HPLC指纹图谱法鉴别半夏及其伪品

目的:建立半夏药材的HPLC指纹图谱,用以鉴别半夏与其伪品。方法:采用HPLC法,Hypersil C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm)色谱柱,以甲醇-乙腈-0.1%磷酸二氢钠(8∶8∶84)为流动相,进样量10μL,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温30℃,检测波长为204 nm。结果:建立半夏药材对照HPLC指纹图谱,标示出5个不同产地半夏HPLC指纹图谱共有特征峰11个,多数峰可以达到较好分离,其中有7个易于辨认的特征峰,可用于鉴别半夏及其伪品。半夏HPLC指纹图谱与其伪品水半夏、天南星及虎掌南星差异明显。结论:该方法快速、简便、专属性及重复性好,可用于半夏药材鉴别和质量控制的依据评价。     

河北道地药材酸枣仁脂肪油GC-MS指纹图谱研究

目的建立河北道地药材酸枣仁的气象质谱色谱连用(gaschromatograph mass spectrometer,GC-MS)指纹图谱,为科学评价及有效控制酸枣仁药材质量提供新方法。方法收集不同产地酸枣仁药材21批,采用GC-MS法测定其指纹图谱。色谱柱,HP-5柱(50 m×250μm×0.25μm);柱温50℃,以10℃/min升至160℃,保持5min;再以6℃/min升至250℃。流速0.70 mL/min,分流比为30∶1,进样口温度250℃,进样量1μL。质谱条件,电离方式为电子电离,离子源温度230℃,电子能量70 eV;采集方式,全谱扫描,扫描质量范围0~800 mAU;载气为He。结果建立了道地药材酸枣仁GC-MS指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地酸枣仁药材进行了相似度比较。分析鉴定了8种脂肪油成分,分别计算了相对百分含量。结论方法简便、可靠,可用于不同产地酸枣仁药材的指纹图谱测定和质量评价,为有效控制酸枣仁药材的内在质量提供依据。     

大黄高效液相色谱法指纹图谱分离条件的优化

目的　优化大黄高效液相色谱法指纹图谱 (HPL C- FPs)的分离条件。方法　以 RP- HPL C法 ,使用Shim- pack CL C- ODS柱 (6 .0 m m i.d.× 1 5 0 m m,5μm ) ,流动相为甲醇 - 1 m l/ L磷酸溶液 ,检测波长为 2 5 4 nm ,柱温为 4 0℃ ,考察大黄总提取物在不同梯度洗脱条件下的分离情况。结果　优选出的大黄 HPL C- FPs分离条件 ,可使大黄总提取物中各组分达到较佳分离 ,稳定性、精密度、重现性好。结论　该色谱分离条件可用于建立大黄药材HPL C- FPs的分离条件     

丹参水溶性成分HPLC指纹图谱指纹对照品对照法的研究

目的　建立HPL C法测定丹参药材水溶性成分的指纹图谱标准,确定指纹对照品对照法的作用,实现丹参药材指纹图谱标准的重现与易控。方法　采用C1 8色谱柱,甲醇- 1.0 %冰醋酸溶液梯度程序洗脱,体积流量为1.0m L /m in。以丹参对照药材制备指纹对照品进行色谱系统适用性试验,考察梯度洗脱程序、流动相酸度以及色谱柱填充剂对指纹图谱重现性的影响。结果　建立的指纹图谱测定系统,对丹参水溶性成分分离良好,选择色谱图中15个特征峰作为指纹峰。将不同产地的10批药材的指纹图谱与同时测定的指纹对照品图谱进行比较,结果即使改变色谱柱填充剂也可以获得一致的相似性评价结论。结论　色谱指纹图谱可以体现药材中多个成分的信息,但色谱系统的变化对指纹图谱的重现性有很大的影响,而且在不同的色谱柱条件下所得的指纹图谱结果不尽相同。因而为了实现指纹图谱标准的重复可控,应同时规定指纹图谱测定的色谱系统适用性条件和指纹对照品。     

蓝萼香茶菜高效液相指纹图谱研究

目的:采用RP-HPLC法建立蓝萼香茶菜药材的指纹图谱。方法:采用Diamonsil钻石C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为甲醇-水(体积比70∶30),流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为20℃,检测波长为231 nm。结果:建立了蓝萼香茶菜药材的RP-HPLC指纹图谱,5批蓝萼香茶菜药材指纹图谱R≥0.962 7。结论:采用RP-HPLC指纹图谱检测技术可以有效控制蓝萼香茶菜药材的内在质量。     

河北道地药材远志HPLC-UV指纹图谱研究

目的 建立河北道地药材远志的HPLC-UV指纹图谱,获得对照图谱,并与不同产地远志药材指纹图谱相比较,为有效控制远志质量提供方法.方法 采用HPLC-UV法得到了19批远志样品指纹图谱.色谱条件:Waters 1525高效液相色谱仪,C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-0.2%甲酸溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,检测波长316 nm,体积流量1.0 mL/min,柱温35℃.结果 建立了河北省远志药材HPLC-UV指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地药材进行了相似度比较.结论 本方法操作简便、快速、准确,为远志药材的鉴别和质量的全面控制提供了依据.     

苦参药材高效液相指纹图谱分析方法研究

目的：探讨一种评价苦参质量的高效液相指纹图谱分析方法的可行性及其应用价值。方法：采用高效液相色谱方法,Hypersil C18（250mm×4.6mm,5μm）色谱柱,以甲醇-乙腈-20mmol/L磷酸二氢钾溶液（加三乙胺调pH至8.0）为流动相,梯度洗脱。流速为0.8 mL.min^-1,柱温：30℃;检测波长220nm,建立苦参药材HPLC指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地药材进行了相似度比较。结果：建立了苦参药材HPLC指纹图谱共有模式,并对不同产地药材进行相似度比较。结论：本研究建立的指纹图谱检测方法简便、快捷、可靠,可用于苦参药材的质量评。     

中药白英的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的:建立不同产地白英药材的HPLC指纹图谱,为建立白英药材的质量标准提供依据。方法:采用Waters C18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)(柱前加保护柱)色谱柱;流动相:乙腈-0.2%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱;流速:1.0 m L/min;检测波长:285 nm;柱温:室温。结果:通过对各个产地白英的HPLC指纹图谱进行直观分析,并采用中药色谱指纹图谱相似度软件进行相似度评价,经过比较,确定了13个峰作为特征峰,由此建立了白英的HPLC指纹图谱。结论:该法所得图谱清晰,特征直观,所建立的白英药材的HPLC指纹图谱可作为评价其质量的参考。     

不同产地丹参药材指纹图谱比较研究

【目的】通过建立丹参药材的HPLC指纹图谱对不同产地丹参药材质量进行比较。【方法】采用C18柱,色谱柱为HypersilODS2(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈-0.5%冰乙酸溶液梯度洗脱;柱温为30℃;流速为1.0 ml/min;检测波长为270 nm;洗脱时间75 min;进样量20μl。【结果】用相似度软件对来自5个不同产地的10批药材指纹图谱进行分析,标定了8个共有峰,相似度评价均在0.9以上。【结论】通过丹参药材指纹图谱的比较,可为不同产地丹参药材遴选提供依据。     

不同产地黄芩药材HPLC指纹图谱的研究

目的建立河北道地药材热河黄芩的HPLC指纹图谱，并与不同产地黄芩药材指纹特征相比较，为科学评价与有效控制黄芩质量提供新方法。方法采用HPLC法测定了热河黄芩等11个不同产地黄芩样品。色谱条件：C18柱，乙腈-0．25％磷酸-四氢呋喃为流动相进行梯度洗脱，检测波长274nm，体积流量1．0mL／min，柱温30℃。结果建立了HPLC指纹图谱共有模式，并对不同产地药材进行了相似度比较。结论色谱指纹图谱分析法能简便、快速地鉴别和区分不同来源的黄芩药材，为全面控制黄芩药材的质量提供了依据。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.