精细化康复小组模式应用于心绞痛病人对其生存质量以及情感状况的影响

[目的]探讨精细化康复小组模式应用于心绞痛病人对其生存质量以及情感状况的影响。[方法]将86例心绞痛病人采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组43例,对照组采取传统的护理照护措施,研究组则在对照组基础上引入精细化康复小组模式。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和生存质量量表,比较两组病人在干预前及干预后第6周末SAS和SDS评分和生存质量评分。[结果]研究组病人干预后各维度生存质量评分高于对照组,SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]心绞痛病人引入精细化康复小组模式,有助于提高其生存质量,并能改善其情感状况。     

护理干预综合评估模式用于老年冠心病病人生活质量改善临床观察

[目的]观察护理干预综合评估模式用于老年冠心病病人生活质量改善的效果。[方法]将160例老年冠心病病人采用随机数字表法分为对照组80例和观察组80例,分别给予心内科常规护理干预和在此基础上加用护理干预综合评估模式,比较两组病人护理满意度及干预前后中国心血管病人生活质量评定问卷(CQQC)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分等。[结果]观察组病人护理满意度高于对照组(P<0.05);两组病人干预后CQQC,SDS及 SAS评分较干预前改善,且观察组病人干预后各项评分优于对照组(P<0.05)。[结论]护理干预综合评估模式用于老年冠心病病人可有效改善生活质量、缓解负面心理状态、提高护理服务质量。     

基于贝克认知疗法的心理干预对急性冠状动脉综合征病人情绪及生活质量的影响

[目的]研究基于贝克认知疗法的心理干预对急性冠状动脉综合征病人情绪及生活质量的影响。[方法]采用随机数字表法将103例急性冠状动脉综合征病人分为观察组(n=51)和对照组(n=52),对照组采用常规心理干预,观察组采用基于贝克认知疗法的心理干预,比较两组病人干预前后焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和简明健康状况调查量表(SF-36)评分。[结果]干预后两组病人SAS、SDS评分均低于干预前,SF-36量表评分高于干预前(P0.05),但观察组病人干预后SAS、SDS评分均低于对照组(P0.05);观察组病人干预后SF-36中精神状态、躯体疼痛评分高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]基于贝克认知疗法的心理干预可有效改善急性冠状动脉综合征病人的焦虑、抑郁状态,提高病人生活质量。     

全人照护在老年造口病人康复护理中的实践

[目的]探讨全人照护模式在老年造口病人康复护理中的应用。[方法]将202例老年造口病人随机分为对照组(101例)和干预组(101例),对照组接受常规康复护理干预,干预组在此基础上采用全人护理的康复护理模式,为期6个月;采用生存质量测评量表(FACT)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)分别在干预前、干预结束时进行调查。[结果]干预结束时干预组生存质量测评量表评分高于对照组,SAS和SDS评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。[结论]对老年造口病人采用全人照护康复护理模式,可改善病人的情绪状况和生活质量。     

基于共情理念为导向的照护策略对心肌梗死急诊病人的消极情感及期望水平的影响

[目的]探究基于共情理念为导向的照护策略对心肌梗死病人的消极情感以及期望水平的影响,并为这类特殊群体的优质诊疗照护积累循证经验。[方法]选取收治的94例心肌梗死病人,借助随机数字表作为分组依据,将所有符合纳入标准的病人进行分组,划分为研究组和对照组各47例。其中对照组实施传统的护理干预措施,研究组则在对照组基础上引入基于共情理念为导向的照护策略。利用由Zung编制的焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对两组病人在干预前及干预后第2周末的情感状况进行测评;利用Herth希望量表(HHI)对两组病人在干预前及干预后第2周末的病情期望水平进行测评。[结果]两组病人干预前的SAS和SDS评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,研究组病人的SAS和SDS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组病人干预前的Herth希望量表(HHI)评分差异无统计学意义(P0.05);干预后,研究组HHI各维度评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组病人在干预后的HHI各维度评分相较于本组干预前评分均有所提高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]对于心肌梗死病人而言,引入基于共情理念为导向的照护策略,有助于改善其消极情感状况,且能提高其期望水平。     

综合护理对老年冠心病病人生活质量及心理的影响

[目的]探讨实施综合护理对老年冠心病病人生活质量及心理的影响。[方法]将120例老年冠心病病人分为观察组和对照组,每组60例,对照组实施常规护理,观察组病人实施综合护理,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及生活质量评定量表对两组病人入院时、干预1周后的心理状态及生活质量进行评价,同时对两组病人的护理满意度进行比较。[结果]观察组病人干预1周后SAS、SDS评分低于对照组(P0.05),生活质量评分高于对照组(P0.05),护理满意度高于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]对老年冠心病病人实施综合护理可改善病人负面情绪,提高病人生活质量和满意度。     

基于生物-心理-社会模式的护理对断肢再植病人负性情感及社会功能的影响

[目的]探讨基于生物-心理-社会模式的护理对断肢再植病人负性情绪及社会功能的影响。[方法]将100例断指且进行再植手术的病人分为观察组和对照组,每组50例,对照组采用断肢手术的常规护理,观察组则引入生物-心理-社会模式进行护理,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)和社会功能缺陷筛选量表(SDSS)对两组病人干预前后的心理和社会功能进行评价。[结果]干预1周后观察组SAS、SDS评分明显低于对照组(P0.05);观察组病人社会功能各指标评分明显优于对照组(P0.05)。[结论]引入生物-心理-社会模式对病人进行护理能有效控制并改善断肢再植病人的负性情感,对其社会功能的恢复有显著的促进作用。     

心理护理干预对糖尿病合并冠心病病人疗效的临床研究

[目的]探讨心理护理干预对糖尿病合并冠心病病人的效果。[方法]使用抑郁自评量表(SDS)和焦虑自评量表(SAS)评价参与本研究病人的心理状态并进行心理干预,评价心理护理干预效果。[结果]SDS评分组间比较干预前试验组评分均明显高于对照组(P0.05),干预后试验组与对照组评分比较差异无统计学意义;SAS评分组间比较干预前试验组评分明显高于对照组(P0.05),干预后试验组与对照组评分比较差异无统计学意义。SDS评分及SAS评分组内比较试验组干预后评分明显低于干预前(P0.05)。[结论]糖尿病合并冠心病病人抑郁和焦虑评分较高,心理干预可有效缓解病人负面情绪。     

Orem自理模式对慢性心力衰竭病人生活质量及负性情绪的影响

[目的]探讨Orem自理模式对慢性心力衰竭(心力衰竭)病人生活质量及负性情绪的影响。[方法]将75例心力衰竭病人随机分为对照组(n=35)和观察组(n=40)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组给予Orem自理模式。采用明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量量表(MLHFQ)评估病人生活质量,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估病人焦虑状态、抑郁状态,记录住院期间两组病人心力衰竭死亡数。[结果]两组病人干预前MLHFQ评分、SDS评分、SAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组干预后MLHFQ评分高于对照组,SDS评分、SAS评分低于对照组,两组比较差异有有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组病人心力衰竭死亡数低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]采用Orem自理模式可有效改善心力衰竭病人生活质量及负性情绪。     

心理干预对冠心病病人疗效、焦虑及抑郁心理的影响

[目的]研究心理干预对冠心病病人的疗效、焦虑及抑郁的影响。[方法]将120例冠心病病人随机分成干预组和对照组,每组60例。干预组在接受常规心内科治疗及护理的基础上给予心理干预;对照组仅接受常规治疗及护理。以Zung氏焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）为评估工具。对两组病人治疗前后SAS、SDS评分及临床疗效进行比较。[结果]干预组治疗后焦虑、抑郁评分显著低于治疗前及对照组（P〈0.05）;住院天数短于对照组（P〈0.05）,疗效显著优于对照组（P〈0.01）。[结论]心理干预是降低冠心病病人焦虑、抑郁情绪障碍、缩短住院时间、提高疗效的有效方法。     

Locus of emotion: the effect of task order and age on emotion perceived and emotion felt in response to music

The relationship between emotions perceived to be expressed (external locus EL) versus emotions felt (internal locus--IL) in response to music was examined using 5 contrasting pieces of Romantic, Western art music. The main hypothesis tested was that emotion expressed along the dimensions of emotional-strength, valence, and arousal were lower in magnitude for IL than EL. IL and EL judgments made together after one listening (Experiment 2, n = 18) produced less differentiated responses than when each task was performed after separate listenings (Experiment 1, n = 28). This merging of responses in the locus-task-together condition started to disappear as statistical power was increased. Statistical power was increased by recruiting an additional subject pool of elderly individuals (Experiment 3, n = 19, mean age 75 years). Their valence responses were more positive, and their emotional-strength ratings were generally lower, compared to their younger counterparts. Overall data analysis revealed that IL responses fluctuated slightly more than EL emotions, meaning that the latter are more stable. An additional dimension of dominance-submissiveness was also examined, and was useful in differentiating between pieces, but did not return a difference between IL and EL. Some therapy applications of these findings are discussed.     

Expressed emotion on long-stay wards

We examined the influence of an educational programme on nurses' level of expressed emotion (EE), on ward climate and on social functioning and psychopathology of hospitalized schizophrenic patients Nurses and patients were from long-stay wards of six Dutch psychiatric hospitals Despite an increase of nurses' knowledge about schizophrenia we did not find measurable effects on nurses' levels of EE According to the five minute speech sample method, a third of the nurses participating in this study had a high level of expressed emotion, mainly consisting of criticism This was a rather stable pattern Patients, however, were reluctant to give their nurses high EE ratings on the level of expressed emotion scale Psychopathology was not influenced by the educational programme, but social functioning of patients was related to EE in nurses Moreover, we found a significant decline in the number of restrictive ward rules at follow-up We conclude that, while it may be difficult to detect changes in EE level after an educational programme for nurses, there nevertheless appear to be measurable benefits for patients     

Modulation of emotion by cognition and cognition by emotion

In this study, we examined the impact of goal-directed processing on the response to emotional pictures and the impact of emotional pictures on goal-directed processing. Subjects (N=22) viewed neutral or emotional pictures in the presence or absence of a demanding cognitive task. Goal-directed processing disrupted the BOLD response to emotional pictures. In particular, the BOLD response within bilateral amygdala and inferior frontal gyrus decreased during concurrent task performance. Moreover, the presence of both positive and negative distractors disrupted task performance, with reaction times increasing for emotional relative to neutral distractors. Moreover, in line with the suggestion of the importance of lateral frontal regions in emotional regulation [Ochsner, K. N., Ray, R. D., Cooper, J. C., Robertson, E. R., Chopra, S., Gabrieli, J. D., et al. (2004). For better or for worse: neural systems supporting the cognitive down-and up-regulation of negative emotion. NeuroImage, 23(2), 483-499], connectivity analysis revealed positive connectivity between lateral superior frontal cortex and regions of middle frontal cortex previously implicated in emotional suppression [Beauregard, M., Levesque, J., and Bourgouin, P. (2001). Neural correlates of conscious self-regulation of emotion. J. Neurosci., 21 (18), RC165.; Levesque, J., Eugene, F., Joanette, Y., Paquette, V., Mensour, B., Beaudoin, G., et al. (2003). Neural circuitry underlying voluntary suppression of sadness. Biol. Psychiatry, 53 (6), 502-510.; Ohira, H., Nomura, M., Ichikawa, N., Isowa, T., Iidaka, T., Sato, A., et al. (2006). Association of neural and physiological responses during voluntary emotion suppression. NeuroImage, 29 (3), 721-733] and negative connectivity with bilateral amygdala. These data suggest that processes involved in emotional regulation are recruited during task performance in the context of emotional distractors.     

The impact of processing load on emotion

This event-related fMRI study examined the impact of processing load on the BOLD response to emotional expressions. Participants were presented with composite stimuli consisting of neutral and fearful faces upon which semi-transparent words were superimposed. This manipulation held stimulus-driven features constant across multiple levels of processing load. Participants made either (1) gender discriminations based on the face; (2) case judgments based on the words; or (3) syllable number judgments based on the words. A significant main effect for processing load was revealed in prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, visual processing areas, and amygdala. Critically, enhanced activity in the amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex seen during gender discriminations was significantly reduced during the linguistic task conditions. A connectivity analysis conducted to investigate theories of cognitive modulation of emotion showed that activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was inversely related to activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Together, the data suggest that the processing of task-irrelevant emotional information, like neutral information, is subject to the effects of processing load and is under top-down control.     

情绪管理在护理管理中的应用

英国著名管理学家凯文·汤姆森在《情绪资本》中指出,想要充分利用好人力资本,就必须管理好两大因素：一是智力资本,即员工的知识;二是情绪资本,即那些能激发人的积极行为的情感、情绪和信念。智力资本固然重要,但如果员工的情绪是负面的,如：没有共识、压抑、忧心忡忡、缺乏信任等,那么,这些智力资本就会变得没有意义。情绪管理是指人们对自己情绪的检查、评价和调整的一系列过程,是个人能正确地察觉和认知自己的情绪状态,并适度地运用理性克制情绪,     

产妇情绪调控对分娩的影响

分娩对所有孕妇而言,都是一个未知状况.对未知的恐惧是一种普遍存在的现象,若处理不当会影响产妇的身心健康,甚至造成分娩障碍.而分娩顺利直接关系到母子健康及其生命安全,也关系到孩子远期的智力问题,产妇产后的正常恢复问题.实施情绪调控,可使产妇在最佳的心理状态下顺利完成分娩.现介绍如下.……     

产妇情绪调控对分娩的影响

分娩对所有孕妇而言，都是一个未知状况。对未知的恐惧是一种普遍存在的现象，若处理不当会影响产妇的身心健康，甚至造成分娩障碍。而分娩顺利直接关系到母子健康及其生命安全，也关系到孩子远期的智力问题，产妇产后的正常恢复问题。实施情绪调控，可使产妇在最佳的心理状态下顺利完成分娩。现介绍如下。     

心理护理对老年抑郁情绪影响的分析

目的　探讨心理护理对老年抑郁情绪的影响。方法　应用心理测试量表BDI、SDS、HRSD ,对≥ 6 0岁住院的老年患者在入院时进行问卷调查和统计分析 ,对有抑郁症状的 6 0例患者随机分为两组 ,一组用心理护理干预 ,另一组未进行心理护理干预 ,在 3周后或出院前再进行评分。结果　进行心理护理干预组与未进行心理护理干预组比较 ,其抑郁症显著改善。结论　护理人员对有抑郁情绪的老年患者采取积极有效的心理护理措施 ,能提高老年患者的生活质量。     

浅谈大学生的情志与心理

在心理健康问题中,情绪心理占有较重要的地位,不同的情绪对机体可产生截然不同的作用,情绪可以治病,也可以致病.情绪心理不仅影响到大学生的学习、工作和生活的正常进行,而且涉及到他们能否成为一名跨世纪的合格建设者和接班人.……