Serum Adiponectin and Resistin Levels in Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Their Clinical Implicatlons

In this study, serum adiponectin and resistin levels were determined in 46 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and their correlation with serum sexual hormones and insulin resistance (IR) were examined. The subjects included 26 obese patients with body mass index (BMI)＞25 and 20 non-obese patients with BMI≤25, with 25 obese and 25 non-obese healthy volunteers without PCOS serving as controls. Serum adiponectin and resistin levels in all subjects were measured, and endocrinal and metabolic indices were also analysed. Our results showed that the serum adiponectin levels in both obese and non-obese PCOS groups were significantly lower than their controls, while the serum resistin levels in obese and non-obese PCOS group were significantly higher than in their controls (P＜0.001). The serum adiponectin level was significantly lower and serum resistin level significantly higher in the non-obese PCOS group as compared with the obese control group (P＜0.05). Serum adiponectin level was negatively correlated with FIN, HOMA-IR, LH and LH/FSH (P＜0.05), but serum resistin level was positively correlated with FIN, HOMA-IR, LH and LH/FSH (P＜0.05). We are led to conclude that PCOS patients have obvious IR, low serum adiponectin and high serum resistin, and adiponectin and resistin might play important roles in the pathogenesis of IR in PCOS patients.     

定心藤总黄酮对高脂血症大鼠降血脂的作用研究

目的 探讨定心藤总黄酮对高脂血症大鼠的降血脂作用.方法 选择雄性SD大鼠60只,分为6组:正常对照组(NC组)、模型对照组(MC组)、辛伐他汀阳性对照组(PC组)、定心藤总黄酮低剂量组(MIF1组)、定心藤总黄酮中剂量组(MIF2组)、定心藤总黄酮高剂量组(MIF3组).NC组给予基础饲料;MC组、PC组和MIF各亚组给予高脂饲料,造模同时给予药物干预.喂养6周后,禁食12 h,一侧眼球摘除法取血,分离血清,测定血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C);喂养12周后,禁食12h,心脏采血,分离血清,检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),丙二醛(MDA),总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)的水平.结果 MIF能够降低高脂血症大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、MDA和升高HDL-C、SOD、T-AOC的水平,与NC组相比,MC组TG、TC、LDLC、MDA的水平明显升高,HDL-C、SOD、MDA的水平明显降低(P＜0.05);与MC相比,MIF各亚组TC、TG、LDL C、MDA的水平明显降低,HDL-C、SOD、T-AOC的水平明显升高(P＜0.05).结论 MIF可能通过提高机体SOD、T-AOC和降低MDA的水平,达到降血脂的作用.     

救必应对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用

目的研究救必应的水提物（IRTW）对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将60只小鼠随机平均分成6组：正常对照组、CCl4模型组、BPD组及IRTW高、中、低三个剂量组;采用四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导小鼠急性肝损伤模型,观察IRTW对小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性和肝匀浆超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、谷光甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量及对肝组织病理变化的影响。结果 IRTW各剂量组能显著降低小鼠血清ALT、AST含量（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,降低肝匀浆MDA含量（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,升高SOD、GSH-Px活性（P〈0.01或P〈0.05）,减轻肝组织病理损伤程度。结论 IRTW对小鼠急性化学性肝损伤具有显著保护作用,其作用机制可能与抗脂质过氧化有关。     

肢体缺血后处理和盐酸戊乙奎醚防治胃缺血再灌注损伤的实验观察

目的 探讨缺血后处理和盐酸戊乙奎醚对大鼠肢体缺血再灌注时胃损伤的防治作用及其可能的作用机制.方法 实验采用大鼠肢体缺血再灌注损伤模型,将雄性Wistar大鼠144只,体重220～250 g,随机分为4组:对照组(C);缺血再灌注组(IR组);缺血后处理组(IPO组)和盐酸戊乙奎醚组(IPHC组).C、IR、IPO和IPHC组再分为再灌注0 h(T0)、1 h(T1)、3 b(T3)、6 h(T6)、12 b(T12)和24 h(T24)6个亚组(n=6).分别于上述6个时间点测定血清中LDH和CK活性,TNF-α和IL-10含量及胃组织中MDA含量,SOD、MPO、XOD和LDH活性;光镜下观察病理学改变和HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平.结果 与C组比较,IR、IPO和IPHC组血清LDH[再灌注后3 h:(6.68±0.11)、(3.93±0.07)、(2.92±0.08)U/ml]和CK[再灌注后3 h:(4.04±0.27)、(2.31±0.11)、(2.07±0.15)U/ml]活性升高、TNF-α[(再灌注后3 h:106.86±8.31)、(87.80±7.31)、(74.21±1.04)mg/ml]和IL-10[再灌注后3 h:(135.42±8.62)、(151.71±4.06)、(173.36±4.96)mg/m1]含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性降低、MPO和XOD活性及LDH活性和MDA含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);光镜可见部分胃黏膜肌层或胃黏膜与腺体间少量中性粒细胞浸润,或少许嗜酸性粒细胞浸润、偶见中性粒细胞浸润,间质血管扩张充血并黏膜深层少量出血或间质血管扩张充血和HIF-1α表达上调(P＜0.01).与IR组比较,IPO和IPHC组血清LDH和CK活性降低、TNF-α含量降低和IL-10含量升高(P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性升高、MPO和XOD活性及LDH活性和MDA含量降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);胃组织病理损伤减轻和HIF-1α表达下调(P＜0.01).与IPO组比较,IPHC组血清LDH活性明显降低、CK活性先降低后升高、TNF-α含量明显降低和IL-10含量升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),胃组织SOD活性明显升高、MPO活性明显降低、MDA含量于3 h升高、XOD活性于12 h后升高和LDH活性于3 h升高且12 h后降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),组织病理损伤减轻和HIF-1α表达下调(P＜0.01).结论 可以通过减少氧自由基的产生、中性粒细胞的浸润、炎症因子的释放和促进抗炎因子的产生及改善微循环功能和细胞能量代谢,有效减轻肢体缺血再灌注继发性胃缺血再灌注损伤.盐酸戊乙奎醚后处理的抗缺血再灌注损伤作用好于肢体缺血后处理.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effects of ischemic postconditioningand and penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion of lower limb in rats.Methods The model of limb ischemia reperfusion injury was used to perform this experiment.One hundred and forty four male Wistar rats weighing 220-250 g were randomly divided into 4 groups:group Ⅰ Control (C),group Ⅱ Ischemic Reperfusion(IR),group Ⅲ Ischemic postconditioning(IPO)and group Ⅳpenehyclidine hydrochloride(IPHC);C,IR,IPO and IPHC groups has been followed for 0(T0),1(T1),3(T3),6(T6),12(T12),or 24(T24)perfusion,all the groups were secondary separated into six subgroups as time point and each subgroup contained six rats,respectively.Blood samples from the inferior vena cava were taken for determineation of LDH,CK activities and TNF-α,IL-10 content at every time point of reperfusion;the animals were killed at every time point respectively and the gastric were removed for determineation of SOD,MPO,XOD and LDH activities,MDA content,and histologyical examination and the expression of HIF-1α was analyzed.Results Compared with group C,IR,IPO and IPHC,in serum LDH and CK activeities were increased,TNF-α and IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were increased and MDA content increased,while SOD activity decreased in group IR,IPO and IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01);and gastric tissue resulted in significant injury as evidenced by infiltrated of few neutrophils or eosinophils and rare neutrophils between the gastric mucosa or muscularis mucosa and the glands,interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia and small quantity hemorrhage from deep layers of mucosa or interstitial vascular dilation hyperemia,and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly increased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IR,IPO and IPHC in serum LDH and CK activeities,TNF-α content decreased while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.01);and in gastric tissue MDA content,MPO,XOD and LDH activeities were decreased,and SOD activity increased in group IPO and IPHC(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01);and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was significantly decreased(P ＜0.01).Compared with group IPO,IPHC,in serum LDH activeities were markably decreased,CK activeities were first increased and then declined,TNF-α content markaly declined while IL-10 content were increased(P ＜0.05 or P ＜0.01),and the histologyical injury were milder and the expression of HIF-1α was markably decreased(P＜0.01)and in gastric tissue SOD activity were markably increased,MPO activeities significantly decreased,MDA content increased at T3,XOD activeities increased after T12,LDH activeities increased at T3 and declined after T12 in group IPHC(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion The combination of ischemia postconditioning and postconditioning with penehyclidine hydrochloride can protect the gstric from ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by ischemia reperfusion of the lower limbs in rats,the main mechanism may be reducing post-ischemic oxidative damage,inflammatory reaction,amelio-rating microcirculatory and cellular energy metabolism et al.Additionally,this study found that the protective effects of penehyclldine hydrochloride on gastric injuryinducedbyischemiareperfusionof thelowerlimbs,werebetterthanischemic postconditioning,and the mechanism might be related to its anti-inflammatory effect,antioxidant action and prevention of cell injury et al.     

灵芝三萜抑制氧化应激对大鼠高脂性脂肪肝的防治作用

目的：探讨灵芝三萜抑制氧化应激防治大鼠高脂性脂肪肝的作用。方法：SD大鼠随机分为正常对照组,模型组,灵芝三萜低、中、高剂量组（GT-L、GT-M、GT-H组）和辛伐他汀组。用高脂饲料喂养建立大鼠高脂性脂肪肝模型。经12周给药后,分别测定各组血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）及肝组织中MDA,SOD,GSH-Px和T-AOC的含量;免疫印迹观察NOX2蛋白表达情况;光镜观察肝组织脂肪病变程度。结果：与模型组比较GT-M组、GTs-H组血清TC、TG、LDL含量均显著降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．011,GT-H组HDL含量显著增加（P〈0．05）;GT-M组、GT-H组肝匀浆中MDA含量较模型组相比均明显降低LP〈0．05或P〈0．01）,SOD,GSH-Px和总抗氧化能力水平较模型组相比均明显上升（P〈O．05或P〈0．01）。GT-H组可明显下调NOX2蛋白表达（P〈0．05）。GT-M组、GT-H组肝细胞脂肪变性程度明显减轻。结论：灵芝三萜能降低高脂性脂肪肝大鼠血脂水平,其对大鼠高脂性脂肪肝的防治作用可能与抑制氧化应激有关。     

电针对糖尿病胃轻瘫大鼠胃窦部INS及IR表达的影响

目的 观察电针“足三里”等穴对糖尿病胃轻瘫(diabetic gastroparesis,DGP)模型大鼠胰岛素及其受体表达的影响,探讨电针调整血糖、改善DGP胃肠动力的可能机制.方法 将50只SD大鼠随机分为5组,即空白对照组、DGP模型对照组、电针穴位组、电针非穴组、胃复安对照组,每组10只.造模组按55 mg/kg单次右下腹腔注射2％链脲佐菌素(STZ)联合高脂高糖不规律饮食建立DGP模型,连续喂养8周,每周用强生稳豪倍易型血糖仪及试纸测量血糖,尿糖试纸测量尿糖.电针穴位取大鼠“足三里”、“梁门”、“三阴交”,电针非穴组取大鼠“足三里”、“梁门”、“三阴交”的穴位对照点,胃复安对照组予1.7％胃复安药液(1 ml/100 g)灌胃.治疗结束后,以酚红为标志物,观察各组大鼠胃排空率及小肠移行率,以ELISA法检测胃窦部胰岛素(INS)及胰岛素受体(IR)的表达.结果 与空白对照组比较,模型组血糖水平、症状积分明显升高,胃排空率、小肠移行率、胃窦部INS、IR含量明显降低(R0.01);与模型组比较,电针穴位组血糖水平及症状积分明显降低,胃排空率及小肠移行率、胃窦组织INS及IR表达升高(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),与电针穴位组比较,电针非穴组、胃复安对照组症状积分升高、胃窦部INS、IR含量明显减少(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).结论 电针能降低DGP大鼠血糖,促进DGP大鼠胃肠动力,其作用机制可能与增加胃窦部INS及IR含量有关.     

金钗石斛水提物对糖尿病大鼠肾组织非酶糖基化及氧化的影响

目的 观察金钗石斛(Dendrobium nobil Lindl, DNL)水提物对糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)大鼠肾组织非酶糖基化和氧化应激的影响,探讨DNL对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用。方法 采用链脲佐菌素(streptozotocin, STZ)诱导DM大鼠模型,分为正常对照组(N组),糖尿病对照组(DM组),金钗石斛低(DNLL)、中(DNLM)、高(DNLH)剂量组和氨基胍(aminoguanidine, AG)对照组(AG组),给药12周。分别检测血糖、血尿素、肌酐、糖基化终末产物(advanced glycation end products, AGEs)、尿肌酐、24h尿白蛋白、血清及肾组织AGEs、肾组织总超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量。透射电镜观察肾组织超微结构变化。结果 DM组大鼠血糖、血尿素、24h尿白蛋白、血清及肾组织AGEs、肾组织MDA含量显著高于N组(P＜0.05);肌酐清除率、肾组织总SOD活性显著低于N组(P＜0.05);DM组大鼠系膜扩张明显异常,基底膜明显增厚。DNL明显降低DM大鼠血糖、血尿素、24h尿白蛋白、血清及肾组织AGEs、肾组织MDA含量(P＜0.05),明显增加肌酐清除率(P＜0.05)、增强肾组织总SOD活性(P＜0.05)、减轻肾系膜的扩张和基底膜的增厚。结论 DNL能降低血糖、抑制AGEs的形成、抑制氧化应激的发生,从而阻止或延缓糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy, DN)的发生发展。     

饱和氢气生理盐水对老龄大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的: 探讨饱和氢气生理盐水（hydrogen rich saline）对老龄大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤(RIRI)的影响并初步研究其相关机制。方法： 将30只20月龄SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、缺血再灌注组、肾缺血再灌注加氢气生理盐水干预组（H2组）,每组10只。大鼠肾缺血再灌注模型建立后,检测各组大鼠血清肌酐、尿素氮,肾组织中丙二醛含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力,血清8 羟基脱氧鸟苷（8-OHDG）水平,半胱氨酸天冬酸酶 3（Caspase-3）和血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）蛋白及mRNA水平并行HE染色光镜观察各组肾组织的变化。结果： 缺血再灌注组尿素氮、肌酐、丙二醛以及8-OHDG水平明显高于假手术组和H2组（P＜0.05）,而SOD含量明显低于H2组和假手术组（P＜0.01）。H2组肾组织病理改变较缺血再灌注组明显减轻。缺血再灌注组Caspase-3蛋白表达明显高于假手术组（P＜0.05）和H2组（P＜0.01）,H2组亦明显高于假手术组;而H2组HO-1 mRNA的表达明显高于另外两组（P＜0.01）。结论： 饱和氢气盐水通过抑制Caspase-3及促进HO-1的表达,从而对缺血再灌注引起的肾损伤起保护作用。老龄大鼠肾脏组织发生退行性改变,对缺血再灌注更敏感。     

不同产地岗梅根、茎的红外光谱研究

【目的】建立不同产地岗梅根、茎的红外光谱分析方法。【方法】以不同产地岗梅根、茎作为研究对象,采用KBr压片法制样测定,对其红外光谱、二阶导数谱进行分析研究。【结果】不同采收时间、不同产地岗梅根和岗梅茎样品的红外光谱图、二阶导数谱图显示出一定的差异性。【结论】与其他分析方法比较,该方法具有操作简单、速度快、效率高、无污染、无需复杂的前处理等优点,可提供大量整体信息,为岗梅药材的质量控制提供了新方法。     

氢水联合缺血后处理对大鼠小肠缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的观察氢水联合缺血后处理对大鼠小肠缺血再灌注引起的小肠及远隔脏器损伤的保护作用。方法将60只大鼠随机分为假手术组(SO组)、缺血再灌注组(IR组)、氢水组(HS组)、缺血后处理组(IP组)和氢水联合缺血后处理组(IP-HS组),每组12只。建立小肠缺血再灌注大鼠模型。再灌注2 h后采集各组大鼠静脉血及小肠、肝、肺组织,测定血清中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6、IL-10和内毒素水平,测定血清及小肠、肝和肺组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平及髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。Chiu 6级评分法观察肠黏膜损伤情况,细菌培养观察细菌移位率。结果 IR组、HS组、IP组和IP-HS组大鼠肠黏膜绒毛损伤评分显著高于SO组(P<0.05),HS组、IP组和IP-HS组大鼠肠黏膜绒毛损伤评分显著低于IR组(P<0.05);HS组、IP组和IP-HS组大鼠肠黏膜绒毛损伤评分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。SO组大鼠腹膜、肝、肺组织均无细菌移位,IR组、HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠肝脏与腹膜细菌移位率比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。IR组、HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10和内毒素水平显著高于SO组(P<0.05,P<0.01);HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6和内毒素水平显著低于IR组(P<0.05,P<0.01),IP-HS组大鼠血清中TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、内毒素水平显著低于HS组和IP组(P<0.05,P<0.01);HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清中IL-10水平明显高于IR组(P<0.05,P<0.01);IP-HS组大鼠血清中IL-10水平显著高于HS组和IP组(P<0.05)。IR组、HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中MPO活性和MDA水平显著高于SO组(P<0.05,P<0.01),HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中MPO活性和MDA水平显著低于IR组(P<0.05,P<0.01),IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中MPO活性和MDA水平显著低于HS组和IP组(P<0.05)。IR组、HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中SOD、CAT活性显著低于SO组(P<0.01),HS组、IP组、IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中SOD、CAT活性显著高于IR组(P<0.05,P<0.01),IP-HS组大鼠血清及小肠、肝、肺组织中SOD、CAT活性显著高于HS组和IP组(P<0.05)。结论氢水联合缺血后处理可以减轻大鼠小肠缺血再灌注损伤,其效果优于二者单独应用。     

茯苓复合提取物对2型糖尿病大鼠血糖和血脂水平的影响

目的：探讨茯苓复合提取物对2型糖尿病（T2DM）大鼠血糖、血脂水平和抗氧化能力的影响,并阐明其作用机制。方法：将65只SPF级SD雄性大鼠适应性喂养1周后,随机选取10只为对照组,其余大鼠采用高糖高脂喂养联合腹腔注射链脲佐菌素（STZ）30 mg·kg^-1建立T2DM大鼠模型,造模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组,二甲双胍组,低、中和高剂量茯苓复合提取物组。低、中和高剂量茯苓复合提取物组大鼠分别给予1.5、3.0和6.0 g·kg^-1茯苓复合提取物,对照组和模型组大鼠给予等体积双蒸水,连续4周。检测各组大鼠体质量和空腹血糖（FBG）水平,检测各组大鼠血清中胰岛素（INS）、胰高血糖素（GC）、甘油三酯（TG）、总胆固醇（TC）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和丙二醛（MDA）水平及超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,采用稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数（HOMA-IR）。结果：与对照组比较,模型组大鼠体质量明显降低（P<0.05）,FBG水平明显升高（P<0.05）,血清中GC、TG、TC、LDL-C和MDA水平及HOMA-IR均明显升高（P<0.05）,血清中INS和HDL-C水平及SOD活性均明显降低（P<0.05）。与模型组比较,低、中和高剂量茯苓复合提取物组大鼠体质量均明显升高（P<0.05）,FBG水平均明显降低（P<0.05）,血清中GC、TG、TC、LDL-C和MDA水平及HOMA-IR均明显降低（P<0.05）,血清中INS和HDL-C水平及SOD活性均明显升高（P<0.05）。结论：茯苓复合提取物具有降低T2DM大鼠FBG水平、调节脂代谢紊乱和抗氧化的作用,并可明显改善胰岛素抵抗。     

Effects of Simvastatin on adiponectin and endothelial function in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice

学长辅导计划是近年来高校学生管理部门?学生思政工作者共同探索?推出的大学生教育管理的有效模式?本文探讨了学长辅导计划的由来和意义,通过有目的地遴选培训一批高年级优秀学长,发挥学长对低年级学生的“传?帮?带”作用,鼓励学长们主动积极地去辅导低年级学生,帮助他们更快适应大学生活,顺利完成高中到大学的转变,融入到大学生活中去,使学校的教育管理模式得以创新,从而落实学长辅导制度,凸显辅导成效?     

参芍软肝汤抗大鼠肝纤维化的作用机制研究

目的 研究参芍软肝汤抗大鼠肝纤维化的作用及其机制.方法 选取Wistar雄性大鼠72只,正常喂养1周后分为对照组(n=12)和造模组(n=60),造模组采用40％四氯化碳(CCl4)橄榄油溶液腹腔皮下注射构建大鼠肝纤维化模型,造模成功后分为模型组(等量生理盐水灌胃)、阳性对照组(秋水仙碱0.154 mg·kg-1·d-1)、低剂量组(每100 g体质量2 mL,含参芍软肝汤生药0.23 g/mL)、中剂量组(每100 g体质量2 mL,含参芍软肝汤生药0.46 g/mL)及高剂量组(每100 g体质量2 mL,含参芍软肝汤生药0.69 g/mL)各12只,均治疗8周后观察大鼠的肝纤维化相关指标的差异.结果 对照组大鼠全部为0期标准,阳性对照组大鼠的肝组织纤维化程度显著优于模型组(P＜0.05),低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的大鼠肝组织纤维化程度逐渐减轻,高剂量组大鼠肝组织纤维化程度显著轻于模型组和低剂量组(P＜0.05).模型组大鼠的Ⅲ型前胶原(PC-Ⅲ)、层粘连蛋白(LN)、Ⅳ-C型胶原(Ⅳ-C)、透明质酸(HA)检测值均显著高于对照组大鼠(P＜0.05),阳性对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的PC-Ⅲ、LN、Ⅳ-C、HA检测值均显著低于模型组大鼠(P＜0.05).模型组大鼠的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)检测值均显著低于对照组大鼠(P＜0.05),模型组大鼠的血清丙二醛(MDA)水平显著高于对照组大鼠(P＜0.05);阳性对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的血清SOD检测值均显著高于模型组大鼠(P＜0.05),血清MDA水平显著低于模型组大鼠(P＜0.05).结论 参芍软肝汤能有效减轻大鼠肝纤维化程度,其作用机制为降低血清肝纤维化指标的水平,抑制过氧化物产生,减轻自由基对肝细胞的损伤作用.     

2型糖尿病患者血清脂联素与脂肪肝的相关性

目的:探讨2 型糖尿病患者血清脂联素与脂肪肝的相关性.方法:选择我院收治的2 型糖尿病合并非酒精性脂肪肝的患者30 例作为研究1 组,不合并非酒精性脂肪肝的糖尿病患者30 例作为研究2 组,并随机选取门诊体检健康志愿者30 例作为对照组.测定三组受检者血清脂联素(ADP)、甘油三酯(TG)、体重指数(BMI)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、胰岛素、空腹血糖以及胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-R).结果:①糖尿病患者血清脂联素水平较健康对照组明显降低(P＜0.05);研究1 组血清脂联素水平较研究2 组显著降低(P＜0.05).②研究1 组HDL 较研究2 组、对照组明显降低,TG、HOMA-R较研究2 组与对照组明显升高(P＜0.05)③血清脂联素与HDL 水平呈正相关,与TG 水平、HOMA-R呈负相关.结论:2 型糖尿病合并脂肪肝患者血清脂联素水平明显降低,血清脂联素与脂肪肝、胰岛素抵抗及脂代谢紊乱有关.     

丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠对高脂性脂肪肝大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化的影响

目的研究丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠对高脂性脂肪肝（HFL）大鼠肝脏脂质过氧化的影响,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法用高脂饲料诱发大鼠HFL模型,8周后将建模成功的大鼠随机分为模型组、丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠（大、小剂量组）和阳性药易善复（PPC）组,每组均给予高脂饲料及相应药物,正常对照组喂以基础饲料。连续给药6周后比较各组间肝指数、血脂、血清丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（ASL）活性和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）的含量;检测肝脂质、肝脏组织中SOD、MDA含量并进行肝脏病理学检查。结果丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠可显著降低HFL模型大鼠肝指数,降低血清和肝组织中TG、TC、MDA水平,降低血清LDL-C含量和ALT、AST活性;增加血清和肝组织中SOD活性及HDL-C含量,与模型组相比差异显著（P〈0.05或〈0.01）;并可明显减少肝细胞浆内脂滴分布的程度和炎症范围。结论丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠可通过改善肝功能及脂质代谢紊乱,减少肝中脂质沉积,减轻肝组织损伤,对高脂性脂肪肝有一定的治疗作用。     

北五味子多糖对高脂诱导非酒精性脂肪性肝病大鼠的降血脂作用及其抗氧化活性

目的：探讨北五味子多糖（SCP）对高脂饮食诱导非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）大鼠的降血脂作用及其抗氧化活性,为五味子的开发利用提供理论依据。方法：选择32只雄性Wistar大鼠,随机抽取16只作为正常对照组（灌胃给予双蒸水,给予普通饲料）和SCP组（灌胃给予50 mg·kg^-1SCP,给予普通饲料）,每组8只。其余16只大鼠以高脂饲料喂养4周,确定高脂血症成功后,将大鼠随机分为NAFLD组和NAFLD+SCP组（NAFLD+50 mg·kg^-1SCP）,给药12周后称大鼠体质量并计算肝指数;检测大鼠血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）水平,酶学法检测大鼠肝组织中TC和TG水平,TBA法检测大鼠血清和肝组织中丙二醛（MDA）水平,黄嘌呤氧化酶法检测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性,微量酶法检测肝组织中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平,HE染色观察大鼠肝组织病理形态表现。结果：与正常对照组比较,NAFLD组大鼠肝指数明显增加（P < 0.01）,血清中TC、TG、LDL-C、ALT和AST水平升高（P < 0.01）,肝组织中TG和TC水平升高（P < 0.01）,血清及肝组织中MDA水平升高（P < 0.01）、SOD活性降低（P < 0.01）,肝组织中GSH水平降低（P < 0.01）。与NAFLD组比较,NAFLD+SCP组大鼠体质量及肝脂数明显降低（P < 0.05）,血清中TC、TG及LDL-C水平以及肝组织中TC和TG水平降低（P < 0.01）,血清及肝组织中MDA水平降低（P<0.01）,SOD活性升高（P<0.01）,肝组织中GSH水平升高（P<0.01）。HE染色检测,NAFLD组大鼠肝小叶结构紊乱,出现明显的肝细胞脂肪变性;NAFLD+SCP组大鼠肝小叶内肝细胞脂肪变性明显减轻。结论：SCP对高脂饮食诱导的NAFLD大鼠血脂具有一定的调节作用,其作用机制可能与抗氧化应激有关。     

Effects of adiponectin on oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cardiac myocytes cultured with high glucose

Background  Diabetic cardiomyopathy is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Oxidative stress plays an important role in diabetic cardiomyopathy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of adiponectin on oxidative stress and apoptosis in human cardiac myocytes (HCM) cultured with high glucose. 

Methods  The cells were assigned to three group: control group, high glucose group and high glucose plus adiponectin group. After culture for 24, 48, 72 hours, oxidative stress was evaluated by detecting levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the supernatant of culture media. The expression of p66Shc and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Flow cytometry was designed to observe and detect cellular apoptosis.

Results  Our findings showed significant increase in MDA levels and decrease in SOD activity in the high glucose group compared with the control group (P <0.05). However, MDA levels were significantly decreased and SOD activity was significantly increased in the adiponectin group compared with those in the high-glucose group (P <0.05). The mRNA expression of HO-1 in the high glucose group was significantly increased in a time-dependent manner compared with that in the control group (P <0.05).  Adiponectin further increased the mRNA expression of HO-1 induced by high glucose in a time-dependent manner (P <0.05).The expression of p66Shc was significantly increased in high glucose group compared with that in the control group (P <0.05). Adiponectin significantly suppressed the upregulation of p66Shc induced by high glucose (P <0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was significantly increased in the high glucose group compared with that in the control group while the apoptotic rate in the adiponectin group was remarkably declined in comparison with that in the high glucose group．

Conclusion  Adiponectin reduces high glucose-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis and plays a protective role in myocardial cells by upregulating the HO-1 expression and downregulating p66Shc expression.

     

七氟烷和异氟烷对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤的影响

 【目的】探讨七氟烷和异氟烷预处理对大鼠肝脏缺血再灌注损伤(I/R)的保护作用及机制。【方法】96只SD大鼠随机分为假手术对照组(Sham)、肝脏缺血再灌注组(IR)、七氟烷预处理(Sev)和异氟烷预处理组(Iso),于肝脏缺血30min,再灌注30min、120min测各组大鼠血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量以及肝脏组织中谷胱甘肽(GSH)、丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。【结果】肝脏缺血再灌注后IR、Sev和Iso组血清ALT、AST和LDH含量均显著升高,肝组织SOD和GSH显著降低,而MDA明显升高,和Sham组相比有显著差异(P<0.01);Sev、Iso组和IR组比较,ALT、AST、LDH和MDA降低,而SOD和GSH显著升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中Sev组比Iso组效果更为明显(P<0.05或P<0.01)。【结论】七氟烷和异氟烷对肝脏缺血再灌注损伤有一定的保护作用,这可能与其抑制氧自由基生成,减少脂质过氧化有关。     

Effects of Simvastatin on adiponectin and endothelial function in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

Objective:To investigate the effects of simvastatin,a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A(HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor,on adiponectin and markers of endothelial function in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice at an early stage of atherosclerosis. Methods:Twenty-four 6-week old male apoE-deficient mice were randomly divided into two groups: control group(normal saline) and treatment group simvastatin(5 mg/(kg·d). Simvastatin was administered to treatment group mice by gavage and the same volume of normal salin...     

元宝枫油对一次性力竭运动大鼠氧化应激和炎症反应的影响

目的 探讨元宝枫油对一次性力竭运动大鼠氧化应激和炎症反应的影响,为元宝枫油用于预防运动损伤提供科学依据.方法 30只健康SD雄性大鼠根据体质量随机分为安静对照组(A组,正常饮食+每天生理盐水灌胃),力竭组(B组,正常饮食+每天生理盐水灌胃)和元宝枫油力竭组(C组,每天元宝枫油0.21 mL/kg灌胃),6周后进行一次性力竭游泳运动,测定大鼠血清中肌酸激酶(CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的活性及炎症因子白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的水平;测定肌肉匀浆中丙二醛(MDA)、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)水平及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)的活性.结果 力竭运动后,B组与A组相比,血清中CK、LDH水平及IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-10水平均显著升高(P＜0.05),IL-10/TNF-α比值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),大鼠腓肠肌中MDA水平显著升高(P＜0.05),GSH水平与GSH-PX活性显著下降(均P＜0.05),SOD活性与CAT活性差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);C组与B组相比,血清中CK、LDH水平及IL-1β、TNF-α显著下降(均P＜0.05),IL-10差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),IL-10/TNF-α比值显著上升(P＜0.05),腓肠肌中MDA水平明显下降(P＜0.05),GSH水平及SOD、CAT、GSH-PX活性均显著升高(均P＜0.05).结论 元宝枫油可明显减轻力竭运动引起的氧化应激和炎症反应,对骨骼肌具有保护作用.