美宝皮康霜治疗足癣药效动态研究

目的：观察美宝皮康霜对皮肤癣菌的作用。方法：对10例水疱型和鳞屑型足癣患者分别局部外用美宝皮康霜治疗。在治疗前后分别取皮(鳞)屑用10％KOH溶液法镜检皮肤癣菌．同时对其中鳞屑型足癣患者的鳞屑作组织切片HE染色，镜检皮肤癣菌菌丝、孢子和细胞组织等的变化．结果：经美宝皮康霜治疗4周，临床症状全部痊愈，但皮(鳞)屑镜检皮肤癣菌有9例呈阳性，仅l例阴性。继续治疗4周，仅有l例为阳性。该例患者于次年夏季在鳞屑中再次找到菌丝，又经6周治疗后，皮肤癣菌呈阴性。镜检HE染色的组织片，治疗前后有明显差异。结论：美宝皮康霜止痒、抗菌效果显著，可见到有加速皮损部位表皮细胞补偿性再生(病理性再生)现象．     

Research progress of Hemoporfin--part one: preclinical study

The second generation photosensitizer Hemoporfin (7(12)-(1-methoxyethyl) -12(7)-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3,8,13,17-tetramethyl-21H,23H-porphin-2,18-dipropionic acid) is a porphyrin derivative which processes a stable structure, high singlet oxygen yield, high photoactivity, low dark toxicity and fast clearance rate. Hemoporfin, also known as hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) has been studied and used in photodynamic therapy (PDT) in China since 1989. This series of reports will provide an overview on the preclinical and clinical studies of this PDT photosensitizer. The first part of this series will highlight the results of preclinical studies that focused on the compound's optical characteristics, mechanism of the activities, pharmacological and toxicological properties.     

肝癌经导管动脉灌注化疗栓塞术疗效的MR扩散加权成像动态研究

目的探讨MR扩散加权成像(DWI)在原发性肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)疗效动态评价中的作用。方法在1.5TGE Signa Twin speed MR机上,取扩散敏感梯度因子(b值)为0及800s/mm2,利用固定参数组合的自旋回波-平面回波(SE-EPI)序列对首次行TACE治疗的25例肝癌肿块分别于术前24~48h、术后36~48h、术后7~10d、术后30~38d内各进行1次DWI,对每次的图像进行后处理,计算出每例肝癌每个时点的表观扩散系数(ADC值),对各个时点的ADC值进行对比研究,并结合第1次TACE术后与第2次TACE术前肿瘤的血管造影染色及碘油沉积的改变判断肿瘤的复发情况。结果术前24~48h、术后36~48h、术后7~10d、术后30~38d组的ADC值分别为(1.376±0.012)×10-3mm2/s、(1.598±0.012)×10-3mm2/s、(1.723±0.012)×10-3mm2/s、(1.684±0.012)×10-3mm2/s。术后各组肝癌组织的ADC值较术前明显升高(P<0.05);术后7~10d、术后30~38d组的ADC值较术后36~48h组明显升高(P<0.05);术后30~38d的ADC值较术后7~10d组明显降低(P<0.05)。将第1次TACE术后与第2次TACE术前的造影片及碘油沉积片对比见术后30~38d ADC值下降的肝癌病例都有不同程度的复发,ADC值下降明显的复发也最为明显。结论利用MR DWI技术对肝癌组织的ADC值进行动态观察,可以评价肝癌TACE术后癌组织的坏死、复发情况。     

Radiotherapeutic efficacy of (153)Sm-CMDTPA-Tyr(3)-octreotate in tumor-bearing rats

A number of radiolabeled somatostatin analogs have been evaluated in animal tumor models for radiotherapeutic efficacy. The majority of the agents tested have used either high-energy beta-emitters, such as Y-90 or Re-188, or the Auger electron-emitting radionuclide, In-111. Because a medium-energy beta-emitter might have equivalent efficacy compared to high-energy emitters, and lower toxicity to non-target tissues, we have evaluated the therapeutic potential of the beta-emitting nuclide, Sm-153, chelated to the somatostatin analog, CMDTPA-Tyr(3)-octreotate. Using an in vitro binding assay, this octreotate derivative was shown to have high affinity for the somatostatin subtype-2 receptor (IC(50) = 2.7 nM). Biodistribution studies in CA20948 tumor-bearing Lewis rats demonstrate that the Sm-153 labeled compound has high uptake and retention in tumor tissue (1.7% injected dose/g tissue, 4 hrs post injection) and has rapid overall clearance properties from non-target tissue. Radiotherapy studies were carried out using (153)Sm-CMDTPA-Tyr(3)-octreotate and CA20948 tumor bearing Lewis rats at 7 days post implant. Dose regimens consisting of single and multiple i.v. injections of 5.0 mCi/rat (185 MBq) were employed over a time span of 7 days. Suppression of tumor growth rate was observed in all treated animals compared to untreated controls. Greater inhibition of tumor growth was observed in animals that received multiple doses. These studies indicate that medium-energy beta-emitting isotopes have considerable potential for the treatment of somatostatin receptor-positive tumors.     

美宝湿润烧伤膏治疗特应性皮炎的疗效观察

目的：探讨美宝湿润烧伤膏治疗轻中度特应性皮炎（AD）的临床疗效。 方法：治疗慢性AD患者90例,病情为轻、中度。随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组45例。治疗组：外用美宝湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)治疗,每日2次;对照组：外用丁酸氢化可的松乳膏,每日2次。连用4周。 结果：治疗组痊愈率22.2％,有效率为66.7％,对照组痊愈率26.7％,有效率为73.3％;治疗组与对照组疗效无差异性(P>0.05)。 结论：美宝湿润烧伤膏(MEBO)能明显改善了AD患者皮损的严重程度,对轻、中度AD患者的治疗中疗效等同于中强效激素,可有效控制其临床症状,并发症少,适合中、长期使用,具有很好的临床应用价值。     

Evaluating the role of zinc in the occurrence of fibrosis of the skin: A preclinical study

Purpose

To investigate the possible role of Zn as a trigger for NSF we were using a previously established preclinical model. The depletion of endogenous Zinc ions (Zn) caused by the administration of gadolinium‐based contrast agents (GBCAs) has been suggested as a possible pathomechanism for nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF).

Materials and Methods

In the Zn supplementation study, rats were injected with Gadodiamide, Omniscan, and Magnevist with or without Zn supplementation. In the Zn depletion study, animals were kept on a Zn‐deficient diet or a special control diet and received injections of Omniscan, OptiMARK, Magnevist, Gadovist, and Gd‐EDTA. Gd, Zn, and Cu concentrations in tissue were measured and histology of the skin was performed.

Results

As seen in earlier studies, a difference in Gd concentration in the skin was observed following treatment with the different GBCAs. High Gd concentration in the skin correlated with the occurrence of NSF‐like skin lesions. We observed no differences in the occurrence of skin lesions between the Zn supplementation and the Zn‐deficient groups compared to their respective control groups.

Conclusion

We found no significant effect of Zn on the initiation of NSF‐like skin lesions. The results further support data from previous studies highlighting the importance of complex stability of the investigated GBCAs. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009;30:374–383. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

后路腰椎间盘镜(MED)辅助胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉置钉技术的可行性、安全性和临床疗效观察

目的观察后路腰椎间盘镜(MED)辅助胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉置钉技术的可行性、安全性和临床疗效。方法笔者医院2012年1月~2014年1月期间接诊的80例胸腰椎骨折行单纯微创椎弓根螺钉内固定患者作为研究对象,将其随机分为两组,每组40例。两组均进行常规检查,对照组患者用Sextant系统经皮穿刺置入空心椎弓根螺钉进行治疗,研究组用MED下置入普通椎弓根螺钉进行治疗,记录两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、切口长度、透视次数、操作方便性等各指标值以及两组患者的TLICS评分、VAS评分、JOA评分、并发症发生率、住院时间、住院费用、治疗后满意度等术后情况,并对其结果进行比较分析。结果两组患者在手术时间、术中出血量、TLICS评分、VAS评分、住院时间以及切口长度等指标方面均没有明显的差异,无统计学意义(P0.05);研究组住院费用明显低于对照组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。研究组患者的并发症发生率为5.0%,对照组为7.5%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);经过治疗,研究组患者的总满意度为92.5%,而对照为75.0%,差异显著。术前两组患者的JOA评分没有明显差异,无统计学意义(P0.05);术后两组患者JOA评分均有明显的变化,且研究组患者的变化程度明显大于对照组患者,差异显著,具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 MED辅助胸腰椎椎弓根螺钉治疗胸腰椎骨折可以明显改善患者的胸腰椎功能,降低了手术的风险,患者满意度较高,安全性更高,具有临床应用价值,值得推广。     

FDG模块自动化合成2-18F-乙酸盐及其临床前研究

目的研究国产商用^18F—FDG模块自动化合成2-^18F-乙酸盐的可行性及其肿瘤显像。方法在商用FDG模块上未经修改参数，采用柱色层水解和纯化合成2-^18F-乙酸盐，并进行了放化纯、稳定性检测，生物学分布实验及荷乳腺癌和肺腺癌小鼠显像。结果采用商用FDG模块自动化合成2-^18F-乙酸盐，无需高效液相色谱（HPLC）法纯化，时间短，产率高，平均合成效率达59．3％，放化纯〉99％，合成时间为23min。2-^18F-乙酸盐的稳定性高，毒性较低，正常鼠生物学分布示血液清除慢，PET显像示乳腺癌和肺腺癌特异性摄取示踪剂。结论2^18F-乙酸盐是一种有潜在应用前景的肿瘤显像剂。     

Positron emission tomography (pet) methodology for small animals and its application in radiopharmaceutical preclinical investigation

The use and usefulness of positron emission tomography (PET) to quantify the specific and selective in vivo binding of radioligands in small laboratory animals is briefly reviewed up to the end of 1996. Emphasis is placed on practical experience with a dedicated, small diameter, tomograph (built in collaboration with CTI, Knoxville, TN), implementing conventional PET methodology.     

Evaluation of the clinical safety and efficacy of iobitridol (Xenetix) in intravenous urography

The aim of this study is to report on the clinical safety and diagnostic efficacy of iobitridol (Xenetix®) in intravenous urography compared to iohexol (Omnipaque®) or iopamidol (Iopamiro®). A total of 120 patients underwent intravenous urography (ivu); 60 received Xenetix and 60 either Omnipaque (30 patients) or Iopamiro (30 patients) according to the center where they were treated. Clinical safety was assessed by the reporting of adverse events and diagnostic efficacy was evaluated. Warmth sensation was the most commonly reported adverse event. Two cases of nausea and vomiting were reported. Concerning diagnostic efficacy, 72–74% of the ivu examinations were rated good or excellent by the physician. These studies confirm that Xenetix is a suitable contrast agent for ivu.     

腰椎间盘镜下髓核摘除术治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效分析

目的 探讨显微内镜椎间盘摘除术(microendoscopic discectomy,MED)治疗腰椎间盘突出症的疗效.方法 回顾性分析32例经MED治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果.结果 32例中27例完成镜下操作,随访4～54个月,优24例,良3例;术中出血30～400ml,平均120ml,切口长度平均2cm.中转开放手术5例,马尾神经损伤1例,硬膜损伤1例,损伤椎管内静脉丛3例.结论 MED具有手术切口小、创伤小、出血少、神经根减压彻底、不影响脊柱稳定性、术后恢复快等优点,但易出现较多的并发症.     

A stylized computational model of the rat for organ dosimetry in support of preclinical evaluations of peptide receptor radionuclide therapy with (90)Y, (111)In, or (177)Lu.

The therapeutic effects of peptide receptor-based radionuclide therapy are extensively being investigated in rats bearing tumors. Both the dose to the tumor and the therapy-limiting dose to normal tissues, such as kidneys and bone marrow, are of interest for these preclinical studies. The aim of this work was to develop a generalized computational model for internal dosimetry in rats. METHODS: Mature rats were dissected and the relative positions, dimensions, and weights of all of their major organs were measured. A mathematic model was set up for the rat body and its internal organs to enable Monte Carlo radiation transport calculations to determine estimates for both tumor and organ self-doses as cross-organ doses for (90)Y, (111)In, and (177)Lu. The organs and body were mostly of ellipsoid shape with the axes given as the measured length, width, and height normalized to values that, together with the measured weights, are consistent with the recommended soft-tissue and bone densities. A spheric tumor of 0.25 g was positioned on the right femur. Calculations were performed with the Monte Carlo neutral particle transport code MCNP for the beta-emitters (maximum energy, 2.28 MeV) and (177)Lu (maximum energy, 0.497 MeV) and for the gamma-emissions from (177)Lu and from (111)In. The presented absorbed dose S values are used to calculate the absorbed dose estimates for the rat organs in a study on the biodistribution of (177)Lu-DOTA-Tyr(3)-octreotate (DOTA is 1,4,7,10-tetraazadodecane-N,N',N",N"'-tetraacetic acid). Three activity distributions were considered in the kidney: uniform in the whole kidney, in the cortex, or in the outer 1-mm-thick rim of the cortex. Isodose curves and dose volume histograms were calculated for the dose distribution to the kidneys. RESULTS: Depending on the activity distribution in the kidneys, the renal dose for (177)Lu-DOTA-Tyr(3)-octreotate is 0.13-0.17 mGy/MBq. CONCLUSION: The renal dose of 70-95 Gy for an injected activity of 555 MBq will likely cause radiation damage, although the higher amount of peptide with this activity may influence the dosimetry by partial receptor saturation. Dose volume histograms show that (111)In and (177)Lu are likely to have a higher threshold for renal damage than (90)Y.     

解剖型锁定钢板内固定与股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗粗隆间骨折疗效比较研究

目的探讨解剖型锁定钢板内固定(LCP)和股骨防旋近端髓内钉(PFNA)治疗股骨粗隆间骨折临床疗效。方法选取2013年1月~2014年6月笔者医院收治的120例股骨粗隆骨折患者,依据治疗方法分为对照组(解剖型锁定钢板,n=60)和观察组(股骨近端防旋髓内钉,n=60)。比较两组患者的手术相关临床指标、术后恢复情况、临床疗效以及术后并发症情况。结果观察组患者切口长度、手术时间、术中以及术后出血量[(7.0±1.1)cm、(70.2±10.2)min、(136.3±43.2)m L和(160.3±50.2)m L]均低于对照组患者[(13.7±1.3)cm、(98.5±15.3)min、(185.3±64.3)m L和(240.4±64.3)m L],P0.05;观察组患者住院时间、下床时间、骨折愈合时间以及术后早期锻炼时间[(10.3±2.3)d、(10.4±1.2)d、(10.4±1.0)d和(6.3±2.3)d]均低于对照组患者[(20.1±3.2)d、(28.3±4.3)d、(14.1±1.2)d和(11.4±5.3)d],P0.05;观察组患者临床疗效(96.7%)优于对照组患者(88.3%,P0.05);观察组患者术后并发症发生率(3.3%)低于对照组患者(20.0%),P0.05。结论股骨近端防旋髓内钉治疗股骨粗隆间骨折临床疗效显著,创伤小,术后恢复快,骨折愈合时间短,并发症少,值得临床推广应用。     

Clinical efficacy of 3D-MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with the T2Plus technique

The T2Plus technique is an MR method in which longitudinal magnetization is recovered by the application of a -90 degrees radiofrequency pulse in the recovery period after data acquisition. The present study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of the 3D-fast advanced spin echo (FASE) sequence with T2Plus technique in improving the image quality of respiratory-triggered 3D-MRCP. We performed a phantom study and clinical study in 60 cases. In the clinical study, ERCP and CT images were used as the gold standard for evaluating visualization of the pancreato-biliary system with the T2Plus technique. In the phantom study, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of distilled water was higher in the shorter TR owing to the effectiveness of the T2Plus technique. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the biliary tract and the pancreatic duct to the liver were significantly higher (P<0.05) with the T2Plus technique. On visual evaluation by two experienced abdominal radiologists, the left and right hepatic duct, common hepatic duct, common bile duct, main pancreatic duct, and accessory pancreatic duct were visualized more clearly with the T2Plus technique (P<0.05). Improvement of the image quality of MRCP can be obtained by applying the T2Plus technique.     

特比萘芬片联合复方酮康唑软膏治疗股癣临床观察

目的比较特比萘芬片、复方酮康唑软膏及两种药物联合应用治疗股癣的疗效。方法 278例门诊病人随机抽签分成3组,分别用特比萘芬片、复方酮康唑软膏及两种药物联合治疗。结果特比组痊愈率57.78%;酮康组痊愈率61.80%;联合组痊愈率96.63%。差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论 3种疗法均有效,联合组的疗效明显高于其他两组。     

Stereotactic CT-guided percutaneous stabilization of posterior pelvic ring fractures: a preclinical cadaver study

PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of frameless stereotactic computed tomographic (CT)-guided wire placement for percutaneous fixation of posterior pelvic ring fractures in human cadavers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four intact human cadavers were fixated in a double-vacuum immobilization system. A 2.5-mm helical CT dataset was obtained and transferred to the three-dimensional (3D) navigation system. In every specimen, two paths on each side (total number, 16) were defined on multiplanar reconstructions of the 3D CT datasets, simulating fixation of the iliosacral joint. An aiming device was adjusted according to the plan, and a 2.5-mm pin was advanced through the aiming device to the precalculated target point. To determine the accuracy of pin placement, a control CT scan was co-registered to the planning CT scan (with the planned trajectories). The distance between the planned and achieved positions of the pins (3D accuracy) was calculated in millimeters. RESULTS: The mean 3D accuracy was 1.84 mm +/- 0.9 (standard deviation) at the bone entrance point and 2.5 mm +/- 1.2 at the target, as determined with image fusion between the planning CT scan and the control CT scan with the pins in place. CONCLUSIONS: The described technique enables accurate placement of pins in the pelvis and may be useful for percutaneous orthopedic procedures.