新疆医科大学维汉青年颞下颌关节紊乱病的流行病学调查

目的：探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）在新疆医科大学维汉青年人中的患病情况。方法：对新疆医科大学812名在读维汉医学生（年龄17～28岁）进行了TMD患病状况及咬合情况调查。按照Helkimo指数进行分析,包括既往功能紊乱指数和临床检查功能紊乱指数。采用SPSS13．0软件包对数据进行χ^2检验。结果：无既往功能紊乱者（Ai0）占73．40％,既往功能紊乱者（AiⅠ＋Ⅱ）占26．60％,无临床检查功能紊乱者（DiO）占60．50％,临床检查功能紊乱者（DiⅠ～Ⅲ）占39．50％。结论：TMD的患病率为39．50％,男女患病率无显著差异,异常猞组发病率显著高于正常袷组,TMD的发生与夜磨牙、偏侧咀嚼有关。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病不同亚型女性患者精神心理状况调查

目的 通过对162例女性颞下颌关节紊乱病患者症状自评量表(SCL-90)各因子的分析,探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病各亚型患者精神心理状况之间的差异.方法 对162例就诊于北京大学口腔医院颞下颌关节病及口面痛诊治中心的女性颞下颌关节紊乱病患者及48名健康女性志愿者,均进行颞下颌关节检查、填写SCL-90症状自评量表,临床诊断按照1998年马绪臣-张震康临床分类方法进行分类;使用多元方差分析和典型相关分析进行统计学分析.结果 ①162例患者中102例(63%)无骨质改变,60例(37%)为骨质改变;骨质改变组患者的SCL-90各因子得分与正常对照组之间的差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05),而无骨质改变组患者在抑郁、焦虑、敌意、恐怖和精神病性因子方面明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05);②诊断具有咀嚼肌功能紊乱者占16.7%,具有结构紊乱者占67.9%,具有关节炎性疾病者占56.8%,具有骨关节病者占37%;③偏执因子得分在各亚型之间的差异有非常显著性意义(P＜0.01);其他各因子得分在各亚型之间差异无显著性意义(P＞0.05);④颞下颌关节紊乱病患者的精神心理障碍程度与颞下颌关节影像学改变的程度及诊断分类无相关关系.结论 单纯咀嚼肌疼痛功能紊乱类女性患者的偏执性思维与其他亚型之间有明显差异,此外,在颞下颌关节病其他亚型中亦确实存在有精神心理障碍的患者,但仅根据躯体检查诊断则难以发现.     

TMJD’S患者的平均张口度的研究

本又通过昆明医学院新生入学体检，对９７６人口腔检查，其中有颞颌关节功能紊乱症３１９人，占３２．６８％。男５３６人，有症状者１８１人，其比例２．９６：１。女４４０人，有症状１３８人，其比例３．１９：１。平均张口度男４８．８６、女４２．６，颞颌关节功能紊乱症者平均张口度男４７．３３，女４１．７０。有症状者与无症状者男女张口度无统计学差别ｐ＞０．０５）。     

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目的调查山西籍大学生颞下颌关节紊乱病（TMD）的患病情况,探讨相关发病因素。方法于2012年3—7月采用随机整群抽样方法抽取太原市4所高校521名21．23岁山西籍大学生（男206名、女315名）进行问卷调查和口腔检查。TMD体征阳性者为病例组,阴性为对照组,应用非条件Logistic回归模型和x。检验对调查结果进行分析。结果TMD体征阳性者258名（占49．52％）,其中表现为关节弹响和杂音181名（占70．16％）,下颌运动异常95名（占36．82％）,肌肉疼痛37名（占14．34％）,关节弹响和杂音的发生率较高;男性TMD体征阳性94名（占45．63％）,女性TMD体征阳性164名（占52．06％）,男女患病率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。咬合紊乱和下颌第三磨牙阻生是这一年龄段人群TMD发生的主要危险因素。下颌第三磨牙阻生199名（占38．20％）,其中TMD阳性118名（占59．30％）;无下颌第三磨牙阻生322名（占61．80％）,其中TMD阳性140名（占43．48％）;下颌第三磨牙阻生组TMD阳性率高于无下颌第三磨牙阻生组（P〈0．05）。结论山西籍大学生TMD患病率较高,症状以关节弹响和杂音为主,男女患病率差异无统计学意义;下颌第三磨牙阻生是TMD发生的重要危险因素之一。     

简摘

本文对颞下颌关节紊乱综合征患者给予咀嚼指导,其结果及症状改善情况做了研究报道。研究对象是符合Laskin的颞下颌关节紊乱综合征诊断标准,能观察咀嚼指导与症状关系的男性患者64名。女性患者170名。咀嚼指导包括:①咀嚼次数,②咀嚼时间,③睡眠时间三个方面。根据作者教研室制定的症状改善标准,有症状改善的,男占77％,女占64％。在症状改善者中,患病不满6个月的比超过6个月的;无咬合异常的比有咬合异常的;无牙障碍的比有牙障碍的改善率     

颅颌功能紊乱的耳症及治疗研究

目的 研究颅颌功能紊乱（ＣＭＤ）者耳症的发生纺、临床特征及对肌位Ｈｅ板的治疗反应。方法 将２０８例ＣＭＤ者分为耳症组与非耳症组进行研究,临床症状以Ｈｅｌｋｉｍｏ指数计算。结果 ＣＭＤ者耳症发生率２６．４％,女性明显高于男性,其中耳鸣发生率１４．９％,耳痛发生率１０．６％,耳且盘突关系异常者显著多于非耳症组,临床症状表现为ＤｉⅡ者明显遍于非耳症组,耳症出现与颞颌关系结构紊乱密切相关而与髁突器质性改变     

因素与颅颌紊乱症关系初探

通过病史询问、临床体征及(牙合)状况的检查,结果用Helkimo指数分析,对颅颌紊乱症(CMD)患者及健康对照者进行了比较。结果表明:①两组中大部分个体均存在不同程度的(牙合)紊乱。②在ICP位及非正中咬合运动中,两组(牙合)状况各种表现之间差异无显著性。③两组间肌位牙位不一致的分布有显著性差异,肌位牙位不一致与CMD患病有关。作者认为,(牙合)因素仅是潜在因素而非疾病,可因个体对(牙合)紊乱的适应能力不同而导致或不出现CMD症状。对CMD的病因应从多方面考虑。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病的心理社会因素研究

目的：探讨颞下颌关节紊乱病的心理社会因素。方法：犯人组共112例，大学生组共281例。采用MMPI进行问卷调查，同时进行颞下颌关节紊乱病调查，按Helkimo指数进行分析。结果：犯人组临床量表中疑病（Hs)、精神病态（Pd)和妄想（Pa)明显高于国内常模。大学生组为正常人格。结果显示，较严重的既往功能紊乱和临床检查功能紊乱患病率，犯人组明显高于对照组，特别在疼痛方面。Logistic回归分析进一步说明犯人组对疼痛的感受性明显高于对照组。结论：（1）个性、应激性生活事件和应对方式即心理社会因素是颞下颌关节紊乱病／口颌面痛重要的致病因素和易患因素；（2）诸多颞下颌关节紊乱病／口凳面痛可以被认为是一种心因性疼痛。     

肌位He板对颅颌功能紊乱症状的治疗作用研究

目的：探讨肌位Ｈｅ板对颅颌功能紊乱（ＣＭＤ）症状与体征的治疗作用。方法：对１０５例确诊为ＣＭＤ者,夜间戴用肌位Ｈｅ板３－６个月,咬合板使前牙平均加高２．６±０．８ｍｍ。结果：颅颌功能恢复正常者５４例,占５１．４％,颅颌功能好转４８例,占４５．７％,无效者３例,占２．９％,肌位Ｈｅ板对疼痛的缓解率最高,２周内达９０％,弹响是最难消除的症状,其中盘突关系正常者,可复性盘前移位者,不可复性盘前移位者临床     

颞颌关节紊乱综合征—2280例临床分析

本文统计分析了2280例颢颌关节紊乱综合征患者的临床资料并对其病因、发病情况、鉴别诊断进行讨论。发病以女性为多,占65.4％,男性占34.6％;21～30岁年龄组发病率最高,病因以及功能异常为主占67.8％。临床分期:功能期为46％,结构期为35.6％,器质期为18.4％。诊断时应注意与面深部恶性肿瘤及早期破伤风相鉴别。     

Variation in periodontal referral in 2 regions in theUK

This study investigated the periodontal referral patterns of general dental practitioners (GDPs) in Northern Ireland (NI) and North West England (NWE). A questionnaire dealing with periodontal referral was sent to all 520 GDPs registered in NI and to 274 GDPs in NWE. A usable return was made by 355 (68%) in NI and 189 (70%) in NWE. The NI dentists made significantly more periodontal referrals (median 5, range 0-80) in the year preceding the survey than those in NWE (median 2, range 0-50), p<0.001. Distance was the only factor significantly related to the referral rate in both regions with those who practised more than 25 miles from a specialist referring significantly fewer patients in both regions. In NI, there was a trend towards increased periodontal referral by GDPs who had attended more postgraduate courses; however, in NWE, this was not the case. The GDPs in NWE were significantly less likely than those in NI to refer patients with medical conditions. It is concluded that there is considerable variation in periodontal referral both within and between the 2 regions studied. It is further concluded that in many cases, non-disease factors, such as the accessibility of the specialist service, have powerful effects on the decisions made by dentists and patients in these regions (NI and NWE) in relation to periodontal referral. Much of the variance in referral in North West England, as in Northern Ireland, remains unexplained.     

云南省五岁儿童乳牙龋病调查分析

目的：了解云南省５岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病情况。方法：随机抽取云南省三个城市三个农村的２１３２名５岁常住儿童,采用第二次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准调查龋齿患病情况。结果：云南省５岁儿童乳牙患龋率为７５．７５％,龋均为４．４４,充填率仅为６．５７％,仅占构成比的４．３９％。结论：云南省５岁儿童乳牙龋齿患病率高,充填率低。儿童龋病防治应注重两个方面：１．加强对家长和教师的幼儿口腔卫生保健知识及方法的宣传。     

Changes in cyclooxygenase metabolities in experimental periodontitis in Macaca mulatta

The four principal metabolites of cyclooxygenase (CO) were examined during the progression of experimental periodontitis in the rhesus monkey Macaca mulatta. Thirty-two monkeys were divided in four disease-matched groups. Three groups were treated with flurbiprofen, a potent CO inhibitor, at either 0.027, 0.27 or 7.1 mg/kg/day delivered systemically by a subcutaneously-implanted osmotic mini-pump. We have previously described the findings indicating that flurbiprofen treatment significantly retarded clinical attachment loss (ALOSS), redness and radiographic bone loss (BLOSS). This investigation focuses on the changes in CO metabolites which occur during disease progression of ligature-induced periodontitis and on the dose-response relationship of flurbiprofen, as it relates to disease inhibition and the suppression of ARA metabolites within the crevicular fluid (CF). In untreated animals there was a statistically significant 3-fold increase in CF levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) at 3 months, as compared to baseline, which positively correlated with increases in redness, bleeding, ALOSS and BLOSS. CF-PGE2 and TxB2 levels reached a 6-fold peak at 6 months and returned to baseline by 12 months. Flurbiprofen (Fb) prevented the 3-month rise in TxB2, but did not affect the increase in PGE2. At 6 months, Fb administration caused a dose-dependent inhibition of both PGE2 and TxB2. Probit analysis of the dose-response data revealed that the concentration of Fb which caused a 50% inhibition of CF-TxB2 level (the IC50 value for TxB2 synthesis) was approximately two logs lower than the IC50 value for PGE2 synthesis, i.e. TxA2-IC50 = 0.013 vs. PGE2-IC50 = 1.35 mg flurbiprofen/kg/d. The slopes of the PGE2 and TxB2 inhibition curves were identical, consistent with a similar mechanism or singular enzyme for the site of action of Fb inhibition of CO activity. However, the kinetics and sensitivity of Fb inhibition were significantly different for the CO activity responsible for TxB2 and PGE2 synthesis, perhaps due to different compartmentalization of CO within different cell types.     

Mast cells in masseter muscle in experimental bruxism in man

Three human subjects performed tooth grinding for 25 min, and after 20 h biopsies of the right and left masseter muscles were examined for their contents of mast cells. In comparison with specimens from a control group of three subjects, there was an increase of degranulating mast cells in muscles that had performed bruxism.     

Experience in using moradol in osteoplastic operations in oral surgery

Osteoplastic operations on the jaws were carried out in 19 patients aged 14-64 under moradol anesthesia. The mean length of the operation was 3 hours. The authors come to a conclusion that moradol in a dose of 0.3 mg/kg b. w. ensures adequate anesthesia, with a high level of analgesia persisting in the immediate postoperative period.