肝包虫病的CT表现1例报道

1临床资料 　　患者,男性, 60岁,因畏寒,发热近 1个月来院就诊, B超及同位素显示肝囊性占位。 CT扫描示肝右叶后段有一 4.5cm× 3.8cm类圆形低密度影,边界清楚, CT值为 19.2HU,囊壁呈环形钙化,厚薄不均,囊内有小条状稍高密度影,增强后病灶无强化 (图 1)。 CT拟诊为①肝囊肿继发感染;②肝包虫囊肿;③肝脓肿。穿刺后病理诊断为肝包虫病。 2讨论 　　肝包虫病即棘球蚴病,有两种类型。一是细粒棘球绦虫虫卵感染引起的囊型包虫病;二是由多房棘球绦虫虫卵感染所致的泡型包虫病,后者仅占 1％～ 2％。细粒棘球蚴在肝内以包囊膨…     

肝包虫破入胆总管1例治疗体会

肝包囊虫病是细粒棘球虫的蚴虫侵入肝脏后，所引起的一种囊性病变，亦称刺球蚴虫病，为畜牧区常见多发病，现将，本院将肝包虫破入胆总管1例报告如下。     

肝包虫囊肿的磁共振诊断

对１０例经手术证实的肝包虫囊肿（又称细粒棘球蚴病）的磁共振成像（ＭＲＩ）进行分析，认为其特征性表现为：囊壁呈光滑厚薄均一的低信号的包膜，在Ｔ２加权像上显示更加清楚；母囊内有数个大小不等的子囊，整个病灶呈多房性似玫瑰花状。本文对肝包虫囊肿与肝内其它囊性占位病变的鉴别诊断进行了探讨。     

肝包虫病治疗的研究进展

肝包虫病亦称肝棘球蚴病,是棘球绦虫的囊状幼虫(棘球蚴)寄生在人体肝脏所致的一种慢性寄生虫病.我国肝包虫病由于致病源不同分为两类,占大多数的是一种由细粒棘球蚴引起的单房性包虫病(肝包虫囊肿),少数是由多房性或泡状棘球蚴感染所致的肝泡状棘球蚴病(滤泡型肝包虫病).     

细粒棘球蚴病34例临床病理分析

目的 探讨人体细粒棘球蚴病的临床、病理学特征及鉴别诊断。方法 通过相关文献复习，对34例细粒棘球蚴病标本进行光镜观察，对其临床及组织形态学资料进行分析。结果 细粒棘球蚴病在人体组织中呈囊性占位性病变，肝脏最常见（占70．5％），肺脏次之（占14．6％），女性显著多于男性，男女之比为1：2．7。30例可见角质层，3例可见原头蚴。角质层与正常组织间为厚薄不一的肉芽组织。结论 细粒棘球蚴病在牧区有广泛传播流行，女性为主要受害人群，肝脏为主要受累器官。临床上容易误诊为肝囊肿、肝脓肿、肝癌，严重危害人体健康。     

肝脏及肺部泡状棘球蚴病CT表现（附11例肝肺病例报告）

目的分析肝脏及肺部泡状棘球蚴病的CT表现，探讨肝脏及肺部泡状棘球蚴痛的CT诊断及鉴别方法分析临床及手术病理证实的9例肝脏及2例肺脏泡状棘球蚴病螺旋CT表现。结果2例肺泡状棘球蚴病CT均表现为实性病灶，边缘清楚，未见钙化影。9例肝脏泡状棘球蚴病中5例表现为中心以实性为主周围伴有多发性小空泡征的圆形、椭圆形阴影，边缘光滑，其中3例囊肿壁有不同程度环形钙化。2例为实性病灶，部分囊壁环形钙化，囊内无小空泡征（小囊肿）。2例CT表现为斑块状低密度影，分界不清，中间散在分布斑点钙化影。结论螺旋CT可以很好显示肝肺泡状包虫病病灶，对肝肺泡状包虫病具有较高的诊断率。     

肝泡状棘球蚴病的CT诊断

<正>肝棘球蚴病是棘球绦虫的幼虫寄生于肝脏引起的寄生虫病,流行于牧区。棘球蚴有细粒棘球绦虫和泡状棘球绦虫两种,前者多见,引起囊状棘球蚴病,亦称肝包虫囊肿病,后者引起泡状棘球蚴病。肝泡状棘球蚴病主要见于我国西北地     

183例肝细粒棘球蚴虫病诊治体会

自１９８６年至１９９２年６月间收治并经手术证实的肝细粒棘球蚴病１８３例（又称肝包囊虫病），其中包囊虫局限于肝脏者１４３例（７８．１４％），肝脏和其他脏器共存者２５例（１３．６６％），并发脏器外组织包囊虫病１５例（８．２％）。着重介绍其诊断和治疗问题。尤其是对Ｃａｓｏｎｉ试验的阳性率及鉴别诊断提出意见。并阐述手术治疗的方法，对１０例完整内摘除或穿刺内摘除的单纯性肝包虫行外囊敞开术获得满意效果。对手术过程中杀死头节及子囊的消毒剂应用，术中保护术野及引流问题做了详细的介绍。对合并症的防治也提出了初步意见。     

肝细粒棘球蚴病的CT诊断

本文报道67例肝细粒棘球蚴病的CT表现,其中包括单房性包虫囊肿32例、多房性包虫囊肿35例。囊肿有钙化42例,并发破裂/感染34例。作者认为本病最主要的CT表现为肝内有边缘光滑、密度均匀的圆形或卵圆形阴影,CT值近于水。囊壁的显示及其钙化、子囊的存在,囊膜剥离征则具有特征性,可作为CT诊断本病的重要依据。作者探讨了本病CT表现的病理基础,并提出与肝囊肿、肝脓肿、坏死性或囊性肝转移瘤以及少见的肝内胆管癌和特殊的肝癌的鉴别。     

多房性泡球蚴肺部侵犯

分析20例泡球蚴病(以下简称泡球蚴病)肺部侵犯,并按放射学的两类区分为Ⅰ或Ⅱ型。Ⅰ型呈多发性、小的、边界模糊、不规则的病变、局限于周围肺野而且发展缓慢;Ⅱ型位于右肺基底部呈各种改变。Ⅰ型来自血源性转移,而Ⅱ型系肝内病变穿透横膈所致。鉴别诊断:包括肿瘤及感染等,特别是囊性棘球蚴病,鉴别困难。仅Ⅰ型改变结合实验室所见及地理分布可得出诊断。(?)囊性棘球蚴病(或细粒棘球蚴病)因为广泛流行分布,已为临床学者及放射学家所熟知,而关于泡球蚴(多房性泡球蚴病)的报道仍是不多。棘球蚴囊肿与泡球蚴病二者生活发展周期均需变换宿主。通常仅肝脏受侵犯、而其他器官的侵犯不是经血行传播感染就是藉病变的直接扩展蔓延。通常包虫囊     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.