北京市正常儿童、青少年的AF-BF距及AXB角

目的 :研究北京市正常儿童、青少年的AF—BF距及AXB角。方法 :对 4 3名北京市替牙期正常者及 4 4名恒牙早期正常者拍摄头颅侧位X线片 ,测量其AF—BF距及AXB角。结果 :得出了北京市正常替牙期组及恒牙早期组的AF—BF距及AXB角的正常值范围。结论 :AF—BF距及AXB角可反映上下颌骨间的前后位置关系 ,在某些情况下可代替ANB角及“wits”分析法。     

上海地区正常(牙合)儿童Wits法测量分析

笔者通过对上海地区128例替牙期、恒牙初期正常(牙合)儿童的Wits分析测量,取得该地区正常胎儿童的Wits正常值,并发现:(1)替牙(牙合)期与恒牙初期儿童的Wits值无显著差异;(2)不同地区汉族正常胎儿童Wits值无显著差别;(3)替牙胎期、恒牙初期及恒牙期的纵向比较表明,Wits值在整个生长发育过程中变化很小;(4)Wits法能精确反映上下基骨间的矢状关系。     

正畸力对上中切牙牙根继续发育影响的初步研究

目的 研究正畸力对未发育完全的上颌中切牙牙根继续发育的影响.方法 选择替牙期牙根未闭合的上颌中切牙16颗,唇向开展上前牙矫治反(牙合).选择恒牙期牙根闭合的上颌中切牙16颗,采用镍钛丝排齐整平的方式进行不拔牙正畸治疗.患者在一年后结束治疗,治疗前后拍摄CBCT,进行Mimics15.0重建分析上颌中切牙的牙根长度和体积变化.结果 治疗后替牙期患者的上颌中切牙的牙根长度和体积得到增加(P＜0.05).恒牙期患者的上颌中切牙的长度减少(P＜0.05),体积无明显变化(P＞0.05).结论 未发育完全的中切牙的牙根可以继续正常发育.     

替牙期唇腭裂患者颈椎异常研究

目的:探究替牙期先天性唇腭裂患者与颈椎畸形的关系,以及唇腭裂患者头面部指标与颈椎异常之间的关系。方法:唇腭裂组44例替牙列期患者,对照组为44例颅颌面部发育正常的安氏I类替牙期患者,通过头颅侧位片观察唇腭裂组颈椎异常以及对照组颈椎异常分布,比较两组发病率以及唇腭裂患者头面部指标与颈椎异常之间的关系。结果:唇腭裂组中正常颈椎12例,占27.3%;颈椎融合共19例,占43.2%;后弓发育缺陷共8例,占18.2%;颈椎融合及后弓发育缺陷同时发生者共5例,占11.4%。两组颈椎融合发生率、后弓发育缺陷的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组间同时发生颈椎融合及后弓发育缺陷的发生率差异具无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组颈椎异常发生率性别间的差异无统计学差异(P>0.05)。唇腭裂组中正常颈椎组分别与后弓缺陷组,融合及缺陷组的下颌角(Ar-Go-Gn角)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:唇腭裂患者中颈椎异常的患病率相对于正常人群更高,提示着唇腭裂疾病与颈椎异常在发病机制上可能相关。     

Beta角评价前牙反患者颌骨矢状关系的准确性分析

目的探讨Beta角判断替牙期与恒牙期前牙反[牙合]患者颅面矢状关系的可靠程度。方法应用X线头颅定位侧位片,比较替牙期与恒牙期前牙反[牙合]患者的Beta角、ANB角、Wits值和APDI指数的差异,并进行相关性和变异程度分析。结果替牙期与恒牙期前牙反[牙合]患者Beta角间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;Beta角与ANB角、Wits值和APDI指数显著相关（P〈0．05）,但变异较ANB角和Wits值小,与APDI指数接近。结论Beta角可准确评价前牙反[牙合]患者的颌骨矢状关系。     

替牙期骨性Ⅲ类单侧完全性唇腭裂患者修复术后口周力的分布特征

目的:通过与同龄非唇腭裂正常 儿童比较,研究替牙期骨性Ⅲ类单侧完全性唇腭裂(unilateral cleft lip and palate,UCLP)患者上下颌不同位点口周力的特征。 方法:选取替牙期6～12岁UCLP患者20例(男14例,女6例)为UCLP组;同龄正常 儿童21例(男14例,女7例)为对照组。采用口周肌压力采集系统测量每个研究对象息止 位时双侧上下颌中切牙、尖牙或乳尖牙、第一前磨牙或乳磨牙、第一恒磨牙的唇颊、舌腭侧龈缘的口周力。使用SPSS 25.0统计软件对数据进行统计分析。 结果:1．UCLP组上颌口周力裂侧大于非裂侧( P<0.05),下颌口周力两侧无差异( P>0.05)。2. UCLP组上颌口周力大于对照组( P<0.05),两组上颌唇颊侧的口周力均在第一前磨牙/乳磨牙区最大,在中切牙区最小。3. UCLP组下颌唇颊侧口周力小于对照组( P<0.01),下颌中切牙舌侧区UCLP组大于对照组( P<0.05)。4. UCLP组上颌牙弓内外口周力差值大于对照组( P<0.05),下颌差值小于对照组( P<0.01)。 结论:替牙期骨性Ⅲ类UCLP患者口周力较同龄非唇腭裂正常 儿童存在异常。     

单侧完全性唇腭裂术后患者颅面结构的后前位X线头影测量研究

本研究把３６名单侧完全性唇腭裂术后患者依牙龄分为替牙组及恒牙组。３６名相同年龄分布的正常人为对照组。利用Ｘ线头颅定位后前位片，对单侧完全性唇腭裂患者颅面生长发育的对称性进行研究。研究结果表明，除替牙期乳突点、磨牙点及恒牙期眶外侧壁点，唇腭裂患者颅面双侧对应结构的垂直向差值均大于正常；两个牙龄期所有颅面对应结构的水平非对称率均大于正常人。唇腭裂术后患者颅面发育的不对称不仅仅局限于面中部结构，且有随年龄增大的趋势     

用新型组合式矫治装置早期矫治安氏Ⅱ1错

目的用新型组合式矫治装置治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合.方法采用由口外弓、下颌唇挡及上颌斜面导板组成的矫治装置,治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合66例(男30例, 女36例),治疗前后进行X线头影测量分析.结果66例患者的覆牙合、覆盖及颌关系调整时间为3～13个月,平均7.6个月.治疗后覆牙合平均减小2.5 mm,覆盖减小4.3 mm,SNB角增加1.8°,ANB角减小1.9°,U1-NA角减小8.8°,L1-NB角增加6.4°,IMPA角增加5.7°,Z角增加4.5°,Wits值减小1.6,ANS-Me增加4.0 mm.结论该组合式矫治装置对替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合具有良好的矫治效果.     

用新型组合式矫治装置早期矫治安氏Ⅱ1错(牙合)

目的:用新型组合式矫治装置治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合.方法:采用由口外弓、下颌唇挡及上颌斜面导板组成的矫治装置,治疗替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合66例(男30例, 女36例),治疗前后进行X线头影测量分析.结果:66例患者的覆牙合、覆盖及颌关系调整时间为3～13个月,平均7.6个月.治疗后覆牙合平均减小2.5 mm,覆盖减小4.3 mm,SNB角增加1.8°,ANB角减小1.9°,U1-NA角减小8.8°,L1-NB角增加6.4°,IMPA角增加5.7°,Z角增加4.5°,Wits值减小1.6,ANS-Me增加4.0 mm.结论:该组合式矫治装置对替牙期及恒牙初期安氏Ⅱ1错牙合具有良好的矫治效果.     

正常骨面型儿童、成人上气道形态的X线头影测量分析

目的 比较正常骨面型儿童和成人的上气道形态,为不同年龄上气道正常参考值的建立和颅面部生长发育的研究提供一定的参考.方法 采用计算机辅助X线头影测量技术,对120名正常骨面型儿童、成人的X线头颅定位侧位片进行测量,并对上气道各水平测量值进行统计学分析.结果 儿童上气道各水平测量值无显著性别差异,成人上气道各段除喉咽段V-LPW外也无性别差异.从替牙期、恒牙早期到恒牙期,男性上气道PNS-R、PNS-AD2、V-LPW逐渐增大,而SPP-SPPW、U-MPW、TB-TPPW变化不显著,PNS-UPW从替牙期到恒牙早期变化显著,而从恒牙早期到恒牙期基本无变化;女性上气道PNS-R、PNS-AD2逐渐增大,而SPP-SPPW、U-MPW变化不显著,PNS-UPW、TB-TPPW、V-LPW从替牙期到恒牙早期变化显著,而从恒牙早期到恒牙期基本无变化.结论 儿童与成人的上气道形态具有一定差异,应该分年龄建立上气道正常参考值范围,为OSAS的诊断和治疗提供有力的依据.     

Mood and malignancy: head and neck cancer and depression

Head and neck cancer patients have been reported to show high rates of depression. However, it is important to differentiate between depressive symptoms and a depressive disorder. This review critically examines the relationship between head and neck cancer and depression. There appears to be little evidence for depression leading to an increased risk of developing cancer and although depressive symptoms in head and neck cancer patients are common, very few studies have investigated depressive disorders. The studies that investigated the incidence of a comorbid depressive disorder report a prevalence very close to that of the general population, implying that major depression is not a normal response to cancer. Finally, the evidence suggests that comorbidity of depression with cancer has a negative impact on morbidity and mortality. Both psychosocial and biological factors could account for this. Dysregulation of the stress hormone axis and increased inflammation are common in depressive disorders and have been suggested as underlying pathological mechanisms and are both markers of poor prognosis in cancer. This evidence suggests that a relatively small number of patients develop a depressive disorder following a diagnosis of cancer, but for those that do it may have a substantial impact on their prognosis.     

低氧和自噬与肿瘤的发生发展

自噬作为真核生物的一种应激调控机制,既可以促进肿瘤的发生发展,又可以抑制肿瘤的增殖。在肿瘤局部低氧的微环境下,低氧诱导因子-1α、哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白信号转导通路抑制、内质网应激均可促进自噬的发生。在肿瘤快速地发生发展过程中,肿瘤的糖代谢功能增强、活性氧族增多、窖蛋白1下调以及上皮间质转化的激活均诱导了自噬的发生并促进肿瘤的局部浸润、侵袭转移和耐药,因此,抑制自噬可能为肿瘤治疗提供一种新的策略。     

Survey of Australian and New Zealand Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery trainees and recent specialists--education and experience

This study examined the demographic characteristics, educational background and attitudes toward training of all recent OMS specialists and all current trainees in Australia and New Zealand in 1996. The early nineties is a key period as it marks the transition from an essentially dentally based speciality (85% dental degree in 1990); to recent specialists with an increasing number with both medical and dental degrees (33% dual degree 1990-1996); to predominantly dual degree training (84.4% dual in 1996). Current trainees had more extensive experience in pathology, preprosthetic and reconstructive surgery. They were also strongly critical of the length and cost of training.     

Open bite and and therapeutic strategy

Anterior open bites can be divided into two categories: skeletal and dento-alveolar. The etiology, basically affecting dento-alveolar structures, is functional or mechanical such as the rotation of the first higher molars, the exaggerated curve of Spee and the incisor supraclusion and the simple orthodontic treatment can bring a therapeutic success but functional rehabilitation remains the guaranty of such a stability of our treatment. The purpose of this work is to make a teaching article which puts the point on the interest of the elements of the diagnosis and the orthodontic treatment indicated in certain clinical situations of anterior open-bite; this by detailing biomechanics of correction of this anomaly requiring various therapeutic strategies. Functional rehabilitation remains always the guaranty of such a therapeutic stability. For the teaching aspect, we want to attach stereotypic forms and also to present clinical cases treated in the service of consultation and dental treatment in order to answer such a request.