不同炎痛喜康片的初步研究

本文研究了国内两家药厂生产的三种炎痛喜康片及自制控释片的溶出度和体内试验。采用转篮法测定了片剂的溶出度。结果表明:三种片剂30min的溶出量均在标示量的60%以上;自制控释片在pH1.2～7.4的介质中,经6h的溶出量达标示量的90%,且溶出缓慢均衡。对普通片与自制控释片选用家兔胃肠道刺激性试验,结果自制片的刺激性明显下降,给健康受试者交叉服用两种片剂,血药浓度测定所获数据用TRS-80微型机作隔室模型嵌合,求出了两种片剂在人体内的药动学参数。     

不同厂家替米沙坦制剂的体外溶出度比较

目的 比较不同厂家生产的替米沙坦片或胶囊在不同溶出介质中的体外溶出度。方法 按中国药典2010版采用紫外分光光度法,以1 000 mL不同溶液为溶出介质,转速50 r·min^-1,温度(37±0.5)℃,测定不同厂家的6个品种的替米沙坦片剂或胶囊的体外溶出度。结果 在pH 7.5磷酸盐缓冲液中,30 min的累积溶出量均超过标示量的85%;而在0.1 mol·L-1盐酸中,只有R片剂(Micardis)30 min的累积溶出量>80%,其中C和D在60 min的累积溶出量<30%,D片30 min的溶出度<10%。结论 各生产厂家应严格控制产品内在质量,保证临床用药安全有效。     

大川芎速释微丸体外溶出度测定

目的：对大川芎速释微丸中阿魏酸进行了溶出度测定,以考察其内在质量。方法：应用桨法,以高效液相色谱法测定大川芎速释微丸中阿魏酸的含量为指标,对大川芎速释微丸中阿魏酸进行了溶出度测定。结果：以蒸馏水为溶出介质,转速为75 r/min,经30min溶出度为标示量的85%以上;阿魏酸的线性范围为0.508～35.56μg/ml（r=0.998 8）,平均回收率为97.057%（RSD=2.04%）,3批样品溶出度相似。结论：所用方法灵敏、准确、快速,能有效监控本品质量。     

法莫替丁片的溶出度与生物利用度

作者采用溶出度自动测试系统测定了自制法莫替丁片的溶出度,15min平均累积溶出97.40±0.31％,与放置2年前的溶出度比较基本不变,且大大超过了美国药典ⅩⅩⅡ版收载法莫替丁片的溶出度,即30min不低于标示量75％的标准。6名志愿健康受试者分别     

甲巯咪唑片溶出度测定

目的 建立甲巯咪唑片溶出度测定方法.方法 采用紫外分光光度法,依照溶出度测定法第一法,以水为溶剂,转速为每分钟100转,溶出时间为30分钟,测定波长为252nm,限度为标示量的80%.结果 依法测定甲巯咪唑片3批,溶出量均不少于标示量的80%.结论 本法操作简便、结果可靠,可作为甲巯咪唑片的溶出度测定方法.     

HPLC法测定肺宝三效片中苯妥英钠的含量和体外溶出度

目的　建立测定肺宝三效片中主药苯妥英钠的含量和体外溶出度的高效液相色谱方法 ,以控制产品质量。方法　采用SinochromC1 8柱 ,以甲醇 -水 (5 7∶4 3,V V)为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 15nm ,流速为 1ml min,用苯巴比妥钠作内标物 ,以内标法定量 ;采用水为溶出介质 ,转速 10 0r min。结果　本法测定线性范围为 0 .0 0 6 0～ 0 .4 0 0 8mg L ,r =0 .9997,平均回收率为 99.6 % ,RSD为 1.3% ,苯妥英钠在 4 5min可溶出 6 0 %。结论　本法具有简便、快速、结果可靠等特点 ,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

紫外分光光度法测定左旋氧氟沙星片剂和胶囊的溶出度

目的：以盐酸溶液为溶出介质,用紫外分光光度法,对某药厂生产的左旋氧氟沙星片剂和胶囊进行溶出度考察。结果：左旋氧氟沙星在10～100μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率为99．83％(n=6)。左旋氧氟沙星片剂及胶囊剂在45min时的溶出量均不低于标示量的80％。结论：表明紫外分光光度法可作为左旋氧氟沙星片剂和胶囊的溶出度测定方法。     

依舒佳林缓释片释放度研究

目的针对依舒佳林(isehelium)缓释片进口药品注册标准中释放度检查项下存在的问题,用溶出度仪代替原标准方法中的崩解仪。方法尸溶出度仪中的小杯法,以盐酸溶液(6—1000)为介质,取样点为2、6和10h;检测方法为高效液相色谱法。在测定溶出曲线的基础上选定取样点。结果在2．6和10h的释放量分别达到标示量的10％～30％、40％～70％和70％以上。结论新方法与原方法比较,更能反映样品的溶出过程和溶出速率,方法重现性好,结果准确。     

用紫外分光光度法测定肌苷片溶出度

目的：研究制定肌苷片溶出度测定的方法。方法：采取转篮法，以0．01mol／LHCI溶液为介质，转速为50r／min，紫外分光光度法在248nm波长处测定吸收度。结果：30min时的溶出量不少于标示量的75％，在6.8～20．4mg/L范围内呈良好的线性关系，r=0．9999（n=7）。结论：紫外分光光度法准确可靠，能满足质量控制的要求。     

HPLC法测定盐酸左旋咪唑片的含量及溶出度

目的建立用高效液相色谱法测定盐酸左旋咪唑片的含量及溶出度的方法。方法采用反相高效液相色谱法,以Diamonsil C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,粒直径5μm)为固定相;0.05mol/L磷酸二氢钾-乙腈(80:20)为流动相;流速为1.0ml/min;检测波长为214nm;柱温:25℃。结果盐酸左旋咪唑在1～50μg/m(lr=0.9999)范围内呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率为99.6%(n=6),溶出量30min内大于标示量的80%。结论所建立的方法准确、可靠、重现性好,适用于盐酸左旋咪唑片的质量控制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.