Congenital malalignment of the great toenails

A five year old boy is presented with bilateral congenital malalignment of the great toenails. This disorder is due to lateral deviation of the nail matrix and can be complicated by hemionychogryphosis or ingrowing of the nail at a young age.     

Late-onset malalignment of the great toenails

Great toenail malalignment is characterised by lateral deviation of the longitudinal axis of the nail plate with respect to the hallux, and is usually post-traumatic, iatrogenic or due to congenital malalignment of the great toenails. We present cases of great toenail malalignment with onset in adolescence or young adulthood without preceding nail surgery or acute trauma. We postulate that this may represent a late-onset presentation of congenital malalignment of the great toenails.     

Dizygotic twins with congenital malalignment of the great toenails: reappraisal of the pathogenesis

Congenital malalignment of the great toenails (CMGTN) is a heritable disorder, in which the longitudinal axis of the nail plate is not parallel to the corresponding axis of the distal phalanx of the hallux, but laterally deviated. We describe a pair of 1(1/2)-month-old dizygotic twins with laterally deviated nail plates of the great toenails since birth. By the time the infants were 10 months of age, significant realignment was observed. Adult pedigree members also showed slight similar deviations of the nail plates. We suggest that desynchronization of growth between the nail and the adherent end-phalanx of the hallux may result in temporarily larger nail plates, which are gliding outwards, in order to fit into the underlying bony space. During postnatal life, spontaneous realignment is usually observed, probably as a result of a faster growing end-phalanx.     

Congenital malalignment of the great toe-nails—an inherited condition

Malalignment of the great toe-nails has been described for some time as occurring at birth, but there is still some dispute as to whether it is an inherited condition. We hope to provide some evidence that it may be inherited.     

异卵双胎兄妹同患着色性干皮病

患儿1 男,2岁,因面部干燥、瘙痒、斑点状色素沉着近9个月,于2011年8月就诊。出生后3个月开始面部皮肤发红,尤其日光照射后似醉酒貌,鼻部及两侧出现黑色和棕褐色针头至黄豆大小斑点,互不融合,日晒后瘙痒明显,后皮损渐增多,累及整个面中部,额部和下颏部未受累。躯干和四肢无皮损……     

Congenital malalignment of the big toe nail

Congenital malalignment of the big toe nail is based on a lateral deviation of the nail plate. This longitudinal axis shift is due to a deviation of the nail matrix, possibly caused by increased traction of the hypertrophic extensor tendon of the hallux. Congenital malalignment of the big toe nail is typically present at birth. Ingrown toenails and onychogryphosis are among the most common complications. Depending on the degree of deviation, conservative or surgical treatment may be recommended.     

A 15-year-old boy with Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome associated with severe congenital malalignment of the toenails

Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome (RTS) is a well-known disorder characterized by growth and mental retardation, typical facial features, short stature, and broad thumbs and toes. Although several cutaneous manifestations are observed in these patients, they are not diagnostic and are usually considered to be coincidental. Congenital malalignment of the great toenails is a very rare disorder that is characterized by lateral deviation of the nail plate along its longitudinal axis. The nail plate grows into the lateral nail fold resulting in pain and infection. It is usually present at birth or begins in early childhood. We report a patient with characteristic manifestations of RTS and congenital malalignment of the great toenails. The association of these two entities has not been reported previously.     

Chlamydia trachomatis infection in dizygotic twins delivered by caesarean section.

Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from the conjunctiva, pharynx, and rectum of one 10 day old twin delivered by caesarean section without prior rupture of the chorioamnion and from the pharynx of her brother. The means by which C trachomatis causes such infection is not known.