电解液钙磷比对微弧氧化法制备含钙磷氧化物膜结构的影响

目的:探讨在不同钙磷比的电解液中,利用微弧氧化技术在纯钛表面形成含钙磷氧化物膜的组成。方法:根据电解液中钙磷浓度比的不同,将纯钛试件分成A、B、C和D共4组,采用微弧氧化技术对各个试件作处理,使用扫描电镜(SEM)观察试件的表面形貌和X射线能谱仪(EDS)对试件的表面氧化层进行成分分析。结果:微弧氧化处理后,纯钛表面生成微孔结构的氧化膜,表面沉积物的元素组成主要是Ti、O、Ca、P等。经相关系数分析,电解液的钙磷浓度比与氧化膜的Ca、P含量相关,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随电解液中Ca浓度的增加,表现为Ca和P元素的上升。除A组Ca/P比为1.26外,其它3组Ca/P比均在1.42～1.44之间。结论:利用微弧氧化技术能形成含钙磷的多孔氧化物薄膜,氧化物薄膜中钙磷含量与电解液中钙磷含量有关。     

处理时间对纯钛表面微弧氧化膜结构和特性的影响

目的研究不同处理时间对纯钛表面微弧氧化膜结构和特性的影响。方法根据处理时间将纯钛试件分成10、20、30和40 min共4组,通过微弧氧化技术制备纯钛表面氧化膜。使用扫描电镜(SEM)检测氧化膜的表面及横断面形貌,X射线能谱仪(EDS)检测氧化膜的元素成分,X射线衍射仪(XRD)检测氧化膜的晶相结构。结果微弧氧化处理后,钛表面形成微孔结构的氧化膜。10 min试样膜层厚度10μm,20 min、30 min和40 min试样的膜层厚度均达20μm。各处理时间组间的膜层Ca、P含量的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。微弧氧化膜的主要成分是金红石、锐钛矿和羟基磷灰石。结论利用微弧氧化技术在纯钛表面形成含羟基磷灰石的多孔氧化膜,在10⁴0 min处理时间内氧化膜的Ca、P含量与处理时间无关。     

纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的结构与成分分析

目的:探讨纯钛表面应用微弧氧化技术进行改性的效果。方法:应用微弧氧化技术在纯钛表面制备陶瓷膜层,并用扫描电镜(SEM)观察其表面和横断面形貌,X射线能谱(EDS)及X射线衍射(XRD)分析其元素成分和晶相结构。结果:微弧氧化处理后,纯钛表面生成微孔结构的氧化膜,膜层厚度约20μm,由O,Ti,Ca,P四种元素组成。膜层表面有火山丘状的微孔分布,直径约0.1μm-5μm。膜层由锐钛矿型和金红石型二氧化钛及少量结晶相羟基磷灰石组成。结论:经微弧氧化技术处理后,纯钛种植体表面生成了内层致密外层多孔的晶相二氧化钛膜,含有少量羟基磷灰石。此结论可供今后开发新型口腔种植材料参考。     

掺镁微弧氧化钛表面促进大鼠BMSCs成骨分化的研究

目的:探讨掺镁微弧氧化钛表面对大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)成骨分化活性的影响.方法:以含钙、磷电解液微弧氧化处理钛表面(MAO)为对照组,通过在电解液中加入不同浓度镁构建低镁(Mg-1)和高镁(Mg-2)含量微弧氧化处理钛表面;采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察表面相貌结构,X射线光电子能谱仪(EDS)分析材...     

微弧氧化法在纯钛表面生成含羟基磷灰石陶瓷膜的研究

目的：利用微弧氧化法在纯钛表面直接生成含羟基磷灰石的陶瓷膜。方法：通过微弧氧化技术,采用双相脉冲电源,以0．4mol／L醋酸钙和0．2mol／L磷酸二氢钠为电解液体系,设定脉冲频率为60Hz,正相电流密度为20A／dm^2,处理时间分别为5rain、10min、20min、30min、60min,在纯钛表面制备陶瓷膜。利用扫描电镜观察膜层的表面形貌,能谱仪分析氧化膜的元素组成,X射线衍射仪分析膜层的相组成,电涡流涂层测厚仪测量膜层的厚度。结果：以0．4mol／L醋酸钙和0．2mol／L磷酸二氢钠为电解液体系,经微弧氧化处理后,在纯钛表面形成含有Ti、O、Ca和P元素的微孔结构的氧化膜,该膜由锐钛矿型TiO2、金红石型TiO2及羟基磷灰石组成。随微弧氧化反应时间的延长,膜层增厚,膜层表面微孔孔径增大,数量减少,粗糙度增大。钛元素的相对含量减少,Ca、P元素相对含量增加,O元素变化不明显。钛、锐钛矿型TiO2和金红石型TiO2的衍射峰逐渐减弱,羟基磷灰石的衍射峰逐渐增强。结论：应用微弧氧化技术,以0．4mol／L醋酸钙和0．2mol／L磷酸二氢钠为电解液体系,在纯钛表面能直接生成含有羟基磷灰石成份的微孔结构的陶瓷膜。     

微弧氧化中不同浓度Na_2SiO_3溶液对钛-瓷结合强度的影响

目的:研究以不同浓度Na_2SiO_3溶液进行微弧氧化处理后对钛-瓷结合强度的影响,方法:在瓷粉烧结前,分别用3 种浓度的Na_2SiO_3溶液对纯钛片进行微弧氧化处理,瓷粉烧结后通过三点弯曲实验检测钛-瓷结合强度,并以扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDS)对膜层表面及钛-瓷界面进行分析.结果:三点弯曲实验结果显示微弧氧化各组钛-瓷结合强度均高于对照组,当Na_2SiO_3溶液浓度为20 g/L时钛-瓷结合强度明显高于30 g/L组和40 g/L组(P<0.05).EDS分析显示经微弧氧化处理后,钛表面生成含Si元素氧化膜,其含量随溶液浓度增加而升高.扫描电镜显示,随着溶液浓度增加,氧化膜表面孔洞直径增加,氧化膜变厚,致密性下降;钛-瓷结合界面出现微小裂隙.结论:微弧氧化处理可提高钛-瓷结合强度,微弧氧化溶液浓度对钛-瓷结合强度有影响.     

纯钛表面微弧氧化膜在模拟体液中的腐蚀行为

目的:研究在人工模拟体液中,纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的耐腐蚀性能。方法:在纯钛表面制备微弧氧化膜,利用扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、表面粗糙度轮廓仪和电化学方法,分别观察其形貌特点、晶相结构、表面粗糙度,并测定其极化曲线。采用SPSS11.0软件包进行单因素方差分析。结果:微弧氧化处理后,纯钛表面生成微孔结构的氧化膜,微孔似火山丘状,直径约0.1～5μm。X射线衍射分析表明,膜层中含有金红石型、锐钛矿型二氧化钛及少量羟基磷灰石。微弧氧化后,试样表面粗糙度增加,轮廓算术平均偏差值(Ra)分别为(0.358±0.063)μm和(2.493±0.107)μm,微观不平十点高度值(Rz)分别为(2.662±0.628)μm和(16.519±1.028)μm。电化学实验表明,微弧氧化处理前后试样的自腐蚀电位、自腐蚀电流密度分别为-0.358V、0.55μA/cm2和-0.255V、0.80μA/cm2。结论:经微弧氧化技术处理后,纯钛表面形成微孔结构的二氧化钛膜层,表面粗糙度增加。在模拟体液中,钛的耐腐蚀性能明显提高。     

纯钛表面微弧氧化膜的耐腐蚀性研究

目的：探讨微弧氧化处理前后纯钛耐腐蚀能力的变化。方法：用微弧氧化电源在4枚纯钛试件表面制备微弧氧化膜，4枚未经微弧氧化处理的纯钛试件作为对照组，利用扫描电子显微镜观察两组钛试件形貌特点，用X射线衍射仪测量微弧氧化膜的晶相结构，利用电化学方法在模拟体液中测定两组钛试件的极化曲线和交流阻抗。结果：微弧氧化处理后，纯钛表面生成微孔结构的氧化膜，有晶相二氧化钛和羟基磷灰石生成。电化学实验显示，微弧氧化处理前后钛试件的自腐蚀电位、自腐蚀电流密度分别为-0．358V、0．55μA／cm^2和-0．255V、0．80μA／cm^2。电化学阻抗谱证实拟合与实际测量结果一致。结论：经微弧氧化处理后，纯钛的耐腐蚀性明显提高。     

钛表面微弧氧化处理时间对成纤维细胞铺展行为的影响

目的:研究微弧氧化处理时间对细胞铺展行为的影响.方法:应用微弧氧化电源在纯钛表面制备微弧氧化膜,应用表面粗糙度轮廓仪检测不同处理时间膜层表面的粗糙度,利用扫描电镜观察膜层的形貌特点和细胞的铺展行为.采用SPSS11.5软件包对数据进行统计学分析.结果:在一定范围内,微弧氧化处理时间越长,纯钛表面生成的氧化膜中的微孔数量越少,孔径越大,粗糙度越大.与未经处理的纯钛试样相比,微弧氧化处理后膜层更有利于细胞的黏附和铺展,但不同处理时间的膜层对细胞的铺展行为无显著影响.结论:经微弧氧化技术处理后,钛表面的粗糙度明显提高,有利于细胞的黏附与铺展.     

纯钛表面应用微弧氧化法制备不同浓度锌涂层对成骨细胞生物学特性影响的研究

[摘要] 目的 研究应用微弧氧化法在纯钛表面制备不同浓度锌涂层对成骨细胞(MG63)生物学特性的影响。方法 在微弧氧化的电解液中加入一定浓度的钙和3种不同浓度的锌来处理纯钛片,制成低、中、高3种不同浓度的锌涂层,以钙不加锌作为对照组。通过扫描电镜、四甲基偶氮唑盐法(MTT)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和骨钙素(OC)的检测来分析不同浓度的锌涂层对MG63黏附、增殖和分化的影响。结果 MG63在钙加低锌组表面生长最好,黏附、增殖和分化明显好于其他组,中锌组优于高锌组。结论 应用微弧氧化法处理钛片,低浓度锌的加入可以促进MG63的生长,高浓度锌的加入则抑制MG63的生长。     

Characterization of surface films formed on titanium in electrolytic solutions

In order to understand the interface-phenomena between titanium and biological tissue, the surface film formed on titanium in electrolytic solutions was examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The composition of the surface film on titanium before immersion into solution is close to TiO2 and that of Ti-6 Al-4 V is a mixture of TiO2 and Al2O3. These surface films change to a complex phosphate of titanium and calcium containing hydroxyl radicals and hydrates when the specimens are immersed in an electrolytic solution. The compositions of the surface films of titanium and Ti-6 Al-4 V are almost the same except that the film on Ti-6 Al-4 V is thicker and contains more hydrates than that on titanium. Vanadium in Ti-6 Al-4 V, and sodium, chlorine, and sulfur in the solution are not responsible for the formation of the films.     

纯镁种植体超声微弧氧化-NaOH-硅烷-丝素改性的动物实验研究

目的:研究超声微弧氧化硅烷偶联丝素蛋白复合处理涂层对纯镁植入体骨整合与降解情况的影响。方法:将经过超声微弧氧化后的纯镁植入体NaOH处理,然后在其表面分别进行0.5 h及1.5 h的硅烷偶联丝素蛋白的复合处理,分别为组A、组B、组C,将其植入兔子下颌骨。结果:扫描电镜观察可见组C表面最为致密,血镁浓度显示经复合改性后血镁浓度变化较小,扭出实验显示各周组C＞组B＞组A,并具有统计学差异,HE染色和免疫组化及灰度值分析显示各周组C骨整合能力最强。结论:纯镁植入体经超声微弧氧化碱液(NaOH)处理及硅烷偶联丝素蛋白的复合改性后具有更理想的降解速率及更强的促进骨整合能力。     

Direction of amino acid adsorbed by surface film on titanium

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of the isoelectric point and residue of an amino acid on the adsorption of the amino acid by titanium in order to elucidate the adsorption of proteins by titanium. The direction of amino acid adsorbed by a titanium surface in an electrolytic solution was determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR-RAS). Apparently, the influence of amino acid on the composition and thickness of surface films on titanium is minimal if the film is formed in an electrolytic solution. The pH of the electrolytic solution and the residue of amino acids are responsible for the direction of the amino acid adsorbed by surface film formed on titanium in solution.     

Voltammetric study of the reduction and relaxation of poly(o-toluidine). Effect of the polymer thickness and the external electrolyte nature and concentration

The reduction and relaxation of poly(o-toluidine) (POT) was studied as a function of the wait time at different waiting potentials near the reduction potential of the polymer. The influence of the film thickness, the acid concentration, and the ionic strength of the external electrolytic solution on these processes were also studied. Two types of electrolytes were employed: perchloric and sulfuric acid. Both the reduction and the relaxation times depend on the proton concentration of the external electrolyte media and on the film thickness. They are independent of the ionic strength and, in a limited range, of the waiting potential. The voltammetric response of fully reduced and relaxed polymers shows that, at low sweep rates, the kinetics are controlled by slow ionic movements within the polymer. Experiments with medium exchange show that, once the polymer is fully reduced and relaxed, its state is independent of the composition and concentration of the electrolyte in which this particular state was obtained. Furthermore, they also show that the shape of the voltammetric oxidation profile depends exclusively on the composition and concentration of the electrolyte in which the polymer is being oxidized. This means that the effect of the solution composition and concentration is manifested only through the participation of protons and anions in the mechanism of oxidation of the polymer.     

金栀含漱液冲洗消毒根管的临床疗效观察

目的：评价金栀含漱液冲洗消毒根管的临床疗效。方法：选择需作根管治疗术患牙240个，随机分为两组，试验组和对照组各120个。试验组采用金栀2倍稀释液冲洗根管，浓缩液作为根管消毒药物。对照组采用15g／L氯亚明液冲洗根管，氢氧化钙药捻消毒根管。分别对患牙根管治疗的临床疗效、疗程及根管预备封药前后临床症状的变化进行评价。结果：金栀含漱液组与氢氧化钙组冲洗消毒根管的临床疗效无统计学差异。结论：金栀含漱液用于根管冲洗消毒有良好的临床疗效。     

Approximal caries depth assessment with storage phosphor versus film radiography. Evaluation of the caries-specific Oslo enhancement procedure

OBJECTIVES: To study whether caries-specific enhancement of storage phosphor images might improve the observer performance of approximal caries depth assessments compared with film radiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 120 exposures were made of 120 extracted human teeth. To obtain geometrically identical images, Ektaspeed Plus films and storage phosphor plates were exposed simultaneously. The imaging plates were scanned in a Digora scanner and the files transferred to a different platform for image enhancement. Nine observers viewed films and storage phosphor images without provisions for adjustment of image intensity and contrast. For each imaging modality, 240 approximal surfaces were rated for caries on a 5-point confidence scale. Definite and probable caries lesions were also rated for lesion depth, and all ratings were compared with the histological state. Diagnostic accuracy was expressed as the area under the ROC curve (A(z) value). Paired t tests were used to compare the imaging modalities for diagnostic accuracy and F tests to compare observer variances. RESULTS: Enhanced storage phosphor images demonstrated significantly higher mean A(z) values than film (p = 0.0066). Significantly higher mean A(z) values were demonstrated in the outer half of enamel (p = 0.01), but no significant differences were found between the modalities for caries lesions penetrating beyond the outer half of the enamel. The number of correctly diagnosed true-positive surfaces with caries in outer enamel was significantly higher with storage phosphor images than with film (p = 0.00014). False-positive surfaces were most frequently registered in the outer enamel with both modalities, but in this region the number of false-positive surfaces was significantly higher with storage phosphor images than with film (p = 0.0038). Pooled sensitivity and specificity values were 0.48/0.94 and 0.61/0.86 for film and storage phosphor images, respectively. The interobserver variability was significantly lower for storage phosphor images than for film. CONCLUSION: Enhancement of storage phosphor images with a caries-specific procedure significantly improved the accuracy of caries depth assessments in the outer half of the enamel compared with film radiography and reduced observer variability.     

活性钙离子液对离体牙超微形态的影响与细胞毒性评价

目的:研究活性钙离子液对离体牙牙釉质和牙骨质超微形态的影响以及对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞NIH3T3的细胞毒性,从而为其临床应用提供依据。方法:应用Quanta200FEG场发射扫描电镜检测钙离子液成分及含量;观察钙离子液作用于离体牙前后,牙釉质和牙骨质的超微形态;MTT比色法观察不同浓度钙离子液对小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞NIH3T3细胞生长的影响,计算细胞相对增殖率并进行细胞毒性分级。结果:钙离子液主要成分为钙、碳、氧、氯。通过扫描电镜观察,钙离子液浸泡离体牙后,牙釉质和牙骨质无变化。细胞毒性分级合格的钙离子液的最大浓度为0.344 mg/mL。结论:活性钙离子液能应用于口腔,但需选择适合的浓度。     

神经生长因子对兔下颌骨缺损愈合影响的实验研究

目的:局部应用神经生长因子(NGF)对兔下颌骨洞穿性骨缺损后新骨形成影响的研究。方法:12只成年日本大耳白兔,随机分成实验组和对照组,均在下颌骨体部制作15mm×8mm的单侧洞穿性骨缺损模型,实验组于缺损区植入明胶海绵为载体的神经生长因子,对照组植入明胶海绵为载体的生理盐水。每周抽取耳缘静脉血行血清钙、磷浓度测定,术后3,6周每组各处死3只分别行大体解剖观察、X线摄片、microCT检查、HE染色及mas-son三色染色分析,观察研究骨缺损区不同实验周期(3、6周)的缺损组织修复情况。结果:实验组与对照组在血清学,影像学及病理学均存在统计学差异。比较micro CT各项指标,显示实验组BMD、BV/TV、Tb.Th、Tb.N高于对照组,BS/BV、Tb.Sp则对照组较高,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。HE及masson染色提示实验组胶原及纤维高表达,大体观察及X线检查进一步证明以上结果。结论:以明胶海绵为载体的NGF明显促进骨缺损修复,具有良好的生物相容性和可操作性。     

低钙对微种植体骨结合影响的实验研究

目的 通过建立低钙动物模型来研究低钙状态对微种植体骨结合的影响.方法 将24只实验用健康哈白兔随机分为实验组和对照组,每组12只.实验组定量低钙饲料饲养,对照组正常饲料饲养,定期测量血清钙、镁、磷含量及骨密度值,当实验组骨密度值低于对照组后,进行统计学分析,差异有显著性,有统计学意义,即为低钙模型建立成功,即可进行微种植体的植入.植入后再分别将实验组和对照组随机分为A组：即刻加力组、B组：6周后加力组、C组：8周后加力组及D组：10周后加力组,以镍钛弹簧施力1.47N,于施力当天拍摄X线片,力值持续4周后进行标本制备、扫描电镜下观察.结果 实验组A组6枚种植体全部松动、脱落,种植失败;其余各组种植体在植入和施力后稳定性均良好,扫描电镜显示,对照组4组、实验组B、C、D三组均形成骨结合,且结合程度随时间的延长逐渐增强.结论 低钙实验组在微种植体植入后不可进行即刻加力,需等待＂二期负载＂,且随着＂无负载愈合期＂的延长,其骨结合程度增强,稳定性增强.     

低钙对微种植体骨结合影响的实验研究

目的 通过建立低钙动物模型来研究低钙状态对微种植体骨结合的影响.方法 将24只实验用健康哈白兔随机分为实验组和对照组,每组12只.实验组定量低钙饲料饲养,对照组正常饲料饲养,定期测量血清钙、镁、磷含量及骨密度值,当实验组骨密度值低于对照组后,进行统计学分析,差异有显著性,有统计学意义,即为低钙模型建立成功,即可进行微种植体的植入.植入后再分别将实验组和对照组随机分为A组:即刻加力组、B组:6周后加力组、C组:8周后加力组及D组:10周后加力组,以镍钛弹簧施力1.47N,于施力当天拍摄X线片,力值持续4周后进行标本制备、扫描电镜下观察.结果 实验组A组6枚种植体全部松动、脱落,种植失败;其余各组种植体在植入和施力后稳定性均良好,扫描电镜显示,对照组4组、实验组B、C、D三组均形成骨结合,且结合程度随时间的延长逐渐增强.结论 低钙实验组在微种植体植入后不可进行即刻加力,需等待"二期负载",且随着"无负载愈合期"的延长,其骨结合程度增强,稳定性增强.