槲皮素联合survivin反义核苷酸对肝癌SMMC7721/ADM细胞MDR的逆转作用

目的 探讨槲皮素与survivin反义核苷酸(ASODN)联合应用对肝癌SMMC7721/ADM细胞多药耐药(MDR)的逆转作用.方法 选择肝癌敏感细胞株SMMC7721和MDR细胞株SMMC7721/阿霉素(ADM),观察其对四种不同化疗药物的耐药性及槲皮素、survivin反义核苷酸(ASODN)对SMMC7721/ADM细胞MDR的逆转效果.结果 槲皮素和ASODN联合时较两者单独应用时能显著降低四种化疗药物对SMMC7721/ADM细胞的半数抑制浓度(IC50) (P<0.05).槲皮素单独应用及联合ASODN时均能明显降低SMMC7721/ADM细胞的多药耐药基因1(MDR1)mRNA及p170和多药耐药相关蛋白基因(MRP)mRNA及p190的表达(P均<0.05). 结论 槲皮素与ASODN联合能明显逆转SMMC7721/ADM细胞对四种化疗药物的耐药性.槲皮素可能通过抑制MDR1 mRNA和MRP mRNA的表达使p170和p190的合成减少而发挥耐药逆转作用,ASODN不能通过该途径发挥作用.     

姜黄素对人肝癌耐药细胞株Bel7402/5-FU多药耐药性的逆转作用

目的:探讨姜黄素对人肝癌耐药细胞株Bel7402/5-FU多药耐药性的逆转作用及可能的作用机制.方法:采用氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil,5-FU)药物浓度梯度递增法诱导建立肝癌耐药细胞亚系Bel7402/5-FU;MTT法检测人肝癌细胞株Bel7402及其耐药细胞株Bel7402/5-FU对6种化疗药物以及姜黄素的敏感性;Western blot法检测Bel7402细胞、Bel7402/5-FU细胞及经过0、5、10、20mg/L姜黄素作用后的Bel7402/5FU细胞中多药耐药相关蛋白1(MRP1)、肺耐药相关蛋白(LRP)、P-糖蛋白(P-gp)、程序化死亡因子5(PDCD5)蛋白的表达水平.结果:Bel7402/5-FU细胞对6种化疗药物表现出交叉耐药性,其中对5-FU耐药指数最高;与Bel7402细胞相比,Bel7402/5-FU细胞中的MRP1、LRP、P-gp蛋白表达升高,PDCD5蛋白表达降低;随姜黄素浓度的升高,Bel7402/5FU细胞中MRP1、LRP、P-gp蛋白表达逐渐降低,PDCD5蛋白表达逐渐增高.结论:姜黄素具有逆转肝癌细胞多药耐药性的作用,可能与下调多药耐药相关蛋白MRP1、LRP、P-gp,上调凋亡相关蛋白PDCD5表达有关.     

多药耐药基因反义寡核苷酸逆转肝癌细胞耐药的研究

目的 观察反义硫代磷酸酯寡核昔酸(AsODN)联合逆转耐药肝癌细胞多药耐药基因1(MDR1)和多药耐药相关蛋白基因(MRP)的作用。 方法 用人工合成互补于MDR1基因及MRP基因的反义20聚硫代磷酸寡核苷酸,以脂质体作载体,转染入耐阿霉素(ADM)肝癌细胞SMMC-7721/ADM,四甲基偶氮唑蓝法测定细胞对化学疗法药物的敏感性,流式细胞仪分析细胞相对荧光强度,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜测定细胞内Rhdaming123(Rh123)及柔红霉素(DNR)潴留以反映蛋白质p170和p190功能。 结果 ASODN/MDR1 MRP联合转染SMMC-7721/ADM细胞,能更大程度增加细胞对ADM(47.8倍)和DNR(21.6倍)的敏感性。ASODN/MDR1 MRP联合转染SMMC-7721/ADM细胞,与单独任一种ASODN转染相比,对p170或p190表达的抑制并不增加(q值分别为3.23、3.24,P>0.05)。 结论 针对MDR1 MRP的ASODN联合转染SMMC-7721/ADM细胞,能更大程度逆转肝癌细胞的耐药性。     

环孢素A逆转肿瘤多药耐药的临床观察

多药耐药（MDR）是恶性肿瘤化疗失败的原因之一,临床许多病人在经历了最初有效的化疗之后,最终仍难免于复发,此时再使用曾有效的药物或从未用过的药物,均不见疗效.其主要原因是肿瘤细胞对化疗产生了耐药性,多药耐药基因（MDR1）呈高表达.因此,逆转肿瘤细胞的耐受性是提高肿瘤化疗疗效的关键.国内外许多基础研究表明,很多药物可用来逆转肿瘤细胞的MDR.我们自2002年起用RT-PCR法检测MDR1表达,用免疫调节剂环孢素A口服逆转肿瘤MDR取得良好效果.     

X射线诱导肝癌多药耐药细胞模型生物学特性的实验研究

目前，药物介入性治疗是肝癌的重要临床处理手段，但肿瘤细胞多药耐药（MDR）严重限制了疗效。因此研究肝癌MDR细胞生物学特性，能够为肿瘤MDR逆转方法的探讨提供理论依据，对于改善肝癌的治疗有着积极意义。本实验采用X射线诱导建立人肝癌HepG2耐药细胞模型并对其生物学特性进行研究。[第一段]     

RNA干扰对胃癌耐药细胞MDR1及P-gP表达的影响

目的 寻找逆转胃癌细胞多药耐药的有效方法.方法 根据多药耐药基因1(MDR1)的基因序列,设计并体外转录合成2条siRNA,用脂质体转染将其导入人胃癌多药耐药BGC-823细胞内.应用MTT法检测转染后癌细胞生长增殖情况及对阿霉素(ADM)的敏感性,流式细胞仪检测细胞膜表面P-糖蛋白(P-gp)表达和细胞内Rh123的潴留情况.结果 转染sh-MDR1-1和sh-MDR1-2后,BGC-823细胞对ADM的IC50均降低,敏感性提高;BGC-823细胞MDR1 mRNA和P-gP表达均显著降低,细胞内Rh123稳态积累量均明显增高;上述效果均以转染sh-MDR1-1序列为著.结论 sh-MDR1-1特异性siRNA可抑制BGC-823细胞MDR1表达,此为寻找逆转胃癌细胞多药耐药有效方法奠定了基础.     

多药耐药基因的表观遗传调控与消化系肿瘤

消化系统恶性肿瘤细胞多药耐药基因过度表达p-糖蛋白，降低细胞内药物浓度，产生多药耐药是化疗失败的重要原因，MDR1的转录表达受多种因素的影响，其中表观遗传调控为肿瘤分子治疗提供新思路，MDR1基因甲基化和RNA干扰可通过转录抑制而逆转多药耐药性。     

三氧化二砷逆转肝癌细胞株HepG2/ADM多药耐药的作用

目的:探讨三氧化二砷(As2O3)体外逆转人肝癌细胞多药耐药性的作用及机制．方法:MTT法检测As2O3的细胞毒作用和处理前后耐药细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,用流式细胞仪检测细胞内阿霉素浓度,通过RT-RCR检测MDR1基因的表达．结果:As2O3在0．25 mg／L剂量以下时对HepG2和HepG2／ADM耐药细胞株的抑制率均小于15％,半数抑制率(IC50)分别为1．02和1．34 mg／L,无细胞毒剂量0．2 mg/L的As2O3能部分逆转HepG2／ADM细胞对阿霉素、顺铂(CDDP)、丝裂霉素(MMC)、5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU)的耐药性,逆转倍数分别为2．92,3．09,2．13,2．60倍．同时无细胞毒剂量0．2 mg／L的As2O3能使HepG2／ADM细胞内阿霉素浓度明显增加,MDR1表达下降．结论:As2O3具有体外逆转人肝癌细胞多药耐药性的作用,可能与下调MDR1表达、增加细胞内药物积累有关．     

多药耐药相关蛋白与非小细胞肺癌关系的研究进展

多药耐药相关蛋白（MRP）是非细胞肺癌（NSCLC）产生化疗耐药的原因之一,通过转运谷胱甘肽-x复合物与参与胞质囊泡运输抗癌药物,泵出细胞予以解毒。MRP在NSCLC中的表达与化疗敏感及预后有着密切的关系。多药耐药的逆转是目前研究的热点。     

缺氧诱导胃癌多药耐药的机制研究

目的研究缺氧对化疗药物敏感性的影响及药物转运蛋白和凋亡相关蛋白的变化,探讨缺氧条件下胃癌细胞发生多药耐药的机制。方法通过MTT比色法检测胃癌细胞SGC7901在缺氧和常氧状态下对化疗药物敏感性的差异;利用Annexin V/PI染色法检测缺氧对化疗药物诱导的凋亡的影响;利用阿霉素的蓄积和潴留实验检测缺氧与常氧条件下胃癌细胞SGC7901阿霉素的潴留和蓄积的差异;利用Western blot和RT-PCR方法检测不同时间缺氧处理胃癌细胞SGC7901中药物转运蛋白p-gp和MRP的变化以及凋亡相关分子Bcl-2和Bax的变化。结果缺氧能够显著降低胃癌细胞对化疗药物的敏感性,并能够降低化疗药物诱导的凋亡和药物在细胞内的潴留和蓄积;缺氧能够显著上调MDR1和MRP1基因的表达以及增加其产物p-gp和MRP的蛋白水平;缺氧能够显著增加抗凋亡分子Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白水平以及降低促凋亡分子Bax的表达。结论缺氧加剧胃癌细胞的多药耐药表型,其主要是通过上调药物转运蛋白的表达及增加抗凋亡分子Bcl-2/Bax的比例实现的。     

全反式维甲酸联合维生素D3对肺癌原代细胞化疗敏感性的影响

目的探讨全反式维甲酸(ATRA)联用维生素D3(VD3)逆转肺癌细胞多药耐药、提高肺癌细胞化疗敏感性的机制。方法将ATRA、VD3联合作用于培养后的人肺癌原代细胞,观察肺癌原代细胞对顺铂化疗的敏感性及多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)、肺耐药蛋白(LRP)的表达水平。结果人肺癌原代细胞MRP、LRP呈高表达;ATRA及VD3作用后肺腺癌原代细胞MRP、LRP表达量明显降低,肺鳞癌MRP、LRP的表达量无明显变化;顺铂化疗的敏感性提高。结论MRP、LRP在肺癌尤其非小细胞肺癌中高表达,可反映肿瘤细胞多药耐药性;ATRA或VD3可下调肺腺癌MRP、LRP基因的表达水平,提高肺腺癌的化疗敏感性;但对肺鳞癌MRP、LRP基因表达水平无明显影响;ATRA和VD3联用有协同作用。     

The clinical response to somatostatin analogues in acromegaly correlates to the somatostatin receptor subtype 2a protein expression of the adenoma

Objective Reduced expression of the somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (SSTR2) has been suggested as an explanation for the poor response to octreotide in acromegaly, but studies correlating levels of SSTR2 mRNA to octreotide efficacy have been contradictory. Some studies have found better responses to somatostatin analogues in G‐protein α subunit (Gsα) mutation (gsp oncogene)‐positive adenomas. The aim of this study was to determine adenoma SSTR2a protein expression and gsp status in a large group of patients with acromegaly, and relate this to the clinical effect of octreotide. Patients Seventy‐one patients were included. All underwent transsphenoidal surgery, 23 patients after preoperative octreotide treatment. Measurements The adenoma SSTR2a expression was examined by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis, and gsp status determined. An acute octreotide test was performed, and the change in IGF‐1 level after 6 months preoperative octreotide treatment was recorded. Results The acute octreotide response in non‐pretreated patients and the preoperative long‐term octreotide response were significantly better in patients with adenomas containing a large proportion of cells that stained positively for SSTR2a by immunohistochemistry. However, the SSTR2a protein level assessed by Western blot did not correlate with the octreotide response. The preoperatively treated group had lower SSTR2a protein levels and fewer adenomas with a large percentage of positively stained cells. The gsp oncogene was detected in 43% of the adenomas but did not correlate to the octreotide response. Conclusion The clinical effect of octreotide correlates with the proportion of cells positive for SSTR2a in immunohistochemical staining, rather than the adenoma SSTR2a protein level. There may be a down‐regulation of SSTR2a during octreotide treatment.     

Modulation of doxorubicin sensitivity by cyclosporine A in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and their doxorubicin-resistant sublines

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cyclosporine A (Cys) and verapamil (Ver) sensitize multidrug-resistant (MDR) cells to various anticancer drugs by interacting with membrane glycoproteins involved in the drug efflux. In the present study, we assessed the effect of Cys on the modulation of doxorubicin (DOR) sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines, and their DOR-resistant sublines. METHODS: The sensitivity to DOR and the chemosensitizing effects of Cys were assessed by using two human HCC cell lines, PLC/PRF/5 and Hep-3B, and their DOR-resistant sublines, PLC/DOR and 3B/DOR. The expression of multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) mRNA in these cells were detected by using a RT-PCR. The HCC cell lines grown in individual wells of 24-well plates were incubated with DOR that were sequentially diluted in culture medium in combination with 5 micromol/L Cys for 24 h. The cell viability in each well was measured by using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS: The mRNA of MDR1 and that of MRP were readily detectable in the HCC cell lines by RT-PCR. When 5 micromol/L Cys was added to the culture, the 50% inhibiting concentration (IC50) of DOR was reduced from 0.93 +/- 0.29 microg/mL to 0.32 +/- 0.10 microg/mL in PLC/PRF/5, and from 0.25 +/- 0.07 microg/mL to 0.09 +/- 0.04 microg/mL in Hep-3B. Furthermore, in the presence of 5 micromol/L Cys, the IC50 of DOR was reduced from 48.63 +/- 17.04 microg/mL to 0.49 +/- 0.14 microg/mL in PLC/DOR, and from 4.60 +/- 1.22 microg/mL to 0.15 +/- 0.06 microg/mL in 3B/DOR. The amounts of PCR products of MDR1 mRNA in PLC/DOR and 3B/DOR were greater than those in PLC/PRF/5 and Hep-3B, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In HCC, the amplification of MDR1 mRNA is probably the main mechanism underlying acquired DOR resistance. Cyclosporine is also indicated to be highly active in potentiating the anticancer activity of DOR in HCC cells and their DOR-resistant sublines.     

人肝癌细胞株线粒体DNA缺失对多药耐药表型的影响

目的:探讨人肝癌细胞株mtDNA缺失对肿瘤MDR表型的影响.方法:采用MTT方法检测细胞药物敏感性,免疫组化方法检测P-gp,MRP表达.对比分析SK-Hep1细胞和rhooSK-Hep1细胞药物敏感性和P-gp,MRP表达的差异.结果:阿霉素(ADR)、顺铂CDDP对SK-Hep1细胞的12,24,36,48h抑制率分别为56%,61%,72%,75%和54%,60%,77%,81%,而对rhooSK-Hep1细胞的抑制率分别为10%,18%,20%,22%和19%,20.4%,21.3%,22.5%.SK-Hep1与rhooSK-Hep1细胞比较,药物敏感性显著降低(P<0.01).较之于SK-Hep1细胞,rhooSK-Hep1细胞P-gp,MRP表达明显增加(37%vs20%,P<0.01;33%vs18%,P<0.01).结论:mtDNA缺失的肿瘤细胞对化疗药物有显著抗性,P-gp,MRP表达增加可能是其MDR表型产生的重要原因.     

Impact of gsp oncogene on the expression of genes coding for Gsalpha, Pit-1, Gi2alpha, and somatostatin receptor 2 in human somatotroph adenomas: involvement in octreotide sensitivity.

The impact of the gsp oncogene on the expression of genes engaged in the somatotroph cell phenotype remains poorly understood in human somatotroph adenomas. As the gsp oncogene is associated with an increased octreotide (somatostatin agonist) sensitivity, a group of 8 somatotroph adenomas bearing the gsp mutation (gsp+) and another group of 16 adenomas without the mutation (gsp-) were analyzed, all of them presenting variable octreotide sensitivities. The expressions of genes encoding for G(s)alpha, Pit-1, G(i2)alpha, and SSTR2, involved in the regulation of secretory activity in somatotroph cells, were assessed by Northern blot. A decreased expression of the G(s)alpha gene was found in gsp + tumors, suggesting the existence of a negative feedback of the oncogenic protein upon its own messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA). In contrast, G(i2)alpha, Pit-1, and GH messengers were not significantly different in the groups. A positive correlation between the in vitro and in vivo GH octreotide-induced secretory inhibition and the expression of SSTR2 mRNA was found. However, the expression of the gene for SSTR2 appeared not to be different between gsp + and gsp-, even when the octreotide sensitivity was significantly higher in the adenomas carrying the mutation. Interestingly, the SSTR2 gene expression was significantly correlated to those of G(i2)alpha and Pit-1. In the same way, the G(s)alpha mRNA expression was positively correlated with those of Gi2alpha and Pit-1. Such correlations strongly suggest a concerted dysregulation of the expression of these genes in both categories of adenomas. The loss of the octreotide sensitivity represents one aspect of the dysregulation process that partially results from the decreased SSTR2 expression. However, the improvement of the sensitivity associated with the presence of the gsp oncogene seems to proceed in a way different from SSTR2 expression.