心身疾病与神经症患者的述情障碍研究

目的 探讨心身疾病与神经症患者的述情障碍情况。方法 以多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)对51例心身疾病,31例神经症患者进行测评,并与正常人作对照。结果心身疾病,神经症患者TAS总分分别为76.13±7.88,73.22±9.88。明显高于正常对照组66.06±6.38。因子分中以Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ因子为显著。提示述情障碍常见于心身疾病及神经症患者,临床医师应予以重视。     

Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型精神分裂症自知力及述情障碍研究

目的比较Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者的自知力及述情障碍,并探讨二者之间的关系.方法依SANS、SAPS评分和Aedreason精神分裂症的分型标准进行Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型精神分裂症的分型诊断,用ITAQ和TAS分别评定患者的自知力和述情障碍.结果评定时Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型精神分裂症患者的CGI评分分别为5.19±1.95和5.65±1.34(t=0.82,P＞0.05),ITAQ总分分别为12.01±4.63和9.15±4.70(t=2.06,P＜0.05),述情障碍评分分别为64.50±13.10和74.00±10.20(t=2.49,P＜0.05).Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型精神分裂症TAS总分与ITAQ总分均无明显的相关性,但Ⅰ型精神分裂症TAS总分及描述情感的能力、认识和区别情感与躯体感受的能力、外向性思维3因子分与ITAQ的对疾病和治疗的认识这一因子分具有显著相关.结论在总体疗效评定没有显著差异的情况下,Ⅱ型精神分裂症的自知力缺乏和述情障碍均较Ⅰ型精神分裂症明显.Ⅰ型精神分裂症患者的述情障碍和自知力之间有一定相关性,Ⅱ型精神分裂症二者之间相关性不明显.     

海洛因依赖者述情障碍研究

目的:了解海洛因依赖者(PHD)述情障碍特征及与负性情绪的关系. 方法:对194例男性PHD(PHD组),采用自编一般情况问卷、多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)及焦虑自评量表(SAS)进行心理评估;107名健康男性作为对照,采用TAS进行述情障碍测评. 结果:PHD组TAS总分及各因子分、SDS及SAS评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);TAS总分及因子Ⅰ、因子Ⅱ、因子Ⅳ与SDS、SAS总分均呈显著正相关(r=0.178～0.294,P均<0.05或P<0.01);TAS因子Ⅲ与SAS总分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.147,P<0.05). 结论:男性PHD存在明显述情障碍,并与负性情绪密切相关.     

躯体形式障碍患者的述情障碍

目的：探讨躯体形式障碍患者的心理健康状况,以及与述情障碍的关系.方法：采用症状自评量表（SCL-90）及多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS）对60例躯体形式障碍患者（患者组）和60名健康自愿者（对照组）进行测评,并对躯体形式障碍患者的心理健康状况与述情障碍作相关分析.结果：患者组SCL-90总分及躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、偏执、精神病性6个因子评分均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）;其TAS总分及因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ评分亦均显著高于对照组（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）,而因子Ⅲ评分两组间比较,差别则无统计学意义.躯体形式障碍患者的SCL-90总分与TAS总分及因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ评分均呈显著性正相关;而与因子Ⅲ评分则无显著性相关.结论：躯体形式障碍患者的心理健康状况较差,并与述情障碍有关.     

心身疾病与神经症患者的述情障碍

“述情障碍”(Alexithymia)在国外已有不少报告,国内则较少见。本文观察各种心身疾病86例,神经症121例,以117例正常人为对照,以多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)评定,结果发现心身疾病及神经症患者的TAS平均总分皆较对照组显著为高。因子分Ⅲ(缺乏幻想)均未见增加,男性神经症组较对照组显著为低。     

神经症和抑郁障碍患者的述情障碍及相关因素研究

目的探讨神经症和抑郁障碍患者的述情障碍及影响因素。方法对57例神经症和抑郁障碍患者运用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS)进行评定，并与常模进行比较。结果神经症和抑郁障碍患者存在明显的述情障碍，TAS总分及各因子分明显高于常模，男女之间无显著性差异，多元回归分析进入方程的是SCL-90躯体化因子和焦虑因子。结论正确评定神经症和郁郁障碍患者的述情障碍及影响因素，具有重要的临床现实意义，对采用适当的心理治疗提供依据。     

述情障碍与心理健康状况的相关性分析

目的 了解述情障碍与心理健康状况的关系。方法 对274名高中生进行TAS、SCL-90自我测试,对所获资料进行相关分析。结果 被试对象TAS总分与SCL-90总分及各因子分显著相关(P<0.01),同时SCL-90总分与TAS各因子分显著相关(P<0.01)。结论 心理健康水平在一定程度上取决于述情障碍的水平,述情障碍可能是心理健康水平的人格基础。     

长期住院精神分裂症患者述情障碍的研究

目的　探讨长期住院的精神分裂症患者的述情障碍问题。方法　对100例长期住院的精神分裂症患者采用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS量表)评定,并根据年龄、文化程度、病程、住院时间、药物剂量的不同对患者进行分组对比。结果　长期住院的精神分裂症患者 TAS 均分及各因子分高于常模,且不同年龄、病程、住院时间的患者总均分及部分因子分存在明显的差异。结论　长期住院的精神分裂症患者存在一定的述情障碍。     

大学生述情障碍与自杀倾向的相关性

目的 了解在校大学生述情障碍与自杀倾向的相关性.方法 采用多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)、贝克绝望量表(BHS)以及自编的一般资料问卷对在校大学生进行现场调查.结果 男生在因子3分上显著性高于女生(P＜0.05),不同年级、学习成绩、家庭来源的大学生在TAS总分及3个因子分上均存在显著性差异(P＜0.05),独生子女的TAS总分、因子1、因子3得分高于非独生子女,差异有显著性(P＜0.01);有自杀倾向大学生TAS总分、因子1、因子3得分均高于无自杀倾向者,差异有显著性(P＜0.05);BHS总分与TAS总分及因子1、因子2、因子3都显著正相关(P＜0.01,r=0.08～0.33);通过Logistic多元回归分析,BHS总分、年级、动机丧失、成绩、独生子女5个变量依次进入回归方程.结论 在校大学生述情障碍和自杀倾向密切相关.     

发作期抑郁症患者述情障碍影响因素的多元分析

目的探讨发作期抑郁症患者述情障碍的相关因素。方法采用多伦多述情量表（TAS）中文版、Beck抑郁自评量表（BDI）对80例发作期抑郁症患者进行评定,并与95名健康志愿者（对照组）比较。结果（1）抑郁症组TAS因子Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、总分及BDI评分均显著高于对照组（P〈0．01）。（2）患者住院与他人交流、抑郁总分依次进入TAS因子Ⅰ的回归方程;抑郁总分、工作学习应激、性别依次进入TAS因子Ⅱ的回归方程;受教育年限、住院与他人交流依次进入TAS因子Ⅲ的回归方程;抑郁总分、治疗信心依次进入TAS总分的回归方程。结论抑郁发作患者存在明显的述情障碍。性别、受教育年限、抑郁的严重程度等为发作期抑郁症患者述情障碍的重要影响因素。述情障碍不同因子的影响因素不尽相同。     

Cross validation of the factor structure of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale: An Italian multicenter study

The 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) has been shown in previous research to measure a general dimension of alexithymia with three intercorrelated factors. This study evaluated the reliability and factorial validity of an Italian translation of the TAS-20 in a group of normal adults (N = 206) and in a mixed group of medical and psychiatric outpatients (N = 642). Using confirmatory factor analyses, the previously established three-factor model of the TAS-20 was found to be replicable in both groups. In addition, the Italian TAS-20 demonstrated adequate estimates of internal reliability and test-retest reliability. Although evaluation of the convergent, discriminant, and concurrent validity of the TAS-20 is required in Italian populations, the present results support the use of the Italian translation of the scale for clinical and research purposes.     

Assessing the reliability and validity of the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire among U.S. Anglo and U.S. Hispanic samples

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this paper is to assess the psychometric properties of the Bermond-Vorst Alexithymia Questionnaire (BVAQ) in U.S. Anglo and U.S. Hispanic samples of college students. METHOD: One hundred ninety-four U.S. Hispanics and 304 U.S. Anglos participated in the study. In addition to completing the BVAQ, participants completed the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the Eysenck Neuroticism Scale (ENS). RESULTS: BVAQ and TAS-20 subscales were correlated across groups. While the identifying and verbalizing composites of the BVAQ subscales were predictive of neuroticism and depression across groups in the expected direction, the fantasizing subscale of the BVAQ was negatively predictive of depression and neuroticism across groups. CONCLUSION: Given the unexpected findings associated with some of the BVAQ subscales, future research should explore the dimensionality of alexithymia.     

Cross-cultural alexithymia: validity of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale in North American aboriginal populations

OBJECTIVE: The generalizability of the alexithymia construct to North American aboriginal culture was examined by assessing the replicability of the factor structure of the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) in two different adult samples. The study also assessed the reliability of the scale and the influence of gender, age, and education on alexithymia levels. METHOD: The first sample was a community-based group of 123 aboriginal men and women; the second sample was 102 male aboriginal offenders. Both samples completed the TAS-20. RESULTS: The replicability of the three-factor structure for the TAS-20 was supported in both groups using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The TAS-20 and its three factors demonstrated adequate internal reliability, and the variables of gender, age, and education accounted for small or nonsignificant amounts of variability in total TAS-20 and factor scale scores. CONCLUSION: The results provide additional support for the factorial validity of the TAS-20 in diverse cultural groups.     

The predictive value of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale among patients with asthma

Objective: The present study examines how alexithymia, self-report of symptoms, and pulmonary function are related to each other among a sample of patients with asthma. The goal was to extend previous research showing that alexithymia may complicate treatment of asthma. Methods: Seventy-four participants with asthma completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS), Asthma Symptom Checklist (ASC), Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS), and spirometry testing. Results: The “Difficulty identifying feelings” subscale (IDE) of the TAS was associated with increased report of emotional symptoms (panic–fear) as well as physical symptoms (fatigue) during the past week, but not pulmonary function on the day of testing. This relationship appeared to be influenced by trait anxiety. The “Difficulty communicating feelings” subscale (COM) was correlated with decreased pulmonary function, but not report of emotional or physical sensations experienced during the prior week. The “Externally oriented thinking” subscale (EOT) was not related to any of the dependent measures. Conclusion: These data suggest that alexithymia may complicate optimal management of asthma and this relationship is best studied by examining the subscales of the TAS separately.     

The 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale. III. Reliability and factorial validity in a community population

OBJECTIVE: Some researchers have questioned the stability of the three-factor structure of the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) or the reliability of one or more factors of the scale. The aim of this study was to assess the replicability of the factor structure of the TAS-20 in a large community sample and to determine also whether the same three-factor structure can be recovered in men and women. The study also assessed the reliability of the scale and the influence of gender, age, and education on TAS-20 scores. METHOD: The TAS-20 was administered to 1933 adults (880 men and 1053 women) residing in several small cities and towns in Ontario, Canada. The factor structure of the scale was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS: The three-factor structure of the TAS-20 was replicable in the entire community sample and also separately in men and women. The TAS-20 and its three factors demonstrated internal reliability, and the variables of gender, age, and education accounted for relatively small or modest amounts of variability in total TAS-20 and factor scale scores. CONCLUSION: The results provide strong support for the reliability and factorial validity of the TAS-20 and indicate the importance of using CFA when assessing the replicability and theoretical integrity of the factor structure of the scale.     

多伦多述情障碍量表(TAS-20)的信度和效度研究

目的：评价TAS-20量表的信度和效度。方法：使用TAS-20对112例正常人对照样本和102例精神病人样本进行评定。结果：TAS-20具有良好的心理测量特性，Caronbachα系数在0.581-0.739，TAS-20各分量表的劈半相关系数在0.558-0.803，TAS-20各分量表得分在正常人对照样本和精神病人样本之间存在非常显著性差异。结论：TAS-20量表具有良好的信度和效度，值得推广使用。