Trichilemmal Carcinoma: A Rare Cutaneous Malignancy: A Report of Two Cases

BACKGROUND: Trichilemmal carcinoma is a rare cutaneous malignancy that usually occurs on the sun-exposed areas of older individuals. The lesion is usually solitary and may present as an exophytic or polypoid nodule that maybe hyperkeratotic with ulceration. OBJECTIVE: To present two cases of trichilemmal carcinoma, one occurring in a kidney transplantation patient. METHODS: Two case reports and a discussion of the rare carcinoma are presented. RESULTS: Both lesions were treated with Mohs micrographic surgery without sign of recurrence after several years. CONCLUSION: Trichilemmal carcinoma is a rare cutaneous malignancy that can be seen in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed hosts. Mohs micrographic surgery should be considered among the surgical options to avoid a wide surgical excision in these patients.     

Thyroid Tuberculosis Mimicking Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases

Among 527 patients with thyroid disease who underwent surgery at our hospital during a 20-year period, 2 (0.4%) had tuberculous thyroiditis mimicking carcinoma. The first patient was a 44-year-old man with a solitary thyroid nodule and the second was a 24-year old man with a thyroid abscess. The unexpected diagnosis was made postoperatively and was based on histological findings in both patients. No primary focus was found elsewhere in either patient, and both responded to antituberculous chemotherapy. Although the diagnosis is usually based on examination of resected specimens, recent reports indicate that find-needle aspiration cytology is a cost-effective technique of diagnosing thyroid tuberculosis. A review of 35 cases reported in the English literature is also discussed.     

Intraoral Basal Cell Carcinoma,a Rare Neoplasm: Report of Three New Cases with Literature Review

Intraoral basal cell carcinoma (IOBCC) is an extremely rare entity that bears close microscopic resemblance to and is often confused with the peripheral ameloblastoma (PA). Basal cell carcinomas are thought to arise from pluripotential basal cells present within surface epithelium and adnexal structures, so theoretically they can arise within the oral cavity. Many of the early cases reported as IOBCC actually represent PA. Most of the well documented cases arise from the gingiva. The histologic features of basal cell carcinoma that help separate it from a PA include: tumor arising from surface epithelium, scattered mitotic figures and apoptotic cells, presence of mucoid ground substance and tumor infiltrating widely throughout the connective tissue and often exhibiting a prominent retraction artifact. Clinically IOBCC resemble carcinomas, compared to the benign and innocuous appearance of the PA and typically presents as surface ulcerations varying from rodent ulcer to an ulcerated erythroplakia appearance. This contrasts with the classic “bump on the gum” appearance of PAs with usually intact surface and appearing as small discrete, sessile, exophytic lesions. Importantly, the proliferative basaloid epithelium demonstrates positive immunoreactivity for the anti-epithelial antibody, Ber-EP4, a cell surface glycoprotein. The IOBCC has the potential for local recurrence and aggressive behavior and should be treated with wide surgical excision and close clinical follow up. We present 3 rare cases of IOBCC and discuss the salient histologic, immunohistochemical and clinical features.     

Gallbladder Metastasis of Renal Cell Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases

We report two extremely rare cases of metastasis to the gallbladder from renal cell carcinoma. In both men, aged 63 and 80 years, a pedunculated polypoid gallbladder tumor was incidentally found 27 and 8 years after surgery for renal cell carcinoma, respectively. The tumors showed hypervascularity on diagnostic imaging. A histopathological examination showed no tumor cells in the gallbladder mucosa, but clear cell carcinoma was predominantly observed below the mucosal layer. Furthermore, based on various specific and immunohistochemical studies as well as the electron-microscopic findings, the patients were pathologically diagnosed to have gallbladder metastasis of renal cell carcinoma. Received: February 16, 2001 / Accepted: September 11, 2001     

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Arising from Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis: Report of Two Cases

Sporadic cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) originating from nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) have recently been reported. Thus, we investigated the prevalence of NASH in patients with HCC. A review of the clinical records of 481 patients who underwent liver resection for HCC in our department between January 1991 and December 2003 revealed only two (0.4%) patients with HCC associated with NASH. Both of these patients had noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and neither had a history of alcohol consumption or blood transfusion. All serologic markers for hepatitis B and C viruses were negative. Histological examination of the noncancerous hepatic tissue revealed NASH with moderate hepatic fibrosis in one patient and cirrhosis in the other. Thus, clinical follow-up and screening for HCC should be done for patients with hepatic fibrosis caused by NASH, even though this form of hepatitis is an uncommon cause of HCC.     

多房囊性肾细胞癌2例报告及文献复习

目的：阐明多房囊性肾细胞痛（MCRCC）的概念及其鉴别诊断要点。方法：报告2例MCRCC的临床资料,结合文献进行归纳分析。结果：MCRCC病例占同期肾癌病例的0．67％。1例经影像学检查误诊为肾囊肿,1例经B超检查怀疑为“囊性肾癌”,而CT及MRI均误诊为多发性肾囊肿并结石。2例均先行保留肾单位的手术治疗,于术后病检确诊为MCRCC,然后再行根治性肾切除术。结论：MCRCC足肾癌中一种罕见的特殊类型,恶性度低,不同于其他类型的“囊性肾癌”。其术前诊断主要依赖影像学（CT或B超）检查,与良性肾囊性病变的鉴别诊断较困难;因此,确诊通常依赖术后的病理学诊断,同时需与其他类型的“囊性肾癌”相鉴别。     

Intraosseous Lipoma: A Report of Two Cases

Intraosseous lipoma seems to be a rare condition as only some 20 cases have been reported so far. A further two cases are described the lesions being in the calcaneus and in the tibia. Radiographically the lesions appeared osteolytic and well delineated, containing calcified areas. The microscopic features were those of mature adipose tissue. Curettage and packing with autogenous bone grafts is recommended, if the lesion causes pain or a correct diagnosis cannot otherwise be obtained.     

Granulomatous Orchitis: A Report of Two Cases

On page 84 of the issue of August, 1970, in the article entitled “Granulomatous Orchitis: A Report of Two Cases”, by A. R. Chang and H. G. Penman, an error occurred in the eighth line. The sentence should read: “Nevertheless, the observer unaware of the condition might be tempted to diagnose tuberculosis or a non-caseating granulomatous condition such as tuberculosis or a sarcoidosis or fungus infection.” We regret this error.     

Abdominal Actinomycosis: a Report of Two Cases

Actinomyces spp. cause a chronic suppurative, granulomatous disease which is characterized clinically by extensive abscess formation, recurrent draining of sinuses and fistulae and histologically by the presence of the so-called “sulphur granules”. Colonic actinomycosis is a relatively rare infection and its diagnosis is difficult. We report the case of a female patient who was operated on for ovarian cyst and the case of another female patient operated on for a mass in the transverse colon. In both cases the pathology of the excised tissues revealed actinomycosis. Actinomycosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who present with abdominal pain, fever, leu-cocytosis and intestinal wall thickness and /or abdominal mass.     

Long-Term Survival After Report Resection of Pulmonary Metastases from Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often treated most effectively by resection. Although improved surgical procedures and perioperative care have made hepatic resection safe, the prognosis of patients with HCC is still poor because of the high incidence of postoperative recurrence. The most common site of extrahepatic recurrence is the lung. However, because of its multiplicity and concurrent recurrence in the liver remnant, resection of pulmonary metastases form HCC is rarely beneficial. We report two cases of long-term survival after repeated pulmonary resection of metastasis from HCC. At the time of this report the two patients were free of disease, 110 months and 107 months, respectively, after their initial hepatectomy. These case reports show that pulmonary metastases from HCC can be successfully resected in selected patients.     

Carcinoma Associated with Renal Tuberculosis: A Report of Two Cases,with a Brief Review of the Literature

Two cases of carcinoma and renal tuberculosis occurring in the same kidney, a rare association, are reported. The tuberculous process was apparently overshadowed by the more obvious coexistent tumour, and detected as an incidental finding. A possible explanation for the extremely rare association of carcinoma and renal tuberculosis is discussed.     

电视胸腔镜（或辅助小切口）手术治疗食管良性肿瘤56例临床体会

目的总结电视胸腔镜手术（video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery,VATS）治疗食管良性肿瘤的临床经验。方法1995年3月-2008年1月,对56例食管良性肿瘤施行电视胸腔镜（或辅助小切口）手术。在纤维胃镜辅助下,手术采用一个1.5cm左右胸腔镜进镜口加2个2cm左右操作孔或辅助腋下5cm左右小切口完成食管良性肿瘤摘除。结果54例顺利完成VATS（其中8例辅助小切口）食管良性肿瘤摘除术,术后病理证实为食管平滑肌瘤47例,间质瘤7例。1例因平滑肌瘤巨大,食管肌层破坏严重且术中冰冻切片病理检查报告肿瘤生长活跃,1例因术中冰冻切片病理报告低度恶性平滑肌瘤,均中转开胸行食管部分切除、食管胃端侧吻合术。无手术期及围手术期死亡,无术后严重并发症发生。49例随访2-128个月,平均58.6月,无明显进食梗噎等症状出现或复发。结论VATS（或辅助小切口）食管良性肿瘤摘除术具有安全、彻底、有效、可行等特点,可作为食管良性肿瘤摘除术的首选治疗方法。     

Basaloid-Squamous Carcinoma of the Esophagus Treated by Preoperative Chemotherapy: Report of Two Cases

Basaloid squamous carcinoma (BSC) of the esophagus has been associated with a poor outcome after surgery. We herein report two patients with esophageal BSC treated by preoperative chemotherapy. Patient 1 was a 55-year-old man who presented with a tumor of the middle esophagus diagnosed as BSC. He was treated by chemotherapy using a combination of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU: 750 mg/m², 1st–5th day, 24-h continuous infusion) and cisplatin (CDDP: 75 mg/m², 1st day, drip infusion per 2 h) before surgery, because of lymph node metastases of the mediastinum and around the left gastric artery. Even though the metastatic nodes were reduced and an esophagectomy was performed, the patient died of recurrence 12 months after chemotherapy. Patient 2 was a 57-year-old man who demonstrated BSC of the esophagus with direct invasion to the discending aorta, who was treated by preoperative chemotherapy using the same regimen as that of patient 1. The esophageal tumor was reduced, and a curative esophagectomy was performed. The patient is now alive without recurrence 38 months after chemotherapy. In conclusion, preoperative chemotherapy using a combination of 5-FU and CDDP may thus be an effective treatment for patients with advanced BSC of the esophagus. Received: September 19, 2001 / Accepted: May 7, 2002 RID="*" ID="*" Reprint requests to: N. Koide