音乐治疗合并心理干预对高危孕妇孕期和产后焦虑抑郁情绪的影响

目的:探索音乐治疗合并心理干预对高危孕妇孕期和产后焦虑抑郁情绪的影响。方法:将195位孕16~20周的高危孕妇随机分为干预组(98例)和对照组(97例);孕24周时对干预组进行1次音乐治疗培训,之后在家中30 min/d的聆听音乐直到分娩;孕25~29周每周1次团体心理治疗。对照组按常规产科流程产前检查。入组时及孕6~9个月每月1次综合性医院焦虑/抑郁量表(HAD)评估;产后3~7 d、42 d及3个月时分别进行爱丁堡产后抑郁调查表(EPDS)评估。结果:孕7及8个月干预组HAD评分显著高于对照组(P均0.05);分娩前干预组HAD评分较基线显著下降(P0.05),但两组间差异无统计学意义。产后各时点EPDS评分干预组显著低于对照组(P0.05或P0.01)。结论:音乐治疗结合团体心理干预能减轻高危妊娠孕妇分娩前的焦虑、抑郁情绪及产后的抑郁症状。     

产后抑郁与人新饱食分子蛋白1、瘦素、胃饥饿素的相关性

目的 探讨产后抑郁与人新饱食分子蛋白1(Nesfatin-1)、瘦素（Leptin,LP）、胃饥饿素（Ghrelin）的相关性。方法 本研究对象为2021年5月～2023年5月间收治的84例产妇,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（Edinburgh postnatal depression scale,EPDS）进行产后抑郁评估,根据评估结果设为产后抑郁组以及无产后抑郁组。检测并比较两组患者血清Nesfatin-1、LP、Ghrelin水平,分析产后抑郁组EPDS评分与上述指标的相关性,采用受试者工作特征曲线（receiver operating characteristic curve,ROC）分析上述指标对产后抑郁的预测价值。结果 84例产妇产后抑郁28例,抑郁率33.33%;产后抑郁组血清LP、Ghrelin水平显著低于无产后抑郁组,Nesfatin-1水平显著高于无产后抑郁组,（P<0.05）;产后抑郁组EPDS评分与血清Ghrelin、LP水平具有负相关关系,与Nesfatin-1水平具有正相关关系（P<0.05）;血清Nesfatin-1、LP、Ghrelin预测产后抑郁...     

苏州市某社区产后抑郁流行病学调查及相关危险因素

目的调查苏州市某社区产后抑郁的检出率及相关危险因素,为产后抑郁的防治提供参考。方法选取苏州市某社区88例产妇,采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评定其产后抑郁情况,采用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)和社会支持评定量表(SSRS)评定产妇的个性特征及社会支持情况。以EPDS评分9分为界将产妇分为产后抑郁组和正常组,分析影响产后抑郁的相关因素。结果苏州市某社区产后抑郁检出率为21.6%;产后抑郁组EPQ神经质(N)维度评分高于正常组,差异有统计学意义[(88.45±8.07)分vs.(37.16±8.22)分,t=2.625,P0.05]。产后抑郁组与正常组SSRS总评分与各维度评分比较差异均无统计学意义(t=-1.411~-0.590,P均0.05)。产后抑郁组SSRS客观支持及主观支持评分与EPDS评分均呈负相关(r=-0.471、-0.459,P均0.05)。结论苏州市某社区产后抑郁的检出率较高,产妇的神经质人格特质与产后抑郁有关。     

产妇产后初期抑郁状况、影响因素及干预措施

目的分析产妇产后初期(产后第7天)抑郁状况,探讨相关影响因素及干预措施。方法选取2016年7月-2017年12月在泸县妇幼保健院分娩的85例产妇为研究对象,于产后第7天采用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评定产妇抑郁状况,对EPDS筛查阳性者进行产后抑郁影响因素问卷调查,并予以相应的心理干预,比较其干预前后EPDS评分。结果 EPDS评分9分者共46例(54.12%),其中存在产后抑郁倾向者25例(29.41%)、产后抑郁者21例(24.71%)。EPDS阳性者产后初期出现抑郁症状的因素主要有:孕期知识掌握不足(47.83%)、家庭/社会支持不足(47.83%)、无法适应产后角色或(和)自身改变(43.48%)。阳性者干预前后EPDS评分比较差异有统计学意义[(16.26±5.34)分vs.(12.24±4.15)分,t=12.528,P=0.021]。结论产妇产后初期抑郁发生率较高,其影响因素较多,尽早采取心理干预措施可能有助于改善产妇的抑郁情绪。     

产后抑郁症患者HPA轴激素、甲状腺功能及性激素的水平分析

目的探讨产后抑郁患者下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴激素、甲状腺功能及性激素的水平及其意义。方法选取产后6～7周经我院精神科门诊检测评估为产后抑郁的产妇100例作为抑郁组、100例同期产后未发生抑郁的产妇作为对照组;检测对比两组的HPA激素、甲状腺激素、性激素水平;并分析抑郁组患者各项激素水平与爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)评分的关系。结果抑郁组患者的CHR、ACTH水平高于对照组(P0.05),抑郁组患者的CORT水平低于对照组(P0.05);抑郁组患者的TSH水平低于对照组(P0.05),抑郁组患者的TG-Ab、TPO-Ab、FT3、FT4水平与对照组比较,无统计学意义的差异(P0.05);抑郁组患者的E2水平低于对照组(P0.05),抑郁组患者的PRL、P值高于对照组(P0.05);抑郁组患者的E2、TSH、CORT水平与EPDS评分负相关(P0.05),抑郁组患者的PRL、CHR、ACTH测定值与EPDS评分正相关(P0.05)。结论产后抑郁患者自身激素水平异于正常产妇,调节产后激素水平可能有利于改善产后抑郁。     

认知行为治疗与系统性家庭治疗对轻中度产后抑郁患者的影响

目的 探讨认知行为治疗与系统性家庭治疗对轻中度产后抑郁患者的应用价值.方法 从2018年4月～2020年1月,本院收治的98例轻中度产后抑郁患者作为研究对象,利用随机数字表法将其分为对照组49例(常规治疗)和观察组49例(认知行为治疗与系统性家庭治疗),对比两组患者的治疗效果、睡眠质量、爱丁堡产后抑郁问卷评分(EPDS)、生活质量.结果 分析治疗效果:和对照组轻中度产后抑郁患者的治疗有效率(83.67％)相比,观察组轻中度产后抑郁患者的治疗有效率(97.96％)更高,P＜0.05;观察组入睡时间(1.37±0.83)、睡眠时间(1.78±0.65)、睡眠效率(1.61±0.67)、睡眠障碍(1.17±0.45)等评分较对照组低,P＜0.05;治疗前,两组EPDS评分对比无统计学差异,P＞0.05,治疗后,观察组评分(13.14±2.63)较对照组低,P＜0.05;在生活质量方面,观察组各项评分高于对照组,P＜0.05.结论 实施认知行为治疗与系统性家庭治疗方案,可以更好的改善产后抑郁患者的不良情绪和睡眠,提高其生活质量.     

社会心理支持系统对产后抑郁的影响

目的：探讨孕妇学校学习、导乐分娩、分娩镇痛及产后访视联合应用的社会心理支持系统对产后抑郁的影响。方法选择从2013年1月-2014年1月建卡,孕期坚持在我院正规产检、分娩并进行产后访视,无产科合并症及并发症的初产妇共200例,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、爱丁堡孕产期抑郁量表(EPDS)及社会支持量表(SSRS)分别对是否接受社会心理支持系统进行孕期及分娩期生理及心理指导的两组孕妇进行调查。结果接受社会支持系统的初产妇(观察组)在第一产程及产后42天的SAS、SDS评分低于未接受社会支持系统的初产妇(对照组)(P<0.05),产后42天观察组EPDS评分低于对照组、SSRS及婚姻满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论孕妇学校学习、导乐分娩、分娩镇痛及产后访视的社会心理支持系统可缓解孕期、分娩及产后焦虑,降低产后抑郁的检出率。     

母亲产后抑郁对喂养方式及子代体重增加量影响的队列研究

目的比较产后抑郁母亲与正常对照组对子代喂养方式的差异,明确产后抑郁是否对子代的体重增加有所影响。方法分别在西南医科大学附属医院、泸州市中医院、泸州市江阳区妇幼保健院和泸州市妇女儿童医院对住院待产的产妇进行筛查,对符合入组标准的48例产妇在产后第4、8、12周,使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)和婴幼儿喂养方式及体重增加量调查表进行评定,将在首次评定时EPDS评分≥13分的被试归入产后抑郁组(n=14),将EPDS评分13分者归入对照组(n=34),比较两组人口学资料、EPDS评分、喂养方式及其婴儿体重增加量等方面的差异。结果产后第12周,产后抑郁组婴儿体重增加量高于对照组(Z=-2.612,P=0.009)。各随访时间点,产后抑郁组平均每日非母乳喂养的比例均高于对照组(Z_(4周)=-2.652,Z_(8周)=-3.591,Z_(12周)=-2.822,P均0.05)。产后抑郁组平均每日非母乳喂养的次数(Z_(4周)=-2.403,Z_(8周)=-3.666,Z_(12周)=-2.834,P均0.05)和非母乳喂养量(Z_(4周)=-2.289,Z_(8周)=-3.347,Z_(12周)=-2.609)均高于对照组。产后抑郁组当月用于婴儿食品等消耗品的支出均高于对照组(Z_(4周)=-3.404,Z_(8周)=-4.130,Z_(12周)=-3.859,P均0.05)。结论截止产后第12周,产后抑郁母亲的子代较少接受母乳喂养,但喂养方式的差异并未影响子代体重的增加。     

人际心理治疗及认知行为治疗对产后抑郁障碍的疗效和社会支持的影响

目的:探讨人际心理治疗(IPT)及认知行为治疗(CBT)对产后抑郁障碍(PPD)的疗效及社会支持的影响。方法:60例PPD患者随机分为IPT组和CBT组,并分别接受相应的治疗,为期12周。治疗前后分别进行爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)及社会支持量表评定。结果:治疗后两组EPDS评分明显低于治疗前(P均0.01),且两组间差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前两组间社会支持量表评分总分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后两组社会支持量表总分及分量表评分均较治疗前显著增加(P均0.01),且IPT组社会支持量表总分及各分量表评分均显著高于CBT组(P均0.05)。结论:IPT及CBT治疗PPD的疗效相当,但IPT可更好地改善PPD患者的社会支持。     

自主神经功能与产后抑郁的相关性分析

目的探讨妊娠期自主神经功能对产后抑郁的影响及相关性。方法以2015-06—2016-06在我院产科门诊建立产检保健卡的257例妊娠期妇女为研究对象进行前瞻性研究,所有妊娠妇女于妊娠12周内进行早期自主神经系统功能检查,并于产后42d给予爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)进行产后抑郁评估,根据是否发生产后抑郁进行分组,并对临床资料和早期自主神经功能检测结果进行比较分析。结果 257例产妇中EPDS≥13分者39例(抑郁组),EPDS13分者218例(正常组),产后抑郁发生率为15.18%,组间比较,抑郁组与正常组在是否首胎、分娩方式、孕周方面差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);抑郁组SDNN、LF/HF比值明显低于正常组,而压力指数相比正常组明显增高(P0.05);SDNN与产后抑郁呈负相关,压力指数与产后抑郁呈正相关(P0.05)。结论妊娠早期进行常规自主神经功能检查对于筛查和干预产后抑郁有一定的指导作用。     

A study of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) on 859 mothers: detection of mothers at risk for postpartum depression

The postpartum is a high-risk period for the occurrence of anxious and depressive episodes. Indeed, during the first few days after delivery, mothers can present postpartum blues symptomatology: fatigue, anxiety, disordered sleeping and a changing mood. Postpartum depression is characterised by a changing mood, anxiety, irritability, depression, panic and obsessional phenomena. It occurs in approximately 10 to 20% mothers. The exact prevalence depending on the criteria used for detection. The first symptoms usually appear between the fourth and sixth week postpartum. However, postpartum depression can start from the moment of birth, or may result from depression evolving continuously since pregnancy. We can add that the intensity of postpartum blues is a risk factor that can perturb maternal development. So it is important for health professionals to dispose of predictive tools. This study is a validation of the French version of the EPDS. The aims of the study were to evaluate the postpartum depression predictive value at 3 days postpartum and to determine a cut-off score for major depression. Subjects participating in this study were met in 3 obstetrical clinics in, or in the vicinity of, Toulouse. Mothers with psychological problems, under treatment for psychological problems or mothers whose babies present serious health problems were excluded from the study. The EPDS was presented to 859 mothers (mean age=30.3; SD=4.5) met at one of the clinics at 3 days postpartum (period 1). They had an EPDS mean score of 6.4 (SD=4.6); 258 (30%) mothers had an EPDS score 9. 82.6% of these mothers experienced a natural childbirth and 17.3% a caesarean section; 51.5% gave birth to their first child, 36.2% to their second child and 12.3% to their third or more. All subjects were given a second EPDS with written instructions to complete the scale during the period 4 to 6 weeks postpartum and return it for analysis (period 2). Between the 4 to 6 weeks postpartum period, 722 mothers replied again to the EPDS. 131 mothers had an EPDS score 11 (mean age=30.3; SD=4.8). They had an EPDS mean score of 13.6 (SD=3.3). Mothers with probable depression were interviewed and assessed, using the Mini (Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview, Lecrubier et al. 1997), the SIGH-D (Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Scale) and the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory) in order to diagnose a major depressive episode. They had a HDRS mean score of 13.7 (SD=5.1) and a BDI mean score of 13.6 (SD=5). At 3 days postpartum, we observed that 258 mothers (30%) had an EPDS scores 9 and 164 mothers (19%) had an EPDS scores 11. Between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum, we observed 18.1% of postpartum depression (EPDS 11) and 16.8% (EPDS 12) of major postpartum depression. The analysis of the sensitivity and the specificity at 3 days postpartum provides a cut-off score of 9 (Sensibility: 0.88) (Specificity: 0.50) as predictive of postpartum depression, for this cut-off score, the type I error is low (5.8%) but the type II error is more higher (18.9%). The analysis of the sensitivity and the specificity between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum provides a cut-off score of 12 (Sensibility: 0.91) (Sensibility: 0.74) for the detection of major postpartum depression. Factor analysis shows at 3 days postpartum that the internal structure of the scale is composed of two subscales. The first factor F1 "anxiety" accounts 28% of the variance and the second factor F2 "depression" accounts 20% of the variance. Between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum, factor analysis suggests an unidimensional model in the evaluation of postpartum depression which is better than a two factor model. This factor accounts 40% of the variance. The scale has a good predictive value, and we can observe a significant correlation with the EPDS periods 1 and 2 (r=0.56; p<0.05). This result shows that the depressive mothers mood intensity predicts a future depressive risk. Furthermore, correlations between EPDS and BDI (r=0.68; p<0.05) and EPDS and HDRS (r=0.67; p<0.05) show a good convergent validity. The reliability study confirms the good internal consistency of the EPDS, at 3 days postpartum and in the postpartum depression -symptomatology evaluation (Cronbach's Alpha>0.80). In conclusion, this scale demonstrates good validity and is fast and easy use in obstetrical services, allowing early detection of women who risk to develop postpartum depression and, in the first week of postpartum, of mothers who suffer from a major postpartum depression. The use of the EPDS for an early screening of the risk of postnatal depression which is essential considering the consequences that postnatal depression can have on the development of the infant, on the quality of the relationship within the couple and on other social relationships. Mothers at risk for postnatal depression should be controlled and surveyed by the health professionals in obstetrical clinics.     

Validation of the Thai Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale for screening postpartum depression

This study aimed to validate and determine an appropriate cut-off score on the Thai Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screen for postpartum depression. A prospective cohort of postpartum women at 6-8 weeks were tested using the EPDS and clinically interviewed by psychiatrists to establish a DSM-IV diagnosis of major or minor depressions in a university hospital in Southern Thailand. Of 351 postpartum women interviewed, 38 postpartum women met the criteria for depressive disorders, major depression in four women (1%) and minor depressive disorder in 34 women (10%). The area under the curve was 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.76-0.91). Using an EPDS cut-off sum score of 6/7, major and/or minor depression was detected with a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 74%, positive predictive value of 26% and negative predictive value of 95%. When the cut-off score was higher, the sensitivity was lower but the specificity was higher. The Thai version of the EPDS is a valid self-report instrument and is useful in Thailand where no other screening instrument for postpartum depression is available.     

Detection, prevention and treatment of postpartum depression: a controlled study of 859 patients

This study evaluated the clinical effectiveness of a programme aimed at detecting, preventing and treating postpartum depression. The French version of the EPDS was used to measure the intensity of postpartum blues on a sample of 859 women, during their stay at the obstetrical clinic. Subjects under treatment for psychological problems were excluded from the study. Mothers scoring 9 or above on the EPDS, which is predictive of pospartum depression, were randomly assigned to a prevention and a control group. Written informed consent was obtained from the subjects after the study procedure had been explained. The prevention group received a counselling session integrating supportive, educational and cognitive-behavioral components. Therapists included five female Master's Degree level students in psychology. All therapists participated in didactic and clinical training as wells as weekly supervision from the first author. All subjects were given a second EPDS with written instructions to complete the questionnaire during the period 4 to 6 weeks postpartum and return it for analysis. At four to 6 weeks, women in the prevention group had significant reductions in the frequency of probable depression, as defined by a score of 11 or above on the EPDS (30.2% vs 48.2%, chi 2 = 7.36, dl = 1, p = 0.0067) and in the intensity of depressive symptoms measured by the mean score on the EPDS (8.5, SD = 4 vs 10.3, SD = 4.4, t = 3.06, dl = 209, p = 0.0024). Mothers with a probable depression were interviewed at home and assessed using the MINI (Mini Neuropsychiatric Interview, Lecrubier et al., 1997) to diagnose major depressive episode, the SIGH-D (Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Williams, 1988) and the BDI (Beck Depression Inventory, Beck et al., 1988). The baseline depression rating scores, EPDS (mean = 13.6, SD = 4), BDI (mean = 15.7, SD = 5.9), HDRS (mean = 14.8, SD = 6), were consistent with moderate depression. No significant differences in baseline scores were observed between the two groups on all the rating scales (p < 0.001). Mothers with probable depression in the prevention group were offered a program of 5 to 8 home visits. Most of the mothers in the prevention group (72%) agreed to participate in the program. On the contrary, most of the mothers (83.3%) who scored below 9 on the first EPDS and 11 or above on the second, who so did not received the preventive counselling session, declined to participate. This suggests the importance of the preventive session in establishing therapeutic alliance. The home visits program integrated four components, supportive, educational, cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic centred on the mother-infant relationship in terms of the mother's personal history. Therapist participated in clinical training and weekly supervision. Fifteen women (71.4%) in the study group demonstrated complete symptom remission, as defined by HDRS score below 7 after the intervention, compared with 4 women (10.5%) in the control group (chi 2 = 23, p < 0.0001). A clearly therapeutic response to treatment was observed in the treated group with a mean reduction in HDRS score of 9.5 (DS = 6.7) from baseline. The improvement in the women in the treated group, as measured by the mean HDRS scores was statistically greater than that in the control group (m = 5.35, SD = 3.5 vs m = 15.8, SD = 4.6, t = 8.24, dl = 52, p < 0.0001). Our results indicate that a program based on an intervention at obstetrical clinics and on home visits is efficacious and well accepted for prevention, detection and treatment of postpartum depression.     

Blood manganese levels during pregnancy and postpartum depression: A cohort study among women in Mexico

BackgroundOccupational studies have shown an association between elevated Mn exposure and depressive symptoms. Blood Mn (BMn) naturally rises during pregnancy due to mobilization from tissues, suggesting it could contribute to pregnancy and postpartum depressive symptoms.ObjectivesTo assess the association between BMn levels during pregnancy and postpartum depression (PPD), creating opportunities for possible future interventions.MethodsWe studied 561 women from the reproductive longitudinal Programming Research in Obesity, Growth, Environment, and Social Stressors (PROGRESS) cohort in Mexico City. BMn was measured at the 2^nd and 3^rd trimesters, as well as delivery. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was used to assess PPD symptoms at 12-months postpartum. We used a generalized linear model assuming a Poisson distribution to assess the association between BMn levels and PPD, with adjustments for age, stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy, education, socioeconomic status, and contemporaneous blood lead levels.ResultsThe mean ± standard deviation (SD) EPDS score at 12-months postpartum was 6.51 ± 5.65, and 17.11% of women met the criteria for possible PPD (score ≥ 13). In adjusted models, BMn during the 3^rd trimester (β: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.04-0.21) and BMn levels averaged at the 2^nd and 3rd trimester (β: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.02-0.26) had a positive association with EPDS scores at 12 months postpartum. BMn at the 2^nd trimester (β: 0.07, 95% CI: -0.09-0.22) and delivery (β: 0.03, 95% CI: -0.04-0.10) had a non-significant positive association with EPDS scores at 12-months postpartum. Stress and depressive symptoms during pregnancy was associated with higher EPDS scores at 12-months postpartum in all of the adjusted models but were only significant when either BMn during 3^rd trimester or BMn averaged across 2^nd and 3^rd trimester was assessed as the exposure.DiscussionOur results demonstrate that elevated BMn levels during pregnancy predict PPD symptoms and could be a potential pathway for intervention and prevention of PPD.     

Prevalence of postnatal depression in Western Nigerian women: a controlled study

Objective The objective of this study is to compare the prevalence of depression in postpartum women and that of non-postpartum women. Method A total of 876 women recruited at 6 weeks postpartum and 900 matched non-postpartum women were administered the Beck's Depressive Inventory (BDI) and translated local version of the EPDS. Psychiatric diagnosis was made using the using the modified non-patient version of Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-NP). Results Depressive disorder was diagnosed in 128 (14.6%) of the postpartum women and in 55 (6.3%) of the non-postpartum women, and the difference was found to be significant (t=8.919, df=875, P<0.001). The postpartum women had higher EPDS and BDI scores than the non-postpartum women. The EPDS correlated well with the SCID-NP diagnosis with a Spearman's correlation of 0.600 (P<0.001) and with the BDI score with a Spearman's correlation of 0.461 (P<0.001). The sensitivity of the EPDS at cut-off score of 8/9 was 94% and specificity was 97%. Conclusion The prevalence of postnatal depression in Nigeria is comparable to that of the western world and the Yoruba version of EPDS is a valid instrument for screening postnatal women for depressive disorders in a Nigerian community.     

产后抑郁症与社会心理因素

目的：经前不适、社会支持和心理应激对产后抑郁症发生的影响。方法：对88例产妇评定Edinburgh产后抑郁量表（EPDS）、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）。结果：产后抑郁症发生率为17％；产后抑郁症的既往经前不适率比正常对照组的明显为高；EPDS总分与SSRS的客观支持呈显著负相关性；产后抑郁症的住房拥挤率比正常对照组明显为低。结论：有经前不适史的产妇易感产后抑郁症；产后抑郁症病人感到客观支持减少是抑郁的结果；产妇在小家庭受到的照顾不如大家庭周到。     

盐酸纳布啡注射液用于剖宫产术后镇痛对产后抑郁的影响

目的 探讨采用盐酸纳布啡注射液进行剖宫产术后镇痛对产后抑郁的影响.方法 选取2018年1月～2019年1月在我院接受剖宫产术产妇200例为主要研究对象,按随机数字表法将研究对象随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各100例.对照组采用舒芬太尼镇痛,观察组采用盐酸纳布啡注射液镇痛.观察比较两组产妇术后各时点疼痛视觉模拟评分(VA...     

Seasonal effects on depression risk and suicidal symptoms in postpartum women

Background: Postpartum depression (PPD) is the most common complication of childbirth. Suicide is a leading cause of maternal death in the first postpartum year. Depressed mothers often have suicidal ideation (SI). Depression and suicidality may vary across the seasons. Previous studies of seasonality and PPD were relatively small or encumbered by study design constraints. We examined the possible relationship between seasonality, depression, and SI in 9,339 new mothers. Methods: From 2006 to 2010, the investigators screened women within 4–6 weeks postpartum with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). We used spectral analysis to explore seasonal variation in risk for depression and suicidality. Results: The study team screened 9,339 new mothers, of whom 1,316 (14%) women had positive depression scores (EPDS≥10) which suggest PPD risk; 294 (3%) women had SI (item 10≥1). A positive EPDS was associated significantly with SI. PPD risk varied significantly across 12‐months—risk was highest in December. We detected no seasonal variation in SI. Conclusions: Effects of seasonal light variation may contribute to increased risk for depressive symptoms. Suicidality could be related to maternal depression but not seasonal variation. Depression and Anxiety, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

The effect of peer support on postpartum depression: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of peer support (mother-to-mother) on depressive symptomatology among mothers identified as high-risk for postpartum depression (PPD). METHOD: Forty-two mothers in British Columbia were identified as high-risk for PPD according to the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and randomly assigned to either a control group (that is, to standard community postpartum care) or an experimental group. The experimental group received standard care plus telephone-based peer support, initiated within 48 to 72 hours of randomization, from a mother who previously experienced PPD and attended a 4-hour training session. Research assistants blind to group allocation conducted follow-up assessments on diverse outcomes, including depressive symptomatology, at 4 and 8 weeks postrandomization. RESULTS: Significant group differences were found in probable major depressive symptomatology (EPDS > 12) at the 4-week (chi 2 = 5.18, df = 1; P = 0.02) and 8-week (chi 2 = 6.37, df = 1; P = 0.01) assessments. Specifically, at the 4-week assessment 40.9% (n = 9) of mothers in the control group scored > 12 on the EPDS, compared with only 10% (n = 2) in the experimental group. Similar findings were found at the 8-week assessment, when 52.4% (n = 11) of mothers in the control group scored > 12 on the EPDS, compared with 15% (n = 3) of mothers in the experimental group. Of the 16 mothers in the experimental group who evaluated the intervention, 87.5% were satisfied with their peer-support experience. CONCLUSIONS: Telephone-based peer support may effectively decrease depressive symptomatology among new mothers. The high maternal satisfaction with, and acceptance of, the intervention suggests that a larger trial is feasible.     

产后抑郁症全程综合性社区干预探讨

目的:探讨产后抑郁症全程综合性社区干预的效果。方法:采用自编一般情况和相关因素问卷、综合性医院所用焦虑抑郁量表(HAD)和总甲状腺素(TT4)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)测定孕晚期386例孕妇,筛查出产后抑郁症的高危孕妇122例,按随机自愿的原则分为干预组和对照组各61例;干预组给予全程综合性社区干预。2组均在产后1周、4周、8周、12周采用HAD、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)及美国精神障碍分类与诊断手册第4版-修订版轴Ⅰ障碍用临床定式检查(SCID)分别进行评估。结果:①产后4周、8周、12周HAD、EPDS评分,干预组比对照组明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P均0.05);②孕晚期、产后1周、4周、8周、12周干预组HAD、EPDS评分逐渐降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);③产后4个时点抑郁发生率:干预组分别为50%、29.09%、16.36%和9.09%,对照组分别为66.67%、57.89%、44.64%和23.21%。产后4周、8周、12周两组抑郁症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P均0.05)。结论:全程综合性社区干预能显著降低产后抑郁症的发生率。