LncRNA UCA1介导Raf/MEK/ERK信号通路调控乳腺癌细胞生物学作用的机制研究

目的 探讨长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA, LncRNA)尿路上皮癌胚抗原1(urothelial carcinoma antigen1,UCA1)在乳腺癌细胞中的表达及其对乳腺癌细胞生物学作用的机制研究。方法 实时定量聚合酶链式反应(quantitative real-time PCR, qRT-PCR)法检测LncRNA UCA1在正常人乳腺上皮细胞MCF-10A与乳腺癌细胞BT-474,MCF-7,SKBR-3和MDA-MB453中的表达;选择BT-474和MCF-7细胞随机分为三组,分别转染UCA1-siR,NC-siR及Control,再通过qRT-PCR法验证转染后BT-474和MCF-7细胞中LncRNA UCA1表达;通过CCK-8法、Transwell实验和流式细胞仪检测BT-474和MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭、凋亡能力;利用Western blot检测两种细胞中RAF/MEK/ERK通路相关蛋白的表达。结果 与MCF-10A相比,LncRNA UCA1在BT-474,MCF-7, SKBR-3和MDA-MB453细胞中表达水平分别上调了133...     

LncRNA XIST通过miR-20a-5p/HMGA2轴调控乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭和凋亡的机制

目的 探讨LncRNA XIST对乳腺癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及凋亡的影响及机制。方法 选取正常乳腺上皮细胞MCF-10A及乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7、T47D和Bcap-37细胞,将不同物质转染至MCF-7、T47D细胞,设为空白组(无转染)、si-XIST组(转染si-XIST)、si-NC组(转染si-NC)、微小RNA-20a-5p(miR-20a-5p)组(转染miR-20a-5p mimics)及miR-NC组(转染miR-NC)。CCK-8检测细胞增殖能力;Transwell检测细胞侵袭能力;划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力;TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡。采用荧光素酶报告基因实验验证LncRNA XIST与miR-20a-5p及miR-20a-5p与高迁移率族蛋白A2(HMGA2)的靶向关系。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测LncRNA XIST、miR-20a-5p的表达水平。采用Western blot检测HMGA2的表达水平。结果 与MCF-10A细胞比较,MCF-7、T47D和Bcap-37细胞中LncRNA XIST表达水平升高,miR-20a-5p表达水平降...     

乳腺癌组织中LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1与miR-513a-5p的表达及临床意义

目的 研究乳腺癌组织中长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)ADAMTS9-AS1、miR-513 a-5 p的表达,并分析二者的关系及临床意义.方法 选取2015年8月—2017年8月诊治的乳腺癌患者83例为研究对象.应用实时定量PCR检测乳腺癌及癌旁组织中LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS1、miR-513 a-5 p的...     

长链非编码RNA在乳腺癌中的研究进展

研究发现长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,LncRNA)表达异常与乳腺癌发生、发展和转移密切相关。深入研究LncRNA在乳腺癌中的作用及机制有望为乳腺癌诊断和治疗提供新的分子靶点。本文就LncRNA在乳腺癌中的作用、机制和潜在临床应用价值作一综述。     

乳腺癌细胞放疗后LncRNA RP3-340B19.3的表达以及干预对其生物学特性的影响

目的 检测乳腺癌细胞放疗后LncRNA RP3-340B19.3的表达水平变化，探讨干预RP3-340B19.3后对乳腺癌细胞生物学特性的影响。方法 采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测经辐照后乳腺癌细胞系MCF-7和MDA-MB-231中RP3-340B19.3的表达水平；利用小干扰RNA技术抑制两株细胞系中RP3-340B19.3的表达，qRT-PCR检测其转染效率；克隆形成试验检测RP3-340B19.3对乳腺癌细胞存活率的改变，并计算细胞放疗增敏比(SER);流式细胞术检测RP3-340B19.3对乳腺癌细胞的细胞凋亡与细胞周期的影响。结果 qRT-PCR结果显示，经辐照后MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞中RP3-340B19.3的表达水平明显上调。转染siRNA后，MCF-7和MDA-MB-231细胞中RP3-340B19.3的相对表达量分别为0.236 3±0.153 8和0.363 3±0.037 1,均显著低于si-NC组(P<0.01)。经辐照后，RP3-340B19.3敲减组细胞克隆形成率和细胞存活分数明显下降(P<0.05),MCF-7和M...     

siRNA沉默VDAC1对MCF-7细胞增殖、周期的影响及其作用机制

[目的]观察siRNA沉默VDAC1基因对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响.[方法]针对人VDAC1基因设计并合成siRNA,并将VDAC1-siRNA转染MCF-7细胞后,应用实时荧光定量PCR和Western印迹法检测MCF-7细胞中VDAC1的表达水平,MTT法检测MCF-7细胞的增殖情况,流式细胞术检测MCF-7细胞的周期分布,同时Western印迹法检测周期蛋白D1的表达.[结果]MCF-7细胞转染VDAC1-siRNA后能够有效抑制VDAC1的表达,显著抑制其增殖水平,促使MCF-7细胞发生G1期阻滞,同时下调Cyclin D1蛋白表达.[结论]VDAC1沉默能够有效抑制人乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖,促使细胞发生G1期阻滞.VDAC1可作为乳腺癌治疗的新靶点.     

Noxa基因转染乳腺癌MCF-7细胞后的体外实验研究

目的:探讨Noxa基因转染乳腺癌MCF-7细胞后对MCF-7细胞的影响.方法:利用脂质体将真核表达载体pIRES2-EGFP-Noxa瞬时转染至乳腺癌MCF-7细胞.通过RT-PCR检测转染后mRNA的表达情况.MTT比色法测定细胞增殖的抑制.Hoechst 33342检测细胞的凋亡情况.结果:Noxa基因转染后在乳腺癌MCF-7细胞中成功表达,其转染后24、48、72 h后mRNA表达量逐渐增高.Noxa基因的表达使得乳腺癌MCF-7细胞出现增殖抑制,其24、48、72 h抑制率之间的差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).Hoechst 33342染色显示Noxa基因转染后细胞出现凋亡,其24、48、72 h凋亡率与阴性对照组相比,差异具有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:Noxa基因特染乳腺癌MCF-7细胞后能够抑制细胞增殖并促进其凋亡.     

miR-455-5p在乳腺癌组织中表达及对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖和侵袭的影响

目的 观察miR-455-5p在乳腺癌组织中表达变化及对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞增殖、侵袭、凋亡的影响,探讨其在乳腺癌进展中的作用及可能的下游调控机制.方法 取30例乳腺癌患者手术切除的癌组织及癌旁正常组织,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测miR-445-5p相对表达量.取对数生长期正常乳腺细胞MCF-10A及乳腺癌MCF-7...     

miR-335和Fra-1在乳腺癌中的表达及相互关系

目的 探讨微小RNA-335(miR-335)和Fos相关抗原1(Fra-1)在乳腺癌组织和乳腺癌细胞中的表达,以及二者的关系。方法 收集41例乳腺癌患者癌组织和对应的癌旁组织（2 cm<距癌组织边缘<3 cm）,检测不同组织、乳腺癌细胞系（MDA-231和MCF-7）和正常乳腺细胞系（MCF-10A）中mi R-335、Fra-1 mRNA和Fra-1蛋白表达。向乳腺癌细胞系（MDA-231和MCF-7）分别转染含mi R-335的质粒（mi R-335 mimic）和对照质粒（mimic control）,分析过表达的mi R-335对Fra-1 mRNA和Fra-1蛋白表达的影响。采用Pearson相关分析评估mi R-335与Fra-1的相关性。结果 与正常乳腺细胞系（MCF-10A）比较,乳腺癌细胞系（MCF-7和MDA-231）中mi R-335 mRNA表达降低（P<0.05）,Fra-1 mRNA和Fra-1蛋白表达均升高（P<0.05）。与癌旁组织比较,乳腺癌组织中mi R-335表达降低（P<0.05）,Fra-1 mRNA和Fra-1...     

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum using immunological inhibition of creatine kinase M subunit activity. Activity kinetics and diagnostic significance in myocardial infarction.

This is a new method for the determination of creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity in serum. The method uses direct activity measurement of creatine kinase B subunit activity after blocking of CK-M subunit activity by inhibiting antibodies. The test takes no longer than 15 min. The method yields an intra-serial C.V. of 2.0-12.9%, and a C.V. from day to day of 5.5%. The detection limit is 3.4 U/l creatine kinase MB. In the 95 cases with proven myocardial infarction several types of creatine kinase MB activity kinetics could be determined. The percentage of creatine kinase MB of peak CK-total is 6-25%, with a mean of 11.1%. The amount of creatine kinase MB with respect to total CK activity after reinfarction is higher than the amount after initial infarction.     

Dissociable correlates of two classes of retrieval processing in prefrontal cortex

Although substantial evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) implements processes that are critical for accurate episodic memory judgments, the specific roles of different PFC subregions remain unclear. Here, we used event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging to distinguish between prefrontal activity related to operations that (1) influence processing of retrieval cues based on current task demands, or (2) are involved in monitoring the outputs of retrieval. Fourteen participants studied auditory words spoken by a male or female speaker and completed memory tests in which the stimuli were unstudied foil words and studied words spoken by either the same speaker at study, or the alternate speaker. On "general" test trials, participants were to determine whether each word was studied, regardless of the voice of the speaker, whereas on "specific" test trials, participants were to additionally distinguish between studied words that were spoken in the same voice or a different voice at study. Thus, on specific test trials, participants were explicitly required to attend to voice information in order to evaluate each test item. Anterior (right BA 10), dorsolateral prefrontal (right BA 46), and inferior frontal (bilateral BA 47/12) regions were more active during specific than during general trials. Activation in anterior and dorsolateral PFC was enhanced during specific test trials even in response to unstudied items, suggesting that activation in these regions was related to the differential processing of retrieval cues in the two tasks. In contrast, differences between specific and general test trials in inferior frontal regions (bilateral BA 47/12) were seen only for studied items, suggesting a role for these regions in post-retrieval monitoring processes. Results from this study are consistent with the idea that different PFC subregions implement distinct, but complementary processes that collectively support accurate episodic memory judgments.     

俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征患者氧合的影响

目的 探讨俯卧位通气对高海拔地区肺复张术(RM)治疗无效急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)患者的治疗作用.方法 从海拔2260m的地区医院筛选RM治疗无效的41例ARDS患者[平均氧合指数( PaO2/FiO2)较RM前升高＜20％视为RM无效],依不同病因分为肺内源性ARDS组(ARDSp组)和肺外源性ARDS组(ARDSexp组),每组再按信封法随机分为俯卧位组和仰卧位组,即ARDSp俯卧位组(11例)、ARDSp仰卧位组(9例)、ARDSexp俯卧位组(10例)、ARDSexp仰卧位组(11例).在通气前及通气1、2、3、4h监测动脉血氧分压( PaO2)、PaO2/FiO2、静态顺应性(Cst)、气道阻力(Raw)的变化.结果 通气lh时,ARDSexp俯卧位组PaO2/FiO2( mm Hg,l mm Hg=0.133 kPa)即较通气前显著升高(157.4±40.6比129.3±48.7,P＜0.05),并随通气时间延长呈持续增高趋势,4h达峰值(219.1 ±41.1);且ARDSexp俯卧位组通气3h内PaO2/FiO2较其他3组显著增高,另3组间则差异无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组、ARDSexp俯卧位组通气4h时PaO2/FiO2均较相应仰卧位组显著增高(208.8±39.7比127.4±47.1,219.1±41.1比124.9±50.8,均P＜0.05).4组通气前后Cst无显著改变,各组间差异也无统计学意义.ARDSp俯卧位组通气4h时Raw(cmH2O·L-1·s-1)较通气前显著降低(6.8±1.7比10.7±1.8,P＜0.05),且明显低于其他3组;其他3组各时间点Raw组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义.结论 俯卧位通气作为ARDS机械通气重要策略之一,可以改善RM无效高原ARDS患者的氧合,为抢救患者赢得宝贵的时间.     

Digital imaging among medical facilities

The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) in the USA operates a network of 172 medical centres which all utilize a hospital information system (HIS) which has been developed and is currently maintained by the VA. During the past several years, an image management and communication module has been developed, installed and clinically utilized at the Washington DC and Maryland VA Medical Centres. This image management and communication system, referred to as the decentralized hospital computer program (DHCP) imaging system, is fully integrated with a commercial picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The system is utilized to capture, archive, and display all images generated within the hospital including radiology, nuclear medicine, pathology, endoscopy, bronchoscopy, and dermatology, intraoperative photographs, ECG data, and a limited number of paper documents. The ultimate goal of the project is to have all patient text and image data available at any clinical workstation to any authorized user anywhere within the network of medical centres. Clinical requirements for an imaging workstation include ease of use, rapid and reliable access to the complete set of patient information, and images which are of acceptable quality to meet the requirements of the user and the subspecialty. Patient confidentiality and data security must be safeguarded at all times. Integration of the images with the remainder of the patient's database was found to be critical to the success of the project. The experience at the Washington and Maryland facilities suggests that an imaging system that is successfully integrated with a hospital information system can provide substantial clinical and economic benefits both within and among medical centres. Clinical acceptance and utilization of the system has been excellent, particularly in diagnostic radiology where DHCP Imaging has been interfaced to a commercial PAC system. Based upon this initial experience, the VA has begun to deploy the system throughout its large network of medical centres.     

Myocardial elastography at both high temporal and spatial resolution for the detection of infarcts

Myocardial elastography is a novel method for noninvasively assessing regional myocardial function, with the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, in-vivo experiments were performed in anesthetized normal and infarcted mice (one day after left anterior descending coronary artery [LAD] ligation) using a high-resolution (30 MHz) ultrasound system (Vevo 770, VisualSonics Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada). Radiofrequency (RF) signals of the left ventricle (LV) in longitudinal (long-axis) view and the associated electrocardiogram (ECG) were simultaneously acquired. Using a retrospective ECG gating technique, 2-D full field-of-view RF frames were acquired at an extremely high frame rate (8 kHz) that resulted in high-quality incremental displacement and strain estimation of the myocardium. The incremental results were further accumulated to obtain the cumulative displacements and strains. Two-dimensional and M-mode displacement images and strain images (elastograms), as well as displacement and strain profiles as a function of time, were compared between normal and infarcted mice. Incremental results clearly depicted cardiac events including LV contraction, LV relaxation and isovolumetric phases in both normal and infarcted mice, and also evidently indicated reduced motion and deformation in the infarcted myocardium. The elastograms indicated that the infarcted regions underwent thinning during systole rather than thickening, as in the normal case. The cumulative elastograms were found to have higher elastographic SNR (SNR(e)) than the incremental elastograms (e.g., 10.6 vs. 4.7 in a normal myocardium, and 6.0 vs. 2.4 in an infarcted myocardium). Finally, preliminary statistical results from nine normal (m = 9) and seven infarcted (n = 7) mice indicated the capability of the cumulative strain in differentiating infracted from normal myocardia. In conclusion, myocardial elastography could provide regional strain information at simultaneously high temporal (>/=0.125 ms) and spatial ( approximately 55 microm) resolution as well as high precision ( approximately 0.05 microm displacement). This technique was thus capable of accurately characterizing normal myocardial function throughout an entire cardiac cycle, at the same high resolution, and detecting and localizing myocardial infarction in vivo.     

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Morphine

Morphine, the most widely used mu-opioid analgesic for acute and chronic pain, is the standard against which new analgesics are measured. A thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of morphine is required in order to safely and effectively use this analgesic in a wide variety of patients with different levels of organ function. A MEDLINE search was conducted to identify literature published between 1966 and January 2002 relevant to the pharmacokinetics of morphine. These publications were reviewed and the literature summarized regarding unique and clinically important elements of morphine disposition relative to its parenteral administration (including intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, epidural and intrathecal administration), absorption profile (immediate release, controlled release, and sublingual/buccal, and rectal administration), distribution, and its metabolism/ excretion. Special populations, including infants, elderly, and those with renal/liver failure, have a unique morphine pharmacokinetic profile that must be taken into account in order to maximize analgesic efficacy and reduce the risk of adverse events.