酶试剂用于细菌性阴道病的快速检测

2003-07～2003-12我们应用美国crybus公司所生产的细菌性阴道病快速检测试剂盒对我院门诊128例进行了检测，效果良好，结果准确，现总结如下。     

幽门螺杆菌根除治疗前、后指尖血抗体的检测和意义

目的：探讨幽门螺杆菌(HP)根除治疗前、后，采用金标渗滤法(金标法)检测指尖血中微量HP抗体的结果及意义。方法：80例经胃镜快速尿素6试验呈强阳性反应者，随机分治疗组(50例)，给予质子泵抑制剂(PPI)三联二周治疗；对照组(30例)，给予PPI、胃康U非抗菌治疗四周；并于治疗前三天及停药后四周，分别用金标法检测HP抗体。结果：治疗前检测HP抗体结果两组均呈强阳性反应；疗程结束后复查HP抗体：治疗组46例呈阴性反应，4例呈阳性反应，HP根除率为92％(46/50)；对照组呈强阳性反应26例，阳性反应4例，HP未被根除。金标法抗体检测治疗前两组之间无差异；治疗后复查HP根除效果则显著差异。结论：提示金标法对HP根除的疗效观察敏感、特异性高，具有临床参考意义。     

即时检验血糖仪检测指尖毛细血管血及抗凝静脉全血的对比分析

选取我院2012年7月~2013年8月收治的56例糖尿病患者,采取其指尖毛细血管血及抗凝静脉全血分别应用快速血糖仪进行检测,对比分析两者血液血糖检测结果。结果运用即时检验血糖仪检测指尖毛细血管血及抗凝静脉全血,其血糖检测值之间比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。指尖毛细血管血及抗凝静脉全血在即时检验血糖仪中的检测结果无明显的差距,临床上对糖尿病患者进行检测时可以根据患者的具体情况给予合适的方法。     

阴道分泌物常规检测与五联检试剂检测的对比分析

妇科阴道分泌物常规检测(俗称白带常规)是判断女性泌尿生殖道健康水平的一项重要医学检查项目.白带常规中的项目主要有白细胞、线索细胞、假丝酵母菌和滴虫等.临床上白带常规一直采取显微镜镜检,近年来,对白带常规进行五联检试剂检测,检测指标包括过氧化氢、白细胞酯酶、唾液酸苷酶、脯氨酸氨基肽酶、乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶、pH.     

液体单试剂检测血氨方法的建立

目的配制液体单试剂，建立酶两点动力法测定血浆中血氨含量。方法在荷兰威图科学公司DPU-41型半自动生化仪和美国贝克曼公司CX5-CE型全自动生化仪上研究酶两点动力法，建立实验参数。结果试剂含量：三乙醇胺缓冲液（pH7．4）0．25mol／L，α-酮戊二酸15mmol／L，还原型辅酶0．3mmol／L，谷氨酸脱氢酶大于160U／L。该法最低检出限为1．9μmol／L，线性范围达321μmol／L（r=0．9961），批内CV=2．2％，批间CV=4．4％，平均回收率=99．3％，胆红素〈175．8μmol／L，血红蛋白〈3．4g／L，对测定结果无显著影响。结论本法灵敏度高，线性、精密度好，结果准确，胆红素、血红蛋白干扰小，操作简便，适用于全自动及半自动生化分析仪，可推广运用。     

基于微型光谱仪多指标干试剂急诊快速检测的应用研究

目的探讨多指标干试剂应用于微型光谱仪的可行性。方法将配制的多指标液体试剂用不同的程序冻干于检测杯中,封存。加入标本和稀释液后,经磁力搅拌、加热10min后,用微型光谱仪同步检测吸光度值,并进行性能的评价。结果各指标线性范围、准确性及精密度均基本达到检测要求,抗干扰性能良好。各指标测定结果与干化学分析仪Vitros-250具有良好的相关性(r≥0.97)。结论多指标干试剂在微型光谱仪上的测定应用结果准确可靠,检测过程简便,能够进一步为急救便携式生化分析仪的研发奠定基础。     

HIV的检测技术及其进展

<正>获得性免疫缺陷综合症(AIDS)简称艾滋病,是由人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)引起的。艾滋病在我国的流行已经进入快速增长期,预防和控制艾滋病已经刻不容缓。目前,HIV血清学诊断仍然是AIDS早期诊断的主要依据[1],因此建立特异、敏感、实用的检测方法用于监测、诊断或血液筛查,控制艾滋病的流行显得最为重要。自1985年第1代HIV抗体检测试剂问世至今,HIV的实验室检测技术已得到了日新月异的发展。     

两种IgG抗体快速检测试剂的应用

目的 :比较聚凝胺试剂及不完全抗体快速检测试剂。方法 :应用台湾聚凝胺试剂及广州血液中心血型研究室提供的不完全抗体快速检测试剂检测临床常规送检的交叉配血标本 1 2 0例及产前检查标本30例的 Ig G抗体。结果 :1 2 0例交叉配血标本中 ,二种方法均能检出 3例自身抗体 ;产前检查的不完全抗体筛选试验中 ,两种方法均检测出 1例冷抗体 ;不完全抗体快速检测试剂较聚凝胺试剂测定的 Ig G抗体效价高于或等于一个稀释度。结论 :聚凝胺试剂及不完全抗体快速检测试剂在交叉配血和不完全抗体筛选试验中 ,敏感性均较抗人球蛋白法高 ,且快速简便 ,不完全抗体快速检测试剂较聚凝胺试剂更为快速简便 ,更加适合急诊及大量标本的检测     

血培养中念珠菌的快速检测进展

摘要： 真菌血症后果严重,死亡率高。临床上迫切需要早期、快速、准确的诊断方法。血培养作为诊断真菌血症的金标准,其快速检测关系到真菌血症的治疗成败,是临床关注的热点之一。     

A comparison of four commercial test kits for detection of cytomegalovirus antibodies in blood donors

Four commercial test kits for detecting cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibodies (indirect hemagglutination assay, indirect fluorescent antibody technique, enzyme immunoassay, and passive latex agglutination technique) were compared according to their technical demand, hands-on time, turnaround time, concordance with other techniques, reagent cost per test, and objectivity. The indirect hemagglutination assay, the enzyme immunoassay, and the passive latex agglutination technique produced identical results in 85 donors, detecting 63 positive and 22 negative samples. The indirect fluorescent antibody technique showed discrepant results in four samples. The passive latex agglutination technique rated best overall since it was technically the easiest and required the least hands-on and turnaround times; the short turnaround time (10 minutes) rendered the latex technique a more flexible test for blood bank use because both scheduled and emergency CMV screening of donors could be accommodated. The comparatively high reagent cost of the latex test kit could be offset by savings on technologist time.     

Laboratory evaluation of rapid test kits to detect hepatitis C antibody for use in predonation screening in emergency settings

BACKGROUND: Emergency whole blood transfusion is a lifesaving procedure employed on modern battlefields. Rapid device tests (RDTs) are frequently used to mitigate transfusion‐transmitted infection risks. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: A limited evaluation of the RDT formerly used on battlefields was performed using 50 donor plasma samples and commercially available panels. Five hepatitis C virus (HCV) RDTs with sufficient stated sensitivity and thermostability were assessed using 335 HCV‐positive and 339 HCV‐negative donor plasma samples, 54 seroconversion panel plasma samples, and 84 HCV‐positive and 84 HCV‐negative spiked whole blood under normal, hot, and cold storage conditions and normal and hot test conditions, plus an ease‐of‐use survey. RESULTS: BioRapid HCV test sensitivity on donor plasma was 84% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70.9%‐92.8%). Using all positive plasma samples, OraQuick HCV sensitivity exceeded all comparators (99.4%, 95% CI, 98.0%‐99.9%, p < 0.05). Specificity was consistently high, led by OraQuick HCV at 99.7% (95% CI, 98.6%‐100%), statistically superior only to Axiom HCV (p < 0.05). Using seroconversion panels, only OraQuick HCV showed equivalent or earlier HCV detection compared to the gold standard. Using spiked whole blood, specificity was consistently high, and sensitivity ranged significantly from 34.5% (95% CI, 25.0%‐45.1%) for CORE HCV to 98.8% (95% CI, 94.3%‐99.9%) for OraQuick HCV. All comparator RDTs were significantly less sensitive than OraQuick HCV at one or more stress condition. CONCLUSION: This HCV RDT comparison identified significant sensitivity differences, particularly using whole blood under extreme storage and testing conditions. These data support OraQuick HCV superiority and illustrate the value of RDT evaluation under simulated field conditions.     

A survey of the demographics of blood use

Epidemiological information was obtained by a series of questions to experts in the field of epidemiology of transfusion from the United States, England, Australia and Denmark. Although it became clear that the methods for collecting the data had differed between the countries, useful information was obtained for all questions. The data highlighted some major differences between the countries: the incident rate for red cell transfusion varied from 44.7 to 54.1 units, for platelets from 2.0 to 6.0 units and for plasma from 4.8 to 13.8 units transfused per 1000 population per year. Age and sex distribution of transfused patients was similar in all countries. Most of the red cell products are transfused to older recipients, and the distribution between men and women is approximately equal. The distribution for platelets is over a wider age range, and the difference between men and women is marked, with men predominating in all countries. The distribution for plasma is also directed to the elderly, and there is a predominance of men. The relationship between the disease or surgical procedure and the use of blood products was similar between countries. The use of red cells in cardiovascular surgery predominated. Neoplasms and digestive disorders were also prevalent. Neoplasms, including those relating to haematology, were the main use for platelets, but cardiovascular surgery was also important. In all countries, plasma is largely used in cardiovascular surgery. Two countries provided data relating to the number of units per transfusion episode including information relating to massive transfusion. In Australia, red cell use of >or=50 units per episode was largely associated with multiple traumas. In Denmark, it was associated with gastrointestinal bleeding and various medical requests.     

Causes of false-positive HIV rapid diagnostic test results

HIV rapid diagnostic tests have enabled widespread implementation of HIV programs in resource-limited settings. If the tests used in the diagnostic algorithm are susceptible to the same cause for false positivity, a false-positive diagnosis may result in devastating consequences. In resource-limited settings, the lack of routine confirmatory testing, compounded by incorrect interpretation of weak positive test lines and use of tie-breaker algorithms, can leave a false-positive diagnosis undetected. We propose that heightened CD5⁺ and early B-lymphocyte response polyclonal cross-reactivity are a major cause of HIV false positivity in certain settings; thus, test performance may vary significantly in different geographical areas and populations. There is an urgent need for policy makers to recognize that HIV rapid diagnostic tests are screening tests and mandate confirmatory testing before reporting an HIV-positive result. In addition, weak positive results should not be recognized as valid except in the screening of blood donors.     

A survey investigation of UK physiotherapists’ use of online search engines for continuing professional development

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to discover the frequency and type of use of online resources for continuing professional development displayed by physiotherapists in the UK. Therapists’ skills, needs and frustrations using these resources were explored. With the relatively recent release and saturated use of the internet the potential presence of a skills gap between therapists at different stages of their career was also investigated.

Design

National online survey study.

Setting

The online survey was carried out using the international online service ‘Survey Monkey’.

Participants

774 physiotherapists from students to band 8c completed the survey.

Interventions

The online survey was advertised through Frontline, the Interactive Chartered Society of Physiotherapy, Journal of Physiotherapy Pain Association and cascade email through research and other networks.

Results

Most physiotherapists reported using the internet for professional purposes daily (40%) or 2 to 4 times a week (37%), with only 8% of respondents using it less than once a week. Overall the results suggest band 6 and 7 physiotherapists had the least skills and most frustrations when using online search engines.

Conclusions

History and the nature of rapid technological advancement, specifically of the internet, appears to have created a generational skills gap within the largest group of the physiotherapy workforce band 6 and 7 therapists. Students, band 5 and band 8a therapists appear to most successfully use online resources and the reasons for this are explored.