Influence of nonhemodynamic factors on the microcirculation in moderate arterial essential hypertension.

This study is aimed at examining the role of non-hemodynamic factors on the impaired microcirculation in patients with moderate essential hypertension. In a series of 31 patients (mean age, 47.8 +/- 1.1 years) with newly diagnosed untreated moderate essential hypertension (mean systolic blood pressure 161.7 +/- 2.0 mm Hg, mean diastolic blood pressure 102.4 +/- 1.5 mm Hg), parameters of the capillaroscopic examination of the finger microcirculation (mean number of capillaries, NRCAP), length of the capillaries (LECAP, microns), diameter micron) of the efferent (EFDI) and afferent (AFDI) apillaries, and mean red blood cell velocity (RBCV, microns/sec), which was measured by the flying spot technique, were correlated with a number of hormones (sampled after an overnight fast) including: plasma renin activity, aldosterone, and parathyroid hormone (PTH). A significant correlation (P less than .05) could be obtained between several parameters of the microcirculation and PTH:PTH (23.8 +/- 1.4 pg/mL)-NRCAP (14.9 +/- 0.5): r = -0.440, P = .013; PTH-AFDI (4.0 +/- 0.5 microns): r = 0.442, P = .012; PTH-EFDI (2.8 +/- 0.5 microns): r = 0.416, P = .019; PTH-RBCV (711 +/- 69 microns/sec): r = -0.351, P = .05. Furthermore, 24-h urinary norepinephrine (U-NOR) and afferent and efferent diameter of the capillaries intercorrelated significantly: U-NOR (46.0 +/- 6.2 micrograms/24 h)-AFDI: r = 0.439, P = .034; U-NOR-EFDI; r = 0.462, P = .025. This study shows that in patients with moderate essential arterial hypertension nonhemodynamic factors have an influence at the level of the microcirculation.     

Circadian blood pressure changes and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension

The effects of circadian blood pressure (BP) changes on the echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy were investigated in 235 consecutive subjects (137 unselected untreated patients with essential hypertension and 98 healthy normotensive subjects) who underwent 24-hour noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) and cross-sectional and M-mode echocardiography. In the hypertensive group, LV mass index correlated with nighttime (8:00 PM to 6:00 AM) systolic (r = 0.51) and diastolic (r = 0.35) blood pressure more closely than with daytime (6:00 AM to 8:00 PM) systolic (r = 0.38) and diastolic (r = 0.20) BP, or with casual systolic (r = 0.33) and diastolic (r = 0.27) BP. Hypertensive patients were divided into two groups by presence (group 1) and absence (group 2) of a reduction of both systolic and diastolic BP during the night by an average of more than 10% of the daytime pressure. Casual BP, ambulatory daytime systolic and diastolic BP, sex, body surface area, duration of hypertension, prevalence of diabetes, quantity of sleep during monitoring, funduscopic changes, and serum creatinine did not differ between the two groups. LV mass index, after adjustment for the age, the sex, the height, and the daytime BP differences between the two groups (analysis of covariance) was 82.4 g/m2 in the normotensive patient group, 83.5 g/m2 in hypertensive patients of group 1 and 98.3 g/m2 in hypertensive patients of group 2 (normotensive patients vs. group 1, p = NS; group 1 vs. group 2, p = 0.002).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Influence of left ventricular hypertrophy on its function in essential arterial hypertension. Analysis by Doppler echocardiography

In order to evaluate the influence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) on the function of this ventricle, twenty patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) were studied using Doppler echocardiography. Patients with diastolic blood pressure greater than 91 mmHg were included. Antihypertensive treatment was stopped 2 weeks before the study. None of them had any concomitant coronary artery disease nor kidney involvement. Left ventricular diameters, left ventricular mass (LVM), stroke volume, fractional shortening, mean velocity of circumferential shortening (Vcfr), mean velocity of circumferential relaxation, mean velocity of aortic flow and mean E and A velocities of mitral flow as well as the ratio of these velocities (E/A) were measured or calculated. With those values from the entire group, arithmetic means were calculated and the population was divided into two groups: those with values greater than the mean and those with values below the mean for each variable for comparative purposes. The relationship of the individual values was also calculated. The interventricular septum thickness and the left ventricular end diastolic diameter were proportional with diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05). The LVM values shown an inverse relationship to the fractional shortening (p less than 0.01), Vcfr (p less than 0.05) as well as end diastolic diameter of left ventricle (r = -0.889, p less than 0.01) and with the stroke volume (r = -0.861, p less than 0.01). The E/A ratio was proportional to the fractional shortening (p less than 0.05) and to Vcfr (r = 0.903). The A velocity of the mitral Doppler flow showed an inverse proportion to the Vcfr (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Arrhythmogenicity in left ventricular hypertrophy in mild to moderate arterial hypertension]

BACKGROUND. Several studies have evidenced that hypertensive patients (pts) with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) have an increased incidence of malignant ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. The purpose of our study was to investigate the prevalence of risky ventricular arrhythmias in uncomplicated hypertensive pts (untreated during last 10 days) in comparison with normotensive ones. In this context, not only the value of left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was taken into account, but also the type of LVH and the related functional behaviour. PATIENTS AND METHODS. 59 untreated mild to moderate essential hypertensives (EH), without symptoms or signs of coronary artery disease, were classified in 3 groups: normal (i.e. without hypertrophy) EH (NEH: 12 pts, 6 M and 6 F, mean age +/- SD 52 +/- 10 yrs), concentric hypertrophic EH (CEH: 30 pts, 15 M and 15 F, mean age +/- SD 59 +/- 10 yrs), and eccentric hypertrophic EH (EEH: 17 pts, 7 M and 10F, mean age +/- SD 60 +/- 10 yrs), according to echocardiographic measurements. Values and duration of arterial hypertension were comparable among the groups. A normotensive, age-matched group was studied as control (C: 21 pts, 11 M and 10 F, mean age +/- SD, 57 +/- 10 yrs). 24-hour Holter electrocardiographic monitoring (ECG-H) and Signal-Averaged electrocardiography (SAECG) were performed seeking to identify the arrhythmogenic risk. Echocardiographic analysis was accomplished by means of a computerized system: LVMI, ratio of LV wall thickness to LV internal radius (relative wall thickness = RWTh), systolic velocity of circumferential fractioning (VCFs), peak of LV relaxation rate (pLVRr) and peak-systolic stress (pSS) were evaluated. RESULTS. Normal LV systolic function was generally found, but both NEH and EEH groups showed a significant reduction in pLVRr in comparison with C and CEH groups (mean values +/- SD: 3.52 +/- 1,3 and 3.40 +/- 0.9 vs 4.92 +/- 0.4 and 4.27 +/- 1.4 sec-1, respectively, p < .05 for both). pSS was significantly higher in EEH and NEH than in CEH and C (mean values +/- SD: 149 +/- 42 and 157 +/- 66 vs 116 +/- 28 and 122 +/- 15 10(3) dynes/cm2, respectively; p < .05 for both). At ECG-H, EEH had a prevalence of potentially malignant ventricular arrhythmias (PMVA: ventricular extrasystoles > or = 30/h; ventricular couplets, > or = 2 episodes/24h, or triplets, > or = 1 episode/24h; R on T), significantly larger than in C (35.3% vs 4.8%, p < .05) and almost significantly larger than in NEH and CEH (8.3% and 10%, respectively). No differences in LVMI were found between EEH with or without PMVA. In respect of functional LV behaviour, the former group showed lower values of VCFs (2.33 +/- 0.6 vs 3.71 +/- 1.32 sec-1, (p < .005) than the latter group. At SAECG, the EEH exhibited again a greater prevalence of abnormal findings than C (35.3% vs 0%, p < 0.5). No correlations were found between ECG-H and SAECG abnormalities, nor between the latter group and LVMI or LV functional indexes. Among pts showing a more pronounced impairment of diastolic function (pLVRr < 4 sec-1), EEH exhibited the highest prevalence of both PMVA (50%) and late potentials (41%). CONCLUSIONS. Our data suggest that uncomplicated mild to moderate essential hypertension may be associated with higher risk of ventricular arrhythmias, particularly when cardiac involvement is characterized by eccentric LVH. On the contrary, in this stage of hypertensive disease, LVMI as well as LV function do not seem to influence the ventricular arrhythmogenesis. The clinical importance of these findings is uncertain, and further studies are needed.     

高血压病患者昼夜血压及性别与左室肥厚的关系

目的：研究高血压病（EH）患者昼夜血压变化和性别与左室肥厚（LVH）之间的关系，并探讨其临床意义。方法：对54例EH患者进行24h动态血压监测和超声心动图检查，男女性患者分成杓型和非杓型两组，比较昼夜血压变化与室间隔厚度、左室舒张末期内径、左室后壁厚度、左室重量等指标。结果：女性非杓型组LVH的程度及24h平均收缩压、夜间收缩压、睡眠时最低收缩压均较杓型组显著增加（P＜0．05和0．01）。而男性杓型与非杓型组之间各指标均无明显差异（均P＞0．05）。结论：女性EH患者LVH的程度非杓型者比杓型者更严重。     

Exercise performance in essential hypertension with special reference to blood pressure response and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Exercise performance in essential hypertension (EH) and its relations to blood pressure (BP) response and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) were studied. Twenty-three patients with mild to moderate EH and 12 controls underwent symptom-limited (except BP elevation more than 250 mm Hg) ergometer exercise. Exercise performance was evaluated by the oxygen uptake (VO2/kg) at anaerobic threshold (AT) and at peak exercise (Peak). Left ventricular geometry and function, and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured using echocardiography. The endpoints of 12 patients (group A) and controls were fatigue. The endpoints of 11 patients (group B) were BP elevation. Though both group A and group B had concentric hypertrophy, group B showed severe LVH compared to group A and controls. The VO2/kg at AT or at Peak was not different among the three groups. Neither BP response or LVMI correlated with exercise performance in EH. We conclude that exercise performance is not disturbed in EH; that BP response to exercise is not related to exercise performance in EH; and that concentric LVH may be a compensatory mechanism to maintain exercise capacity against exaggerated BP elevation in EH.     

Effects of lisinopril vs hydralazine on left ventricular hypertrophy and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in essential hypertension

In order to compare the long-term effects on ambulatory bloodpressure and left ventricular hypertrophy of hydralazine andlisinopril we studied 30 patients, all , nales, still hypertensive(diastolic blood pressure 95 mmHg) despite combined beta-blockerldiuretictherapy and with echocardiographic evidence of left ventricularhypertrophy (left ventricular mass index 131 g. m^–1)They were randomized to receive hydralazine slow release 50mg twice daily or lisinopril 20mg once daily in addition toprevious therapy (atenolol 50 mglchlorthalidone 125 mg) for6 months. Casual blood pressure, non-invasive ambulatory bloodpressure monitoring (ABPM), M-mode echocardiogram, plasma reninactivity and plasma catecholamines were evaluated before therandomization and after 6 months of treatment. Both drugs significantlyreduced casual as well as daytime systolic and diastolic bloodpressure, without statistical differrences between the two treatments.Lisinopril was sign more effective than hydralazine in reducingnight-time systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Plasma norepinephrinewas significantly reduced by lisinopril and increased by hydralazine.Left ventricular mass was significantly reduced by lisinoprilbut not by hydralazine. The results of linear regression andmultiple regression analysis suggested that the lisinopril-induceddecrease in both day- and night-time blood pressure might accountfor the regression of left ventricular hypertrophy, whereasthe lack of left ventricular hypertrophy regression during hydralazinetreatment could be due mainly to the reflex sympathetic activationinduced by the drug.     

Ambulatory pulse pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and function in arterial hypertension

BACKGROUND: A wide pulse pressure (PP) can provide important risk assessment information about myocardial infarction, carotid artery atherosclerosis, and global cardiovascular risk. Ambulatory pulse pressure (APP) does not have a well-known prognostic value in hypertensive patients. METHODS:To evaluate the relationship among high APP, atrial volumes, and cardiac function, an observational study was performed on 108 untreated non-elderly hypertensive patients (mean age 54.23 +/- 7.12). Twenty-four-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, Doppler and echocardiographic measurements of systolic, diastolic function, left and right atrial volumes, left ventricular mass index and dimensions, were performed in subjects with both clinic and APP > 60 mmHg (APP1 Group). A control group of hypertensive selected subjects with both clinic and APP < 60 mmHg was chosen (APP 2 Group). RESULTS: The APP1 group showed left atrial volume enlargement, high left ventricular mass index, and impaired diastolic function. A positive correlation was found in the APP1 group results among left ventricular end diastolic diameter (r = 0.39, P < 0.01), left atrial volume (0.38, P < 0.05), and left ventricular mass index (r = 0.33, P < 0.05); clinic PP showed a statistically significant correlation with left atrial volume, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, and left ventricular mass index only in the APP1 group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that elevated APP can be considered an effective predictor of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive subjects. In these patients echocardiographic evaluation of left ventricular function and morphology can increase the prognostic value of PP.     

原发性高血压左心室肥厚与24小时平均脉压相关性的探讨

目的探讨原发性高血压(EH)左心室肥厚(LVH)与24h平均脉压(PP)和大动脉内径变化的关系。方法应用24h动态血压监测和超声心动图检查,测量并计算80例EH患者24h平均PP,左心室重量指数及主动脉根部内径。分LVH组和无LVH组,分别进行统计学比较。结果24h平均PP和主动脉根部内径在EH有LVH组和无LVH组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01),左心室重量指数与PP(r=0.3,P<0.01)和主动脉根部内径(r=0.5,P<0.01)之间存在一定的正相关。结论24h平均PP和大动脉内径增大,提示大动脉顺应性下降,在EH发生LVH中起重要作用。     

Nocturnal blood pressure reduction and development of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with treated essential hypertension

Background: Decreased blood pressure (BP) during the night may serve as a means of recovery for the cardiovascular system. No such decrease may represent a burden, possibly related to end organ damage not recognized by casual measurements. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of circadian BP to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in hypertensives as documented by echocardiography and/or 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Methods: The subjects were 26 hypertensive patients who had been followed-up and treated at the University Hospital in Basel for 3-18 years and whose ECGs were suitable for determining the presence or progression of LVH. Ambulatory BP was taken in all patients, and echocardiographical measures could be obtained in 20 patients. Signs of LVH in ECG and echocardiography were correlated with circadian BP. Results: Eight of the 26 patients had ECG signs of LVH although their office BP did not differ from that in the group without ECG evidence of LVH. Ambulatory BP recordings followed a different pattern in that only patients with ECG signs of LVH showed no reduction in night-time BP; daytime BPs were similar in both groups. The 10 patients who had echocardiographic signs of LVH did not show a night-time reduction in BP while those without did, and a significant one. Conclusions: Lack of night-time BP reduction may be important for the development of, or the lack of regression of, LVH in hypertensives despite apparently good control during office measurements.     

老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰与左心室肥厚的关系

目的探讨老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰与左心室肥厚的关系。方法选择老年原发性高血压患者80例,根据24 h动态血压监测分为2组:血压晨峰值≥55 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)为晨峰组,血压晨峰值<55mm Hg为非晨峰组,每组40例,均常规行超声心动图检查,计算左心室重量指数(LVMI)。结果晨峰组24h、昼间、夜间收缩压及血压晨峰均明显高于非晨峰组(P<0.05),晨峰组LVMI明显高于非晨峰组;左心室肥厚比例明显高于非晨峰组(P<0.05)。结论老年原发性高血压患者血压晨峰与左心室肥厚密切相关。     

老年原发性高血压患者晨峰现象与左心室肥厚

目的: 探讨老年原发性高血压晨峰现象与左心室肥厚的关系。方法: 老年原发性高血压患者107例根据24 h动态血压监测分为有晨峰现象（MBPS）组（40例）和无晨峰现象（NMBPS）组（67例）,检查空腹血脂、血糖和肌酐,并计算体质量指数（BMI）和左室质量指数（LVMI）。结果: MBPS组的24 h动态血压监测收缩压高于NMBPS组（P<0.05）。MBPS组的LVMI显著高于NMBPS组［（132±28）g/m2 vs.(113±28)g/m2,P<0.01］。结论: 老年原发性高血压有晨峰现象者更易发生左心室肥厚。     

Determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy in arterial hypertension

A long term study (2-7 years, mean 3.6 years) monitoring 112 clinical and echocardiographic pattern in 593 hypertensives and 156 normotensives was performed in order to find associations to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) developing later. 49% of the hypertensives developed echocardiographic signs of LVH (wall thickness of 12 mm and more), in contrast to 5.1% of normotensive persons. Multivariate analysis revealed the following parameters examined at entry were associated with LVH on follow-up: male sex, prolonged hypertensive history, higher diastolic blood pressure, frequent lipid-metabolism disturbances, uncharacteristic chest pain and less effective antihypertensive treatment. Thus, LVH development can be regarded as a multifactorial process.     

高龄高血压患者血压昼夜节律改变与左室肥厚的关系

目的:探讨高龄高血压患者动态血压昼夜节律改变与左室肥厚的关系。方法:对186例年龄≥75岁的高血压病患者进行动态血压监测,并应用超声心动图检测左室舒张末期内径、舒张期室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度,计算左心室重量及左心室重量指数。观察血压昼夜节律变化及左室结构的变化。结果:动态血压监测显示24h血压呈非勺型者为142例(76.34%),呈勺型者为44例(23.66%),非勺型组24h收缩压、舒张压均高于勺型组(P<0.01)。非勺型组室间隔厚度、左心室后壁厚度、左心室重量指数均较勺型组增加(P<0.05,<0.05,<0.01)。结论:高龄高血压患者70%以上血压昼夜节律失常,且左室肥厚的发生率明显增加。     

老年原发性高血压患者24小时动态血压与左室肥厚的关系

目的观察老年原发性高血压患者24h动态血压与左室肥厚的关系。方法选择老年原发性高血压患者58例,分别作24小时动态血压及心脏超声心动图检查,观察24h动态血压（包括24h平均收缩压、24h平均舒张压、24h平均脉压）与室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度的关系。结果24h平均收缩压、24h平均脉压与室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度有相关性（分别为前者：r=0.415、P〈0.01,r=0.363、P〈0.01;后者：r=0.336,P〈0.05,r=0.346,P〈0.05）。结论老年原发性高血压患者随着24h平均收缩压增高、24h平均脉压增大而左室肥厚。     

脉压对老年高血压病患者左心室肥厚的影响

目的　比较动态脉压和诊所脉压对老年高血压病患者左心室肥厚的影响。方法　选择初诊的轻 中度高血压病患者 118例。所有入选病例测量非同日 3次诊所血压、进行 2 4h动态血压监测和超声心动图检查。根据动态脉压和诊所脉压水平各分为 3组 ,并分别比较。结果　动态脉压与年龄、高血压病史、左心室重量指数、动脉僵硬度指数和体重指数呈显著的相关性。动脉僵硬度随分组脉压的增大呈显著递增 ,其与动态脉压的相关性明显强于诊所脉压。动态脉压与左心室重量指数的相关性明显强于诊所脉压。结论　脉压升高是老年高血压病患者左心室肥厚的重要危险因素 ,与诊所脉压比较 ,动态脉压更能反映高血压靶器官损害的程度。     

Ventricular arrhythmias and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension

BACKGROUND: Patients with essential hypertension and/or left ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular arrhythmias suffer from an increased mortality rate. In all previous studies on hypertension, the criterion for inclusion was diastolic blood pressure > 95 mmHg. This is a low selective threshold. Our study attempted to evaluate the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia in hypertensive patients not receiving pharmacological treatment and diagnosed by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM), therefore using a more selective criterion than WHO guidelines. METHODS: Hundred-twenty-height consecutive patients with hypertension diagnosed on the basis of WHO guidelines were screened for 24-h ambulatory blood pressure measurement. Eighty-five (66.4%) presented a 24-h mean blood pressure > 135/85 mmHg. All 85 patients were screened for M-mode, B-mode echocardiography, PW Doppler and 24-h ECG Holter recordings. RESULTS: Sixty patients (70.6%) were affected by left ventricular hypertrophy and 25 were free (29.4%). Thirty-six patients (42.4%) had left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, 49 were free (57.6%). According to Lown and Wolf's classification of ventricular arrhythmia, 20 patients (23.5%) presented Grade I arrhythmia, 5 (5.9%) presented Grade II, 4 (4.7%) Grade III, 9 (10.6%) Grade IVA, 20 (23.5%) Grade IVB, 12 (14.1%) Grade V and 15 patients (17.6%) were free from premature ventricular complexes, namely Grade 0 arrhythmia. Left ventricular hypertrophy was found to correlate significantly with the arrhythmia score, r = 0.552 for p < 0.0001. Moreover, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction correlated significantly with the arrhythmia score, r = 0.495 for p < 0.0001. There was also a good correlation between left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, r = 0.616 for p < 0.0001. Among patients affected by left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and left ventricular hypertrophy, the correlation with the arrhythmia score was even closer, r = 0.586 for p < 0.0007. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that by using a more selective criterion for the diagnosis of hypertension, we can identify patients with a highly significant statistical correlation between left ventricular hypertrophy and ventricular arrhythmia score, and also between diastolic dysfunction and the ventricular arrhythmia score, due to a more severe stage of disease. It is useful to detect those patients affected by ventricular arrhythmias for the primary prevention of major cardiovascular events.     

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension.

OBJECTIVE: The proportion of left ventricular (LV) mass variability explained by blood pressure in essential hypertension is small, and several non-haemodynamic determinants of LV mass have been identified or hypothesized. This study examines the possible relation between blood lipids and LV mass in hypertension. DESIGN: Never-treated non-diabetic hypertensive patients. SETTING: Hospital hypertension outpatient clinics in Umbria, Italy. PATIENTS: We investigated the association between high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and echocardiographic LV mass in 1306 never-treated subjects with essential hypertension. Subjects with previous cardiovascular events, diabetes and current or previous antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapy were excluded. RESULTS: HDL-cholesterol showed an inverse association with LV mass (r = -0.30, P < 0.001). No association was found between LV mass and total or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. With multiple linear regression analysis we tested the independent contribution of several potential determinants of LV mass in women and in men. Average 24 h blood pressure (both pulse and mean), body mass index, height, stroke volume, age (all P < 0.01) and low HDL-cholesterol (P < 0.0001 in women, P < 0.001 in men) were associated with a greater LV mass in both sexes. Triglycerides showed a weak univariate association with LV mass in women (r = 0.11, P < 0.02), which did not hold in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Low HDL-cholesterol is an independent predictor of LV mass in untreated hypertensive subjects. Common hormonal and metabolic mechanisms, including insulin resistance, could explain this association, which may contribute to the adverse prognostic significance of low HDL-cholesterol levels.     

Effect of 24-hour blood pressure and heart rate variations on left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation in essential hypertension

This study correlates variables derived from blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) monitoring with the degree of left ventricular structural changes in essential hypertension. Forty patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension according to World Health Organization criteria underwent 24-hour ambulatory monitoring. Echocardiographic (posterior wall and interventricular septum thickness, left ventricular mass) or ECG (SV1 + RV5) indices of hypertrophy were significantly (p less than 0.01) correlated (positive correlations) with derivatives of BP monitoring (mean systolic and diastolic BP values) but not with HR derivatives. Echocardiographic indices of dilatation (left ventricular end-diastolic volume and diameter) were significantly (p less than 0.01 to less than 0.001) correlated (negative correlations) with derivatives of HR monitoring (mean HR values, mainly during the night) but not with BP derivatives. It is concluded that in essential hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy depends on mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic BP values, whereas left ventricular dilatation appears to be more prominent in patients with bradycardia mainly during the night.     

老年高血压患者动脉僵硬度与左心室肥厚关系

目的探讨老年高血压患者动脉僵硬度与左心室肥厚的关系。方法选择原发性老年高血压患者68例,以左心室重量指数(LVMI)作为评价左心室肥厚指标,将患者分为左心室肥厚组(32例)和非左心室肥厚组(36例)。以颈动脉-股动脉肢体动脉搏动波(cfPWV)和脉压作为评价动脉僵硬度指标,进行24 h动态血压监测、cfPWV及超声心动图检测,并进行多因素相关分析。结果左心室肥厚组较非左心室肥厚组患者cfPWV高[(14.45±1.83)m/s vs(10.89±1.94)m/s]、脉压大[(78.66±9.05)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)vs(60.39±7.74)mm Hg],两组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),logistic回归分析显示,LVMI与cfPWV、脉压呈正相关。结论动脉僵硬度增加是老年高血压患者左心室肥厚的重要危险因素。