缺氧性肺动脉高压时一氧化氮合酶、左旋精氨酸及亚硝基左旋精氨酸甲酯的研究

目的研究一氧化氮（ＮＯ）在缺氧性肺动脉高压（ＨＰＨ）发病中的作用。方法用烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸—黄递酶（ＮｉｃｏｔｉｎａｍｉｄｅＡｄｅｎｉｎｅＤｉｎｕｃｌｅｏｔｉｄｅＰｈｏｓｐｈａｔｅＤｉａｐｈｏｒａｓｅ，ＮＡＤＰＨｄ）和免疫组化ＡＢＣ方法检测原生型和诱生型一氧化氮合酶（ｃＮＯＳ、ｉＮＯＳ）在正常和缺氧大鼠肺内的表达和分布，同时观察左旋精氨酸（Ｌａｒｇ）和亚硝基左旋精氨甲酯（ＬＮＡＭＥ）对正常和缺氧大鼠肺循环的影响。结果ＨＰＨ组，ＮＡＤＰＨｄ阳性反应见于大血管内皮、平滑肌、支气管粘膜上皮及小血管内皮和平滑肌中，而后者在正常时未见阳性反应；ｃＮＯＳ在肺血管内皮和支气管粘膜上皮中的表达明显减弱，甚至消失，而正常时不表达ｉＮＯＳ的肺血管内皮和血管、支气管平滑肌在ＨＰＨ组出现了阳性表达；缺氧时补充Ｌａｒｇ和ＬＮＡＭＥ，与单纯缺氧相比，对右心室肥大和肺血管重建无影响。结论缺氧时ｃＮＯＳ被抑制，可能对ＨＰＨ的形成具有一定的作用；而ｉＮＯＳ的诱导表达，则可能对ＨＰＨ的形成具有阻止作用。     

The effect of substance P on nitric oxide release in a rheumatoid arthritis model

Objective The inflammatory mediator substance P (SP) acts principally through the neurokinin (NK₁) receptor. We assessed the influence of SP on production of NO and its possible role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The effect of SP (0.1–100 nM) on concentrations of the NO metabolite, nitrite, produced by synovial fibroblasts from RA patients was studied. For comparison, the effects of TNF-α (0.57 pM–5.7 nM) and IL-1β (0.57 pM–5.7 nM) were also studied. In parallel studies, footpad inflammation was induced in NK₁ receptor knock-out (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice, and swelling and NO metabolite levels were measured. Results In cultured synoviocytes, SP, TNF-α and IL-1β induced significantly increased nitrite concentrations. Consistent with a role for NO in SP-mediated inflammatory reactions, the plasma NO metabolite level in WT mice was significantly increased at 3 days following an injection of 10 mg/ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but there was no significant change in NK₁ KO mice. These results were paralleled by the changes in footpad swelling in WT mice compared to NK₁ KO mice. Conclusion SP, like TNF-α and IL-1β, induces NO in both rheumatoid synoviocytes and experimental models of inflammation. Treatments directed against SP may have important and hitherto unrecognised anti-inflammatory effects. Received 18 August 2005; returned for revision 10 October 2005; accepted by M. Parnham 7 February 2006     

血管紧张素（1-7）对兔急性心肌梗死再灌注血清一氧化氮水平及心肌微血管完整性的影响

目的探讨血管紧张素(1-7)[Ang-(1-7)]对急性心肌梗死再灌注血清一氧化氮(NO)水平及心肌微血管完整性的影响。方法新西兰雄性大白兔30只,随机分成以下3组:假手术组、缺血再灌注(I-R)对照组和Ang-(1-7)治疗组,每组10只。Ang-(1-7)治疗组经置入式微量泵持续颈静脉给予Ang-(1-7)(25μg.kg-1.h-1)3d。假手术组和I-R对照组经微量泵只给予等量的生理盐水。每组均在3d预处理后,冠状动脉左前降支结扎2h,再灌注2h。测定缺血前、后和再灌注2h时血清NO含量及光镜下心肌灶性出血发生率的变化,并采用氯化三苯四唑(TTC)染色观察心肌梗死范围。结果心肌缺血前Ang-(1-7)治疗组NO已显著升高(P<0.01);心肌缺血后2h时,各组NO均比缺血前显著降低(P<0.01),但Ang-(1-7)治疗组比I-R对照组显著增高(P<0.01);再灌注2h后,各组NO均比缺血2h时进一步降低,但Ang-(1-7)治疗组仍比I-R对照组显著增高(P<0.01)。心肌灶性出血发生率在I-R对照组为65.00%,而Ang-(1-7)治疗组为27.50%(P<0.01)。心肌梗死面积在I-R对照组为(28.70±5.45)%,而Ang-(1-7)治疗组为(15.46±4.32)%(P<0.01)。结论静脉持续给予Ang-(1-7)能提高急性心肌梗死再灌注时血清NO水平,可保护心肌微血管的完整性。     

Purified soluble guanylyl cyclase expressed in a baculovirus/Sf9 system: stimulation by YC-1, nitric oxide, and carbon monoxide

Soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) is the main receptor for nitric oxide, a messenger molecule with multiple clinical implications. Understanding the activation of sGC is an important step for establishing new therapeutic principles. We have now overexpressed sGC in a baculovirus/Sf9 system optimized for high protein yields to facilitate spectral and kinetic studies of the activation mechanisms of this enzyme. It was expressed in a batch fermenter using a defined mixture of viruses encoding the α₁ and β₁ subunits of the rat lung enzyme. The expressed enzyme was purified from the cytosolic fraction by anion exchange chromatography, hydroxyapatite chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography. By use of this new method 2.5 l culture yielded about 1 mg of apparently homogeneous sGC with a content of about one heme per heterodimer without the need of a heme reconstitution step. The enzyme did not contain stoichiometric amounts of copper. The basal activities of the purified enzyme were 153 and 1259 nmol min^–1 mg^–1 in the presence of Mg²⁺ and Mn²⁺, respectively. The nitric oxide releasing agent 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide (DEA/NO) stimulated the enzyme 160-fold with Mg²⁺, whereas the NO-independent activator 3-(5’-hydroxymethyl-2’-furyl)-1- benzylindazole (YC-1) induced an increase in the activity of 101-fold at a concentration of 300 μM. The combination of DEA/NO (10 μM) and YC-1 (100 μM) elicited a dose-dependent synergistic stimulation with a maximum of a 792-fold increase over the basal activity in the presence of Mg²⁺, resulting in a specific activity of 121 μmol min^–1 mg^–1. The synergistic stimulation of DEA/NO and YC-1 was attenuated by the sGC inhibitor 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazole(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) (10 μM) by 94%. In a different experimental setup a saturated carbon monoxide solution in the absence of ambient oxygen or NO stimulated the enzyme 15-fold in the absence and 1260-fold in the presence of YC-1 compared to an argon control. The heme spectra of the enzyme showed a shift of the Soret peak from 432 to 399 and 424 nm in the presence of DEA/NO or carbon monoxide, respectively. The heme spectra were not affected by YC-1 in the absence or in the presence of DEA/NO or of carbon monoxide, which reflects the fact that YC-1 does not interact directly with the heme group of the enzyme. In summary, this study shows that our expression/purification procedure is suitable for producing large amounts of highly pure sGC which contains one heme per heterodimer without a reconstitution step. The activator experiments show that in a synergistic stimulation with YC-1 sGC can be activated maximally both by nitric oxide and by carbon monoxide and that YC-1 does not directly act via heme. The described method should help to facilitate the investigation of the new therapeutic principle of NO-independent guanylyl cyclase activators. Received: 20 May 1998 / Accepted: 5 October 1998     

增强型体外反搏对冠心病患者血清一氧化氮和丙二醛的影响

目的:探讨增强型体外反搏对冠心病患者血清一氧化氮(NO)和丙二醛(MDA)的影响.方法:采用硝酸盐还原酶法测定69例冠心患者(反搏组31例,药物组38例)和35名正常人血清中NO2-和NO3-的含量,以反映NO的浓度,同时检测血清中MDA的含量,观察冠心病患者增强型体外反搏过程中及反搏后血清NO和MDA的动态变化.结果:治疗前,反搏组和药物组冠心病患者血清NO含量(38.88±17.03) μmol/L,(40.78±7.38) μmol/L明显低于正常人水平(70.86±7.61) μmol/L,P＜0.05.经过3个疗程的增强型体外反搏治疗,患者血中NO含量明显增高(105.47±25.58) μmol/L,P＜0.05,对照组经过6周药物治疗,血中NO也有一定程度的增高(48.52±10.04) μmol/L,但仍低于正常水平.与此相反,治疗前反搏组和药物组冠心病患者血清MDA含量(5.74±0.53) nmol/L,(5.71±0.59) nmol/L明显高于正常人水平(3.87±0.65) nmol/L,P＜0.05.经过3个疗程的增强型体外反搏治疗,患者血中MDA含量明显降低(4.04±0.65) nmol/L,P＜0.05,但药物组经过6周药物治疗,血中MDA无明显变化(5.60±0.55) nmol/L.在增强型体外反搏过程中,随着疗程的增加,冠心病患者血清NO含量逐渐升高,而MDA浓度则逐渐降低.结论:提示增强型体外反搏可促进NO的释放,从而调整内皮功能,并降低MDA的产生,抑制脂质过氧化反应,为增强型体外反搏在临床上的应用提供新的理论依据.     

Effect of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor and NMDA receptor antagonist on the development of nicotine sensitization of nucleus accumbens dopamine release: An in vivo microdialysis study

We have previously found that the neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA) and the noncompetitive N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist MK-801 prevent behavioral sensitization to nicotine. This study aimed to investigate the effect of l-NNA and MK-801 on a neurochemical component of nicotine sensitization by evaluating the effect of the drugs on nicotine sensitization of nucleus accumbens dopamine (DA) release. Sprague–Dawley rats were pretreated with l-NNA (15 mg/kg, i.p.), MK-801 (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.), or saline 30 min before injection of nicotine (0.4 mg/kg, s.c., once daily) for seven consecutive days. Twenty-four hours after the last drug injection, animals were challenged with local perfusion of 5 mM nicotine into the shell of nucleus accumbens for 60 min and DA release was monitored using in vivo microdialysis. In rats treated with repeated nicotine, acute nicotine challenge induced a greater increase of accumbal DA release than in saline-treated animals (maximal DA response = 969 ± 235% (mean ± S.E.M.) of basal level versus 520 ± 93%, p = 0.042). Co-administration of l-NNA or MK-801 with nicotine attenuated an increase of DA release elicited by acute nicotine challenge, compared with nicotine alone (maximal DA response = 293 ± 58% and 445 ± 90% of basal level, respectively versus 969 ± 235%, p = 0.004 and p = 0.013, respectively). These data demonstrate that l-NNA and MK-801 block the development of nicotine sensitization of nucleus accumbens DA release, further supporting the involvement of nitric oxide and NMDA receptors in the development of behavioral sensitization to nicotine.     

地尔硫(艹卓)对肺动脉高压大鼠血红素氧合酶1和一氧化氮合酶的影响

目的 :　探讨钙离子拮抗剂地尔硫 艹卓(商品名合心爽 )对大鼠缺氧性肺动脉高压模型肺小动脉 (SPA)血红素氧合酶 (HO) - 1、一氧化氮合酶 (NOS)表达的影响。方法 :常压缺氧 [(10 %± 1% )O2 ]6周复制大鼠肺动脉高压模型。缺氧 2周后随机分为模型组和地尔硫 艹卓 治疗组。检测右室收缩压 (RVSP)、右心肥大指数 (RVHI) ,用光镜和透射电镜观察肺的病理改变 ,并进行形态学定量。用免疫组化和Westernblot法观察肺内HO - 1、内皮型和诱生型NOS(eNOS和iNOS)的表达和分布。放免法检测肺组织环 -磷酸鸟苷 (cGMP)含量。结果 :地尔硫 艹卓 明显降低缺氧大鼠的RVSP和RVHI,减轻肺小动脉中膜肥厚 ,促进eNOS及抑制iNOS表达 ,但对缺氧引起的HO - 1表达增高和内皮超微结构损伤无显著影响。结论 :地尔硫 艹卓 能明显减轻肺动脉高压性结构重塑 ,这种作用可能部分通过抑制iNOS、促进eNOS ,而不减少HO - 1的表达等环节来实现。     

The effect of free gallium and gallium in liposomes on cytokine and nitric oxide secretion from macrophage-like cells in vitro

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of gallium nitrate, gallium-nitrilotriacetate (NTA) complex, and liposomal gallium-NTA on IL-6, TNF, and nitric oxide (NO) release from activated macrophages. In addition, the expression of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was determined. Gallium inhibited dose-dependently the secretion of IL-6, TNF, and NO from the LPS-induced macrophage-like RAW 264 cells. Encapsulation of gallium in negatively charged DSPG-liposomes increased its potency 10–50 times and 7–11 times compared to free gallium nitrate and gallium-NTA, respectively. Neither non-loaded liposomes nor NTA alone inhibited cytokine or NO secretion, demonstrating that the observed effects originated from gallium. Liposomal gallium-NTA inhibited the expression of iNOS by the macrophages, while other formulations of gallium had no effect. Thus, gallium, when delivered properly, suppresses macrophage functions by inhibiting the release of inflammatory mediators from the cells.     

The effect of spermatic vessel ligation on testicular nitric oxide levels and germ cell-specific apoptosis in rat testis

Management of high testis may vary but the most popular method in surgical treatment is the Fowler-Stephens maneuver. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of spermatic vessel ligation on testicular nitric oxide (NO) levels, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and germ cell-specific apoptosis in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes in rats. Twenty-eight animals were randomly allocated into four groups (n=7 each). The spermatic vessels were ligated as a simulation of the Fowler-Stephens maneuver. The groups of animals were sacrificed at 2 h (group 1), 4 h (group 2) and 24 h (group 3) after ligation, respectively. Sham-operated animals served as controls (group 4). Biochemical assessment of testicular NO levels was performed by the Griess method. iNOS and eNOS expression and apoptosis were studied in ipsilateral and contralateral testes. Testicular NO levels at 24 h after the simulated Fowler-Stephens maneuver were found to be significantly increased in both ipsilateral and contralateral testes when compared with the sham-operated group. eNOS expression was clearly increased in ipsilateral testes, whereas moderate expression was detected in the contralateral seminiferous tubules at 24 h after ligation. Mild focal iNOS immunostaining was also observed in seminiferous tubules of the ipsilateral testis at 24 h after the simulated Fowler-Stephens maneuver. Apoptosis was dramatically increased in ipsilateral testes; however, it was only detected in single cells in the contralateral side at 24 h after ligation. In conclusion, the simulated Fowler-Stephens maneuver induces testicular nitric oxide synthesis and germ cell-specific apoptosis in the ipsilateral testis. These results suggest that high levels of NO induce apoptosis and may impair spermatogenesis thus explaining the unsuccessful outcome of the Fowler-Stephens maneuver.     

The effect of maintenance and reversal of DOCA-Salt hypertension on extravasation of macromolecules and serum nitric oxide concentration in male rats

Objective: Previous studies indicated that there are some functional and morphological changes of endothelial cells in hypertension. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of DOCA-Salt hypertension and its reversal on extravasation of macromolecules (endothelial permeability) and serum Nitric Oxide (NO) concentrations in male rats. Method: Male rats were divided into four groups as follows: Group (i): DOCA-Salt for 12 weeks; Group (ii): Solvent of DOCA injection for 12 weeks; Group (iii): DOCA-Salt for 12 weeks and DOCA-Salt withdrawal for 12 weeks; Group (iv): Solvent of DOCA injection for 12 weeks and its withdrawal for 12 weeks. At the end of experiment, serum NO concentrations were measured and vascular permeability in aorta and coronary circulation were evaluated using Evans Blue dye method. Results: Results showed that systolic blood pressure was significantly higher in DOCA-Salt hypertensive rats compared to normotensive group (150.1 ± 2.42 vs. 97.7 ± 2.32 mmHg, respectively). DOCA-Salt withdrawal completely reduced blood pressure in hypertensive rats to normotensive level (150.1 ± 2.42 vs. 98.1 ± 3.68 mmHg, respectively). Coronary vascular and aortic endothelial permeability were not different between DOCA-Salt hypertensive and normotensive rats and reversal of blood pressure did not alter it. Serum NO level was significantly lower in the hypertensive animals compared to normotensive group (3.87 ± 0.97 vs. 7.71 ± 0.67 μmol/l) and blood pressure reduction returned serum NO level to normotensive level (7.25 ± 0.96 vs. 7.71 ± 0.67 μmol/l). Conclusion: DOCA-Salt hypertension and its reversal did not alter coronary vascular and aortic endothelial permeability. However, serum NO level was significantly reduced during hypertension and reversal of hypertension completely reduced blood pressure together with the restoration of serum NO concentration. This may suggest that biological marker of endothelial function do not behave uniformly at least in this model of hypertension.     

Endogenous nitric oxide as a probable modulator of pulmonary circulation and hypoxic pressor response in vivo

The objective of this study was to investigate the role of endogenous nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, in the regulation of pulmonary circulation in vivo, with special reference to the hypoxic pressor response. In artificially ventilated open-chest rabbits, pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation (F₁₀₂= 21 %) was 78C 16 cmH₂O ml^-l min 1000^-1 (mRU_L). Hypoxic ventilation (F₁₀₂= 10%) increased pulmonary vascular resistance to 117 ± 17 mRU_L. N^w-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, increased pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation to 192 ± 28 mRU_L and during hypoxic ventilation to 462 ± 80 mRU_L. During N^w-nitro-l-arginine methylester infusion there was also an increase in mean arterial blood pressure as well as a decrease in cardiac output that was even more pronounced during hypoxic ventilation. L-arginine reversed the effect of N^w-nitro-l-arginine methylester on pulmonary vascular resistance at normoxic ventilation to 140 ± 26 mRU_L and at hypoxic ventilation to 239 ± 42 mRU_L. In spontaneously breathing closed-chest rabbits, N^w-nitro-L-arginine methylester evoked a marked decrease in arterial P_o2, and increases in respiration frequency and central venous pressure, while blood pH, P_CO2 and base excess remained unchanged. Taken together these findings indicate that endogenous nitric oxide, formed from L-arginine, might be a regulator of ventilation-perfusion matching at normoxic ventilation, and that nitric oxide acts as an endogenous modulator of the hypoxic pressor response.     

A proline-rich polypeptide complex (PRP) from ovine colostrum. Studies on the effect of PRP on nitric oxide (NO) production induced by LPS in THP-1 cells

A proline-rich polypeptide complex (PRP) isolated from ovine colostrum shows immunoregulatory activity. Similar activity was observed when PRP was replaced with a nonapeptide (NP) isolated from chymotryptic digest of PRP. The polypeptide complex also shows procognitive activity. In the form of orally administered tablets called Colostrinin®, containing 100 µg of PRP, it improves the outcome of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. The mechanism of action of PRP/Colostrinin® in AD is not yet clarified. Microglial cells involvement in AD has been related to amyloid β (Aβ) internalization, the release of inflammatory cytokines, overproduction of nitrogen oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O₂^-), and the development of neuritic plaques. It has been previously found in our laboratory that PRP regulates the secretion of an array of cytokines. It also was shown, in preliminary experiments using human blood cells and murine macrophages, that PRP inhibits production of NO and O₂^- induced by LPS. In the present work, to study the effect of PRP and NP on the release of NO and O₂^- induced by LPS we applied THP-1 cells. The human monocyte/macrophage THP-1 cell line has been widely used as a model of human microglial cells. The results obtained showed that THP-1 cells release NO when activated with LPS. However, neither PRP nor NP induced production of NO. Although the nonapeptide, at higher concentration (100 µg/mL), showed an inhibitory activity on the release of NO induced by LPS, no inhibition was observed when PRP was used. THP-1 cells treated with LPS, PRP or NP did not release O₂^-.     

血红素氧合酶-1/一氧化碳和一氧化氮合酶/一氧化氮系统对球囊损伤后血管重塑的影响及其两系统的相关性研究

探讨球囊损伤后血管重塑中血红素氧合酶-1(HO-1)/一氧化碳(CO)系统与一氧化氮合酶(NOS)/一氧化氮(NO)系统的作用及相互关系。家兔随机分为对照组、假手术组、胆固醇组、精氨酸组、亚硝基组、血红素组和卟啉锌组。对照组喂普通饲料,其余六组喂含1.5%胆固醇饲料,精氨酸组和亚硝基组饮水同时予L-精氨酸或亚硝基-L-精氨酸甲酯,血红素组和卟啉锌组同时分别予氯化血红素或锌原卟啉-9腹腔内注射。2周后实验组行一侧颈总动脉球囊损伤,术后续原喂养给药8周。结果显示:与胆固醇组比较,血红素组HO活性、CO生成量显著增加,核因子κB活性显著降低,内膜面积显著减小(均P<0.01);卟啉锌组呈现相反的结果;精氨酸组cNOS活性、NO生成量显著增加,核因子κB活性显著降低,内膜面积显著减小(均P<0.01);亚硝基组cNOS活性、NO生成量显著降低,核因子κB活性显著升高(均P<0.01),内膜面积变化无显著性。本研究表明,再狭窄形成中HO-1/CO与NOS/NO两系统显示互补及代偿作用,HO-1/CO系统可能通过对NOS/NO系统的代偿和调节并抑制核因子κB活性,从而抑制血管损伤后内膜增殖及负性重塑。     

Effects of unilateral vagotomy on nitric oxide synthase and histamine H3 receptors in the rat dorsal vagal complex

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and histamine H₃ receptors are both markedly increased by neuronal injuries. To examine whether peripheral axotomy produced differential changes in NOS and H₃ receptors, both NOS and H₃ receptors were measured in the dorsal vagal complex after unilateral vagotomy. The presence of NOS-positive neurons was examined using both NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry and neuronal NOS-immunohistochemistry in rats vagotomized at the mid-cervical level. NADPH-diaphorase activity and NOS-immunoreactivity were markedly enhanced on the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMX) and in the ambiguus nucleus at the denervated side. Intraperitoneal injection of NOS inhibitors, N^ω-nitro-L-arginine (10 mg/kg) or dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) attenuated the increase in NADPH-diaphorase activity. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was similarly induced 2 weeks after vagotomy in the vagal complex and surrounding area. Histamine H₃ receptors in the vagal complex were visualized with [³H]N-methylhistamine. The ligand-labeled H₃ receptors were mainly located at the nucleus of the solitary tract (NST). The densities of H₃ receptors did not change in the NST after unilateral vagotomy. These results suggest that peripheral axotomy such as mid-cervical vagotomy preferentially induces NOS in damaged neurons without affecting the level of H₃ receptors.     

Ghrelin对脓毒症肺损伤大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞及肺组织iNOS表达的影响

 目的： 观察ghrelin对脓毒症肺损伤大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞及肺组织诱导型一氧化氮合酶（inducible nitric oxide synthase, iNOS）表达的影响。方法： SD雄性大鼠分为假手术组、脓毒症组及ghrelin治疗组,前2组各设术后6 h、12 h和20 h亚组。通过盲肠结扎穿孔术（cecal ligation and puncture, CLP）建立脓毒症模型,ghrelin治疗组于术后3 h及15 h腹腔注射ghrelin,术后20 h取材。各组按术后既定时间行支气管肺泡灌洗收集肺泡巨噬细胞,RT-PCR检测肺泡巨噬细胞中iNOS mRNA的表达水平。另一部分大鼠则在术后20 h采集右肺,行肺病理学检查及Western blotting检测肺组织iNOS蛋白表达。结果： 脓毒症组在CLP术后6 h、12 h和20 h肺泡巨噬细胞iNOS mRNA的表达水平分别为1.33±0.05、1.44±0.08和1.57±0.11,均高于假手术组（P＜0.05）,并不随时间延长而升高;但在术后20 h却低于ghrelin治疗组（2.27±0.37;P＜0.05）。Ghrelin治疗组CLP术后20 h肺组织iNOS蛋白表达水平（0.87± 0.03）低于脓毒症组（P＜0.05）。Ghrelin治疗组肺组织病理学评分（5.83±0.477）较脓毒症组（7.83±0.75）低,2组均高于假手术组（P＜0.05）。结论： CLP术后6～20 h,大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞iNOS mRNA的表达水平升高,但无时间依赖性。Ghrelin对脓毒症大鼠肺泡巨噬细胞iNOS mRNA表达起上调作用,而对肺组织iNOS蛋白表达起抑制作用,减轻肺损伤程度。