2010年北京市朝阳区12岁儿童口腔健康状况调查

目的了解北京市朝阳区12岁年龄组恒牙龋病及牙周健康状况,为朝阳区口腔卫生保健工作提供信息和依据。方法采用分层等容随机抽样的方法,抽取朝阳区12岁常住人口360人,男女各半,检查恒牙牙冠龋和牙周情况。结果 12岁组恒牙患龋率为28.61%,女生患龋率高于男生,差异有统计学意义。龋齿充填率为46.20%,龋均为0.48;第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率为45.56%;牙龈出血检出率11.94%,牙石检出率15.56%。结论朝阳区12岁年龄组患龋处于较低的流行水平,第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率较第三次全国流调全国水平明显上升,下颌第一恒磨牙患龋率显著下降。     

An oral health survey among 12-year-old children in Chaoyang district of Beijing in 2010

目的 了解北京市朝阳区12岁年龄组恒牙龋病及牙周健康状况,为朝阳区口腔卫生保健工作提供信息和依据.方法 采用分层等容随机抽样的方法,抽取朝阳区12岁常住人口360人,男女各半,检查恒牙牙冠龋和牙周情况.结果 12岁组恒牙患龋率为28.61%,女生患龋率高于男生,差异有统计学意义.龋齿充填率为46.20%,龋均为0.48;第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率为45.56%;牙龈出血检出率11.94%,牙石检出率15.56%.结论 朝阳区12岁年龄组患龋处于较低的流行水平,第一恒磨牙窝沟封闭率较第三次全国流调全国水平明显上升,下颌第一恒磨牙患龋率显著下降.     

苏州市姑苏区7～9岁儿童龋病流行病学调查

目的 调查分析苏州市姑苏区7~9岁儿童龋病流行状况。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,对苏州市姑苏区小学7~9岁1 452名学生进行乳牙及第一恒磨牙的龋病流行病学调查,以及第一恒磨牙的萌出和窝沟封闭情况。结果 乳牙患龋率77.69%,龋均3.706,充填率14.48%,乳牙患龋率和充填率随年龄增长呈下降趋势;第一恒磨牙患龋率21.21%,龋均0.444,充填率9.15%,恒牙患龋率和龋均8岁年龄组最低,而充填率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,总窝沟封闭率为10.74%。结论 苏州市7~9岁儿童乳牙及第一恒磨牙患龋率较高,充填率和窝沟封闭率较低,建议增加适龄儿童的窝沟封闭比例,加强口腔健康检查及随访。     

深圳市1 497名小学生第一恒磨牙患龋分析

目的了解学龄儿童第一恒磨牙患龋情况，以帮助研究龋病防治工作的重点并提出对策。方法调查不同年龄组儿童第一恒磨牙患龋情况。结果在小学生中第一恒磨牙龋齿患病率和龋均随年龄的增长，呈明显的上升趋势；7、9、12岁年龄组儿童中，大部分恒牙龋齿都发生在第一恒磨牙；特别是在下颌第一恒磨牙。结论预防和治疗儿童龋齿的重点是第一恒磨牙，针对其好发部位应积极推广窝沟封闭。     

广州市白云区城乡结合部6～8岁小学生口腔健康状况调查分析

目的了解广州市白云区城乡结合部6~8岁小学生龋病流行情况,为防治龋病提供基本资料和科学依据。方法采用整群抽样以及随机抽样方法,按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案》的原则,对白云区城乡结合部的部分小学二年级6~8岁儿童进行口腔健康检查,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果检查的1175名6~8岁儿童当中,乳牙患龋率为75.6%,乳牙龋均为3.66;第一恒磨牙萌出率为88.5%,第一恒磨牙患龋率为14.4%,随着年龄增长第一恒磨牙患龋率明显升高。结论广州市白云区城乡结合部儿童患龋率高于全国平均水平,第一恒磨牙的患龋率提示应提早做好龋齿预防措施。     

8 429名小学生第一恒磨牙龋病调查分析

目的 了解中山市市区小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况,为中山市龋病的防治工作提供参考依据.方法 调查中山市市区8 429名6～13岁小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况,统计分析各年龄组第一恒磨牙患龋率、龋均,年龄、性别与患龋率的关系,龋病的好发牙位和好发牙面.结果 8 429名小学生第一恒磨牙患龋率为25.08%,龋病发生率随年龄增长而升高,女性患龋率高于男性,下颌第一恒磨牙为好发牙位,咬合面为好发牙面.结论 中山市市区小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况较严重,应加强防治工作.     

浏阳市12～16岁学生恒牙龋病发展轨迹的潜类别增长模型分析

目的 探讨浏阳市12～16岁学生恒牙龋病的发展轨迹,为制定龋齿防治措施提供参考。方法 浏阳市疾病预防控制中心每年9～11月开展中小学生龋齿筛查,对象为辖区范围内所有在籍中小学生,选取2013～2019年龋齿监测记录完整且过往乳牙龋监测记录可查的12～16岁学生7 297名,利用龋失补指数(decayed missing filled teeth,DMFT)建立零膨胀负二项-潜类别增长模型(zero-inflated negative binomial-latent class growth model,ZINB-LCGM)描述个体恒牙龋病轨迹间的动态变化。结果 浏阳市12～16岁学生DMFT构成中以龋坏牙(decayed teeth,DT)为主,最好发于第一恒磨牙。根据ZINB-LCGM模型,将恒牙龋发展轨迹分为三个潜类别：“缓慢增长型”(28.55%)、“快速增长型”(6.59%)、“平稳型”(64.86%),不同潜类别间遵循不同的非线性增长轨迹,有乳牙龋的女性更容易表现出“缓慢增长型”和“快速增长型”恒牙龋轨迹。男、女性和有、无乳牙龋的轨迹间均有显著性差异。结论 12～16岁学生龋...     

8429名小学生第一恒磨牙龋病调查分析

目的了解中山市市区小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况,为中山市龋病的防治工作提供参考依据。方法调查中山市市区8429名6～13岁小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况,统计分析各年龄组第一恒磨牙患龋率、龋均,年龄、性别与患龋率的关系,龋病的好发牙位和好发牙面。结果8429名小学生第一恒磨牙患龋率为25.08%,龋病发生率随年龄增长而升高,女性患龋率高于男性,下颌第一恒磨牙为好发牙位,咬合面为好发牙面。结论中山市市区小学生第一恒磨牙患龋情况较严重,应加强防治工作。     

山东省桓台县中学生口腔健康状况调查

目的 调查山东省桓台县中学生的口腔健康状况,探讨中学生口腔疾病患病特点,为龋病、错((牙合))畸形的防治提供依据.方法 采取世界卫生组织口腔健康调查方法并参考第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案,对桓台县城区所有中学生共中15 893人的口腔健康状况进行普查,检查项目包括冠龋、错((牙合))畸形情况.结果 桓台县中学生恒牙患龋率为 30.58%,龋均为0.69,女生患龋率、龋均高于男生,15～18岁年龄组高于12～14岁年龄组,其中第一、二磨牙龋分别占恒牙龋的53.12%、41.32%.错((牙合))畸形率为60.22%,安氏错牙台畸形构成比为安氏Ⅰ类76.84%、安氏Ⅱ类12.81%、安氏Ⅲ类10.35%.结论 桓台县中学生龋病及错((牙合))畸形发病率较高,应加强口腔健康教育,提高中学生的口腔保健意识.     

2010年佛山市禅城区小学生恒牙龋病调查分析

目的了解佛山市禅城区小学生的龋病情况,为龋病的防治工作提供参考。方法参照第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查龋病检查标准,采用多阶段等容量随机抽样方法,对佛山市禅城区小学生进行恒牙龋病调查。结果 2010年佛山市禅城区小学生患龋率7岁组为4.69%,9岁组为12.19%,12岁组为23.13%,龋均分别为0.10、0.22、0.43。患龋率和龋均在不同年龄组间的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,7岁组的最低,12岁组的最高;各年龄组患龋率、龋均的性别差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论加强口腔卫生知识宣教,降低龋病患病率,提高小学生龋齿充填率是目前工作的重点。     

深圳市小学生恒牙龋病的流行病学分析

目的：了解深圳市小学生恒牙龋病分布及治疗现状,为深圳市小学生恒牙龋病防治提供参考。方法运用整群随机抽样方法,在深圳市10个区中随机抽取63所小学,合计74308名在校学生,进行患龋情况调查。结果小学生恒牙患龋率为15.7%,龋均为0.37±0.18;不同性别、不同年龄组间的恒牙患龋率差异均具有统计学意义（P<0.05）;恒牙患龋率与学生年龄之间存在关联性（P<0.05）;小学生窝沟封闭率、恒牙龋充填率分别为31.17%、19.05%;控制年龄因素后恒牙龋充填率（c2=12.897,P<0.001）和窝沟封闭率（c2=5.659,P =0.017）的性别差异均有统计学意义（P <0.05）。结论深圳市小学生的龋齿预防需要加强。     

四川凉山7～14周岁彝族学生恒牙龋的调查与分析

目的了解四川凉山7~14周岁彝族学生患龋情况,为民族地区中小学生龋病的防治提供科学依据。方法参照世界卫生组织口腔检查诊断标准,采用多阶段随机整群抽样的方法,对7、9、12及14周岁4个年龄段的954名彝族学生进行龋病调查。用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果四川凉山7~14周岁彝族学生恒牙患龋率为43.50%,龋均为1.21。女性彝族学生患龋率为50.52%,男性彝族学生为36.48%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。患龋率随年龄增长明显升高,龋坏主要发生在第一恒磨牙,且下颌高于上颌。总的充填率为零。结论凉山彝族学生患龋情况严重,预防和治疗为空白,他们的口腔健康问题应受到更多的关注。     

广州市10~12岁儿童第一恒磨牙患龋影响因素分析

目的 了解广州市儿童第一恒磨牙患龋影响因素,为制定儿童龋病防治行为干预策略提供依据.方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,抽取广州市12个区(县级市)149所小学18656名五、六年级学生为研究对象,进行口腔健康检查及问卷调查,调查时间为2014年9月.结果 18656名儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率为18.19%,女生患龋率为19.96%,高于男生(16.71%),差异有统计学意义(x2=32.817,P<0.001).采用广义混合线性模型,在控制学校聚集性及其他影响因素后,城乡、性别、是否做过窝沟封闭以及饮用甜牛奶、糖果/巧克力的食用频率5个因素入选模型,是龋齿发生的独立影响因素(P<0.01);城乡、性别、是否做过窝沟封闭、糖果/巧克力食用频率与龋均有关联(P<0.05).结论 学龄儿童口腔健康教育应关注糖果/巧克力等高糖食品消费,关注城乡差异,同时,加大窝沟封闭项目宣传力度,提高公众知晓率;严格项目管理,提高封闭质量,保证防龋效果.     

上海浦东和江西黎川小学生第一恒磨牙龋患比较及危险因素分析

目的： 调查上海浦东及江西黎川小学生的第一恒磨牙患龋现状,并分析龋齿的危险因素,为小学生的龋齿防治提供科学依据。方法： 采取整群抽样方法,在上海浦东新区及江西黎川分别抽取2所和10所小学,共获得6~12岁小学生1922名,对小学生进行口腔健康检查,对其家长进行问卷调查。采用SPSS 21.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果： 江西黎川小学生共检出261例第一恒磨牙龋患,患龋率为23.6%,龋均为0.37±0.766;上海浦东小学生共检出96例第一恒磨牙龋患,患龋率为11.8%,龋均为0.19±0.582;两地患龋率和龋均均存在显著差异。危险因素分析显示,儿童睡前进甜食等不良习惯、儿童家长文化水平较低,与龋齿的发生存在显著相关性。结论： 农村地区小学生的龋患明显比城市严重;小学生不良的生活习惯是龋齿的危险因素,应在学校普及龋病防治知识,加强小学生保持口腔健康的意识。     

辽宁省12～15岁人群恒牙患龋情况抽样调查报告（2015—2016年）

目的　了解辽宁省12～15岁人群恒牙龋病状况,为辽宁省口腔健康保健工作及相关研究提供数据支持。方法　采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取辽宁省12、13、14、15岁城乡常住人口共3836人。按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案的牙列检查方法和标准,使用社区牙周指数（CPI）探针检查全口恒牙冠龋患情况。计算患龋率、龋均、充填率、患龋牙位及窝沟封闭情况,并比较存在的差异。结果　辽宁省12、13、14和15岁人群患龋率分别为 53.2%、49.7%、53.7%和 56.6%,12岁年龄组与14岁年龄组差异无统计学意义,其余各年龄组间差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）; 龋均分别为1.45、1.56、1.67 和 1.85,随着年龄增加而增加,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;患龋率和龋均两项指标城乡间比较,农村高于城市,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;不同性别间比较,女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。与2005年第三次全国口腔健康流行病学调查结果相比,12岁人群患龋率和龋均均升高。结论　辽宁省 12～15 岁人群患龋率和龋均高于全国平均水平,农村高于城市,女性高于男性,需进一步加强相关人群的口腔预防保健措施。     

����ʡ12��15����Ⱥ������ȣ����������鱨�棨2015—2016�꣩

??Objective??To explore the caries status of permanent teeth among 12-15-year-old population in Liaoning Province??and provide data support for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods??A total of 3836 urban and rural residents aged 12??13??14 and 15 in Liaoning Province were selected by multi-stage stratified equal capacity random sampling. According to the criteria of clinical dentition examination of the Fourth National Epidemiological Survey of Oral Health??the crown caries of permanent teeth in the whole mouth were examined using CPI probe. And then the prevalence??the mean DMFT??decayed-missing-filled tooth????the filled rate??the site of caries and the pit and fissure sealing were calculated. The difference was compared. Results??The prevalance of crown caries in the groups aged 12??13??14 and 15 were 53.2%??49.7%??53.7% and 56.6%??respectively. There was no significant difference between the 12-year-old group and the 14-year-old group??and the differences among the other age groups were statistically significant??P??0.05??.The mean DMFT was 1.45??1.56??1.67 and 1.85??respectively??and it increased with age??P??0.05??. There were significant differences in the prevalence and the mean DMFT between urban and rural areas??P??0.05??and between male and female??P??0.05??. The prevalence and the mean DMFT of 12-year old group were higher than that in 2005. Conclusion??The prevalence of permanent teeth caries in12-15-year-old population in Liaoning Province is higher than the national average level??and it is higher than in rural areas than in urban areas??higher in females than in males. It is necessary to further strengthen oral prevention and health care measures for the relevant population.     

Variation in caries experience and sugar intake among secondary school students in urban and rural Uganda

The objective was to assess the socio-demographic variation in caries experience and sugar intake among urban (Kampala) and rural (Lira) students in Uganda. In a cross-sectional survey, a total of 1146 adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years (response rate 87%) attending 10 secondary schools, 5 rural and 5 urban, completed questionnaires in respective schools. Clinical examination was conducted among 372 respondents (response rate 90%) from the main survey and dental caries was assessed. The results showed that a total of 80% of the students had DMFT >0. The corresponding rates in Kampala and Lira were 85% and 76% (P < 0.05), respectively. The mean DMFT, DT, and MT for the sample were 2.9, 2.5, and 0.5. Adjusted mean DMFT scores were 2.4 in Kampala and 3.3 in Lira (P < 0.05). The mean frequency sugar score was 2.6 and sugar consumption was higher in females and in students of highly educated parents compared to their counterparts in the opposite groups. In conclusion, higher mean DMFT scores in urban than in rural areas are often reported from developing countries but this does not seem to apply to the Ugandan areas investigated. Kampala and Lira students were equally exposed to sweets and soft drinks but the differences in sugar consumption between students of higher and lower educated parents were most marked in Lira.     

DMFT, dmft and treatment requirements of schoolchildren in Asturias, Spain

An epidemiological survey was carried out in 1992 to study the dental health status of schoolchildren aged 6, 9 and 12 in Asturias, Spain. It focused on the caries prevalence, dmtf, DMFT, restoration indices and dental treatment needs of this population. A representative sample of 1839 subjects, randomly selected and proportionally assigned by age group (6, 9 and 12) with the classroom as the sample unit, was examined. Analysis of the data showed that in 6-year-old children the caries prevalence in primary teeth was 45.8%. The mean caries in-dices were 2.10 dmft and 0.25 DMFT. At 9 years old the prevalence of caries in primary teeth was 62.8% and in the permanent teeth 49.1%. The mean level of caries was 2.38 dmft and 1.50 DMFT. At 12 years old the caries prevalence in permanent teeth was 71% and in first molars 64.2%. The mean caries experienced was 3.30 DMFT. In all groups the D-component constituted the major part of the caries index. The results for girls were higher than for boys in almost all age groups. Surface fillings were the treatment most required in all age groups.     

2005年北京市城、乡12岁人群口腔健康流行病学抽样调查

目的了解北京市12岁年龄组城乡人群恒牙龋病、牙周健康及氟牙症状况,为北京市口腔卫生保健工作提供信息支持。方法采用多阶段分层等容量随机抽样的方法,抽取北京市12岁城乡常住人口792人,男女各半。按照《第三次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查方案》口腔健康检查中牙列状况检查方法和标准,使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙牙冠龋病、牙周健康状况及氟牙症。数据采用SPSS11.5软件统计。结果12岁组恒牙患龋率26.39%,龋均0.47;患龋率和龋均城、乡之间无显著性差异。城市男性低于女性;农村男、女之间无显著性差异。牙龈出血检出率62.88%,人均2.77颗;牙石检出率58.59%,人均3.13颗。氟牙症患病率3.41%,社区氟牙症指数为0.10。结论北京市12岁年龄组人群患龋率及龋均较低,但农村学生的龋齿充填率偏低;牙龈出血及牙石检出率城市学生均高于农村学生;氟牙症患病率和社区氟牙症指数属于正常范围。     

Dental caries experience in Ghana among 12-year-old urban and rural schoolchildren

Children aged 12 years from two geographical regions in Ghana were examined for dental caries according to criteria of the World Health Organization. Urban and rural areas were included, the urban sample comprising 502 children attending both private (fee-paying) schools and government (non-fee-paying) schools and the rural sample 483 children attending government schools. A high proportion (78%) of the children examined were found to be caries free. The mean DMFT (decayed, missing, filled teeth) value for the urban children was 0.7 with 68% caries free, whilst that of rural children was 0.2 with 88% caries free, a statistically significant difference. Most of the caries recorded involved the occlusal surfaces of the first permanent molars, mandibular teeth being the most frequently affected. There were no missing of filled teeth among rural children. The results indicate that, compared with earlier studies in Ghana, dental caries is not increasing in this age group. The DMFT values reported here are the lowest recorded since 1968.