11例上颌单侧后牙反牙合病例,测量矫治前后第一双尖牙、第二双尖牙、第一磨牙间宽度变化及上颌第一磨牙倾斜度,用统计软件处理数据。结果：扩弓后,反牙合侧牙弓宽度及上颌第一磨牙倾斜度增加,而正常侧变化不明显。结论：活动腭杆适配下颌牙合垫是矫治单侧后牙反牙合简单而有效的方法。     

单侧后牙反He对儿童髁突位置的影响

目的 研究儿童单侧后牙反He患者颞颌关节的对称性。方法 以26例替牙期单侧后牙反He患者为试验组，28例正常he替牙期儿童为对照组，分别拍摄双侧颞颌关节中位断层片进行比较。结果 双侧髁突位置不对称、非反He侧关节前间隙减小，上后间隙均增大。结论 试验组双侧髁突位置及关节间隙有明显差异，说明下颌发生功能性侧方移动。     

单侧后牙反对儿童髁突位置的影响

目的　研究儿童单侧后牙反患者颞颌关节的对称性。方法　以 2 6例替牙期单侧后牙反患者为试验组 ,2 8例正常替牙期儿童为对照组 ,分别拍摄双侧颞颌关节中位断层片进行比较。结果　双侧髁突位置不对称、非反侧关节前间隙减小 ,上后间隙均增大。结论　试验组双侧髁突位置及关节间隙有明显差异 ,说明下颌发生功能性侧方移动。     

40例乳前牙反(牙合)儿童X线牙颌面形态特征的研究

目的 研究乳前牙反(牙合)与40例正常乳牙(牙合)儿童的X线牙颌面形态特征.方法 随机抽样选取40例哈尔滨地区正常乳牙(牙合)儿童和40例乳前牙反儿童的X线头颅侧位定位片进行头影测量分析.结果 头影测量分析显示,两组中以下指标FNA、A-NV、SNB、FH/NP、SE、SND、ANB、Wits、NA/PA、UI-NA、UI/NA、UI-AP、LI-NB、LI/NB、LI-AP、LI/MP、FMIA、UI/LI、FH/OP比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),其余指标差异无显著性(P>0.05).结论 乳前牙反主要存在颌间关系不调及上下切牙位置异常等改变,其中颌间关系不调主要为上颌后缩及下颌功能位置的改变造成.乳前牙反以牙性-功能性改变为主,但亦存在牙颌面形态结构的异常.     

银川市儿童乳牙(牙合)错(牙合)畸形调查报告

对银川市1346名儿童乳牙(牙合)错(牙合)畸形情况进行了调查.结果显示错(牙合)的患病率为13.15%,汉、回、满等三种主要民族患病率无显著性差异,6岁组儿童患病率低于其它年龄组,错(牙合)中反和深覆(牙合)的患病率最高.     

上颌(牙合)垫式矫治器中(牙合)堤的制作体会

乳牙列期和混合牙列早期的前牙反(牙合)合对青少年正常的颅颌面部生长发育危害较大,因而需要尽早矫治[1].上颌(牙合)垫式活动矫治器是临床上最为常用的治疗手段,适合多数前牙反(牙合)合病例的矫治.其基本的工作原理为:矫治器以固位体的作用而相对固定在上颌牙弓;(牙合)堤的作用是使反(牙合)合的前牙脱离咬合锁结;然后逐步调节加力弹簧缓慢地推上前牙向唇侧移动,最终解除上颌前牙的反(牙合)[2].实际工作中我们发现,上颌(牙合)垫式矫治器中(牙合)提的制作具有一定的难度,特别是(牙合)堤的双侧均衡和戴入后的完善咬合接触方面,常常需要耗费较多的临床调磨时间.     

Digora数字影像系统测量分析前牙反(牙合)乳牙列

目的探索一种新的牙列模型测量方法——Digora数字影像系统测量法,采用此方法测量分析前牙反(?)乳牙列的特征,为基础研究及临床诊断治疗提供参考。方法分别用电子游标卡尺和Digora数字影像系统测量20副前牙反(?)乳牙列模型,比较两种方法的各项测量值并作统计分析。结果电子游标卡尺与Digora数字影像系统各项测量值之比相对稳定,两者存在高度相关关系(P值均<0．01);前牙反(?)的乳牙列上颌牙弓长度、宽度、周长均大于下颌(P值均<0．05);男女之间比较,除上颌乳磨牙区牙弓宽度、周长存在明显性别差异外 (P值均<0．05),其余测定值的差异均无显著性(P值均>0．05)。结论 Digora数字影像系统是测量牙列模型的一种崭新、快捷的方法,前牙反(?) 对乳牙列的影响应该受到口腔医师的高度重视。     

替牙期前牙反矫治方法的研究现状

前牙反牙是指在正中咬合时,前牙呈反覆盖反覆关系,由于前牙反对口腔功能、颜面美观和心理健康有较严重的影响,并且会随着患者的生长发育面部畸形症状逐渐加重,受到患者以及口腔科医师的重视。替牙期前牙反大多由乳牙列期发展而来,是阻断性矫治的最有利时机。本文将针对替牙期前牙反矫治方法的研究现状作一综述。     

北海市学龄前儿童龋齿病因调查分析

目的了解本地区学龄前儿童乳牙龋病流行情况,以指导今后的乳牙龋病防治工作。方法对900名学龄前儿童按标准统一进行口腔检查和口腔卫生调查。结果被调查者乳牙患龋率为32%。口腔卫生良好者患龋率明显低于口腔卫生差者（P〈0.05）。结论学龄前儿童乳牙龋病的病因调查,对提高儿童的口腔健康防治有很大的指导意义。     

Prevalence of obesity among affluent school children in Dhaka

A cross sectional study was conducted in September 2006 in one of the private schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh to see the prevalence of obesity among affluent school children and adolescents. Informed consent was taken from school authority to take anthropometric measurement of all school children. Standing height was measured with a stadiometer and weight with a bathroom scale. Waist and hip circumference were measured with a measuring tape. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated using weight in kilogram/(height in meter)2 formula. Obesity was defined as BMI≥95th percentile for age and sex, over weight as BMI≥85th percentile for age and sex, normal weight as BMI between 5th and 84th percentile and underweight as BMI <5th percentile. Official centers for disease control (CDC) growth chart for boys and girls age 2-20 years was used. Children and adolescents were divided into group 1(3-5 years), Group 2(6-9years), group 3(10-13 years) and group 4(14-18 years). There were a total of 468 children and adolescents (male 266, female 202). In group 1 there were 110 children, in group 2 there were177 children, in group 3 and 4 there were 149 and 32 adolescents respectively. The prevalence of obesity was 17.9%, higher among males (19.9%), compared to females (15.3%). Obesity was highest (27.7%) in group 2, 14.5% in group 1, 10.7% in group 3 and 9.4% in group 4.     

海口市儿童哮喘变应原流行病学调查研究

目的 了解海口市儿童哮喘常见变应原状况.方法 2012年9~12月本研究采取整群抽样的流行病学方法调查海口市0~14岁儿童10 241名,确诊哮喘患儿324例,对所有哮喘患儿进行过敏史问卷调查及皮肤点刺试验和血清过敏原特异性IgE (SIgE)抗体检测.结果 324例哮喘患儿中224例(69.1%)过敏史阳性,其中湿疹91例(28.1%),食物过敏64例(19.8%),药物过敏28例(8.6%),香烟过敏18例(5.6%),装修气味过敏19例(5.9%),宠物过敏13例(4.0%),油烟过敏11例(3.4%),花粉过敏9例(2.8%).皮肤点刺阳性率为83.0%(269例),其中屋尘螨及粉尘螨阳性率分别为90.1%(292例)及89.2%(289例),热带螨为85.5%(277例),蟑螂19.6%(64例),霉菌3.4%(11例),花粉3.4%(11例),猫毛11.7%(38例),狗毛25.3%(82例).吸入性过敏原IgE阳性率为72.2%(235例),以尘螨为最高(69.8%,226例);食入性过敏原IgE阳性率为28.7%(93例),牛奶占25.3%(82例),鸡蛋白占9.9%(32例),虾蟹占22.8%(74例),热带水果占9.0%(24例),鱼占8.3%(27例).不同年龄组哮喘患儿吸入性过敏原特异性IgE阳性率比较显示,3~7岁组屋尘螨、蟑螂阳性率高于0~3岁组(P<0.05),7~14岁组屋尘螨、蟑螂、狗毛上皮、猫毛上皮阳性率高于0~3岁组(P<0.05).结论 海口市儿童哮喘常见变应原以屋尘螨、粉尘螨和热带螨为主,狗毛、蟑螂及猫毛比例也较高.食入性过敏原以牛奶、鸡蛋白多见,且虾蟹、热带水果致敏对本地区儿童哮喘的影响也不容忽视.     

Prevalence of giardiasis among Malaysian primary school children

Giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease caused by Giardia intestinalis is endemic in Malaysia. The prevalence rate has been reported to range from 1.4% to 11.1%. The present study was undertaken between 1992-1994 in three health districts in three states viz. Pahang, Negeri Sembilan and Selangor. Seven thousand five hundred and fifty seven (7557) primary school children between the ages of 6-12 years from the lower socio-economic groups were screened. The prevalence was 0.21%. The study suggests that improved water supply, toilet facilities and sanitation have lowered the prevalence of a waterborne disease in the areas surveyed.     

Prevalence of CSOM among rural school going children

A prospective study was carried out from January 2001 to December 2002 to find the prevalence of CSOM among rural school going children. Altogether 225 students aged 4-13 years from five primary schools and junior high schools of Magura district were interviewed and examined. 28 (12.44%) children were found to have CSOM. Out of these 28 cases, 25 came from lower and 3 from middle income group families. No case of CSOM was found in higher income group family. In this study 73.33% mothers were not aware of CSOM. 60% mothers had no knowledge about treatment and sequelae of CSOM. Only (5.78%) people use cotton bud to clean ear while majority use unhygienic materials like matchstick, cloth with stick and chicken feathers. Treatment seeking pattern was observed in our study. 10.71% cases did not receive any treatment and remaining 89.29% received treatment of which 25% from MBBS doctor or Hospital and 7.14%, 35.71%, 10.71%, 10.71% received it from Kabiraj, Quack, Homeopathy doctor, and salesman of pharmacy respectively.     

学龄前儿童乳牙龋病的病因调查分析

目的 了解宁波市海曙区儿童乳牙龋病流行情况以指导今后的乳牙龋病防治工作.方法 对667名的学龄前儿童按标准统一进行口腔检查和口腔卫生调查.结果 被调查者乳牙患龋率为41.68%,龋均为2.03.口腔卫生良好者患龋率明显低于口腔卫生差者.结论 儿童乳牙龋病的病因调查,对提高儿童的口腔健康防治有很大的指导意义.     

学龄前儿童乳牙龋病的病因调查分析

目的 了解宁波市海曙区儿童乳牙龋病流行情况以指导今后的乳牙龋病防治工作.方法 对667名的学龄前儿童按标准统一进行口腔检查和口腔卫生调查.结果 被调查者乳牙患龋率为41.68%,龋均为2.03.口腔卫生良好者患龋率明显低于口腔卫生差者.结论 儿童乳牙龋病的病因调查,对提高儿童的口腔健康防治有很大的指导意义.