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目的:探讨单次亚麻醉剂量氯胺酮对全髋关节置换术患者术后早期认知功能、焦虑及抑郁情绪的影响。方法:选择符合标准的患者50例,采用抛掷硬币的方法进行分组,观察组26例、对照组24例,两组患者均采用相同的麻醉方法,麻醉诱导结束后观察组静脉推注盐酸氯胺酮0.5mg/kg,对照组给予等量的0.9%氯化钠注射液,认知功能采用简易精神状态量表( MMSE)评价,情绪反应采用医院焦虑抑郁量表评价。结果:两组患者手术时间、麻醉时间、术中失血量相似,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。手术前1d,两组患者MMSE、HAD-A、HAD-D评分相似,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05);手术后24h、48h、72h观察组MMSE均高于对照组,手术后24h、48h观察组HAD-A、HAD-D总分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05)。手术后24h、48h观察组术后认知功能障碍发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义( P<0.05);手术后72h两组术后认知功能障碍发生率相似,差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。结论:全髋关节置换术患者应用单次亚麻醉剂量氯胺酮,能有效降低术后早期认知功能障碍发生率,减轻术后焦虑、抑郁。 相似文献
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目的 :探讨亚麻醉剂量艾司氯胺酮对老年患者无痛纤支镜中血流动力学的影响。方法 :选取2021年11月―2022年5月在我院进行无痛纤支镜检查的老年患者100例,采用随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组。试验组先给予0.15 mg/kg盐酸艾司氯胺酮静推,对照组则先给予等容积的生理盐水静推,随后两组患者均再给予丙泊酚与瑞芬太尼靶控输注(TCI)进行麻醉诱导与维持,待患者意识消失,脑电双频指数(BIS)值<60时置入喉罩并连接麻醉机进行机械通气,术中维持BIS值40~60。观察两组患者不同时间点血流动力学的变化及术中丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼时间标准化用量、不良反应发生率、血管活性药物的使用率、麻醉时间及术后苏醒指标监测评分的差异。结果 :两组在插喉罩前(T1)、检查中(T2)、苏醒时(T3)收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)较麻醉诱导前(T0)均降低;试验组在T1、T2、T3时刻SBP和DBP较对照组同时刻均增加;对照组在T1、T2时刻的HR均低于T0时刻,试验组T1时刻的HR低于T0,T2时刻的HR略高于T0时刻,至苏醒期,两组的HR均高于T0时刻;两组在T1、T2、T3时刻SpO2较T0时刻均... 相似文献
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目的:探讨帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛对老年全髋关节置换术患者术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的影响.方法:60例择期行全髋关节置换术的老年患者随机分为A组和B组,每组30例,其中A组患者于手术结束前40min静脉注射40mg帕瑞昔布钠进行超前镇痛,B组患者不加用镇痛药物.记录并比较两组患者术后2h、4h、12h、24h、48h的VAS评分,记录并比较两组患者术前1d,术后1d、3d的MMSE评分,以及比较两组患者POCD的发生率.结果:A组患者术后4h、12h、24h的VAS评分均明显低于B组患者(P<0.05).两组患者术前MMSE评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者术后1d的MMSE评分均明显低于术前(P<0.05),B组术后3d的MMSE评分明显低于术前,且明显低于A组术后3d(P<0.05).同时,A组POCD发生率明显低于B组(P<0.05).结论:帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛可降低老年全髋关节置换术患者POCD的发生率,同时能有效减轻患者术后疼痛,值得临床推广应用. 相似文献
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《中国民康医学》2019,(13)
目的:观察综合护理对老年全髋关节置换术后患者髋关节功能恢复的影响。方法:选取60例行髋关节置换术的老年患者作为研究对象,依据随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组各30例。对照组采取常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上采取综合护理,比较护理前后两组髋关节功能评分、生命质量、并发症发生情况及护理满意度。结果:护理后,观察组Harris髋关节功能评分及生存质量测定量表简表(SF-36)各维度评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率为10.00%(3/30),明显低于对照组的43.33%(13/30),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组服务态度、服务技巧、专业技能、心理疏导、病情管理、康复训练、健康教育评分均明显高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:在常规护理基础上采取综合护理,可有效促进老年全髋关节置换术患者术后髋关节功能的恢复,明显提高患者生命质量,且降低并发症发生率,效果优于单纯常规护理。 相似文献
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目的 探讨艾司氯胺酮诱导对老年腹腔镜患者术后认知功能的影响。方法 随机选择2020年9月—2021年9月期间广州医科大学附属第四医院肝胆外科60例拟行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者,采用随机数表法分成研究组和对照组,每组30例。研究组静脉注射艾司氯胺酮行全身麻醉诱导;对照组静脉注射舒芬太尼行全身麻醉诱导。比较两组患者的血流动力学、认知变化、围术期指标和不良反应情况。结果 研究组在T3(手术结束时)的平均动脉压(75.16±3.54)mmHg、心率(85.34±6.51)次/min较对照组(86.26±2.53)mmHg、(92.35±7.35)次/min低,差异有统计学意义(t=13.970、3.911,P<0.05)。研究组术后24 h的MoCA评分(21.91±1.83)分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=11.740,P<0.05)。研究组麻醉时间(101.12±10.79)min和意识恢复时间(9.46±1.96)min少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.002、3.945,P<0.05)。两组患者麻醉相关不良反应对比,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0... 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同剂量地塞米松对老年全髋/膝关节置换术术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的影响.方法 将2019年1月至2010年6月在吉林大学第一医院行单侧全髋/膝关节置换术的300例老年患者分为高剂量组(101例)、低剂量组(100例)及对照组(99例).在诱导前30 min,高剂量组与低剂量组分别静脉注射0.15mg/kg与0.05 mg/kg的地塞米松,对照组给予同容量的生理盐水.比较各组POCD发生率,术前及术后1、5d的简易智力状态评估量表(MMSE)评分、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平.结果 高剂量组的POCD发生率明显低于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05);术后1d,高剂量组的MMSE评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);术后5d,高剂量组的MMSE评分明显高于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05);术后1d,高剂量组的血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);术后5d,高剂量组的血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平明显低于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05).术后1、5d,低剂量组与对照组的POCD发生率、MMSE评分、血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 0.15 mg/kg地塞米松能够降低老年全髋/膝关节置换术POCD的发生率,其机制可能与改善血清TNF α、S100β及NSE水平有关. 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同剂量地塞米松对老年全髋/膝关节置换术术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的影响.方法 将2019年1月至2010年6月在吉林大学第一医院行单侧全髋/膝关节置换术的300例老年患者分为高剂量组(101例)、低剂量组(100例)及对照组(99例).在诱导前30 min,高剂量组与低剂量组分别静脉注射0.15mg/kg与0.05 mg/kg的地塞米松,对照组给予同容量的生理盐水.比较各组POCD发生率,术前及术后1、5d的简易智力状态评估量表(MMSE)评分、血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、中枢神经特异蛋白(S100β)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平.结果 高剂量组的POCD发生率明显低于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05);术后1d,高剂量组的MMSE评分明显高于对照组(P<0.05);术后5d,高剂量组的MMSE评分明显高于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05);术后1d,高剂量组的血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05);术后5d,高剂量组的血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平明显低于低剂量组与对照组(P<0.05).术后1、5d,低剂量组与对照组的POCD发生率、MMSE评分、血清TNF-α、S100β及NSE水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 0.15 mg/kg地塞米松能够降低老年全髋/膝关节置换术POCD的发生率,其机制可能与改善血清TNF α、S100β及NSE水平有关. 相似文献
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目的探讨右美托咪定对老年患者全髋关节置换术后早期睡眠质量的影响。方法择期在蛛网膜下腔阻滞下行全髋关节置换手术的老年患者40例,ASA分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级,随机分为两组(n=20),右美托咪定组患者予右美托咪定0.5μg/kg,持续泵注10 min后,以0.2μg/(kg·h)持续泵注至手术结束;对照组泵注等体积的生理盐水。连续监测患者术日晚20:00~术后第2天8:00期间的脑电双频指数(BIS)得出总睡眠时间和觉醒时间;并每隔2 h记录平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)、脉搏氧饱和度(SpO_2)和呼吸频率(RR);记录术后第2天8:00时患者的PSQI量表评分。结果两组患者术日晚20:00~术后第2天8:00间,对照组与右美托咪定组每隔2 h的MAP、HR、SpO_2及RR比较,差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);与对照组相比较,右美托咪定组患者总睡眠时间显著延长,PSQI值明显降低,且均值小于7分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论右美托咪定应用于择期在蛛网膜下腔阻滞下行全髋关节置换术的老年患者,能提高患者术后早期睡眠质量,值得临床推广应用。 相似文献
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目的观察红细胞包蔽曲马朵(RBC—T)与曲马朵用于老年患者全髋置换术后镇痛的效果。方法择期全髋置换术老年患者40例,随机均分为两组:红细胞包蔽曲马朵(RBC—T)组和曲马朵(T)组。所有病例均采用全凭静脉麻醉。手术结束前约30min,RBC—T组静脉予RBC—T溶液(RBC-T剂量为1.5mg/kg),T组予曲马朵1.5mg/kg。采用双盲法和视觉模拟评分(VAS)比较两组患者术后镇痛效果,并观察术后患者不良反应。结果RBC—T组术后24h疼痛VAS评分显著低于T组(P〈O.05),两组患者术后不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。结论RBC—T用于老年患者全髋置换术后镇痛效果良好,镇痛作用优于曲马朵。 相似文献
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目的:探讨早期康复护理干预对全髋关节置换术患者的康复影响。方法:选取2009年2月~2011年5月收治的65例全髋关节置换术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为干预组和对照组各48例,两组患者均给予常规护理措施和健康指导,干预组患者在以上基础上加用早期康复护理干预措施,比较两组患者的康复情况。结果:(1)两组患者术前Harris评分、Barthel评分均无明显差异(P>0.05),但术后2周、4周、3个月、6个月比较均有显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)干预组术后1周出现下肢肿胀2例,但2周内均消失,无其他并发症发生;对照组术后第4天出现下肢深静脉血栓3例,术后2周出现下肢肿胀4例,术后4周内消失,随访1年发生髋关节脱位2例。结论:对全髋关节置换术患者实施早期康复护理干预可以有效改善患者预后、促进机体康复、缩短术后恢复时间、降低术后并发症发生率,对提高手术效果具有重要意义。 相似文献
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目的:观察连续腰丛阻滞(continuous lumbar plexus block,CLPB)对老年患者髋关节置换术后认知功能障碍
(post-operative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)的影响。方法:选择在全身麻醉下行髋关节置换手术老年患者60例,随
机分为连续腰丛阻滞(continuous lumbar plexus block,CLPB)组和静脉自控镇痛(patient-controlled intravenous analgesia,
PCIA)组,每组30例。所有患者在全身麻醉下完成手术,CPLB组气管插管前行腰丛阻滞,术后行CLPB镇痛;PCIA组
术后行PCIA。记录术后12,24及48 h视觉模拟评分(Visual Analog Scale,VAS);于术前1 d(D0)以及术后1(D1),3(D3),
7(D7) d采用简易精神状态量表(Mini-Mental State Examination,MMSE)进行认知功能评分并记录POCD发生情况;D0,
D1,D3及D7时采用ELISA法检测血清S-100β浓度;记录术后不良反应的发生情况。结果:CLPB组术后12,24及48 h
VAS评分明显低与PCIA组(P<0.05);与PCIA组相比,CLPB组于D1,D3时MMSE评分明显增高(P<0.05),POCD的发生
率降低(P<0.05)。CLPB组D1,D3时组S-100β浓度明显低于PCIA组(P<0.05)。结论:CLPB应用于老年患者髋关节置换
术,可有效缓解患者术后疼痛,抑制S-100β的产生,降低早期POCD的发生。 相似文献
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目的 本研究选择全髋关节置换术的老年患者,应用经皮穴位电刺激(TEAS),观察术后早期疼痛治疗效果.方法 选择60例行全髋关节置换术的老年患者(>65岁),随机分为两组:TEAS组30例:患者于切皮前30 min、术后2、4、20和48 h接受30 min经皮穴位电刺激(双侧内关、合谷穴;手术侧风市穴及足三里穴)治疗;对照组30例:假刺激组(选择相同穴位相同刺激时间,但刺激电流强度为零).所有患者术后接受病人自控静脉镇痛48 h.通过观察患者术后各时段芬太尼的用量及镇痛效果评分(VAS),记录镇痛相关不良反应发生率及补救药物使用频率.结果 两组患者一般临床资料差异无统计学意义.两组术后8、24和48 h静息和活动状态下疼痛评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).在术后24 h和48 h,对照组患者芬太尼的消耗量显著高于TEAS组(P< 0.001).TEAS组术后镇痛相关不良反应发生率及应用补救药物频率显著低于对照组(恶心16.7% vs.46.7%;呕吐10.0%vs.32.3%;眩晕6.7% vs.26.7%;补救药物频率13.3% vs.36.7%,P<0.05).结论 经皮穴位电刺激用于老年患者全髋关节置换术后早期镇痛,可以有效缓解术后疼痛,明显减少术后镇痛药物的用量,不良反应发生率低. 相似文献
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目的观察静脉注射不同剂量右美托咪定辅助镇静对老年患者髋关节置换术后镇痛的影响。方法选择择期行髋关节置换术的老年患者(≥65岁)60例,ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,随机分为3组。行蛛网膜下腔阻滞后,D1组予右美托咪定1滋g/kg负荷剂量(15min输注完毕),继以维持剂量0.2滋g/(kg·h)至术毕;D2组予右美托咪定负荷剂量0.5滋g/kg(15min输注完毕),维持剂量0.2滋g/(kg·h);对照组(C组)予等体积的0.9%氯化钠静脉输注(方法同D1组)。术后48h内予氟比洛芬酯50mg12h内静脉注射+曲马多50mg2次/d口服常规术后镇痛,当术后VAS评分≥4分时,予肌肉注射曲马多100mg补救镇痛。评估术后2、6、12、24、36、48h视觉模拟评分(VAS),记录术后48h内首次补救镇痛时间、补救镇痛率、镇痛满意度及围术期不良反应发生率。结果与C组相比,D1组、D2组患者术后6h静息VAS评分显著降低,术后48h内补救镇痛率降低,镇痛满意度较高,D1组术后首次补救镇痛时间明显延迟,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。D1组与D2组之间镇痛情况无统计学差别(P>0.05)。D1组、D2组低血压发生率较C组明显升高(P<0.05)。3组患者心动过缓、呼吸抑制、恶心呕吐及寒战等不良反应发生率无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论不同剂量右美托咪定辅助腰麻均能显著提高老年患者髋关节置换术后48h内的镇痛效果,0.5μg/kg负荷剂量发挥有效的辅助镇痛效果。 相似文献
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Background We investigated the effects of using large-diameter femoral heads in total hip prostheses on eady postoperative gait restoration in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods We collected data for 19 primary THAs using 28-mm metal-on-polyethylene heads (conventional group) and for 12 THAs (BHR group) using metal-on-metal femoral heads with an average size of 45 mm (range, 40-49 mm). All patients had unilateral femoral head avascular necrosis. All patients underwent Harris Hip Scores evaluation and gait analysis with the IDEEA device at the same 3 time points which were before surgery and then at 1 month and again at 3 months after surgery, and the parameters measured were walking speed, stride length (SL), single limb support (SLS), cycle duration (CD), and swing power (SP). Harris Hip Scores and gait analysis parameters for both groups were compared.Results Intraclass comparison indicated that Harris Hip Scores, speed scores, and gait parameter measures in both groups improved significantly with the passage of time; Interclass comparison showed no significance between Harris1m postop - Harrispreop and Harris3m postop- Harrispreop in both groups. The speed in the BHR group at 1 month and at 3 months after surgery was significantly higher than that of conventional group. At 1 month after surgery, each mean for SLnormal-SLaffected, (SLSnormal - SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffocted in the BHR group was significantly lower than that for the conventional group. At 3 months after surgery, the differences between means for both groups for SLnormal - SLaffected.(SLSnormal- SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffected were not significant, but the mean of SPnormal - SPaffected in the BHR group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group.Conclusions Our data suggest that large-diameter femoral heads in THA provide better early gait restoration than conventional-size femoral heads. 相似文献
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Influence of the femoral head size on early postoperative gait restoration after total hip arthroplasty 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Background We investigated the effects of using large-diameter femoral heads in total hip prostheses on early postoperative gait restoration in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods We collected data for 19 primary THAs using 28-mm metal-on-polyethylene heads (conventional group) and for 12 THAs (BHR group) using metal-on-metal femoral heads with an average size of 45 mm (range, 40-49mm). All patients had unilateral femoral head avascular necrosis. All patients underwent Harris Hip Scores evaluation and gait analysis with the IDEEA device at the same 3 time points which were before surgery and then at 1 month and again at 3 months after surgery, and the parameters measured were walking speed, stride length (SL), single limb support (SLS), cycle duration (CD), and swing power (SP). Harris Hip Scores and gait analysis parameters for both groups were compared. Results Intraclass comparison indicated that Harris Hip Scores, speed scores, and gait parameter measures in both groups improved significantly with the passage of time; Interclass comparison showed no significance between Harristm postop - HarriSpreop and Harris3m postop- HarriSpreop in both groups. The speed in the BHR group at 1 month and at 3 months after surgery was significantly higher than that of conventional group. At 1 month after surgery, each mean for SLnormal - SLaffected, (SLSnormal - SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffected in the BHR group was significantly lower than that for the conventional group. At 3 months after surgery, the differences between means for both groups for SLnormal - SLaffected, (SLSnormal- SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffected were not significant, but the mean of SPnorrnal - SPaffected in the BHR group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group. Conclusions Our data suggest that large-diameter femoral heads in THA provide better early gait restoration than conventional-size femoral heads. 相似文献
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Background We investigated the effects of using large-diameter femoral heads in total hip prostheses on eady postoperative gait restoration in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA). Methods We collected data for 19 primary THAs using 28-mm metal-on-polyethylene heads (conventional group) and for 12 THAs (BHR group) using metal-on-metal femoral heads with an average size of 45 mm (range, 40-49 mm). All patients had unilateral femoral head avascular necrosis. All patients underwent Harris Hip Scores evaluation and gait analysis with the IDEEA device at the same 3 time points which were before surgery and then at 1 month and again at 3 months after surgery, and the parameters measured were walking speed, stride length (SL), single limb support (SLS), cycle duration (CD), and swing power (SP). Harris Hip Scores and gait analysis parameters for both groups were compared.Results Intraclass comparison indicated that Harris Hip Scores, speed scores, and gait parameter measures in both groups improved significantly with the passage of time; Interclass comparison showed no significance between Harris1m postop - Harrispreop and Harris3m postop- Harrispreop in both groups. The speed in the BHR group at 1 month and at 3 months after surgery was significantly higher than that of conventional group. At 1 month after surgery, each mean for SLnormal-SLaffected, (SLSnormal - SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffocted in the BHR group was significantly lower than that for the conventional group. At 3 months after surgery, the differences between means for both groups for SLnormal - SLaffected.(SLSnormal- SLSaffected)/CD, and SPnormal - SPaffected were not significant, but the mean of SPnormal - SPaffected in the BHR group was significantly lower than that in the conventional group.Conclusions Our data suggest that large-diameter femoral heads in THA provide better early gait restoration than conventional-size femoral heads. 相似文献