紫杉醇或5-氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂同步放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床疗效

目的观察紫杉醇或5-氟尿嘧啶(5FU)联合顺铂同步放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的临床疗效和不良反应。方法回顾性分析80例经病理检查确诊的晚期食管癌,分为紫杉醇联合顺铂组(紫杉醇组)与5FU联合顺铂组(5FU组),均同步接受三维适形放射治疗,分析两组患者临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果紫杉醇组和5FU组治疗有效率分别为82.5%和77.5%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.647);两组1年生存率差异无统计学意义(P=0.809)。紫杉醇组恶心、呕吐的发生率为52.5%,显著低于5FU组的85%(P=0.026);紫杉醇组骨髓抑制发生率为72.5%,高于5FU组的40%(P=0.048);而肝功能损伤、肾功能损伤和放射性食管炎的发生率比较两组差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论紫杉醇联合顺铂的同步放化疗是治疗中晚期食管癌的有效方案,近期及远期疗效与5FU联合顺铂的同步放化疗方案相似,在减轻胃肠道反应方面显示出明显的优势,但其骨髓抑制发生率较高。     

紫杉醇联合顺铂、氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期食管癌疗效观察

2001年5月至2003年6月，我们用紫杉醇(PTX)联合顺铂(DDP)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)的TPF方案治疗晚期食管癌68例，取得了较满意的疗效。现报告如下。     

紫杉醇脂质体联合奥沙利铂、5-氟尿嘧啶治疗晚期食管癌的疗效

食管癌是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,由于其早期诊断困难,一般患者在出现进食梗阻等症状时才来医院就诊,然而此时多数已达中晚期,延误最佳治疗时机〔1〕。在食管癌常用的化疗方案中,顺铂(DPP)与5-氟尿嘧啶(5-Fu)组成的PF方案是对食管癌有效的一线方案〔2〕,对食管癌治疗的有效率约为50%～60%。但对于应用PF方案后的失败病例和复发病例,目前补救方案较少,有效率也不高,因此深入探索更为有效的化疗方案,对于提高晚期食管癌的治疗疗效尤为关键。本文采用紫杉     

紫杉醇联合顺铂加三维适形放疗同步治疗中晚期食管癌疗效观察

目的探讨紫杉醇联合顺铂加三维适形放疗(3DCRT)同步治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效及毒副反应。方法将45例初治无远处转移的中晚期食管癌患者随机分组,22例列入3DCRT+化疗(放化疗组),23例列入3DCRT组(单纯放疗组)。两组放疗均全程应用3DCRT,2 Gy/次,1次/d,5次/w,食管癌原发病灶总剂量60～70 Gy。放化疗组放疗第1天开始给予紫杉醇联合顺铂化疗,每3周为一个化疗周期,共化疗2～3个周期。结果放化疗组近期有效率(CR+PR)为90.9%,单纯放疗组为65.2%,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。1、2、3年生存率放化疗组分别为63.6%、50%、36.4%,单纯放疗组为47.8%、36.4%、8.6%,两组差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。放化疗组毒副反应大于单纯放疗组,但患者均能耐受。结论紫杉醇联合顺铂加三维适形放疗同步治疗中晚期食管癌的近期疗效确切,且可以提高远期生存率,但毒副反应增加(患者均可以耐受)。     

紫杉醇、奈达铂联合放疗治疗食管癌的临床疗效观察

目的探究食管癌患者应用紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗的临床疗效。方法将100例患者随机分为两组,对照组(n=50)给予单纯放射治疗,治疗组(n=50)给予紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗。结果治疗组完全缓解12例、部分缓解20例,有效率为64.0%,对照组完全缓解8例、部分缓解15例、有效率为46.0%,组间数据比较,治疗组明显高于对照组(P0.05);治疗组、对照组患者1年后KPS评分60分者分别为92.0%vs 80.0%(P0.05)。治疗组PFS(11.0±1.5)个月,显著优于对照组的(9.0±1.3)个月(P0.05)。治疗组1年后患者转移率为6.0%,明显低于对照组的16.0%(P0.05)。治疗组肝肾功能损害、放射性食管炎与对照组相当,无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗组骨髓抑制、脱发、恶心、呕吐发生率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者不良反应均可耐受,不影响生活质量和疾病进展时间。结论食管癌患者应用紫杉醇联合奈达铂同步放化疗,治疗效果明显,副反应可耐受,可提高患者生存时间及中位无病生存期,降低了肿瘤转移的发生,值得被临床应用。     

替吉奥或氟尿嘧啶联合顺铂治疗晚期食管癌疗效和安全性的比较

目的:观察替吉奥(S-1)联合顺铂(cisplatin,DDP)方案(S-1+DDP,SP方案)治疗晚期食管癌的疗效及安全性.方法:57例入组患者被随机分为2组,观察组28例采用替吉奥加顺铂治疗,替吉奥100mg/d[体表面积(body surface area,BSA)<1.5m2者]或120 mg/d(BSA>1.5 m2者),2次/d于早晚餐后顿服,连服14 d后停药7 d;DDP 75mg/m2,静脉滴注d1-3.对照组29例采用氟尿嘧啶(flurouracil,5-FU)联合顺铂(FP方案)治疗,亚叶酸钙(leucovorin,LV)200 mg/m2,静脉滴注d1-5,5-FU 600 mg/m2,连续静滴d1-5;DDP75 mg/m2,静脉滴注d1-3.以上化疗方案21 d为1个周期,每2个周期评价疗效.观察并比较临床疗效、不良反应、疾病进展时间(time to progression,TTP)及生存期(overall survival,OS)等指标.结果:观察组和对照组总有效率=完全缓解(complete remission,CR)+部分缓解(partial r e m i s s i o n,P R),分别为55.6%和27.6%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05).临床获益率[CR+PR+疾病稳定(stable disease,SD)]分别为81.5%和55.2%,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05).不良反应方面观察组血小板减少及肝功能损害的发生率高于对照组,两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05),恶心呕吐、口腔黏膜炎及手足综合征等不良反应差异均无统计学意义.中位无疾病进展生存时间观察组和对照组分别为7 mo和6 mo;中位生存时间两组分别为12 mo和9 mo,差异均有显著性(P<0.05).结论:替吉奥联合顺铂治疗晚期食管癌可显著提高近期疗效和延长生存期,不良反应可耐受,可替代标准FP方案成为治疗晚期食管癌的首选.     

顺铂联合放疗治疗中晚期食管癌49例临床观察

目的探讨顺铂联合放疗治疗中晚期食管癌的疗效及安全性。方法将98例中晚期食管癌患者随机分为观察组和对照组各49例,两组均予^60Co体外照射或6mV X线照射,在此基础上观察组予顺铂静滴。观察两组临床症状改善情况、白细胞减少率、肿瘤消退率、肿瘤消退时照射野总剂量（DT）及3a生存率、复发率及转移率。结果观察组进食梗阻消失率、胸背疼痛消失率显著高于对照组,白细胞减少发生率显著低于对照组;照射野DT为40Gy时观察组肿瘤消退率显著高于对照组（P均〈0．05）;肿瘤消退时观察组和对照组照射野DT分别为52、62Gy,化疗增敏比为1．19;观察组3a生存率显著高于对照组,复发率及转移率显著低于对照组,P均〈0．05。结论顺铂联合放疗治疗中晚期食管癌可提高患者生存率,防治复发和远处转移,且不良反应小;远期疗效有待于进一步研究。     

5-氟脲嘧啶与小剂量顺铂增敏配合放疗治疗中晚期食管癌疗效观察

1998-2000年我们共收治中晚期食管癌164例，因无手术机会而寻求姑息放疗，考虑到其中多数病例肿瘤体积较大，为配合治疗，提高放射敏感性，随机将病人分成两组进行对照观察，来研究联合方法在中晚期食管癌治疗中的疗效。     

三维适形放疗联合多西紫杉醇、顺铂化疗治疗老年中晚期食管癌患者80例

目前,放射治疗是临床治疗中晚期食管癌的主要手段,但其疗效并不十分理想,患者的5年生存率大多在8%左右〔1〕,放疗失败的主要原因为残存原发部位肿瘤,其次为肿瘤远处转移〔2〕。近年研究发现,单纯采用放疗约80%患者的病灶不能     

紫杉醇联合洛铂或顺铂治疗晚期老年卵巢癌的疗效和安全性

目的 评价洛铂(LBP)联合紫杉醇(PTX)与顺铂(DDP)联合PTX治疗老年卵巢癌的临床疗效和不良反应.方法 收集晚期老年卵巢癌患者60例,随机给予TL、TP方案,每组30例.TL组:PTX 135 mg/m2,第一日静点;LBP 50 mg/m2,第二日静点;TP组:PTX 135 mg/m2,第一日静点;DDP 25 mg/m2,第1～3日静点,21 d重复.3个周期后进行疗效评价,每周评价毒性反应.结果 ①TL、TP组有效率(RR)同为76.7％,疾病控制率(DCR)为83.3％、86.7％,两组无统计学差异(均P＞0.05).②随访5～12个月,TL组:中位生存期(MST)为8.2个月,疾病缓解时间(DRT)为3.9个月;TP组:MST为8.4个月,DRT为3.7个月,组间无统计学差异(均P＞0.05).③TL组近期毒副反应:骨髓抑制Ⅲ～Ⅳ度占13.3％,血红蛋白和血小板下降分别占40％(12/30)、47％(14/30),消化道反应27％(8/30),未发现肝肾功能损害.TP组:骨髓抑制Ⅲ～Ⅳ度占3.3％,消化道反应57％ (17/30),血红蛋白和血小板下降分别为30％ (9/30)、40％ (12/30),发现轻微肝肾功能损害.两组间骨髓抑制无显著性差异(P＞0.05),消化道反应比较有显著性差异(x2=5.55,P=0.018).结论 TL和TP方案均为治疗晚期老年卵巢癌的有效方案,TL方案治疗老年晚期卵巢癌消化道反应轻,因此安全性更高.     

紫杉醇联合卡铂治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌23例近期疗效和安全性分析

目的 观察紫杉醇联合卡铂(PCb)方案治疗老年晚期非小细胞肺癌的近期疗效和安全性. 方法 45例晚期非小细胞肺癌患者分为老年组(23例)和非老年组(22例),老年组采用PCb方案化疗,非老年组采用紫杉醇+顺铂方案(PC)化疗,2周期后评价疗效和安全性.并随访患者的总生存时间(OS)和无进展生存时间(PFS). 结果 老年组和非老年组的有效率分别为39.1％和22.7％,2组差别无统计学意义(P＞0.05),主要不良反应为血液学毒性,2组间无统计学差异(P＞0.05).非老年组的胃肠道不良反应更重一些,2组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),2组的OS和PFS无统计学差异(P＞0.05). 结论 对于KPS评分≥70分的老年病人,紫杉醇联合卡铂方案疗效肯定,毒性可耐受,安全性良好.     

紫杉醇联合铂类药物治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的临床研究

目的评价紫杉醇联合铂类药物对晚期非小细胞肺癌的客观疗效及毒副作用。方法经病理组织学证实的晚期非小细胞肺癌59例,采用紫杉醇135mg／m^2,静脉滴注,第1天,顺铂80mg／m^2,分3d给药,第2～4天,或卡铂350mg／m^2。静脉滴注,第2天,21天为1个周期,2个周期以上评价疗效及毒副作用。结果全组PR24例,SD23例,PD12例,总有效率为40.7％。主要毒副作用为恶心,呕吐、骨髓抑制、关节肌肉痛等。大部分为Ⅰ～Ⅱ度不良反应,患者耐受良好。结论紫杉醇联合铂类方案是1种对晚期非小细胞肺癌有效的治疗方案,毒副作用轻,值得临床进一步研究应用。     

Hypofractionated radiotherapy with concurrent 5-fluorouracil radiosensitisation for recurrent or locally advanced colorectal cancer A phase II study

In a pilot study we treated 19 patients suffering from recurrent or locally advanced inoperable colorectal cancer, with concurrent hypofractionated radiotherapy (4 – 5 Gy/fraction, 2 fractions per week) and 5-Fluorouracil bolus, 1 hour before RT at doses of 300 mg/m². For 16 patients treated with radical intent the Normalised Total Dose for α/β = 10 Gy ranged between 56 – 74 Gy (median 62 Gy). The schedule used was very well tolerated. Moderate grade II haematological toxicity was observed in 11% of cases and diarrhoea grade II/III resulting in 2 – 4 weeks treatment delay was observed in 26% of cases. One case with bowel perforation and one with painful subcutaneous fibrosis was observed during 12 – 27 months of follow-up. Out of 16 patients treated with radical intent 4 (25%) showed complete response and the overall response rate was 56% (9/16). The one year symptom free survival was obtained in 11/16 (69%) radically treated patients. It is concluded that hypofractionated radiochemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil for recurrent or locally advanced colorectal cancer is an effective regimen and has acceptable acute and late toxicity. Further investigation is required.

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Résumé. Dans un projet pilote, nous avons traité 19 patients souffrant d'un cancer colo-rectal récidivant ou localement avancé inopérable par l'administration simultanée d'une radiothérapie hypofractionnée (4 – 5 Gy/fraction à raison de 2 fractions par semaine) et bolus de 5-Fluorouracil à la dose de 300 mg/m² une heure avant la radiothérapie. Chez 16 patients traités dans un but radical, la dose totale normalisée a été de 56 – 74 Gy (moyenne 62 Gy). Le schéma utilisé a été particulièrement bien toléré. Une toxicité hématologique modérée de grade II a été observée chez 11% des patients et une diarrhée de grade II/III entra?nant un délai dans le traitement de 2 à 4 semaines a été observée chez 26% des patients. Une perforation intestinale et une fibrose sous-cutanée douloureuse ont été observées au cours de la période postopératoire de 12 à 27 mois. Quatre des 16 patients traités à des fins curatives (25%) ont montré une résponse complète et une réponse globale a été observée chez 56% des patients (9/16). Une survie sans sympt?mes à un an a été obtenue chez 11 des 16 patients (69%). On conclut que l'assocation de 5-Fluorouracil et d'une radiothérapie hypofractionnée constitue un schéma thérapeutique effectif en cas de cancer colorectal récidivant ou localement avancé avec une toxicité aigu? et tardive acceptable. Des investigations complémentaires sont nécessaires.

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Accepted: 20 June 1996     

吉西他滨联合放疗治疗老年中晚期宫颈癌患者的临床研究

目的探讨吉西他滨联合放疗治疗老年中晚期宫颈癌患者的临床效果。方法选取2016年12月至2018年8月本院收治老年中晚期宫颈癌患者84例,按照随机、对照原则将其分为单纯放疗组和联合放疗组,其中联合放疗组在单纯放疗的基础上联合吉西他滨,对两组患者近期疗效、远期疗效和不良反应发生情况进行评估分析。结果两组患者经过治疗其肿瘤均得到有效控制,其中单纯放疗组患者总治疗有效率为67.6%,低于联合放疗组(87.2%)(χ2=4.756,P=0.029);联合放疗组患者生存率(89.4%和59.5%,χ2=10.204,P=0.001)、无局部复发率(83.0%和54.1%,χ2=8.286,P=0.004)、无远处转移生存率(83.0%和56.8%,χ2=6.975,P=0.008)均高于单纯放疗组;联合放疗组患者白细胞减少发生率高于单纯放疗组(38.3%和13.5%,χ2=8.396,P=0.011)。结论采用放疗联合吉西他滨治疗老年中晚期宫颈癌,可有效增强对患者癌变组织的控制效果,提高患者远期生存率,降低肿瘤局部复发风险。     

Long-term results of paclitaxel plus cisplatin with concurrent radiotherapy for loco-regional esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

AIM To evaluate the long-term effectiveness and late toxicities of paclitaxel(PTX) plus cisplatin(DDP) with concurrent radiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.METHODS Between 2008 and 2011, 76 patients were enrolled in a phase Ⅱ study on the treatment of loco-regionally advanced esophageal cancer with radiotherapy(68.4 Gy/44 fractions or 61.2 Gy/34 fractions) combined with 4-cycle chemotherapy consisting of DDP(25 mg/m~2 per day for 3 d) and PTX(175 mg/m~2 for 3 h). The primary endpoints were overall survival and progression-free survival, and the secondary endpoints were toxicity and the treatment failure pattern.RESULTS A total of 76 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 63.2% finished the whole regimen. The 5-year survival rates for the per-protocol population and intent-to-treat population were 25.4% and 26.4%, respectively, and the median survival rates were 23.7 mo and 28.5 mo, respectively. Grade 3 or 4 late toxicity was observed in only one patient(heart failure). In log-rank analysis, the pretreatment stage(stage Ⅱ + Ⅲ: 36.1 mo vs stage Ⅳ: 14.9 mo) and the completed cycle(1-3 cycles: 16.1 mo vs 4 cycles: 35.5 mo) were significant prognostic factors(P = 0.037 0.05 and P = 0.013 0.05).CONCLUSION Radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy consisting of PTX and DDP is a safe and effective definitive treatment for loco-regionally advanced esophageal squamous cancer.     

5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗对晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效观察

目的观察5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗对晚期胃癌患者的临床疗效。方法选择我院24例晚期胃癌患者,使用5-氟尿嘧啶500 mg静脉持续泵入12 h d1-21,4周1个疗程,3～9个疗程后,对接受至少3个疗程的患者进行疗效评价。结果 24例患者随访8～24个月,3例部分缓解(12.5%),9例病情稳定(37.5%),无1例患者完全缓解,12例患者病情进展(50.0%),疾病控制率为50.0%。治疗有效患者的中位疾病进展时间(TTP)为3.2个月。结论 5-氟尿嘧啶节律性化疗可以有效控制老年晚期胃癌患者的病情进展,不良反应少且轻。     

Phase I study of paclitaxel and cisplatin for patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The present phase I study was planned to define the toxicities, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetics of the combination of paclitaxel and cisplatin in patients with advanced or recurrent gastric cancer, and to recommend a dose for the phase II study. METHODOLOGY: Patients were required to have performance status of 0 to 1, to be between 15 and 74 years of age, and to have adequate organ function. The cisplatin was administered at a fixed dose of 25mg/m2 and paclitaxel was administered at four dose levels (60, 70, 80, and 90mg/m2). Plasma sampling was performed to characterize the pharmacokinetics and pharacodynamics of paclitaxel. RESULTS: All of the 15 patients entered were assessable for toxicity and response and were subject to analysis of dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and MTD. Neutropenia (grade 4, for 3 days or more; n=2) indicated DLT at dose level 4 (90mg/m2). The MTD for this regimen was 90mg/m2/week of paclitaxel for 3 weeks. Tumor response occurred in 7 of the 15 patients and the overall response rate was 57.1%. The pharmacokinetic profiles of paclitaxel were similar to those observed after the administration of each dose as a single agent. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that the level 3 dosage (80mg/m2 of paclitaxel and 25mg/m2 of cisplatin) is recommended for this combination chemotherapy. This phase I study showed favorable antitumor activity and fewer adverse reactions relative to other types of chemotherapy.     

Definitive chemoradiotherapy with docetaxel,cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF-R) for advanced cervical esophageal cancer

Background

Recently, definitive chemoradiotherapy (dCRT) has become one of the essential treatment strategies for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and has been especially gaining prevalence for cervical ESCC to preserve the larynx. Our department recently introduced dCRT concomitant with docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil (DCF-R) for treating advanced cervical ESCC. This study aims to assess the safety and outcomes of DCF-R in patients with advanced cervical ESCC.

Methods

We retrospectively assessed 11 patients with advanced cervical ESCC (clinical stage: II–IV, including T4b and/or M1 lymph node) who received DCF-R as the first-line treatment between December 2010 and February 2015.

Results

Our patient cohort comprised 8 males and 3 females (median age 68 years; range 54–76 years). The pretreatment clinical stage included stage II (1), stage III (7), and stage IV (3) cases [including 3 patients with T4b (2 trachea and 1 thyroid) and 3 patients with M1 lymph node]. We attained complete response (CR) in 10 patients and stable disease in 1 patient. Of 10 patients with CR, 5 experienced recurrence and 5 continued exhibiting CR. Furthermore, grade 3 or more adverse events included leucopenia (91%), neutropenia (91%), febrile neutropenia (45%), and pharyngeal pain (55%). While the 2-year overall survival rate was 72%, the 2-year recurrent-free survival rate was 64%, respectively.

Conclusions

DCF-R treatment for advanced cervical esophageal cancer could be completed by the careful administration; although a strong blood toxicity might occur, this treatment may provide the chance to obtain favorable prognosis with larynx preservation.

     

5-fluorouracil continuous infusion combined with cisplatin for advanced pancreatic cancer: a Japanese Cooperative Study

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The prognosis of patients with advanced pancreatic cancer is extremely poor. To improve their prognosis, providing effective chemotherapy is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-tumor activity and toxicity of combined chemotherapy (FP therapy) using 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin in Japanese chemo-naive patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. METHODOLOGY: Thirty-seven previously untreated patients with histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma were treated with FP therapy. 5-fluorouracil was administered at 500 mg/m2/day by continuous intravenous infusion for 5 days and cisplatin was administered at 80 mg/m2 intravenously on the 1st day. Therapy was repeated every 4 weeks until there was evidence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. RESULTS: Three patients achieved partial responses, whereas none exhibited a complete response. The overall response rate was 8% (95% confidence interval, 2-22%) and the response durations were 6, 9 and 12 months, respectively. The median survival time of patients was 5 months. Toxicities were generally mild and acceptable, although nausea/vomiting was the most commonly observed toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: FP therapy on this schedule had limited anti-tumor activity for pancreatic cancer, indicating that, practically, it should not be performed in Japanese patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.